APPROACHES TO
PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS
PRESENTED BY:
AKANSHA BHARGAVA
ANUSHKA KAPOOR
APARAJITA YADUVANSHI
DEEPIKA JEEVNANI
DIAGNOSIS IS THE FACT-FINDING PHASE, WHICH PRODUCES
A PICTURE OF THE SITUATION THROUGH INTERVIEWS,
OBSERVATIONS, QUESTIONNAIRES, EXAMINATION OF
ORGANIZATION DOCUMENTS
THIS PHASE HAS FOLLOWING STEPS:
• COLLECTING INFORMATION
• ANALYZING IT AND
• GIVING FEEDBACK
ORGANIZATION DIAGNOSIS
FOCUSES ITS ATTENTION ON 2
AREAS:
attention on 2
areas
Sub-systems
Top
manageme
nt Departments
Groups
Individual units
Organizational
process
Decision
making
Communicati
on patterns
Interfacing
relationships
between groups
Conflict
management
Setting goals and
planning patterns
STRATEGIES OF ORGANIZATION
DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTATION
• TRUST BUILDING
• CREATING READINESS FOR CHANGE
• MODELS OF ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT
• T – GROUP TRAINING
• IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL INTERVENTION
1. TRUST BUILDING
• TRUST CAN LEAD TO COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG
INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, AND ORGANIZATIONS.
• FOR EXAMPLE, MANY ORGANIZATIONS HAVE SOUGHT TO
INCREASE COOPERATION BETWEEN PEOPLE AND
GROUPS BY REENGINEERING THEIR STRUCTURES INTO
FLATTER, MORE TEAM-BASED FORMS, IN WHICH AUTHORITY IS
DECENTRALIZED TO “EMPOWERED” LOWER-LEVEL
EMPLOYEES.
2. CREATING READINESS FOR
CHANGE
• READINESS, WHICH IS SIMILAR TO LEWIN’S (1951)
CONCEPT OF
UNFREEZING
IS REFLECTED IN ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS’ BELIEFS,
ATTITUDES, AND INTENTIONS REGARDING THE EXTENT TO
WHICH CHANGES ARE NEEDED AND THE ORGANIZATION’S
CAPACITY TO SUCCESSFULLY MAKE THOSE CHANGES.
3. MODELS OF ORGANIZATION
DEVELOPMENT
• THE INFLUENCE OF A SUPERIOR OVER A SUBORDINATE.
• THIS KIND OF INFLUENCE IN THE FORM OF ONE HAVING
POWER OVER ANOTHER IS A CENTRAL FOCUS IN MUCH
OF OUR TRADITIONAL LEADERSHIP RESEARCH AND
TRAINING.
• UPWARD POWER REFERS TO ATTEMPTS BY
SUBORDINATES TO INFLUENCE THEIR SUPERIORS.
4. T – GROUP TRAINING
• EFFORTS TO IMPROVE GROUP FUNCTIONING THROUGH
TRAINING HAVE TRADITIONALLY EMPHASIZED
THE TRAINING OF GROUP LEADERSHIP. AND FREQUENTLY
THIS TRAINING HAS BEEN DIRECTED TOWARD THE
IMPROVEMENT OF THE SKILLS OF THE LEADER IN
TRANSMITTING INFORMATION AND IN MANIPULATING
GROUPS.
5. IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL
INTERVENTION
• COMPETING CHANGE STRATEGIES ARE NOT REALLY
DIFFERENT WAYS OF DOING THE SAME THING-SOME MORE
EFFECTIVE AND SOME LESS EFFECTIVE-BUT RATHER
• THAT THEY ARE DIFFERENT WAYS OF DOING DIFFERENT
THINGS.
• THEY TOUCH THE INDIVIDUAL,
• THE GROUP,
• OR THE ORGANIZATION
• THIS DIMENSION HAS THE ADVANTAGE THAT IT IS RELATIVELY
EASY TO RANK CHANGE STRATEGIES UPON IT AND TO GET
FAIRLY CLOSE CONSENSUS AS TO THE RANKING.
Approaches to problem diagnosis

