Aquatic plants have specialized structures that allow them to live in water. They have thinner leaves and stems that are more flexible. There are three main types - floating plants that rest on the surface, fixed plants with roots in the sediment and leaves at the surface, and underwater plants entirely submerged. Common habitats for aquatic plants include ponds, lakes, rivers, and oceans.

1. Lesson 6.2
Aquatic Plants

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3. Learning Competency
Identify the specialized structures of terrestrial and
aquatic plants (S4LT-IIe-f-9).
At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning
competency should be met by the students:

4. Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to
do the following:
● Describe aquatic plants.
● Differentiate among the types of aquatic plants.
● Enumerate different habitats of aquatic plants.

5. How are aquatic
plants different
from terrestrial
plants? Where do
we normally see
aquatic plants?

6. Try it!
Warm-Up
Conduct a field survey of plants present in the pond or lagoon
within your school and identify the most dominant ones.
Finding Aquatic Plants

7. Learn about It
● Plants that live in water are
called aquatic plants or
hydrophytes.
● These plants contain special
structures that help them
adapt to this kind of habitat.
Aquatic Plants
Duckweeds in river

8. Learn about It
● Ponds are natural or man-
made shallow pools of
freshwater that provides
good environmental
condition for the growth of
floating aquatic plants.
Natural Habitats of Aquatic Plants
Water lily floating on pond

9. Learn about It
● Lakes are larger versions of
ponds.
● Due to its stagnant nature
and depth, it is capable of
allowing the growth of
floating, fixed, and
underwater aquatic plants.
Natural Habitats of Aquatic Plants
Lake caters to floating, fixed,
and underwater plants

10. Learn about It
● Unlike ponds and lakes, a
river has a continuous flow
of water.
● Water flow affects the
amount of nutrients present
in the water, which may limit
the growth of aquatic plants.
Natural Habitats of Aquatic Plants
Riverbank is another natural habitat
of aquatic plants

11. Learn about It
● Even a marine habitat serve
as home to some aquatic
plants.
● The coastal areas in seas and
oceans serve as primary
habitat for sea grasses, which
are fixed aquatic plants that
provide food for many marine
animals.
Natural Habitats of Aquatic Plants
Seagrasses are found under the sea.

12. Learn about It
● Aquatic plants have thinner
cuticle or waxy layers on
their leaves because they
experience less water loss
compared with terrestrial
plants.
Features of Aquatic Plants
Leaves of aquatic plants have less cuticle
compared with terrestrial plants.

13. Learn about It
● Aquatic plants possess flat
leaves and aerenchyma for
flotation.
Features of Aquatic Plants
Water lilies have flat leaves that
enable it to float in water.

14. Learn about It
● Stems of aquatic plants are
more flexible allowing them
to easily flow with the water
current.
Features of Aquatic Plants
Soft and flexible stems of
aquatic plants

15. Learn about It
● The roots of aquatic plants
are smaller and fibrous.
● It prevents them from
drifting to other places
where conditions may not
be favorable.
Features of Aquatic Plants
Aquatic plants have roots that help
them anchor to the bottom of water

16. Learn about It
Floating Plants
● These plants are light and
spongy.
● They contain numerous spaces
like in a sponge, which makes
them lighter and float.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Water hyacinth as a common
example of a floating plant

17. Learn about It
Floating Plants
● They do not reach the bottom
of the water, but they have
roots for water absorption.
● The presence of flat leaves
enable them to absorb more
energy from the sun.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Duckweed as another common
example of floating plants

18. Learn about It
Fixed Plants
● They have roots that are fixed
on the bottom of the pond.
● Their long stem is flexible,
hollow, and light that reaches
the surface of the water.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Lotus is a common example of
a fixed aquatic plant.

19. Learn about It
Fixed Plants
● The leaves have plate-like shape.
● Their stomata, or opening in the
leaves, are only present on the
surface facing the sun because
plants need to acquire carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Water lily as another common
example of a fixed aquatic plant

20. Learn about It
Underwater Plants
● Underwater or submerged
plants have narrow leaves
and flexible stems that move
along the water current.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Tape grass is a common example
of an underwater plant.

21. Learn about It
Underwater Plants
● Their leaves lack pores, but the
stems contain air spaces that
store oxygen.
● Underwater plants are usually
used for ornamental purposes
in aquariums.
Kinds of Aquatic Plants
Hydrilla is an underwater plant
that is often used to decorate
aquariums.

22. Key Points
● Plants that live in water are called aquatic plants or hydrophytes.
● Aquatic plants have less cuticle or waxy layers on their leaves. They
possess flat leaves and aerenchyma for flotation. Aerenchyma is a
space-filled structure in leaves, stems, and roots of aquatic plants.
● There are three types of aquatic plants, namely floating, fixed, and
underwater plants.
● Common habitat for aquatic plants include ponds, lakes, riverbanks,
and coastlines of seas or oceans.

23. Check Your Understanding
Identify the type of aquatic plant with each of the
following characteristics.
1. long and fixed roots
2. broad leaves
3. presence of aerenchyma
4. narrow and long leaves
5. short and fixed roots

24. Photo Credits
● Slide 11: Seagrass at Rapid Bay Jetty P1262907.JPG, by Peter Southwood, is licensed under CC BY-SA
4.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
● Slide 21: Austfishtank1.JPG, by Casliber, is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

25. Bibliography
Biofuels. “Impact of Soil Type on Seed Germination and Plant Growth (Study)”. Accessed July 12, 2017.
http://learnbiofuels.org/biofuels-lessons/as1-impact-of-soil-type-on-seed-germination-and-plant-
growth
Foresman, Scott. 2010. Science. USA: Pearson Education Inc.
Missouri Botanical Garden. “Plant Adaptations.” Accessed July 12, 2017.
http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/adapt.html
Pennsylvania Department of Education. “Plant Adaptations.” Accessed July 12, 2017.
https://pdesas.org/module/content/resources/13940/view.ashx

26. Bibliography
Reece, Jane B., and Neil A. Campbell. 2011. Campbell Biology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings/Pearson.
Shibles, David. 2000. Botany Basics. USA: University of Florida.
Shipunov, Alexey. 2016. Introduction to Botany. USA: Minot State University.
University of Florida IFAS Extension. “What Makes Plants Grow?”. Accessed July 12, 2017.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/4h/4H36000.pdf
Virginia Department of Education. “Plant Adaptations.” Accessed July 12, 2017.
http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/standards_docs/science/2010/lesson_plans/grade4/life_proc
esses/sess_4.4d.pdf