Antigen antibody for bph class
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
11 likes•244 views
The document discusses various types of antigen-antibody reactions: 1) Precipitation reactions occur when antigen is mixed with antibodies. 2) Agglutination reactions cause particulate antigens to clump together when mixed with antibodies in the presence of electrolytes. Common examples are blood grouping and detection of typhoid. 3) Neutralization reactions involve antitoxins neutralizing toxins. Examples include toxigenicity tests and the Schick test.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Antigen antibody reactions
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions. It begins by defining antigen-antibody reactions as the specific interaction between antigens and antibodies. It then describes the three stages of antigen-antibody reactions: initial formation of antigen-antibody complexes, followed by visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and finally neutralization or destruction of antigens. The document also discusses various types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, and immunoassays. It provides examples of applications of antigen-antibody reactions like disease detection, identification of bacteria, and standardization of toxins.
Anigen antiboy reactions
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions and various tests used to detect antigens and antibodies. It describes the components of plasma including antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD). It also discusses the functions of antibodies in neutralizing toxins/viruses, opsonization, complement activation, and preventing microbial attachment. Various factors that affect antigen-antibody reactions like affinity, avidity, antigen-antibody ratio are also described. Finally, it summarizes different types of tests used to detect antigens and antibodies including precipitation tests, agglutination, ELISA, immunofluorescence, complement fixation, radioimmunoassay, and neutralization tests.
Serology - Prac. Microbiology
This document discusses various direct and indirect methods used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Direct methods involve detecting the pathogen itself through microscopy, culture techniques, or molecular methods on a specimen. Indirect methods involve detecting the immune response to the pathogen through serology techniques like detecting IgM or rising titers of IgG antibodies. It then discusses various antigen-antibody reactions that can be used for serological diagnosis, including agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, viral neutralization, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and radioimmunoassay.
Antigen –antibody reaction (Part :01)
The document summarizes antigen-antibody reactions. It describes how antigens stimulate the production of antibodies. There are three main stages to antigen-antibody reactions: interaction without visible effects, formation of visible precipitates or agglutination, and neutralization or destruction of antigens. The document also discusses immune complexes, specificity, binding sites, forces, properties, types of reactions including precipitation, agglutination, and applications of these reactions in diagnosing diseases.
Antigen antibody reactions
This document discusses immunity and antigen-antibody reactions. It begins with definitions of immunity, antigens, and antibodies. It describes the components of the immune system including antigen specificity and types of antigens. It then explains antigen-antibody reactions and how they are used for diagnostic tests. Different diagnostic tests are also summarized, including precipitation reactions, agglutination, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and ELISA. Potential sources of markers for periodontal disease activity are also listed.
ag ab reaction
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions. Antigens induce an immune response and antibodies neutralize pathogens. Antigen-antibody reactions occur specifically between antigens and antibodies. These reactions form the basis of immunity and are used in blood banking. The reactions occur in three stages - antigen-antibody complex formation, visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and antigen destruction or neutralization.
Antigen antibody reaction
The document defines antigen and antibody, and describes their interaction known as the antigen-antibody reaction. It discusses the types and properties of antigens, the structure and classes of immunoglobulins which are antibodies, and techniques used to detect the antigen-antibody reaction such as precipitation, agglutination, and specific tests like the VDRL test and Widal test. The antigen-antibody reaction is highly specific and results in the binding or clumping of antigens with their corresponding antibodies.
Ag-Ab reactions Microbiology
The document discusses antigen-antibody interactions, including:
1. An antigen is a molecule that induces an immune response and produces antibodies, while an antibody is a protein produced by plasma cells to neutralize pathogens.
2. Types of antigen-antibody reactions include agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, and opsonization.
3. Agglutination occurs when antibodies cross-link antigens, forming visible clumps. It is used in blood typing and detecting various diseases.
Recommended
Antigen antibody reactions
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions. It begins by defining antigen-antibody reactions as the specific interaction between antigens and antibodies. It then describes the three stages of antigen-antibody reactions: initial formation of antigen-antibody complexes, followed by visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and finally neutralization or destruction of antigens. The document also discusses various types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, and immunoassays. It provides examples of applications of antigen-antibody reactions like disease detection, identification of bacteria, and standardization of toxins.
Anigen antiboy reactions
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions and various tests used to detect antigens and antibodies. It describes the components of plasma including antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD). It also discusses the functions of antibodies in neutralizing toxins/viruses, opsonization, complement activation, and preventing microbial attachment. Various factors that affect antigen-antibody reactions like affinity, avidity, antigen-antibody ratio are also described. Finally, it summarizes different types of tests used to detect antigens and antibodies including precipitation tests, agglutination, ELISA, immunofluorescence, complement fixation, radioimmunoassay, and neutralization tests.
