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Arboviruses: Definition and Classification
- 1. Presenter:- Sachin Chaudhary Resource Faculty:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai Moderator:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai ARBOVIRUSES: DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION
- 2. Definition of Arbovirus Taxonomic classification of important arbovirus . Important arbovirus , their infections and vectors
- 3. :- Arthropod borne virus WHO Definition “Viruses maintained in nature principally or to an important extent, through biological transmission between susceptible vertebrate hosts by hematophagus arthropods or through transovarian and possibly venereal transmission in arthropods.” Arbovirus
- 4. Arbovirus have very wide host range including many species of animals and birds. The ability to multiply in arthropod is their special characteristic. The most important arbovirus vectors are mosquito, followed by ticks. Phlebotomous, Culicoides and Cimicidae are less common vector. In the laboratory, mice are commonly used for growing arboviruses, intracerebral inoculation in suckling mice being the most sensitive method for their isolation. Cultivation Arthropod Vectors
- 5. The virus enters the body through the bite of insect vector. After multiplication in the reticuloendothelial system, viremia of varying duration ensues and results in arboviral infections. In some cases, the virus is transported to the target organs, such as CNS(in encephalitis),liver(yellow fever),capillary endothelium(hemorrhagic fevers). TRANSMISSION
- 8. Virus family Virus genus Species Reservoir host Arthropod vector Toga viridae Alphavirus •Chikungunya virus •Eastern equine encephalitis(EEE) •Western equine encephalitis(WEE) •Venezuelan equine encephalitis •Unidentified •Birds •Birds •Birds Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Flavi viridae Flavivirus •Japanese encephalitis •Yellow fever •Dengue virus •Zika virus •St. Louis encephalitis •West Nile fever •Kyasanur forest disease •Russian Spring Summer Encephalitis(RSSE) • Birds • Monkeys • Humans • Monkeys • Birds • Birds • Ticks • Ticks Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Ticks Ticks
- 9. Virus family Virus genus Species Reservoir host Arthropod vector Bunya Viridae • Phlebovirus • Nairovirus • Bunyavirus • Hantavirus • Rift valley fever • Sand fly fever •Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever •California encephalitis •Oropouche fever • Sin NombreViruses • Human • Human • Mammals • Mammals • Mammals • Rodents • Mosquito • Sandfly • Ticks • Mosquito • Culicoides • none Reo Viridae • Orbivirus • Colorado tick fever • Mammals • Ticks Arena Viridae • Arenavirus • Lymphocytic choriomeningitis • Mammals • Mosquito Filo Viridae • Marburgvirus • African hemorrhagic fever • Ebola virus • Mammals • None
- 11. GENUS VIRUS VECTOR Alphavirus Chikungunya Ross river O’nyong-nyong Sindbis Mayaro Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Flavivirus Dengue type 1 to 4 West Nile Mosquito Mosquito Bunyavirus Sandfly fever Rift valley fever Oropouche Sandfly Mosquito Mosquito Orbivirus Colorado tick fever Tick
- 12. GENUS VIRUS VECTOR Alphavirus EEE,WEE,VEE Mosquito Flavivirus St.louis encephalitis, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, Murray valley encephalits RSSE , Powassan Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Tick Bunyavirus California encephalitis Mosquito
- 13. GENUS VIRUS VECTOR Alphavirus Chikungunya Mosquito Flavivirus Dengue,Yellow fever Kyasanur Forest Disease Mosquito Ticks
- 14. •Japanese Encephalitis •Dengue fever •Zika fever •Yellow fever •Chikungunya fever
- 15. Virus isolation eg. cell culture Antigen detection eg. ELISA Genome detection eg. PCR Serological IgM & IgG detection
- 16. • TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY, ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER’S, 10th edition • Warren Levinson: Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 14th Edition, www.accessmedicine.com
Editor's Notes
- Russian spring-summer encephalitis (RSSE) complex