This document provides a syllabus for an Advanced Placement Chemistry course. It outlines the course goals, which include preparing students to receive a score of 3 or higher on the AP exam. The course will cover topics equivalent to a full year of college general chemistry. It is a rigorous course that requires significant time commitment outside of class. The syllabus details course policies on attendance, grading, materials needed, and the schedule of topics to be covered throughout the year.
K to 12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (STEM) Curriculum Guide in General Chemistry (with...EngineerPH EducatorPH
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
K to 12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (STEM) Curriculum Guide in General Chemistry (with...EngineerPH EducatorPH
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in Senior High School (STEM) Gene...EngineerPH EducatorPH
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in Senior High School (STEM) Gene...EngineerPH EducatorPH
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/General-Chemistry-1-and-2.pdf
General Chemistry
GenChem
STEM
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2
Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1
Matter and Its Properties
Measurements
Atoms, Molecules and Ions
Stoichiometry
Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions and chemical equations
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Gases
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Gas stoichiometry
Kinetic molecular theory of gases
Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1
Electronic Structure of Atoms
Electronic Structure and Periodicity
Chemical Bonding
Organic compounds
Quarter 3 – General Chemistry 2
Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Solutions
Thermochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Quarter 4 – General Chemistry 2
Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Equilibrium
Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt Equilibria
Electrochemistry
What are the Important Topics in B.Sc Chemistry Curriculum for 1st Year Student?Lingaya's Vidyapeeth
Embarking on the journey of a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) in Chemistry opens up a fascinating world of molecules, reactions, and scientific exploration. For first-year students, understanding the foundational topics is crucial. We delve into the essential topics that form the cornerstone of the B.Sc Chemistry curriculum for the inaugural year.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
1. Megonigal’s AP CHEMISTRY COURSE SYLLABUS
2012-2013
Megonigale@calvertnet.k12.md.us/ apchem2012-13.blogspot.com
OVERVIEW
Advanced Placement Chemistry is a course designed to prepare students for the AP Chemistry exam. The course covers the
equivalent of two semesters (8 credit hours) of college level General Chemistry. It is a rigorous math-based course, with a significant
laboratory component. It is intended for students who are willing to commit considerable time to studying and completing
assignments outside of class. This course will expand upon topics learned in Honors Chemistry such as bonding, stoichiometry and
reactions but will also introduce new topics such as kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics and electrochemistry.
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
1. Each student will take the AP Chemistry exam AND will receive a 3 or better on it.
2. The student will understand the principles of Chemistry covered in the course content.
3. The student will communicate chemical ideas.
4. The student will identify and utilize a framework for acquiring new knowledge in science.
5. The student will develop a balanced creative, intuitive, and analytical approach to problem solving.
PHILOSOPHY
I am very excited that you have chosen to take on the challenge of a college-level class in high school. In this course, you may find
that you have never worked so hard at school before and are unable to enjoy some of the outside activities you are used to doing.
You may also find that your friends are not investing as much time into school as you are, but I hope you realize you are investing in
yourself! Your time and effort will pay off and no one can take away from you. Many young adults do poorly their first year of
college because they underestimate the amount of effort needed to be successful. You are beginning that journey now. Unlike
college though, you will be in a much smaller class and will have the benefit of an instructor who is readily available.
RESPONSIBILITY
My mission is to conduct a learning environment that will encourage all students to achieve beyond their expectations, and to
expand their potential through success and positive reinforcement. I have high expectations for you and me.
As students taking such an advanced course, it is critical to develop successful study habits right away. I recommend the following:
1. Form a study group that meets on a regular basis (after school, on weekends, during lunch, etc…)
2. Give 100% when completing assignments and do not take short cuts. We move too quickly and you will fall behind.
3. Do not procrastinate.
4. Read the chapter(s) prior to starting a new topic – this includes reading tables/graphs and example problems
5. Spend a minimum of 5 hours per week outside of the classroom studying, reading and practicing (from the College Board).
RULES
Each student is required to adhere to the following rules in order to create and maintain a positive learning environment for all
students at all times.
1. Follow directions the first time given.
2. Arrive to class on time and prepared with: pen/ pencil, notebook/ binder, covered textbook, and calculator.
3. Food and drink are not permitted in the laboratory setting.
4. Refrain from the use of inappropriate behavior such as: the use of profanity, fighting, horseplay, the disregard for safety, and
the disregard for authority.
5. Absolutely no cheating.
MATERIALS
1. Pencils and erasers
2. Scientific or graphing calculator (TI-83/84 OR TI-83/84 Plus)
3. ORGANIZED binder for this class only AND a composition notebook
4. COVERED TEXTBOOK (Zumdahl, S.S. Chemistry, 6th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2003)
5. WebAssign Account (used to access all homework assignments – must be set up on your own)
2. GRADE
The AP exam is graded on correctness, which will be the standard for this class. Student evaluation is based on a percentage system.
Every evaluation is worth a certain amount of points within the fixed value category. Students will be evaluated as defined below.
1. Tests and Quizzes: Category weight is 85%. A test will be given at the completion of each unit. Quizzes will be used as needed
to check for understanding. These assessment activities will be in the same format that is used on the AP exam: multiple choice,
short answer, and problem-solving.
2. Homework/Problem Sets: Category weight is 15%. Problem sets will be assigned with each topic. Students will typically have
two to four school nights to complete the assignment. Homework assignments on Webassign.net will be graded by
Webassign. Homework I check will receive full credit, half credit, or no credit based on effort and clarity of solutions.