Serology - Prac. Microbiology
This document discusses various direct and indirect methods used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Direct methods involve detecting the pathogen itself through microscopy, culture techniques, or molecular methods on a specimen. Indirect methods involve detecting the immune response to the pathogen through serology techniques like detecting IgM or rising titers of IgG antibodies. It then discusses various antigen-antibody reactions that can be used for serological diagnosis, including agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, viral neutralization, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and radioimmunoassay.
Antigen –antibody reaction (Part :01)
The document summarizes antigen-antibody reactions. It describes how antigens stimulate the production of antibodies. There are three main stages to antigen-antibody reactions: interaction without visible effects, formation of visible precipitates or agglutination, and neutralization or destruction of antigens. The document also discusses immune complexes, specificity, binding sites, forces, properties, types of reactions including precipitation, agglutination, and applications of these reactions in diagnosing diseases.
Antigen antibody reactions
This document discusses immunity and antigen-antibody reactions. It begins with definitions of immunity, antigens, and antibodies. It describes the components of the immune system including antigen specificity and types of antigens. It then explains antigen-antibody reactions and how they are used for diagnostic tests. Different diagnostic tests are also summarized, including precipitation reactions, agglutination, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and ELISA. Potential sources of markers for periodontal disease activity are also listed.
ag ab reaction
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions. Antigens induce an immune response and antibodies neutralize pathogens. Antigen-antibody reactions occur specifically between antigens and antibodies. These reactions form the basis of immunity and are used in blood banking. The reactions occur in three stages - antigen-antibody complex formation, visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and antigen destruction or neutralization.
Antigen antibody reaction
The document defines antigen and antibody, and describes their interaction known as the antigen-antibody reaction. It discusses the types and properties of antigens, the structure and classes of immunoglobulins which are antibodies, and techniques used to detect the antigen-antibody reaction such as precipitation, agglutination, and specific tests like the VDRL test and Widal test. The antigen-antibody reaction is highly specific and results in the binding or clumping of antigens with their corresponding antibodies.
Ag-Ab reactions Microbiology
The document discusses antigen-antibody interactions, including:
1. An antigen is a molecule that induces an immune response and produces antibodies, while an antibody is a protein produced by plasma cells to neutralize pathogens.
2. Types of antigen-antibody reactions include agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, and opsonization.
3. Agglutination occurs when antibodies cross-link antigens, forming visible clumps. It is used in blood typing and detecting various diseases.
Immunoprecipitation
Precipitation reactions occur when an antibody and soluble antigen interact in solution, forming a visible precipitate. A precipitin curve can be created by plotting the amount of precipitate formed against increasing concentrations of antigen. Immunoelectrophoresis techniques separate antigens by charge and detect antigen-antibody reactions using precipitation lines formed in an agar gel containing antibodies. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis further separates proteins through two perpendicular rounds of electrophoresis and antibody detection.
Antigen antibody reaction (part: 2)
This document discusses various types of antigen-antibody reactions including precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, and immunodiffusion. It then focuses on the complement fixation test (CFT), providing details on its principle, components, procedure, advantages, and disadvantages. CFT detects antibodies that fix complement by inhibiting lysis of red blood cells. The document also covers immunodiffusion techniques like single and double diffusion involving the movement of antigens and antibodies in gel mediums, forming visible precipitation lines. Related techniques involving an electric field like immunoelectrophoresis and rocket electrophoresis are also summarized.
Antigen - antibody reaction based on medical science
Antigen-antibody reactions involve antigens and antibodies combining specifically. There are two stages: the primary reversible stage and secondary stage producing visible effects like precipitation. Precipitation occurs when large antigen-antibody lattices form in a zone of equivalence between optimally proportioned antigens and antibodies. Various techniques like precipitation, agglutination, immunodiffusion, and electrophoresis tests are used to detect and quantify antigens and antibodies based on these reactions.
Immunotechniques ppt hamsa
This document discusses various immunotechniques used to detect antigens and antibodies, including primary and secondary interactions, precipitation reactions, agglutination tests, radioimmunoassay, ELISA, and Western blotting. Primary interactions involve immune complex formation between antigens and antibodies via non-covalent bonds. Secondary interactions include precipitation, which can be measured via precipitation curves in solution or immunodiffusion/immunoelectrophoresis in gels. Radioimmunoassay and ELISA allow sensitive detection of antigens and antibodies using radioactive or enzyme labels. Western blotting identifies specific proteins separated by electrophoresis.
