1. Fertilizers are substances added to soil to nourish plants and help them grow. This document discusses applying basal fertilizer, which involves applying fertilizer before planting. 2. It provides instructions on calculating fertilizer requirements based on crop needs and the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in different fertilizer products. 3. The document emphasizes safely applying the right amount of fertilizer, whether organic or inorganic, according to methods like broadcasting, row application, and banding.

1. APPLYING BASAL
FERTILIZER

2. Introduction
Fertilizers are food to plants. They nourish the plants and make them grow vigorously to
withstand the adverse effects of climate, weather and pests.
In this Learning Activity, you will know how to feed your plants so that you can achieve the
maximum produce you are hoping from your crops.

3. Learning Competency
Lesson 7: Perform land preparation
LO 1: Perform Land Preparation
1.6. Apply basal fertilizer based on crop
requirement
1.7. Follow safety procedures for fertilizer
application
according to OHS standards.
Code: TLE_AFAACP9-12PLCR-Iva-f21

4. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
familiarize with the kinds of fertilizers;
compute the amount of fertilizer to be applied at a
given area;
apply basal fertilizer; and
follow OHS standards in handling fertilizers.

5. Review
How much do you know about our topic for today? Let us try to find out. Do the following
activity.
Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form a word as described in the following
statements. Write your answer on your paper.
f t i i l r z e e r 1. A substance added to the soil to improve its
capacity to nourish plants.
L a s a b 2. It is process of applying fertilizer whereby the
application is done before planting.
n e r g e 3. The plowing under of leguminous crops increase
a r e n u m fertility of the soil.
n i c a r o g i n 4. Examples of theses fertilizers are Urea, complete
of ammonium sulfate and also known as
commercial fertilizers.
j s c u i e 5. These are extracts from fruits or plant parts.

6. Discussion
Fertilizers are substances added to the soil that
increase its ability to nourish plants or crops. Fertilized soil
enables farmers to grow better and more crops. Plants absorb
from the soil sixteen nutrients in order to grow normally.
These nutrients are oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron,
manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, sodium and
chlorine.

7. Soil nutrients exist in two forms: available and
unavailable. Available nutrients are ready for
absorption to plants. The unavailable nutrients
are those present in the soil but cannot be used
by plants as food. They have to be either
subjected to natural weathering, or be acted upon
by soil microbes to become available for plant use.

8. Kinds Of Fertilizers

9. 1.Organic or Natural Fertilizers- these are
taken from plant and animal wastes and include animal
manure, green manure, plant juices, compost, and
vermicasts.

10. a. Animal manure. Animal manures are especially
valuable in farm crop production for, in addition to plant food,
they supply large amounts of organic matter to the soil. The
composition depends chiefly on the kind of manure and the
condition of their storage. Well-decomposed manure is better
than fresh.
b. Green manures are green growing plants that are plowed
under. Upon their decomposition, the plant food they contain
become available to other plants. Green manure only supplies
the available nutrients they have to the plant.

11. c. Plant juices are extracts from plants used as fertilizers.
d. Compost is an organic material consisting of very fine, thoroughly
rotted manure, plant parts, and other organic matter. It is prepared by
piling up animal manure, soil, crop residues, lime or wood ashes.
e. Vermicast (also called worm castings, worm humus, worm manure,
or worm feces) is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by
earthworms.

12. 2. Inorganic Fertilizer also called commercial fertilizer. They are
concentrated form of plant food which maybe complete or incomplete. A
complete fertilizer contains all the three macro elements (NPK). An
incomplete fertilizer contains only one or two of these elements – N, P or K.
Commercial fertilizers are manufactured to meet the demands of
different crops and different soil types. They provide the plants with the same
element found in an organic fertilizer but continuous use will lead to
disastrous results. The soil becomes deficient in organic matter and losses
friability and its ability to resist drought. Commercial fertilizers should be
used as supplement but never as replacements for compost and manures.

13. Methods of Applying
Fertilizer

14. 1.Broadcasting- As a rule commercial fertilizer
should be broadcast and thoroughly mixed with the
soil by harrowing as a basal application. This is
usually practiced in rice culture or even in sweet
potato culture.
2.Row application – the application is done
in rows or between the plants in rows. Never
allow a contact of the fertilizer with the roots of
the plants.

15. 3. Band application – fertilizer is applied a few
centimeters around each plant.
4. Side dressing or top dressing- Fertilizer is applied to
complete the amount required
5. Foliar Application. It should be applied in the early
morning when the air is cool. Spray plants until you see
the mixture dripping from the leaves. Add dishwashing
soap to the foliar spray to help the solution stick to the
leaves. Do not forget to spray the underside of leaves as
well.

16. Factors in Determining the
Amount of Fertilizer
Needed

17. 1.The kind of soils and their fertility. Inorganic soils respond to
Nitrogen, phosphorus and Potassium. Organic soils require large amount
of potash and phosphorus; less nitrogen, while acidic soils respond to
lime and magnesium.
2.The kinds of crops. Different species and varieties of crops need
different kinds and amounts of fertilizers.
3.The economic results. The income that maybe derived should be more
than the expenses for fertilizers to be put in.
4.The method of application. Lesser amount is needed in application if
this is done in bands or rows rather than by broadcasting.
5.Weather condition or seasons. A larger amount is needed during the
rainy season than the other times because of possible losses due to
flooding.