3. Reassessments will be offered at the teacher’s discretion based on overall class performance on chapter exams.
ATTENDANCE
The nature of science classes demands perfect, or near perfect, attendance in order to perform well. Each day’s course work will be
an extension of the previous day’s lesson. Thus, it is very important to be present for as many days as possible. In order to stay
caught up, adhere to the following set of procedures.
1. When absent each student is required to complete any missed work/notes (check with a buddy).
2. All work due on the first day of an absence is to be turned in the first day back.
3. Tests and quizzes taken on the first day absent are to be taken the first day back.
4. Students absent 3 or more days must develop a timetable with the teacher for completing the missing work.
5. Tests, quizzes and laboratory experiments will be made up before school, after school, or during the student’s lunch period.
6. Webassign homework is still due at the posted time when you are absent.
7. Cheating and/ or plagiarism will result in a grade of zero.
COURSE SEQUENCE by Textbook Chapter
Topic Text Reference
Summer Assignment: Review of Honors Chemistry* Chapters 1, 2 and 3
Types of Chemical Reactions and
Solution Stoichiometry* Chapter 4
Gases* Chapter 5
Thermochemistry* Chapter 6
Chemical Kinetics Chapter 12
Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 13
Acids and Bases Chapter 14
Applications of Aqueous Equilibrium Chapter 15
Thermodynamics
(Spontaneity, Entropy and Free Energy) Chapter 16
Electrochemistry Chapter 17
Properties of Solutions Chapter 11
Liquids and Solids Chapter 10
Atomic Structure and Periodicity Chapter 7
Bonding Chapters 8 and 9
Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 18
Organic Chemistry Chapter 22
3. * means on the Midterm exam.
AP test is scheduled for Monday, May 6th, 2013
4. 5. Atomic Structure and Bonding
Outline Chapter 7, 8, 9
AP Topics by Chapter in Zumdahl a. historic overview of atomic model
b. modern atomic models
1. Measurement, Particles of Matter, Stoichiometry c. orbitals
Chapter 1, 2, 3 d. quantum numbers
a. units of measurement, unit conversion e. periodic trends
b. uncertainty, error analysis f. electronegativity
c. classification of matter g. covalent, ionic, metallic bonding
d. subatomic particles, characterizing atoms h. Lewis structures, vsepr, molecular geometry
e. periodic table i. resonance, bond order
f. naming compounds j. hybridization
2. Chemical Reactions, Solution Stoichiometry 6. Phases of Matter
Chapter 4 Chapter 5, 10, 11
a. atomic masses, mole theory a. gas laws
b. percent composition b. particle velocity
c. empirical and molecular formulas c. deviation from ideality
d. balancing equations, types of reactions d. intermolecular forces, hydrogen bonding, dipole,
e. stoichiometric calculations, mass, moles, density, LDF
limiting reagents, percent yield e. liquids
f. solids
4. Chemical Equilibrium, Acids and Bases, g. crystal structures, molecular solids, alloys
Aqueous Equilibria h. phase changes, triple point curves
Chapter 13, 14, 15 i. solutions
j. vapor pressure, colligative properties
a. Characteristics of equilibrium
b. equilibrium expressions and constants 7. Chemical Kinetics
c. heterogeneous equilibrium Chapter 12
d. Reaction quotients a. reaction rates
e. Le Chatelier’s principle b. rate laws, differential and integrated
f. acid base models: Arrhenius/Bronsted /Lewis c. half life
g. acid base strength and Ka Kb d. reaction mechanisms
h. amphoteric substances e. Activation energy and catalysts
i. calculations of pH
j. polyprotic acids 8. Electrochemistry
k. acid base properties of salts, oxides Chapter 17
l. common ion effect a. cells
m. buffers b. standard reduction potentials
n. titrations c. cell potential and free energy
o. solubility and Ksp d. Nernst equation
p. pH and solubility e. electrolysis
q. complex ion equilibria
9. Nuclear Chemistry
4. Thermochemistry Chapter 18
Chapter 6, 16 a. nuclear stability and radioactive decay
a. laws of thermodynamics b. half life
b. enthalpy c. fission and fusion
c. calorimetry d. nuclear reactions
d. Hess’s law
e. Standard enthalpies of formation 10. Organic Chemistry
f. Enthalpies of combustion Chapter 22
g. Spontaneous processes and entropy a. alkanes, alkynes, alkenes, aromatics
h. Gibbs Free energy b. isomerism
i. Free energy and equilibrium c. functional groups: alcohols, acids, amines, ethers,
halide, aldehydes, ketones and esters
d. reactions and polymerization
11. Descriptive Chemistry: Predicting Products
5. Seven Ways for Students to Maximize Their Scores on
AP Free Response Questions
1. Read all questions in a specific section to determine which ones can be answered the best.
2. Write answers and do all work for each question or problem in the appropriate pages in the answer booklet.
3. Show ALL work.
Partial credit is given for partial solutions to problems.
Little or no credit is given for an answer alone (even if correct).
4. Provide units for numerical answers and use units to solve problems.
Numbers mean little when not accompanied by units.
Dimensional analysis with units may help solve problems.
5. Report answers to the correct number of significant figures.
6. Organize answers as clearly and neatly as possible, showing each step. (Little credit may be earned if a reader cannot follow the
reasoning involved)
7. Answer each part in a multi-part question since credit for each part is awarded separately. (It is often possible to receive full credit
for later parts if they are done correctly, even when no credit is earned for an earlier part.)