Pigeon pea is a perennial legume that has been cultivated in India for at least 3,500 years and is now a common food grain in parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. It is an important crop for rainfed agriculture in tropical and subtropical regions. The document discusses the climatic requirements, suitable soil types, methods for land preparation and sowing, nutrient management, irrigation, and weed control for cultivating pigeon peas. It notes the plot number allotted for cultivation and provides details on spacing, seed treatment, fertilizer amounts, and irrigation schedule for the plot area of 25 square meters.

1. ARHAR (PIGEON PEA)
Submitted to- submitted by-
Dr Bhabani Shankar bishoyi Amrita Mishra(30c/14)
Asst.prof.Agronomy Sibasankar Nayak(31c/14)
Ouat , chiplima 3rd year Bsc.Ag.

2. The pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is a perennial legume from the family
Fabaceae. Since its domestication in India at least 3,500 years ago, its seeds have
become a common food grain in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. It is consumed on
a large scale mainly in south Asia and is a major source of protein for the
population of that subcontinent.
Pigeon pea is an important legume crop of rainfed agriculture in the
semiarid tropics. The Indian subcontinent, eastern Africa and Central America, in
that order, are the world's three main pigeon pea-producing regions. Pigeon peas
are cultivated in more than 25 tropical and subtropical countries, either as a sole
crop or intermixed with cereals, such as sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), pearl millet
(Pennisetum glaucum), or maize (Zea mays), or with other legumes,

3. CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS
-Red gram needs a moist and warm weather i.e. 30 – 35 °C during germination and slightly lower
temperature (20 -25°C) during active vegetative growth.
-During flowering and pod setting it requires 15-18°C temperature and at maturity it needs higher
temperature of around 35 - 40°C.
. Water logging,. heavy rains, frost are very harmful to the crop.
Hailstorm or rain at maturity damages the entire crop.
It has a good drought tolerant capacity because of its deep tap root system

4. SOIL REQUREMENTS and plot allotted-
-Red gram can be grown in almost all soil types that are not very
poor in lime and are not subjected to water logging.
-But deep sandy loam and clayey loams are supposed to give
optimum growth and yield.
Soil must be very deep, well drained and free from soluble salts in
them.
-It can be grown successfully on neutral soils having a pH range of
6.5 to 7.5
-we are allotted plot no 15 for arhar cultivation

5. Land preparation and spacing-
-Red gram being a deep rooted crop responds well to proper tilth.
-land is prepared by ploughing during the dry season followed by 2
or 3 harrowings and disc ploughing.
-Organic manure applied 2weeks before sowing and levelled so
that water stagnation does not take place.
-Weeds should be properly removed, well tilled and crusting are
avoided
-Spacing of 30*10 cm is maintained according to variety.

6. Seed Treatment and sowing -
-Seeds are treated with Carbendazim@ 2g/kg of seed 24
hours before sowing and with powder formulation of
Trichoderma viridae @ 4g/kg of seed (or) Pseudomonas
fluorescence @ 10 g/kg seed.
-Treated seeds of suitable variety having high germination
and high real value are selected for sowing.

7. Nutrient Management and irrigation
-Adequate and balanced supply of plant nutrients is a
prerequisite for achieving and sustaining higher productivity.
-A crop of pigeon pea requires 20 to 30 kg N,80 to 100 kg P and
40 to 60 kg per ha.
-About 50 to 75 gm N ,225 gm P and 150 gm of K applied for
allotted plot of 25 m^2 area.
-In the later stages of plant growth, most of the nitrogen required
by plants is derived from fixation in nodules.
-water is applied daily in summer and 4 to 5 days gap in rainy
period.

8. Weed Management:
-Pigeon pea grows very slowly during their early growth period of 45 – 50 days. If weeds are not controlled
in time, it can cause up to 90% reductions in seed yield.
-Weeding done by giving two hand weeding once about 25-30 days and another about 45-50 days after
sowing the crop.
Chemical Control:
-Where hand weeding is not possible soil incorporation of following pre emergence herbicides done-
Alachlor - 1 kg a.i. per ha
Metolachlor and/or Pendimethalin - 1 kg a.i. per ha each
Oxadiazone and Pendimethalin – 0.75 kg a.i. per ha each
An irrigation or rain after sowing enhances the effect of these herbicides.