The document compares and contrasts three iconic architectural sites in Delhi - Red Fort, Rastrapati Bhavan, and Qutub Minar. It discusses the history and architectural designs of each site. Red Fort was built by Shah Jahan and showcases later Mughal architecture. Rastrapati Bhavan, formerly the Viceroy's House, was designed by Edwin Lutyens as the residence for the British viceroy in New Delhi. Qutub Minar was built by Qutb-ud-din Aibak and is a soaring tower that tapers from a wide base to a narrow top. The document also notes the environments around each site.

1. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF
ARCHTECHURE
RED FORT ,
RASTRAPATI BHAVAN
AND
OUTUB MINAR

2. FOUNDATION COURSE
ADITI SINGH
AMRITA KAUR
ILMA AKTHAR
AMRITA JASSAL
JASLEEN KAUR
AMANDEEP KAUR
GROUP NO. IV (4)

3. MATA SUNDARI
COLLEGE
DELHI UNIVERSITY

4. INTRODUCTION
Well as our topic donates the comparison and contraction between Red
Fort, Rastrapati Bhavan and qutub minar , so we have discussed about
each and every aspect of Red Fort, Rastrapati Bhavan as well as qutub
minar.
Firstly we have discussed about the Red Fort which is situated at Old
Delhi, we have discussed about its history as well as its present situation.
Secondly we discussed about the Rastrapati Bhavan also known as
president house. We have elaborated it by its plan and architectural
designs.
Thirdly we have discussed about the Qutub Minar which is situated at
Mehrauli in Delhi, India. we have discussed about its history as well as its
present situation.
Well at end we have discussed environment nearby the Red fort
,Rastrapati Bhavan and Qutub minar.

5. RED FORT

6. Analyzing the red fort history, we have found various facts
about the monument in a wonderful manner. It was built by
the legendary Mughal King called Shahjahan, who was an
amazing
admirer
of
the medieval
architecture.
Red
fort history has been quite intriguing because it has been
witness to crucial events in the past. Different designers were
used to build the place and they used a fabulous square grid
to achieve the task in a wonderful style. After Indian
Independence, the site experienced few changes in terms of
addition or alteration to the structures. The Red Fort
continued to be used as a cantonment even after
Independence. A significant part of the fort remained under
the control of the Indian Army until 22 December 2003, when
it was handed over to the Archaeological Survey of India for
restoration.

7. The Red Fort covers a total area of about 254.67 acres
Architecturaldes
enclosed within 2.4 kilometres of defence walls. The
walls are punctuated by turrets and bastions. They vary in
height from 18 m on the river side to 33 m on the city
side. The fort is shaped like an octagon with the northsouth axis longer than the east-west axis. The use of
marble, floral decorations, double domes in the buildings
inside the fort exemplifies the later phase of Mughal
architecture.
It showcases a very high level of art form and ornamental
work. It is believed that the Kohinoor diamond was a part
of the furniture. The art work in the Fort is a synthesis of
Persian, European and Indian art which resulted in the
development of unique Shahjahani style which is very
rich in form, expression and colour. Red Fort is one of the
important building complexes of India which encapsulates
igns:-

9. OUTUB MINAR

10. It was built by Qutb-ud-din
Aibak
The minar is itself built on the ruins of
the Lal Kot, the Red Citadel in the
city of Dhillika, the capital of the
Tomars and theChauhans, the last
Hindu rulers of Delhi.The minar was
used as a watch tower. The earliest
extant mosque was built by the Delhi
Sultans. Some historians believe that
the minar was named after the
Turkish sultan (whose descendant-
Wajid Ali Shah-repaired
it), Qutb-ud-din Aibak

11. Architectural designs:Qutab Minar is a soaring, 73 m-high tower of
victory, built in 1193 by Qutab-ud-din Aibak
immediately after the defeat of Delhi's last
Hindu kingdom. The tower has five distinct
storeys, each marked by a projecting balcony
and tapers from a 15 m diameter at the base to
just 2.5 m at the top. The first three storeys are
made of red sandstone; the fourth and fifth
storeys are of marble and sandstone. At the foot
of the tower is the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque,
the first mosque to be built in India. An
inscription over its eastern gate provocatively
informs that it was built with material obtained
from demolishing '27 Hindu temples'.

13. FAITH AND BELIFE
The origins of Qutab Minar are shrouded in controversy.
Some believe it was erected as a tower of victory to signify
the beginning of the Muslim rule in India. Others say it
served as a minaret to the muezzins to call the faithful to
prayer.
The 4th century Iron Piller standing nearby in the famous Qutb Complex originally
made as a flagstaff is a tribute to ancient Indian metallurgy. Traditional belief has it
that any onewho can encircle the entire column with their arms, with their back
towards the piller, can have their wish granted. However people are no longer
allowed to perform this act due to the corrosive qualities of sweat. Besides the
QutbMinar, the JahazMahal is an attraction. This sqare pleasure pavilion appears to
float on the Hauz-i-Shamsitank.TheJamail-Kamali Mosque and Tomb the tomb of
Jamali, the court poet during the late Lodi and early Mugal age, has some of his
verse inscribed. Coloured tiles and richly decorated painted plaster work form its
well-preserved interior. The second grave is unidentified but is believed to be that
of his brother Kamali.