Ag ab rxns
over view of common antigen antibody reactions, their applications, sensitivity, advantage and disadvantage with pictorial illustrations for postgraduate and undergraduate reading
Antigen Antibody techniques 6 lecture
Antigen and antibody interaction is the basis of serological testing. There are several types of serological tests that detect this interaction, including precipitation, agglutination, hemagglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, hemagglutination inhibition, and immunofluorescence. These tests exploit the formation of antigen-antibody complexes to diagnose diseases, identify pathogens, and detect proteins.
Serological tests ppt2
This document summarizes various serological tests used to detect antigens and antibodies, including:
- Primary tests like ELISA, IFAT, RIA that detect markers
- Secondary tests like agglutination, complement fixation, precipitation that detect interactions
- Tertiary tests that assess protective value of antiserum in animals
It then provides details on specific tests like agglutination, Coombs test, hemagglutination inhibition, precipitation, complement fixation, ELISA and their applications in medicine, food/plant pathology, and quality control.
8 ag ab reactions07
There are several types of tests that can detect the presence of antigens or antibodies based on antigen-antibody reactions, including agglutination tests, precipitation tests, radioimmunoassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and assays using complement. These tests utilize the binding between antigens and antibodies and can be used to qualitatively or quantitatively measure either antigen or antibody levels.
Antigen and antibody reaction
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, including their specificity, the formation of immune complexes, and the non-covalent bonds involved in binding. It describes different types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. It also outlines applications like blood typing, disease detection, immunoassays, and assessing immune deficiencies.
Serological techniques and immune assays
This document discusses various serological and immune assay techniques. It begins by defining serological assays and immune assays. It then describes different types of serological reactions including agglutination (direct, indirect, conglutination, latex agglutination) and precipitation (ring precipitation test, slide precipitation, gel diffusion precipitation, immunoelectrophoresis, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis). The document also discusses immune assays including principles, qualitative vs quantitative assays, and different methods like immunoprecipitation, particle immunoassays, immunonephelometry, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, fluorescent immunoassay, and chemiluminescent immunoassay. It provides examples of using these techniques to detect antigens and antibodies.
Precipitation reaction mahadi ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the A, B, and O blood groups in 1901, establishing the field of serology. Serology studies antigen-antibody reactions in blood serum to detect infections and other conditions. Precipitation tests like immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis detect antigen-antibody interactions by forming visible precipitates in gels like agar. These tests are used diagnostically in microbiology and clinical immunology.
immunology
The document discusses various principles and applications of antigen-antibody interactions, including:
1. Antigen-antibody interactions involve noncovalent bonds between antigens and antibodies, similar to enzyme-substrate interactions.
2. There are four main types of forces involved in antigen-antibody binding - affinity, avidity, specificity, and cross-reactivity.
3. Various techniques are used to detect and measure antigen-antibody interactions, including precipitation reactions, agglutination tests, radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting.
Antigen antibody interaction.pptx jitu
This document provides an overview of antigen-antibody interactions and serological testing. It discusses the specific binding between antigens and antibodies, the formation of immune complexes, and the properties of antigen-antibody reactions including affinity, avidity, cross-reactivity, and specificity. It also describes several types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. The document is intended to guide students in understanding the basics of antigen-antibody interactions and their applications.
2. antigen antibody reaction
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, which form the basis of humoral immunity. It describes how antigens and antibodies specifically bind to each other through non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. This binding occurs between the epitope on the antigen and the paratope on the antibody. Several serological tests that utilize this antigen-antibody binding are also summarized, including precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and radioimmunoassay. These tests have various applications like disease diagnosis, pathogen identification, and blood typing.
Antigen antibody
This document summarizes various antigen-antibody interaction techniques including: precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and alternatives like protein A/G and biotin-avidin interactions. It describes how each technique detects and analyzes the binding between antigens and antibodies through measurements, visualizations, or separations based on properties like molecular weight, charge, or fluorescent labeling.
antigen antibody reactions
This document describes various methods for detecting antigen-antibody reactions, including primary reactions like precipitation and agglutination that are visible to the naked eye, as well as secondary reactions that require labels like enzymes, radioisotopes, or fluorescent substances and can be seen using techniques like immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), Western blotting, and flow cytometry. It provides details on the principles, procedures, applications, and examples of each method.
ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION (in vitro)
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Antigen antibody reaction mahadi ppt
This document outlines the key concepts to be covered in a lecture on antigen-antibody reactions, including:
1. The variable region of immunoglobulins and its interaction with antigenic determinants.
2. The difference between antibody affinity relating to a single Fab region and avidity relating to the total strength of binding of multiple Fab regions.
3. Techniques to be discussed include precipitin curves, immunodiffusion, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and definitions of agglutination and differences between IgM and IgG antibodies.
