This document provides an overview and guidelines for conducting research projects. It discusses the purpose and importance of research, as well as the key elements that make up a quality research project such as being systematic, logical, empirical and replicable. The document also outlines the various formats a research project can take, including assignments, project reports, dissertations and theses. It provides guidance on formatting a project report, including sample chapter outlines, titles, certificates, and references. The overall document serves as a useful reference for students and researchers on how to structure, format and develop a strong research project.

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RESEARCH WORKSHOP
ON
ART OF PROJECT PREPARATION
Dr.C.PARAMASIVAN, Ph.D
Assistant Professor of Commerce
Periyar E.V.R College (A)
Tiruchirappalli -23, Tamil Nadu
WHAT IS RESEARCH
• Research is considered as a powerful weapon to
explore the innovative ideas, informative findings
in almost all the walk of human being.
• Modern technology and its application in day to
day life is the result of the valuable research.
• Research in social science transformed many
achievements and appreciation to the self
sustainable society in the world.

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PURPOSE OF RESEARCH
Academic Research
PG
M.Phil
Ph.D
D.Litt
D.Sc
Non academic Research
Funding institutions
Specialized institutions
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH
»Knowledge
»Innovation
»Advancement
»Technology

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QUALITY OF GOOD RESEARCH
systematic
logical
Empirical
Replicable
Result orientation
VARIOUS FORMAT
ASSISGNMENT
PROJECT REPORT
DISSERTATION
THESIS

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• Assignment is a piece of work given to someone,
typically as part of their studies or job
• Project report is the documents and statements in
which complete information about the operation of
the particular activity or event .
• Dissertation is a long piece of academic writing
based on original research, submitted as part of a
doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree.
• A thesis is an idea or theory that is expressed as a
statement and is discussed in a logical and scientific
way.
GUIDELINES FOR PROJECT REPORT
• The size of the project report depends on the
nature of the theme of the project.
• The project report should be around 100
pages typed in double space.
• Report should be in A4 size papers and in a
bound form.
• The language to be followed for the Project
work should be in English.

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CHAPTER ARRANGEMENT
• Chapter –I
INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY
• Chapter –II
THEORETICAL/ CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS
• Chapter –III
ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION
• Chapter –IV
FINDINGS , SUGGESTIONS & CONCLUSION
FORMAT OF THE PROJECT REPORT
• Title
• Certificate
• Declaration
• Acknowledgement
• Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Review of the literature
• Significanceof the Study
• Problems Statement
• Objectives/Hypothesis:
• Methodology
• Result and Discussion
• Conclusion
• Delimitation
• Suggestionsfor further work
• References (APA style)
• Appendix

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TITLE
• The first page of the report should
indicate the title of the project, name of
the candidate, address, enrolment
number and year.
• A report on students perception towards
social media for knowledge enrichment
CERTIFICATE
• This is to certify that the Project entitled
“……………………………………….” in partial fulfillment
of the requirement for the award of the Degree
………………………………………..in ……………………………,
submitted to Bharathidasan University,
Tiruchirappalli , is an authentic record of bonafide
research work carried out by
Mr/Ms.………………………………………Roll
No.………………….. under my supervision/ guidance.
Signature of the guide

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DECLARATION
• This is to certify that the Project entitled
“……………………………………….” in partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of the Degree of
…………………………………in
………………………………………………….., submitted to
Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli , is an
authentic record of bonafide work carried out by
me,under the supervision /guidance of
………………………….. The matter embodied in this
Projectn has not been submitted for the award of any
other degree or diploma to any University/Institution.
Signature of the candidate
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• Thanks giving page.
• It should be one page.
• Need not signed by candidate.
• Should give thanks to guide , HOD ,
principal, College management and
others those who are helps to complete
your project in a successful manner

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Table explains the details of the
project report with page numbers
• Table should consist of serial
number , title and page number .
• List of Table
• List of Charts / Figures
INTRODUCTION
• This section will introduce the problem.
It should be able to give an idea to
the reader what the topic is all about,
how did the topic emerge, and what
made the researcher take up the topic.
• The introduction must contain the
rationale and purpose of the research.

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
• Review of literature is a collective body
of works done by earlier researchers and
published in the form of books, journals,
articles.
• It helps in generating ideas and
developing significant questions for the
research work.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• The rationale for carrying out the
particular project is explained here.
• It consists of importance , relevance
and scope of the work

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PROBLEMS STATEMENT
• A problem statement is a brief description of
the issues that need to be addressed by a
problem solving team and should be
presented to them before they try to solve a
problem.
• The statement of the problem should
briefly address the question: What is the
problem that the research will address?
• A problem statement is a statement that
briefly sums up the problem for the event.
OBJECTIVES/ HYPOTHESIS
• This will basically consist of the main
objectives or purpose of the research.
• A hypothesis is also provided which is a
tentative statement about the cause
and effect relationship between the
independent and dependent variables.

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METHODOLOGY
• Methodology includes Sample, Tests/Tools,
Statistical Analysis.
• The size and nature of the sample will
depend on the topic selected.
• Tests/ tools are to be selected based on the
objectives of the research.
• The data collected with the help of the tests/
tools is then analyzed by using appropriate
statistical techniques
• Nature of study
• Period of study
• Area of study
• Sampling techniques
• Sample size
• Sources of data
• Method of data collection
• Statistical tools used
• SPSS/ AMOS

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DELIMITATIONS
• Constraints and limitations of the
project are mentioned here.
• 4-6 limitations should be mentioned
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
• The findings of the research after the
statistical analysis of data are reported
in tabular and graphical form.
• This is then discussed in the light of the
existing research studies.
• The implication of the findings are also
discussed.

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CONCLUSION
• Under this heading, the learner has
to conclude the findings of project .
• It should be 6-10 line which consists
of all aspects of the project.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER WORK
• Based on the research findings, the
learner can give suggestions for
further research in the particular
area.
• It helps to extent further research in
the particular field.

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REFERENCES
• References have to be written in a uniform
format.
• These should be alphabetically listed.
• Reference may be in APA, MLA, Chicago, EEE,
Cambridge format
• Example
Paramasivan C (2019), Digitalized Finclusion
Through PMJDY In India, Think India Journal,
Vol-22- Issue-14-December-2019, ISSN:0971-
1260
APPENDIX
• This will contain the
• Maps
• Questionnaire
• Schedules
• Photographs
• Pictures used for the purpose of the
research.
• data tools/ results also mention.