3. introduction
- CPTED has been developed as a response to
increasing crime rates & is known around the
world including Malaysia.
- one of the crime prevention strategies
- can be defined as planning and implementing a
detailed physical environment design that is
effective
- also increased the productivity, benefits and
quality of life of the local community
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4. IMPORTANCE OF CPTED
- to improve peace and comfort in residential
areas
- CPTED, it can help reduce the potential
threat of crime and at the same time create
a safer environment
- it can help make housing more child-
friendly
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6. The Four Key Characteristics of
CPTED
NATURAL SURVEILLANCE
TERRITORIAL
REINFORCEMENT
NATURAL ACCESS CONTROL
MAINTENANCE
7. Natural Surveillance
o guides the placement of physical features such as
windows, lighting and landscaping.
o These features affect how much can be seen by
occupants and passersby
o Potential criminals are unlikely to attempt a crime if
they are at risk of being observed
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8. Natural Access Control
o guides how people enter and leave a space through
the placement of entrances, exits, fences,
landscaping and lighting.
o decrease opportunities for criminal activity by
denying criminals access to potential targets and
creating a perception of risk for would-be offenders
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9. Territorial Reinforcement
o can create an area of territorial influence that can be
perceived by and may deter potential offenders
o Examples include defined property lines and clear
distinctions between private and public spaces
o can be created using landscaping, pavement designs,
gateway treatments, signs and fences.
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10. Maintenance
o A well-maintained home, building or community
park creates a sense of guardianship and helps
deter criminals.
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11. How each characteristic contributes to deterring security breaches
and reducing the impact of security violations in a high-end
Natural surveillance
to increasing the ability of legitimate place users to see farther and wider
could be in an underground parking lot
Natural access control
when normal place users are encouraged to use an area for legitimate purposes, and illegitimate users are
discouraged from remaining in the area
is determined by the particular location and imagination of the property manager.
if unwanted visitors remain in an area because of a design feature, such as a wall or barrier, the feature should be
removed (unless required) or changed to make it less attractive
Territorial Reinforcement
key to reclaiming an area if it has been taken over by illegitimate users.
a prime example is based upon the previous example of skateboarders
In one instance, an area had practically been taken over by illegitimate users, making it a dangerous area to visit
Maintenance
clearly define the entry
add strong lighting and outside surveillance cameras to both front and rear entryways
use well-placed signage and interior mirrors to notify your neighbor uses both interior and exterior surveillance
security methods
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13. Safety and Security (Principles of Crime Prevention through
Environmental Design).
o reduce the likelihood of crime
being committed.
o four main principles of CPTED
which are natural
surveillance, access control,
territorial consolidation and
spatial management
o help create a safe and
secure residential
environment that
encourages vitality and
viability activities and
allows for a higher level
of safety
o help in minimizing the
incidence of crime and
contribute to the
perception of increased
public safety
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14. Propose specific design changes or improvements based on CPTED to
enhance security and reduce security violations.
o layout design o mixed development
contains housing,
business, industrial and
public focus area
development activities
o strongly encouraged to
create an active and
busy atmosphere
throughout the day
o to activate areas with
various land use activities
such as residential
activities and recreational
parks, create natural
surveillance and improve
area security especially in
areas at risk of crime as
well as increase the sense
of belonging and
community and
environmental awareness
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16. 2023 BLE 1213 PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICAL SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT 16
One real-world example of a high-end residential area that
successfully implemented CPTED principles.
• examples that can be taken is the Shah Alam City Safe City Project
• to improve the quality of life of the community in this country by increasing the
level of community safety in the city
• has been defined as a city that is free from all physical, social and mental threats
in addition to an environment that is always in the most preserved condition
(Anon, 2004)
• social cohesion between community members can be established
• the rate of criminal cases will decrease.