Antigen –antibody reaction
This document discusses the antigen-antibody reaction. It begins with an introduction that outlines how these reactions form antibody-mediated immunity in the body and help with disease diagnosis and epidemiological surveys in a laboratory setting.
The stages of an antigen-antibody reaction are then described as primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary stage involves an initial, reversible reaction. Secondary stages result in visible effects like precipitation or agglutination. Tertiary stages can lead to neutralization or destruction of infectious agents.
General features of antigen-antibody reactions are provided, including specificity, the involvement of the entire antigen/antibody molecule, and the formation of a firm but reversible surface combination.
antigen antibody interaction
Antigen-antibody interactions depend on four types of noncovalent interactions: hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and vander Waals interactions. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a biochemical technique used to detect the presence of an antibody or antigen in a sample. There are three main types of ELISA: indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA, and competitive ELISA. ELISA is widely used in applications like detecting antibodies and quantifying antigens.
Methods for detecting antigens and antibodies
The document discusses three main methods for detecting antigens and antibodies: agglutination reaction, complement fixation, and ELISA. The agglutination reaction involves particulate antigens clumping together when mixed with their corresponding antibodies. Complement fixation detects antibodies by measuring their ability to fix complement in antigen-antibody complexes. ELISA is an immunoassay that detects and quantifies antigens or antibodies using enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens.
Antigen antibody reactions
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, including:
1) Antigens and antibodies specifically bind to each other through epitopes and paratopes in what is known as the antigen-antibody reaction.
2) This reaction occurs in three stages - formation of antigen-antibody complexes, visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and destruction or neutralization of antigens.
3) Examples of techniques using antigen-antibody reactions include precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. These reactions form the basis of serological tests.
More Related Content
What's hot
Immunoprecipitation
Precipitation reactions occur when an antibody and soluble antigen interact in solution, forming a visible precipitate. A precipitin curve can be created by plotting the amount of precipitate formed against increasing concentrations of antigen. Immunoelectrophoresis techniques separate antigens by charge and detect antigen-antibody reactions using precipitation lines formed in an agar gel containing antibodies. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis further separates proteins through two perpendicular rounds of electrophoresis and antibody detection.
Antigen antibody reaction (part: 2)
This document discusses various types of antigen-antibody reactions including precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, and immunodiffusion. It then focuses on the complement fixation test (CFT), providing details on its principle, components, procedure, advantages, and disadvantages. CFT detects antibodies that fix complement by inhibiting lysis of red blood cells. The document also covers immunodiffusion techniques like single and double diffusion involving the movement of antigens and antibodies in gel mediums, forming visible precipitation lines. Related techniques involving an electric field like immunoelectrophoresis and rocket electrophoresis are also summarized.
Antigen - antibody reaction based on medical science
Antigen-antibody reactions involve antigens and antibodies combining specifically. There are two stages: the primary reversible stage and secondary stage producing visible effects like precipitation. Precipitation occurs when large antigen-antibody lattices form in a zone of equivalence between optimally proportioned antigens and antibodies. Various techniques like precipitation, agglutination, immunodiffusion, and electrophoresis tests are used to detect and quantify antigens and antibodies based on these reactions.
Immunotechniques ppt hamsa
This document discusses various immunotechniques used to detect antigens and antibodies, including primary and secondary interactions, precipitation reactions, agglutination tests, radioimmunoassay, ELISA, and Western blotting. Primary interactions involve immune complex formation between antigens and antibodies via non-covalent bonds. Secondary interactions include precipitation, which can be measured via precipitation curves in solution or immunodiffusion/immunoelectrophoresis in gels. Radioimmunoassay and ELISA allow sensitive detection of antigens and antibodies using radioactive or enzyme labels. Western blotting identifies specific proteins separated by electrophoresis.
Ag ab rxns
over view of common antigen antibody reactions, their applications, sensitivity, advantage and disadvantage with pictorial illustrations for postgraduate and undergraduate reading
Antigen Antibody techniques 6 lecture
Antigen and antibody interaction is the basis of serological testing. There are several types of serological tests that detect this interaction, including precipitation, agglutination, hemagglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, hemagglutination inhibition, and immunofluorescence. These tests exploit the formation of antigen-antibody complexes to diagnose diseases, identify pathogens, and detect proteins.
Serological tests ppt2
This document summarizes various serological tests used to detect antigens and antibodies, including:
- Primary tests like ELISA, IFAT, RIA that detect markers
- Secondary tests like agglutination, complement fixation, precipitation that detect interactions
- Tertiary tests that assess protective value of antiserum in animals
It then provides details on specific tests like agglutination, Coombs test, hemagglutination inhibition, precipitation, complement fixation, ELISA and their applications in medicine, food/plant pathology, and quality control.
