Presenter:- Sachin Chaudhary
Resource Faculty:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai
Moderator:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai
ARBOVIRUSES:
DEFINITION AND
CLASSIFICATION
Definition of Arbovirus
 Taxonomic classification of important
arbovirus .
 Important arbovirus , their infections and
vectors
:- Arthropod borne virus
WHO Definition
“Viruses maintained in nature
principally or to an important extent, through biological
transmission between susceptible vertebrate hosts by
hematophagus arthropods or through transovarian and
possibly venereal transmission in arthropods.”
Arbovirus
Arbovirus have very wide host range including many
species of animals and birds.
 The ability to multiply in arthropod is their special
characteristic.
 The most important arbovirus vectors are mosquito,
followed by ticks.
 Phlebotomous, Culicoides and Cimicidae are less common
vector.
In the laboratory, mice are commonly used for growing
arboviruses, intracerebral inoculation in suckling mice being
the most sensitive method for their isolation.
Cultivation
Arthropod
Vectors
 The virus enters the body through the bite of insect
vector.
 After multiplication in the reticuloendothelial system,
viremia of varying duration ensues and results in
arboviral infections.
 In some cases, the virus is transported to the target
organs, such as CNS(in encephalitis),liver(yellow
fever),capillary endothelium(hemorrhagic fevers).
TRANSMISSION
Transmission Cycle
Taxonomic
classification
Virus
family
Virus genus Species Reservoir host Arthropod
vector
Toga
viridae
Alphavirus •Chikungunya virus
•Eastern equine
encephalitis(EEE)
•Western equine
encephalitis(WEE)
•Venezuelan equine
encephalitis
•Unidentified
•Birds
•Birds
•Birds
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Flavi
viridae
Flavivirus •Japanese encephalitis
•Yellow fever
•Dengue virus
•Zika virus
•St. Louis encephalitis
•West Nile fever
•Kyasanur forest disease
•Russian Spring Summer
Encephalitis(RSSE)
• Birds
• Monkeys
• Humans
• Monkeys
• Birds
• Birds
• Ticks
• Ticks
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Ticks
Ticks
Virus
family
Virus genus Species Reservoir host Arthropod
vector
Bunya
Viridae
• Phlebovirus
• Nairovirus
• Bunyavirus
• Hantavirus
• Rift valley fever
• Sand fly fever
•Crimean Congo
hemorrhagic fever
•California encephalitis
•Oropouche fever
• Sin NombreViruses
• Human
• Human
• Mammals
• Mammals
• Mammals
• Rodents
• Mosquito
• Sandfly
• Ticks
• Mosquito
• Culicoides
• none
Reo
Viridae
• Orbivirus • Colorado tick fever • Mammals • Ticks
Arena
Viridae
• Arenavirus • Lymphocytic
choriomeningitis
• Mammals • Mosquito
Filo
Viridae
• Marburgvirus • African hemorrhagic
fever
• Ebola virus
• Mammals • None
Important
arbovirus, their
infections and
vectors
GENUS VIRUS VECTOR
Alphavirus Chikungunya
Ross river
O’nyong-nyong
Sindbis
Mayaro
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Flavivirus Dengue type 1 to 4
West Nile
Mosquito
Mosquito
Bunyavirus Sandfly fever
Rift valley fever
Oropouche
Sandfly
Mosquito
Mosquito
Orbivirus Colorado tick fever Tick
GENUS VIRUS VECTOR
Alphavirus EEE,WEE,VEE Mosquito
Flavivirus St.louis encephalitis,
West Nile,
Japanese encephalitis,
Murray valley encephalits
RSSE , Powassan
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Mosquito
Tick
Bunyavirus California encephalitis Mosquito
GENUS VIRUS VECTOR
Alphavirus Chikungunya
Mosquito
Flavivirus
Dengue,Yellow fever
Kyasanur Forest Disease
Mosquito
Ticks
•Japanese Encephalitis
•Dengue fever
•Zika fever
•Yellow fever
•Chikungunya fever
 Virus isolation eg. cell culture
 Antigen detection eg. ELISA
 Genome detection eg. PCR
 Serological IgM & IgG detection
• TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY,
ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER’S, 10th
edition
• Warren Levinson: Review of Medical
Microbiology and Immunology, 14th
Edition, www.accessmedicine.com
Arboviruses: Definition and Classification

