There are two types of atomic spectroscopy: atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Atomic emission spectroscopy observes light of particular wavelengths emitted from excited atoms, while atomic absorption spectroscopy observes results against a bright background. Atomic spectroscopy works by exciting atoms and observing the wavelengths emitted or absorbed during electron transitions between closely spaced energy levels, according to selection rules. Instruments heat samples to volatilize atoms so they can emit or absorb monochromatic radiation.

1. Content 04 techniques of biotechnology
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Akhuwat F.I.R.S.T (Faisalabad institute of research science and technology)
ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
There are two types of atomic spectroscopy
1) Atomic emission spectroscopy
2) Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Atomic emission spectroscopy
In this spectroscopy results can be observed as light of particular wavelength but in absorption
spectroscopy results can be observed against bright background
The wavelength emitted from excited atom may be identical using spectroscope with the human
eyes as the detector or a spectrophotometer
Principle
In spectrum change of an elements the emission or absorption wavelength is associated with
transition that require a minimum of energy change. This type of change in transition energy occour
in between orbitals close together in energy term.
Example
Excitation of sodium atom and its subsequent relaxation give rise to emission of orange light (Dlines)
Due transition of an electron from 3s to 3p orbitals and return
There are two major rules behind that
1) One orbital can be occupied with maximum of two electron
2) The spin of electron in one orbital needs to be paired in antiparallel fashion
Instrumentation
It is not carried out at solution level . in order for atoms to emit or absorb monochromatic
radiation they need to be volatilized by exposing them to high thermal energy
Further read from book principle and techniques of biochemistry