This document defines plagiarism, discusses the ethics of avoiding it, and identifies different types of plagiarism. It explains that plagiarism involves taking credit for another person's ideas without attribution. The document then provides tips for avoiding plagiarism such as using citation tools, understanding various citation styles, and ensuring any borrowed information is properly quoted, paraphrased or summarized and attributed to the original source. It also discusses common reasons for plagiarizing unintentionally and emphasizes the importance of properly citing all sources used in academic work.

1. Cindy Cruz-Cabrera
about.me/cindycruzcabrera / en.gravatar.com/cindycatz
ph.linkedin.com/in/cindycruzcabrera

2.  Define “plagiarism”
 Determine the ethics of avoiding plagiarism
 Identify types of plagiarism
 Discuss how to avoid plagiarism

3.  Comes from the Latin word for THIEF,
PLUNDERER, HUNTING NET, and
KIDNAPPER
 “the outright stealing of another person’s ideas”
 Just like your belongings, ideas should be
treated with exclusivity and respect
 Unlike anything for sale, ideas won’t cost you
much

4.  Share button
 Attribution
 Tag
 Dates and timestamps
 Creative Commons
 Ethics
 Internet – easier verification

5.  Submitting a paper bought from somebody who
makes it his/her official business to sell papers
 Submitting a paper that somebody else has
written, whether you paid him/her for it or not
 Copying a paper from a source text without
acknowledging the source

6.  Retweet
 RT with comment
 MT (“modified tweet”)
 Issue: multiple meanings
 HT (“hat tip” or “heard through”)
 via

7.  To get good grades
 To help out a friend

8.  Copying materials from a source text with an
acknowledgement but without quotation marks
 Paraphrasing materials from a source text
without acknowledging the source

9.  Lack of time to check for proper documentation
(or simply carelessness)
 Lack of awareness about rules for proper
documentation
 Lack of guidance on the expectations of the
academe
 Cryptomnesia – false impression that ideas are
ours rather than other people’s

10.  Previous research practices which ignore other
academic conventions
 Lack of practice in the current requirements of
academic research
 Other sociocultural considerations
 Language constraints: writing experience,
kinds of writing done, how well the student
knows the language

11.  The irrelevant reference list
 Stolen references
 Bad paraphrasing
 Use of quotable quotes

12.  Knowing what to do
 Right attitude towards research and academic
work
 What to do?
 SELECT and CITE
 CONTRIBUTE NEW IDEAS TO PREVIOUS
RESEARCH
 CRITIQUE

13. Requires that you process all your borrowed
materials by
 Paraphrasing
 Summarizing / precis
 Quoting

14.  Acknowledging your sources by mentioning
them within the body of your paper and listing
them at the end of your paper
 Internal
 External

15.  More popularly called “summarizing”
 Concerned with the central idea, the core
information (rather than the details that support
it)
 COB – comprehensive, objective, brief
 KISS – keep it short and simple
 About 1/3 the length of original material
 “What does the text say in a nutshell?”

16.  “In what way can the text be better
understood?”
 Rewrite the text in order to simplify it
 Focus not only on what is said, but also how it
is said
 Follows the source text point by point, including
central idea and details
 Breaks information down into manageable
units

17. Requires
 Acknowledgement phrase
 Parenthetical citation / footnote / endnote
 A comment explaining what the quote is about
 A QUOTE CANNOT STAND BY ITSELF

18.  Listing of references
 Bibliography
 Pertinent information
 Author’s name. Title of the Book. Place of
Publication: Publisher, year published /
copyright.
 Ventura, Eloisa. On Your Own: Doing
Research Without Plagiarizing. Quezon City:
University of the Philippines Diliman, 1999.

19.  Turabian
 MLA (Modern Language Association)
 APA (American Psychological Association)
 Chicago Manual of Style
 CBE (Council of Biology Editors) Citation
Sequence System
 Number-System Documentation Style