Arboviruses: Definition and Classification

  • 1.
    Presenter:- Sachin Chaudhary ResourceFaculty:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai Moderator:- Dr. Narayan Raj Bhattarai ARBOVIRUSES: DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION
  • 2.
    Definition of Arbovirus Taxonomic classification of important arbovirus .  Important arbovirus , their infections and vectors
  • 3.
    :- Arthropod bornevirus WHO Definition “Viruses maintained in nature principally or to an important extent, through biological transmission between susceptible vertebrate hosts by hematophagus arthropods or through transovarian and possibly venereal transmission in arthropods.” Arbovirus
  • 4.
    Arbovirus have verywide host range including many species of animals and birds.  The ability to multiply in arthropod is their special characteristic.  The most important arbovirus vectors are mosquito, followed by ticks.  Phlebotomous, Culicoides and Cimicidae are less common vector. In the laboratory, mice are commonly used for growing arboviruses, intracerebral inoculation in suckling mice being the most sensitive method for their isolation. Cultivation Arthropod Vectors
  • 5.
     The virusenters the body through the bite of insect vector.  After multiplication in the reticuloendothelial system, viremia of varying duration ensues and results in arboviral infections.  In some cases, the virus is transported to the target organs, such as CNS(in encephalitis),liver(yellow fever),capillary endothelium(hemorrhagic fevers). TRANSMISSION
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
    Virus family Virus genus SpeciesReservoir host Arthropod vector Toga viridae Alphavirus •Chikungunya virus •Eastern equine encephalitis(EEE) •Western equine encephalitis(WEE) •Venezuelan equine encephalitis •Unidentified •Birds •Birds •Birds Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Flavi viridae Flavivirus •Japanese encephalitis •Yellow fever •Dengue virus •Zika virus •St. Louis encephalitis •West Nile fever •Kyasanur forest disease •Russian Spring Summer Encephalitis(RSSE) • Birds • Monkeys • Humans • Monkeys • Birds • Birds • Ticks • Ticks Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Ticks Ticks
  • 9.
    Virus family Virus genus SpeciesReservoir host Arthropod vector Bunya Viridae • Phlebovirus • Nairovirus • Bunyavirus • Hantavirus • Rift valley fever • Sand fly fever •Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever •California encephalitis •Oropouche fever • Sin NombreViruses • Human • Human • Mammals • Mammals • Mammals • Rodents • Mosquito • Sandfly • Ticks • Mosquito • Culicoides • none Reo Viridae • Orbivirus • Colorado tick fever • Mammals • Ticks Arena Viridae • Arenavirus • Lymphocytic choriomeningitis • Mammals • Mosquito Filo Viridae • Marburgvirus • African hemorrhagic fever • Ebola virus • Mammals • None
  • 10.
  • 11.
    GENUS VIRUS VECTOR AlphavirusChikungunya Ross river O’nyong-nyong Sindbis Mayaro Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Flavivirus Dengue type 1 to 4 West Nile Mosquito Mosquito Bunyavirus Sandfly fever Rift valley fever Oropouche Sandfly Mosquito Mosquito Orbivirus Colorado tick fever Tick
  • 12.
    GENUS VIRUS VECTOR AlphavirusEEE,WEE,VEE Mosquito Flavivirus St.louis encephalitis, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, Murray valley encephalits RSSE , Powassan Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Mosquito Tick Bunyavirus California encephalitis Mosquito
  • 13.
    GENUS VIRUS VECTOR AlphavirusChikungunya Mosquito Flavivirus Dengue,Yellow fever Kyasanur Forest Disease Mosquito Ticks
  • 14.
    •Japanese Encephalitis •Dengue fever •Zikafever •Yellow fever •Chikungunya fever
  • 15.
     Virus isolationeg. cell culture  Antigen detection eg. ELISA  Genome detection eg. PCR  Serological IgM & IgG detection
  • 16.
    • TEXTBOOK OFMICROBIOLOGY, ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER’S, 10th edition • Warren Levinson: Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 14th Edition, www.accessmedicine.com

Editor's Notes

  • #13 Russian spring-summer encephalitis (RSSE) complex