8 ag ab reactions07
There are several types of tests that can detect the presence of antigens or antibodies based on antigen-antibody reactions, including agglutination tests, precipitation tests, radioimmunoassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and assays using complement. These tests utilize the binding between antigens and antibodies and can be used to qualitatively or quantitatively measure either antigen or antibody levels.
Antigen and antibody reaction
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, including their specificity, the formation of immune complexes, and the non-covalent bonds involved in binding. It describes different types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. It also outlines applications like blood typing, disease detection, immunoassays, and assessing immune deficiencies.
Serological techniques and immune assays
This document discusses various serological and immune assay techniques. It begins by defining serological assays and immune assays. It then describes different types of serological reactions including agglutination (direct, indirect, conglutination, latex agglutination) and precipitation (ring precipitation test, slide precipitation, gel diffusion precipitation, immunoelectrophoresis, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis). The document also discusses immune assays including principles, qualitative vs quantitative assays, and different methods like immunoprecipitation, particle immunoassays, immunonephelometry, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, fluorescent immunoassay, and chemiluminescent immunoassay. It provides examples of using these techniques to detect antigens and antibodies.
Precipitation reaction mahadi ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the A, B, and O blood groups in 1901, establishing the field of serology. Serology studies antigen-antibody reactions in blood serum to detect infections and other conditions. Precipitation tests like immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis detect antigen-antibody interactions by forming visible precipitates in gels like agar. These tests are used diagnostically in microbiology and clinical immunology.
immunology
The document discusses various principles and applications of antigen-antibody interactions, including:
1. Antigen-antibody interactions involve noncovalent bonds between antigens and antibodies, similar to enzyme-substrate interactions.
2. There are four main types of forces involved in antigen-antibody binding - affinity, avidity, specificity, and cross-reactivity.
3. Various techniques are used to detect and measure antigen-antibody interactions, including precipitation reactions, agglutination tests, radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting.
Antigen antibody interaction.pptx jitu
This document provides an overview of antigen-antibody interactions and serological testing. It discusses the specific binding between antigens and antibodies, the formation of immune complexes, and the properties of antigen-antibody reactions including affinity, avidity, cross-reactivity, and specificity. It also describes several types of antigen-antibody reactions like precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. The document is intended to guide students in understanding the basics of antigen-antibody interactions and their applications.
2. antigen antibody reaction
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, which form the basis of humoral immunity. It describes how antigens and antibodies specifically bind to each other through non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. This binding occurs between the epitope on the antigen and the paratope on the antibody. Several serological tests that utilize this antigen-antibody binding are also summarized, including precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and radioimmunoassay. These tests have various applications like disease diagnosis, pathogen identification, and blood typing.
Antigen antibody
This document summarizes various antigen-antibody interaction techniques including: precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and alternatives like protein A/G and biotin-avidin interactions. It describes how each technique detects and analyzes the binding between antigens and antibodies through measurements, visualizations, or separations based on properties like molecular weight, charge, or fluorescent labeling.
antigen antibody reactions
This document describes various methods for detecting antigen-antibody reactions, including primary reactions like precipitation and agglutination that are visible to the naked eye, as well as secondary reactions that require labels like enzymes, radioisotopes, or fluorescent substances and can be seen using techniques like immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), Western blotting, and flow cytometry. It provides details on the principles, procedures, applications, and examples of each method.
ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION (in vitro)
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Antigen antibody reaction mahadi ppt
This document outlines the key concepts to be covered in a lecture on antigen-antibody reactions, including:
1. The variable region of immunoglobulins and its interaction with antigenic determinants.
2. The difference between antibody affinity relating to a single Fab region and avidity relating to the total strength of binding of multiple Fab regions.
3. Techniques to be discussed include precipitin curves, immunodiffusion, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and definitions of agglutination and differences between IgM and IgG antibodies.
Antigen –antibody reaction
This document discusses the antigen-antibody reaction. It begins with an introduction that outlines how these reactions form antibody-mediated immunity in the body and help with disease diagnosis and epidemiological surveys in a laboratory setting.
The stages of an antigen-antibody reaction are then described as primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary stage involves an initial, reversible reaction. Secondary stages result in visible effects like precipitation or agglutination. Tertiary stages can lead to neutralization or destruction of infectious agents.