14. FAITH AND BELIFE
The origins of Qutab Minar are shrouded in controversy.
Some believe it was erected as a tower of victory to signify
the beginning of the Muslim rule in India. Others say it
served as a minaret to the muezzins to call the faithful to
prayer.
The 4th century Iron Piller standing nearby in the famous Qutb Complex originally
made as a flagstaff is a tribute to ancient Indian metallurgy. Traditional belief has it
that any onewho can encircle the entire column with their arms, with their back
towards the piller, can have their wish granted. However people are no longer
allowed to perform this act due to the corrosive qualities of sweat. Besides the
QutbMinar, the JahazMahal is an attraction. This sqare pleasure pavilion appears to
float on the Hauz-i-Shamsitank.TheJamail-Kamali Mosque and Tomb the tomb of
Jamali, the court poet during the late Lodi and early Mugal age, has some of his
verse inscribed. Coloured tiles and richly decorated painted plaster work form its
well-preserved interior. The second grave is unidentified but is believed to be that
of his brother Kamali.

16. Rastrapati
Bhavan

17. Rastrapati Bhavan
When the plan for a new city New Delhi adjacent to and south of Old Delhi was
developed in the beginning of the 20th century, the Governor-General's House
was given an enormous size and prominent position. About 4,000 acres of land
was acquired to begin the construction of the Viceroy's House and
adjacent Central Secretariat between 1911 and 1916. The British architect Edwin
Landseer Lutyens, a major member of the city-planning process, was given the
primary architectural responsibility. Rashtrapati Bhavan is the official home of
the President of India. As the plan for New Delhi was developed, the GovernorGeneral's residence was given an enormous scale and prominent position.

18. Plan of Rastrapati
Bhawan:-
It is a real masterpiece that was built in the British period. It is the focal point of
New Delhi and situated in the Raisina Hills.The plan of the building is designed
around a massive square with multiple courtyards and open inner areas within.
The plan called for two wings; one for the Viceroy and residents and another for
guestsThe residence wing is a separate four-storey house in itself, with its own
court areas within. This wing was so large that the first Indian governorgeneral, Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, opted to live the smaller guest wing, a
tradition that has since been followed by subsequent presidents.
Durbar Hall, which was known as the Throne Room during British rule
he interior of this room and almost all the rooms of the.palace are bare, relying
on stonework and shapes to show austerity rather than intricate decoration.

19. Architectural designs:Various Indian designs were added to the building. These included several circular stone
basins on top of the building, as water features are an important part of Indian architecture.
There was also a traditional Indian chujja or chhajja, which occupied the place of a frieze in
classical architecture; it was a sharp, thin, protruding element which extended 8 feet (2.4 m)
from the building, and created deep shadows. It blocks harsh sunlight from the windows and
also shields the windows from heavy rain during the monsoon season.There were grilles
made from red sandstone, called jalis or jaalis citation needed.These jalis were inspired by
Rajasthani design.

21. Dome:-
The dome in the middle involved a mixture of
Indian and British styles. In the centre was a tall copper
dome surmounted on top of a drum, which stands out from
the rest of the building, due to its height. The dome is
exactly in the middle of the diagonals between the four
corners of the building. The dome is more than twice the
height of the rest of the building.

22. Mughal Gardens:-
The Mughal Gardens
situated at the back of the Rashtrapati Bhavan, incorporates
both Mughal and English landscaping styles and feature a vast
variety of flowers. The Rashtrapati Bhavan gardens are open to
public in February every year. Main garden: Two channels running
North to South and two running East to West divide this garden
into a grid of squares. There are six lotus shaped fountains at the
crossings of these channels.

23. Major Issues/Problems
There were no as such problem but the major issue was that as many people to whom
we communicated at
Red Fort were not aware about the current situation of
Rastrapati Bhavan and people at Rastrapati Bhavan were not aware about Red fort’s
current situation.This was the major issue at both the places as when we talk to people
at Red Fort like we say sir have you visited Rastapati Bhavan, they just say no so we
were not able to put another question.Even when we have communicated to
shopkeepers they were also not aware about both the places.So ultimately we have to
put ours personal experience.Secondly inside the museum at the Red Fort photography is
banned so we could not show the equipment’s and several other things of Shah jahan
;s time.
Third the Mughal garden is open in the month of February and so we were no able to go there.

24. We concluded that:­
Conclusion
Both these institutions are in Delhi and are related to the politics of India ...........as
Rashtrapati bhavan is the official residence of president of India and on 15th Aug i.e on
independence day the prime minister addresses the nation from red fort !
Both are related to office of the highest administrative heads of a nation. One represents
king ship and another democracy. One is built by red stone another with granite.
But the environment near Red fort is quite good area we have Gurudwara Sis Ganj
Sahib, Church, Jain Mandir, Gori Shankar Mandir, Hazrat Nizamuddin Dargrah.
On the other hand the area near the Rastrapati bhavan is very pleasant and a very
charming