Uploaded byHarsh Sethia
Autonomic & Neuromuscular
This document summarizes pharmacological properties of various autonomic and neuromuscular drugs. It lists the drug name, classification, mechanism of action, effects, and indications for each of the following drugs: atenolol, atropine, dobutamine, edrophonium, epinephrine, phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, phenylephrine, pilocarpine, pralidoxime, propranolol, pseudoephedrine, pyridostigmine, rocuronium, sildenafil, succinylcholine, tamsulosin, and terazosin.
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Autonomic & Neuromuscular
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- 2. Atenolol Pralidoxime Atropine Propranolol Dobutamine Pseudoephrine Edrophonium Pyridostigmine Epinephrine Rocuronium Phenoxybenzamine Sildenafil Phentolamine Succinylcholine Phenylephrine Tamsulosin Pilocarpine Terazosin
- 3. Atenolol Sympatholytic, Bronchoconstriction w/ antihypertensive high doses b/c β1 blockade Β1 receptor antagonist Additive hypotension w/ β1 receptor antagonist nitrates Angina Post MI Hypertension
- 4. Atropine Anticholinergic Mydriasis & cycloplegia Muscarinic receptor Warm, dry, flushed skin antagonist Tachycardia Delirium Hallucinations Muscarinic receptor blocker Bradycardia IBS Anticholinesterase poisoning Antisecretory agent
- 5. Dobutamine Sympathomimetic, cardiac Tachycardia stimulant Arrhythmia β1 receptor agonist Selective β1 receptor agonist β1 > β2 > α1 Cardiac contractility & output Acute heart failure Cardiogenic shock Synergistic on cardiac output w/ nitroprusside
- 6. Edrophonium Diagnostic agent Muscarinic effects Miosis Cholinesterase Salivation inhibitor Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor Dx myasthenia gravis
- 7. Epinephrine Sympathomimetic, HTN bronchodilator, vasopressor Tachycardia Nonselective adrenergic agonist Ischemia Hyperglycemia Activates α & β receptors ↑ IP3 & cAMP α1 – vasoconstrict & ↑ BP β1 – ↑ HR, conduction, & contractility β2 – vasodilate, ↓ BP, bronchodilate Cardiac arrest, V fib Shock, asthma COPD
- 8. Phenoxybenzamine Vasodilator Postural hypotension Irreversible α receptor Hypotension w/ β antagonist blockers & Ca channel blockers α receptor antagonist α1 > α2 Presurgical Tx of HTN d/t pheochromocytoma
- 9. Phentolamine Vasodilator Hypotension α receptor antagonist Severe hypotension w/ Epi Blocks α1 & α2 receptors Control BP during surgical removal of pheochromocytoma IV admin only
- 10. Phenylephrine Vasocontrictor, decongestant Rebound nasal congestion Selective α1 receptor agonist HTN MAOI cause severe HTN Activates α1 receptor Increase IP3 causing contraction of vascular smooth m. Nasal & ocular decongestant Dilate pupil for opthalmoscopy Mydriasis w/o cycloplegia Paralysis of accommodation
- 11. Pilocarpine Antiglaucoma, sialogogue Miosis Muscarinic receptor Blurred vision agonist Accommodative spasm Activates muscarinic receptors in ciliary m. & salivary gland Sjogren’s syn Glaucoma • Ciliary m. ↑ aqueous humor Xerostomia • Salivary gland ↑ salivation
- 12. Pralidoxime Organophosphate antidote Cholinesterase reactivator Binds phosphorous & breaks organophosphate bond w/ cholinesterase Organophosphate toxicity Reverses muscle weakness
- 13. Propranolol Sympatholytic, antihypertensive Bronchoconstriction Nonselective β receptor Inhibits glycogenolysis antagonist Nightmares & depression Blocks β1 & β2 receptors Angina HTN Benign tremor Migraine prophylaxis thyrotoxicosis Post-MI Highly lipophilic CNS effects
- 14. Pseudoephedrine Decongestant Tachycardia Indirect/direct-acting CNS stim. adrenergic receptor ↑ BP agonist MAOI cause severe HTN ↑ release NE directly activates adrenergic receptors causing vasoconstriction & cardiac stim. Allergic & viral rhinitis
- 15. Pyridostigmine Antimyasthenic Muscarinic effects Miosis Cholinesterase inhibitor, Salivation cholinergic agonist Prolongs effects of Reversibly inhibits succinylcholine cholinesterase Tx myasthenia gravis Reverse nondepolarizing NM blockers
- 16. Rocuronium Paralytic agent Respiratory m. paralysis Nondepolarizing NM Apnea blockade Blocks nicotinic receptors in skeletal m. Skeletal m. relaxation for intubation, surgery, ECT Effects reversed by neostigmine & edrophonium
- 17. Sildenafil Vasodilator HA Phosphodiesterase Nasal congestion inhibitor Back pain Visual disturbances Inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase & degradation of cGMP vasodilation in corpus cavernosum d/t Ach release from sacral PNS neurons Erectile dysfunction
- 18. Succinylcholine Paralytic agent Respiratory m. paralysis Depolarizing NM blockade Apnea Binds nicotinic receptors causing prolonged depolarization of skeletal m. & paralysis Skeletal m. relaxation for intubation & surgery Transient m. fasciculations
- 19. Tamsulosin Urologic agent Dizziness HA Uroselective α1 Postural hypotension receptor antagonist Cimetidine increases Blocks α1A receptors blood levels & effects in prostate Tx urinary outflow obstruction d/t prostatic hyperplasia
- 20. Terazosin Antihypertensive, 1st dose syncope urologic agent Selective α1 receptor antagonist Blocks α1 receptors HTN Outflow obstruction d/t prostate hyperplasia