The document discusses assessment for learning and its five keys: 1. Clear purpose - What is the assessment's purpose and how will results be used? 2. Clear targets - Are the learning targets clear and appropriate? 3. Sound design - What methods are used and how is bias avoided? 4. Effective communication - How are results managed and reported? 5. Student involvement - Students understand targets and can self-assess progress. It emphasizes involving students by providing understandable targets, models, and feedback to help students self-assess and set goals for continual learning.