types of prebiotics, mechanism, which food contain prebiotics, its use in Aquaculture,

2. Prebiotics
Aquaculture

3.  In 1995Concept was introduced
 By Gibson and Roberfroid.

4.  Resistant to hydrolysis
 Fermented by intestinal microbiota.
 Selectively stimulate growth or activity of
beneficial intestinal bacteria i.e,
 Lactobacillus species
 Bifidobacterium species

5.  Non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially
affects the host by selectively stimulating the
growth
 Chemicals that induce the growth or activity
of commensal microorganisms (e.g., bacteria
and fungi).

6.  On the basis of source of origin:
 Disaccharide
 Oligosaccharide
 Resistant Starch

7.  Laccitol
 Lactulose
 Xylitol

8.  Fructo-oligosaccharide (Fos)
 Galacto-oligisaccharide
 Insulin
 Xylo-oligosaccharide
 Soybean-oligosaccharide.

9.  Raw dandelion greens
 Raw garlic
 Raw leek
 Raw onion
 Cooked onion
 Raw banana

10.  Live microbial feed supplements that have
beneficial effects on the host by improving its
intestinal microbial balance.

11.  Effect on growth
 Feed conversion
 Gut microbiota
 cell damage/morphology
 resistance against pathogenic bacteria
 Enhance Immunity

13.  Mechanisms by which prebiotics provide
health benefits
 Increases the amount of lactic acid
producing bacteria (lactobacilli and
bifidobacteria)
• Increases the amount of Short Chain
Fatty Acids (SCFAs)- Butyrate,
Acetate, Lactate etc…
• Activates carbohydrate
receptor immune cells

15.  On Growth of fish
 On immune system

16.  A study was conducted by a scientist to find
the effect of dietary Prebiotic (Saccharomyces
cerevisiae),Acidifier,and prebiotic and acidifier
on growth parameters.
 Prebiotic and Acidifier mixed with commercial
diets.

17.  The fish were evaluated at days 10, 20, 30 and
40 of being fed by the experimental diets.
 To check growth rate, feed intake.

18.  Show prebiotic and acidifier has highest feed
intake.
 Fish fed with prebiotic and prebiotic with
acidifier displayed increased growth rate.

19.  Experiments exist state their effect as:
1. Selective change in bacterial composition.

20.  A significantly reduce bacterial load in the
intestine. E.g. MOS
 Dawson and Pirulescu 1999 stated:
significantly lower Clostridium perfringens
population in the gut.

21. block type-I fimbriae and prevents
 pathogens from attaching to the intestinal
lining and
 passes them out of the gut.

22.  2 month trial on tilapia, Dietary effect of
Ascorbic acid on fish immunity.
 Decreases the microbial diversity of gut ,shown
through results.
 control given normal diet.
 Treatment 1 given 3% AA diet.
 Treatment 2 given 5% AA diet.

23. CFU
 Control: 7.20×10 6/gm
 Treatment 1(3%AA): 1.46×10 6/gm
 Treatment 2(5%AA): 1.04×10 6/gm
 Show that fishes with treatment 2 has the
lowest microbial diversity.

24.  Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing
industries in the world.
 There is a need for enhanced
 disease resistance
 feed efficiency
 growth performance of cultured fish species.

25. growth performance and feed efficiency increase
 survivility of the fishes increase.
 Dietary supplementation of different feed
additives e.g. immunostimulants

26.  Prebiotics have great potential as agents to improve
or maintain a balanced intestinal microflora to
enhance health and wellbeing

27.  Javid Mortazavi Tabrizi1
 Abolfazl Barzeghar2
 Saeed Farzampour3
 Hamid Mirzaii4
 Saeid Safarmashaei5