Aviation safety is a premium culture in aircraft maintenance.

1. AVIATION SAFETY RISK

2.  UNCONSCIOUS BIAS – IN INTERVIEWS
 JOB ANALYSIS
 SKILLS & COMPETENCY NEEDED

7. Chapter 22 Core Competencies
There are four major categories of personnel associated with UAS, each
with their own competency and knowledge requirements.
These competencies are the measurable or observable knowledge,
skills, abilities and behaviors that are essential for successful
performance. This formalization of core competencies establishes the
desired minimums for each user group and can be used as a roadmap
for readers to assist in identifying their proficiency needs.
https://ucdrones.github.io/Policy_Guidance/ch-risk-analysis.html

8. 22.1 Terms and Definitions
22.1.1 User Groups
•General User - a RPIC who operates in exclusively low risk scenarios. A beginner,
occasional operator or operates for only specific uses.
•Power User - a RPIC who operates regularly in moderate to higher risk scenarios. A
operator with significant UAS experience and may be tasked to a wide range of UAS activity.
•UAS Flight Instructor - a RPIC who additionally provides occasional or regular flight
instruction to others.
•UAS Flight Reviewer - a UC staff member responsible for reviewing and approving UAS
activity. This may include Designated Local Authorities, the Systemwide Designated UAS
Authority or other staff member assigned review authority. In some cases, the
responsibilities of a UAS Flight Reviewer may be distributed across subject matter experts.

10. 18.1 Hazard Severity
The FAA defines severity as the consequence or impact of a hazard’s effect or outcome in terms of degree of
loss or harm.
•Minimal severity refers to outcomes in which a UAS causes discomfort to those on the ground.
•Minor severity refers to outcomes in which a UAS causes non-serious injury to three or fewer people on the
ground.
•Major severity refers to outcomes in which
• a UAS causes non-serious injury to more than three people on the ground;
• a UAS crew experiences a reduced ability to cope with adverse operating conditions to the extent that
there would be a significant reduction in safety margins; or
• a UAS causes a manned aircraft to make an evasive maneuver, but the UAS and the manned aircraft
remain greater than 500 feet apart.
•Hazardous severity refers to outcomes in which
• the UAS crew is incapacitated;
• a UAS flies within 500 feet of a manned aircraft; or
• a UAS causes injury to persons other than the UAS crew.
•Catastrophic severity refers to outcomes in which
• a UAS collides with a manned aircraft or
• a UAS causes a fatality or fatal injury to one or more persons other than the UAS crew.

11. 18.2 Likelihood
The FAA defines likelihood as the estimated probability or frequency in quantitative or
qualitative terms of a hazard’s effect or outcome.
•Frequent - at least once per week.
•Probable - less than once per week and at least once per 3 months.
•Remote - less than once per 3 months and at least once per 3 years.
•Extremely Remote - less than once per 3 years and at least once per 30 years.
•Extremely Improbable - less than once per 30 years.

12. 18.3 Analysis
The Risk Matrix in Figure 18.1 can be utilized to determine whether or not a particular
hazard requires mitigation. It also provides insight to the FAA’s safety approach.
Observations:
•The FAA labels a UAS-manned aircraft as a catastrophic incident and that it is only
tolerable without mitigation if it occurs less frequently than once per 30 years.
•The FAA labels equivalent risk severity for injury a spectator as a UAS flying within 500 ft of
a manned aircraft.
•Injuring a member (or three) of the UAS crew is considered a minor severity and any
hazard that may cause it to happen more frequently than once per 3 years recommends
mitigation

13. https://www.slideshare.net/mohamedtayfour/faa-risk-management-246961187

14. https://aviationsafetyblog.asms-pro.com/blog/best-safety-risk-management-practices-for-aviation-maintenance

17. Risk management in aviation maintenance: A systematic
literature review
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925753522001497