Approaches to problem diagnosis

  • 1.
    APPROACHES TO PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS PRESENTEDBY: AKANSHA BHARGAVA ANUSHKA KAPOOR APARAJITA YADUVANSHI DEEPIKA JEEVNANI
  • 2.
    DIAGNOSIS IS THEFACT-FINDING PHASE, WHICH PRODUCES A PICTURE OF THE SITUATION THROUGH INTERVIEWS, OBSERVATIONS, QUESTIONNAIRES, EXAMINATION OF ORGANIZATION DOCUMENTS
  • 3.
    THIS PHASE HASFOLLOWING STEPS: • COLLECTING INFORMATION • ANALYZING IT AND • GIVING FEEDBACK
  • 4.
    ORGANIZATION DIAGNOSIS FOCUSES ITSATTENTION ON 2 AREAS: attention on 2 areas Sub-systems Top manageme nt Departments Groups Individual units Organizational process Decision making Communicati on patterns Interfacing relationships between groups Conflict management Setting goals and planning patterns
  • 5.
    STRATEGIES OF ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION •TRUST BUILDING • CREATING READINESS FOR CHANGE • MODELS OF ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT • T – GROUP TRAINING • IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL INTERVENTION
  • 6.
    1. TRUST BUILDING •TRUST CAN LEAD TO COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, AND ORGANIZATIONS. • FOR EXAMPLE, MANY ORGANIZATIONS HAVE SOUGHT TO INCREASE COOPERATION BETWEEN PEOPLE AND GROUPS BY REENGINEERING THEIR STRUCTURES INTO FLATTER, MORE TEAM-BASED FORMS, IN WHICH AUTHORITY IS DECENTRALIZED TO “EMPOWERED” LOWER-LEVEL EMPLOYEES.
  • 7.
    2. CREATING READINESSFOR CHANGE • READINESS, WHICH IS SIMILAR TO LEWIN’S (1951) CONCEPT OF UNFREEZING IS REFLECTED IN ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS’ BELIEFS, ATTITUDES, AND INTENTIONS REGARDING THE EXTENT TO WHICH CHANGES ARE NEEDED AND THE ORGANIZATION’S CAPACITY TO SUCCESSFULLY MAKE THOSE CHANGES.
  • 8.
    3. MODELS OFORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT • THE INFLUENCE OF A SUPERIOR OVER A SUBORDINATE. • THIS KIND OF INFLUENCE IN THE FORM OF ONE HAVING POWER OVER ANOTHER IS A CENTRAL FOCUS IN MUCH OF OUR TRADITIONAL LEADERSHIP RESEARCH AND TRAINING. • UPWARD POWER REFERS TO ATTEMPTS BY SUBORDINATES TO INFLUENCE THEIR SUPERIORS.
  • 9.
    4. T –GROUP TRAINING • EFFORTS TO IMPROVE GROUP FUNCTIONING THROUGH TRAINING HAVE TRADITIONALLY EMPHASIZED THE TRAINING OF GROUP LEADERSHIP. AND FREQUENTLY THIS TRAINING HAS BEEN DIRECTED TOWARD THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE SKILLS OF THE LEADER IN TRANSMITTING INFORMATION AND IN MANIPULATING GROUPS.
  • 10.
    5. IMPACT OFORGANIZATIONAL INTERVENTION • COMPETING CHANGE STRATEGIES ARE NOT REALLY DIFFERENT WAYS OF DOING THE SAME THING-SOME MORE EFFECTIVE AND SOME LESS EFFECTIVE-BUT RATHER • THAT THEY ARE DIFFERENT WAYS OF DOING DIFFERENT THINGS. • THEY TOUCH THE INDIVIDUAL, • THE GROUP, • OR THE ORGANIZATION • THIS DIMENSION HAS THE ADVANTAGE THAT IT IS RELATIVELY EASY TO RANK CHANGE STRATEGIES UPON IT AND TO GET FAIRLY CLOSE CONSENSUS AS TO THE RANKING.

Editor's Notes

  • #4 Feedback represents returning the analyzed information to the client system
  • #11 in different aspects of their functioning. They require differing kinds and amounts of commitment on the part of the client for them to be successful, and they demand different varieties and levels of skills and abilities on the part of the practitioner. Strategies which touch the more deep, personal, private, and central aspects of the individual or his relationships with others fall toward the deeper end of this continuum. Strategies which deal with more external aspects of the individual and which focus on the more formal and public aspects of role behavior tend to fall toward the surface end of the depth dimension