General features of antigen-antibody reactions are provided, including specificity, the involvement of the entire antigen/antibody molecule, and the formation of a firm but reversible surface combination.
antigen antibody interaction
Antigen-antibody interactions depend on four types of noncovalent interactions: hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and vander Waals interactions. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a biochemical technique used to detect the presence of an antibody or antigen in a sample. There are three main types of ELISA: indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA, and competitive ELISA. ELISA is widely used in applications like detecting antibodies and quantifying antigens.
What's hot (20)
Antigen - antibody reaction based on medical science
Antigen - antibody reaction based on medical science
Similar to Antigen antibody for bph class
Methods for detecting antigens and antibodies
The document discusses three main methods for detecting antigens and antibodies: agglutination reaction, complement fixation, and ELISA. The agglutination reaction involves particulate antigens clumping together when mixed with their corresponding antibodies. Complement fixation detects antibodies by measuring their ability to fix complement in antigen-antibody complexes. ELISA is an immunoassay that detects and quantifies antigens or antibodies using enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens.
Antigen antibody reactions
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, including:
1) Antigens and antibodies specifically bind to each other through epitopes and paratopes in what is known as the antigen-antibody reaction.
2) This reaction occurs in three stages - formation of antigen-antibody complexes, visible events like precipitation or agglutination, and destruction or neutralization of antigens.
3) Examples of techniques using antigen-antibody reactions include precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. These reactions form the basis of serological tests.
antigenandantibodyreaction-120515041533-phpapp01.pdf
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions, including:
- Antigens and antibodies bind specifically to each other, forming antigen-antibody complexes.
- Antigen-antibody reactions include precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence.
- These reactions have various applications, including blood typing for transfusions, detecting infectious disease exposure, and developing immunoassays.
Antigen antibody interaction .pptx 1
This document summarizes antigen-antibody interactions. It describes how antibodies specifically bind to antigens via epitopes and paratopes. The binding is due to non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. This interaction forms the basis of serological tests like precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation and ELISA, which are used to detect infectious diseases. The document also discusses properties of antigen-antibody reactions like affinity, avidity and specificity.
Ag -Ab reactions 1.ppt
The document discusses various antigen-antibody reactions including precipitation, agglutination, neutralization, complement fixation, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, and immunoblotting. It describes how these reactions work, their applications in laboratory testing and research, and factors like sensitivity and specificity. Key stages of antigen-antibody interactions like primary, secondary and tertiary are also outlined.
Antibody_Antigen_Reactions.pptx antigen antibody reactions
The document discusses antigen-antibody reactions. It describes how antibodies bind specifically to antigens via non-covalent interactions between the antigen's epitope and the antibody's variable region. This specificity allows immunoassays to detect antibodies or antigens for disease diagnosis, immune response monitoring, and identifying molecules of interest. Different types of antigen-antibody reactions are precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, complement fixation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence which are used in various applications like blood typing, disease diagnosis, and quantification of substances.
Antigen Antibody Reactions.pptx
The document summarizes antigen-antibody reactions, including:
1. Antigen-antibody reactions form the basis of immunity against infectious diseases and can lead to tissue injury in some cases. They are useful for diagnosing infections, epidemiological surveys, and identifying antigens.
2. Reactions involve specific binding between epitopes on antigens and paratopes on antibodies. The strength of binding depends on affinity and avidity.
3. Common serological reactions include precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, neutralization, and immunoassays. These reactions can be qualitative or quantitative.
Agglutination
Agglutination is the clumping together of antigens and antibodies. It occurs when the antibodies bind to particulate antigens. This causes the antigens to crosslink and form visible aggregates. Common applications of agglutination tests include blood typing (ABO and Rh), diagnosis of typhoid (Widal test), and identification of antibodies against Rh antigens (Coombs test). The titer or end point of an agglutination test refers to the highest dilution at which antigen-antibody clumping is still visible.
Agglutination test ,antigen antibody reaction
Direct
Passive
Reverse Passive
Agglutination Inhibition
Coagglutination
Agglutination tests can be done :
On slides
In tubes
In microtritation plates
-Difference between precipitation and agglutination reaction.
Ag-Ab Reactions
This document provides an overview of antigen-antibody reactions, including definitions, general features, measurement techniques, types of reactions such as precipitation, agglutination, neutralization, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It describes techniques like precipitation reactions in liquids and gels, single and double diffusion, electrophoresis, latex agglutination, complement fixation, and microtitration agglutination tests. The document outlines the applications and uses of these various antigen-antibody reaction techniques.
Practical immunology.
Immunological tests use antigen-antibody reactions to determine the presence of antigens or antibodies. Some common tests include agglutination tests which cause antigens to clump in the presence of antibodies, hemagglutination tests using red blood cells, precipitation tests forming aggregates, ELISA measuring antibodies or antigens bound to an enzyme, immunofluorescence using fluorescent dyes to identify antigens, and complement fixation testing antigen-antibody activation of complement. These various serological tests are important in the diagnosis of diseases.
