This is a compilation of English and Spanish sources. This was a work for a workshop named Translation of Journalist Texts for our professor Rosa María Palomino.

1. Students:
Cabezas López, Nadia Mercy
Cornejo Marcelo, Victor Germán
Domen Chachapoyas, Sandra Mayumi
Cycle: 8th
Course: Translation of Journalist Texts
Professor: Rosa María Palomino

2. Basic Concepts
is a combination of two words:
audio
visual
e.g.
Television
Cinema

3. Basic Concepts (2)
Audiovisual Journalism (Periodismo
audiovisual)
• It refers to which words and images are used.
Cinema (Cine)
• The production of films as an art or an industry
Television
• 1 a system for converting visual images (with sound) into
electrical signals, transmitting them by radio or other
means, and displaying them electronically on a screen.
• 2 the activity, profession, or medium of broadcasting on
television.
• 3 (also television set) a device with a screen for
receiving television signals.

4. Basic Concepts (3)
Open-signal (Señal abierta)
• The electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted
in free space and go to the television. Their limit is
defined by the distance of the transmitter.
Closed-signal (Señal cerrada)
• We have to pay for it.
Sound film (Cine sonoro)
• A motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound
technologically coupled to image, as opposed to
a silent film.

5. Summarizing…
Audiovisual Journalism
• It is the practice of strategically
combining words and images to
convey information.

6. History
Sound Film (Cine
sonoro)
 Lee De Forest invented the sound cinema
in 1922.
 The first commercial success was The
jazz singer (1927).
 Cinema with voices, sounds and images,
etc . These were separately produced.
 Sound cinema started in 1926. The
Warner Brothers used this kind of film.
 Directors used symphonic bands for their
films.

7. History (2)
Journalism in the cinema
 It appeared for about 1930.
 A predecessor to video
journalism first appeared in
the 1960s in the USA, when
reporters had to write and
shoot their own stories.

8. History (3)
 The scholarly father of this visual form of
communication is Robert E. Horn, Ph.D., a
fellow at Stanford University and author of
the book Visual Language.

9. History (4)
 Michael Rosenblum compared
the introduction of video
cameras to the invention of the
portable camera in the 1930s.
 Video journalism makes it
possible for videographers to
document any event while it is
still occurring.

10. History (5)
 In the early 1990s, the news
channel New York. 1t was the
first to hire only video
journalists.
 In the mid-1990s, the
first German private stations
followed the example of NY1,
and in 1994, the regional
channel Bayerischer
Rundfunk (first public
broadcasting station to follow
suit and hire a number of video
journalists).

11. Equipment
 Camera
 Film camera (cámara de
video)
 Recording card (tarjeta de
grabación)
 Sound blender (mezcladora)
 Tripod (tripode)
 Etc…

12. Timeline of television
history

13. Television
Charles Francis Color Television
Jenkins – (in 1925
Mechanical(on
Zworykin )
June 14, 1923)
Rabbit Ears –
Antennae (Marvin Cable TV (1940's )
Middlemark )

14. Plasma TV (1964 by
Web TV (rolled
Donald Bitzer, Gene
out in 1996 )
Slottow, and Robert
Willson. )
Remote Controls OAD TV 7 Closed
("Lazy Bones," Gracilazo Captioning TV
in 1950 ) de la Vega
(1958) -
Radio
América y
TV Canal 4

15. Cinema
 The sound era.
 Vitaphone.
 Peru.

16. September 1I

17. Ecuador: New communication
law
The assemblywoman of the
alliance PSC-MG believes
that the Communications
Law, proposed by Alianza
PAIS, allow the Executive to
control the media. Speaking
with Citynoticias (89.3 FM in
Guayaquil), emphasized
that the Communication
Council shall be an
organism in which all media
are radio, television or print
media will have to sing up
immediately after the
enactment of the Law

18. Approved in Venezuela's new
media law
 The controversial
law prohibits the
broadcast of
messages that may
be media
manipulation,
inducing the
assassination,
containing offenses
to public authorities
and "apology for

19.  For this reason it is
also prohibited to
transfer "at all times"
sexual content
programming type C, D
and E, as well as "likely
to incite and promote
hatred and intolerance
for political, religious,
gender difference, by
racism or xenophobia. "

20. “Gag law” (Peru)
 Who wrongly
interferes, listen or
disseminates a
private
communication,
regardless of the
medium through
which it has taken
place, shall be
punished by
deprivation of liberty
for not less than two
nor more than four
years.

21.  Specifically, the
media must work
under the threat of
a lawsuit, because
any corrupt official
could hide behind
that is a "private
communication" to
prevent the spread
of audio that
engage in illegal
activities.

22. Bibliography
 We could not write our sources.
 This was a compilation of some
English sources and translations (from
Spanish texts) in other cases.

23. “Motion pictures will do for the eye what the
phonograph has done for the ear.”
– Thomas Edison
Thank you