18. Computation of Fertilizer
Requirements

19. The amount of fertilizer to be applied per hectare to supply a certain
amount of plant nutrient depends on the composition of the fertilizer material
to be used.
Fertilizer rates are expressed in kilograms of Nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid
(P2O5), and potash (K2O) per hectare. Another is by bags of fertilizer material
per hectare. In either case, convert the kilograms of nitrogen needed to
kilograms of ammonium sulfate or urea to meet the nitrogen requirements.
Suppose a fertilizer rate of 90-60-30 is recommended. This means that in
one hectare, 90 kg. of nitrogen, 60 kg. of phosphoric acid, and 30 kg of
potash are needed. To translate this recommendation into either bags or
kilograms per hectare, here is what to do:

20. Sample problem: How many kilograms of urea,
solophos, and muriate of potash is needed per hectare?
Given:
Urea= 45-0-0
Solophos= 0-20-0
Muriate of potash = 0-0-60
Recommended rate = 90-60-30

21. Formula#1

22. Weight of Urea:
= 90 kg x 100
45
= 90 kg
.45
= 200 kg of urea
Weight of Solophos:
= 60 kg x 100
20
= 60 kg
.20
= 300 kg of solophos
Weight of Muriate of potash:
= 30 kg x 100
60
= 30 kg
.60
= 50 kg of solophos

23. To determine the number of bags needed per fertilizer, we use the following formula:
Number of bags of Urea:
= 200 kg
50kg/bag
= 4 bags of urea
Number of bags of Solophos:
= 300 kg
50kg/bag
= 6 ag of solophos
Number of bags of Muriate of potash:
= 50 kg
50kg/bag
= 1 bag of solophos

24. Compute the following on a sheet of paper.
Show your solution Calculate the number of kilograms needed of
ammonium sulfate (21% N or 21 – 0 – 0), super phosphate (20%
P2O5 or 0 – 20 – 0) and muriate of potash (60% K2O or 0 – 0 – 60) to
meet the 90 – 60 – 30 fertilizer recommendation.
EVALUATION

25. Compute the following on your answer sheet. Show your solution, the fertilizer
recommendation for the growth of pechay is 3 tons of organic fertilizer combined with 135-
90-90 kg/ha. of inorganic fertilizer. Compute for the amount of Nitrogen to use in
kilograms if the find of fertilizer to apply is urea with a grade of 46-0-0.
Please write your answer in a 1 whole sheet of paper to be past next meeting.
ASSIGNMENT

26. General tips In Applying Fertilizer
1. All fertilizers should preferably be applied before sowing.
2. Fertilizer should preferably be broadcasted uniformly and harrowed in.
3. All fertilizers that contain soluble phosphate are preferably be applied in wide bands of
between 2.5 to 5 cm on each side of the rows of seeds at a depth of 10-15 cm.
4. The superphosphate fertilizer should preferably be mixed with farmyard manure.
5. Fertilizer types that include sulfate of ammonia could be used as a top dressing but do not
apply this type of fertilize when the leaves of the plants are wet.
6. The application of fertilizer is preferably followed by watering when applied to irrigated
crops.
7. When fertilizing fruit trees, the fertilizer is applied to the soil under the crown. The crown
is the area about few meters from the trunk.
8. Always use rubber gloves and face mask or PPE in handling fertilizers.

27. Procedure in storing Fertilizers/Chemicals
1. Assess the quantity and duration of the chemical to be stored as well as
toxicity and stability.
2. Store in well-ventilated, well-lit lockable shed that’s has an impervious
floor and shelving and flood-free.
3. Check the label for advice about storage.
4. Store away from respirators, protective clothing and equipment.
5. Store the fertilizers/chemicals in their original containers, with labels
intact.
6. Remove combustible materials near the storage area.
7. Ensure fire-fighting equipment such as fire extinguisher, sand, or
supplies of water is available and accessible in the area.

28. Activities
Guided Practice 1
Answer the following questions. Write your answer on your paper.
1. What are the two kinds of fertilizers? Give examples.
2. How do you apply fertilizer?
3. What is the formula in computing the fertilizer requirement in kilograms?
Guided Practice 2
Calculate the number of kilograms needed of ammonium sulfate (21% N or 21 – 0 – 0), super
phosphate (20% P2O5 or 0 – 20 – 0) and muriate of potash (60% K2O or 0 – 0 – 60) to meet
the 90 – 60 – 30 fertilizer recommendation. Show your solutions. Write your answer on your
paper.
Independent Practice
The plot you constructed in the previous activity is 1 meter X 5 meters or equivalent to
5 m2. Apply complete fertilizer using basal method in the plot in preparation for planting.
Consider the area and the computation of amount of fertilizer to use, using recommended rate
as 90-60-30.

29. Reflection
Complete the statements below:
1.Fertilizers are needed by plants to…
2.Safety in handling fertilizers is observed
when…
3.The topic that I need to master is….