Agglutination test class 5.docx.pdf
The document discusses agglutination tests, which detect antibodies or antigens by causing particulate substances like blood cells or bacteria to clump or agglutinate when combined. There are several types of agglutination tests, including direct/active tests where antigens are naturally present on cells/bacteria, indirect/passive tests where known antigens are attached to carriers to detect unknown antibodies, and reverse passive tests where known antibodies are attached to carriers to detect unknown antigens. Common applications of agglutination tests include blood typing, detecting infections like typhoid or brucellosis, and diagnosing conditions like pregnancy or rheumatoid factor.
Antigen antibody reactions
Antigen-antibody reactions involve the binding between antigens and antibodies. This document discusses the properties, mechanisms, and types of antigen-antibody reactions. It describes how antigen-antibody complexes form through primary, secondary, and tertiary stages. Precipitation reactions are commonly used serological tests that form visible precipitates when antigens and antibodies bind. Immunodiffusion techniques like single and double diffusion tests in agar gels are also summarized.
Antigen antibody interaction
This document discusses antigen-antibody reactions including factors that affect their measurement and techniques used to measure them in the lab. Key points covered include: affinity and avidity being measures of strength of antigen-antibody binding; specificity and cross-reactivity relating to reaction with single or multiple antigens; and techniques including precipitation tests, agglutination, ELISA, radioimmunoassay, immunofluorescence, and complement fixation. Both qualitative and quantitative applications are discussed.
Ag ab i (dwd)
Antigen-antibody reactions occur through specific binding between antigens and antibodies. The primary reaction is reversible and detectable through techniques like radioisotopes, while secondary reactions lead to visible effects like precipitation or agglutination. The strength of antigen-antibody binding depends on factors like affinity, avidity, and ratio. Various serological tests exploit antigen-antibody reactions to detect pathogens or antibodies through precipitation, agglutination, or other reactions.
Ag Ab I (Dwd)
Antigen-antibody reactions involve antigens binding specifically to their corresponding antibodies. This occurs through non-covalent bonds and results in either a primary reversible reaction or secondary reactions that produce visible effects like precipitation or agglutination. The strength of antigen-antibody binding depends on affinity, which is the strength between a single antigen site and antibody, and avidity, which is the overall binding strength of multivalent antibodies. Serological tests utilize these antigen-antibody reactions to detect infections or antibodies.
Serological tests
This document describes various serological tests used to detect antigens and antibodies. It discusses primary tests like ELISA, IFAT, and RIA. Secondary tests include agglutination, complement fixation, precipitation, and neutralization tests. Tertiary tests determine antibody protective value. Agglutination tests can qualitatively and quantitatively detect particulate antigens. Coombs tests detect non-agglutinating antibodies. ELISA is then explained in detail, including indirect, sandwich, and competitive formats. ELISA is widely used to detect antigens and antibodies in applications like HIV and food allergen testing.
Serological tests
This document summarizes various serological tests used to detect antigens and antibodies. It describes primary, secondary and tertiary serological tests including ELISA, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay and more. It also details different types of agglutination tests like qualitative and quantitative tests. Additional tests covered are precipitation tests, complement fixation tests, passive hemagglutination and sandwich ELISA. The document provides information on applications and procedures for many antibody and antigen detection techniques.
ELISA.pptx
This document provides an overview of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in blood. It discusses the basic principles of antigen-antibody interactions, the requirements and basic procedure for an ELISA test, and the four main types: direct ELISA, indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA, and competition ELISA. ELISA testing is used to diagnose various infectious diseases and conditions by detecting antibodies produced in response to antigens. The procedure involves immobilizing antigens, adding samples and detection antibodies, conjugating enzymes to antibodies, and measuring color change from substrates to quantify the target protein.
Serological reactions by Dr. Himanshu Khatri
Antigen-antibody reactions can be observed in vitro as serological reactions which are used to identify and quantify antigens or antibodies. There are three stages of antigen-antibody reactions - primary, secondary, and tertiary. The sensitivity and specificity of serological tests are inversely proportional, with sensitivity referring to detecting small quantities and specificity only detecting complementary antigens and antibodies. Common serological reactions include precipitation, agglutination, complement fixation, neutralization, and immunoassays. Measurement of antigens and antibodies involves titration of serial dilutions.
Similar to Antigen antibody for bph class (20)
antigenandantibodyreaction-120515041533-phpapp01.pdf
antigenandantibodyreaction-120515041533-phpapp01.pdf
Antibody_Antigen_Reactions.pptx antigen antibody reactions
Antibody_Antigen_Reactions.pptx antigen antibody reactions
More from RaNa MB
Water soluble vitamis for bph
This document discusses water soluble vitamins. It defines water soluble vitamins and explains that they must be obtained through the diet, as they are not produced in the body and excess amounts are excreted. The document then covers each water soluble vitamin individually - including major dietary sources, recommended daily allowances, functions, and deficiency symptoms. The vitamins discussed are B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C, and folic acid. For each one, the roles of their coenzymes in biochemical reactions are explained. Deficiency diseases like beriberi, pellagra, and scurvy are also detailed.
Vitamin fat soluble bph class
This document discusses the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. It provides details on their dietary sources, functions, deficiency and toxicity symptoms. The key points are:
- Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat soluble and absorbed with fat. They are stored in the liver and adipose tissue.
- Vitamin A supports vision, cholesterol synthesis, reproduction and iron transport. Deficiency causes night blindness and dry eyes. Toxicity above 7.5 mg/day can damage the liver and cause birth defects.
- Vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Deficiency causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Toxicity leads
Vaccine and vaccination. for bph class
Vaccines work by exposing the body to a weakened or killed form of a pathogen. This exposure triggers an immune response and antibody production that provides future protection against the targeted disease. There are several types of vaccines including whole organism, purified components, recombinant, DNA, and subunit vaccines. Proper cold chain storage and transportation between 2-8 degrees Celsius is crucial for maintaining vaccine potency from manufacturer to point of administration via various methods like injection or oral delivery.
Protein bph
Proteins are organic macromolecules made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They range widely in size and function. The fundamental units are 20 different amino acids that make up the primary structure in different sequences. Secondary structures like alpha helices and beta sheets form due to hydrogen bonding of amino acid R groups. Tertiary and quaternary structures arise from further folding and interactions between polypeptide subunits. Proteins have important roles like enzymatic catalysis, transport, structure, regulation and defense. They are classified based on solubility and presence of non-protein groups.
Nucleic acid bph
Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides as building blocks. The two main types are DNA and RNA. DNA stores and carries genetic information determining an organism's genotype. It is found primarily in cell nuclei and exists as a double helix with two strands coiled together in an antiparallel orientation. The base pairing of A-T and G-C hold the strands together. RNA exists in several forms and participates in gene expression. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transports amino acids for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a major component of ribosomes where protein synthesis occurs.
Notes introduction to biochemistry
This document provides an introduction to biochemistry. It defines biochemistry as the study of the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances in living systems. Biochemistry examines the organic compounds that make up living organisms and the processes involved in their metabolism and breakdown. The document outlines the main divisions of biochemistry including structural, dynamic, and functional biochemistry. It also discusses key biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and how they give rise to cellular structures. Finally, the document explores some of the applications and scope of biochemistry in areas like medicine, nutrition, agriculture, and environmental science.
Minerals FOR BPH
Minerals are small, inorganic elements that make up around 3% of the human body weight and serve important structural and functional roles. They can be classified as either principal/macro minerals that constitute 60-80% of inorganic material and include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride and sulfur, or trace/micro minerals that are needed in smaller amounts less than 100 mg per day such as iron, copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, fluorine, selenium and chromium. Minerals are essential components of bones, teeth, blood, enzymes, and participate in many vital metabolic processes in the body.
Lipids bph
Fatty acids are long chain organic acids that are the building blocks of lipids. They contain a carboxyl group and a long hydrocarbon tail. There are different types including saturated, unsaturated, and branched fatty acids.
Lipids include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids and steroids. They serve important functions like energy storage, insulation, cell structure, and transport. Lipids can be classified as simple or complex. Simple lipids include neutral fats and waxes. Complex lipids include phospholipids, glycolipids and steroids.
Fatty acids and lipids have properties like melting point, hydrolysis, hydrogenation, and rancidity. Tests like iodine
Lipids BPH
Fatty acids are long chain organic acids that are the building blocks of lipids. They contain a carboxyl group and a long hydrocarbon tail. There are over 100 different types of fatty acids that can be classified as either saturated or unsaturated. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds. Lipids include fats, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids and steroids. They serve important functions like energy storage, insulation, cell structure and transport. The main classes of lipids are simple lipids like triglycerides and waxes, and complex lipids including phospholipids, glycolipids and steroids.
Introduction of immunology for bph class
This document provides an overview of the immune system. It discusses that immunology is the study of protection from foreign molecules and organisms. The immune system uses a complex array of defensive measures, collectively called the immune system, to battle against microbial invaders. Immunity is the state of resistance exhibited by the host against toxins, microorganisms, and foreign cells. The immune system can be divided into innate immunity, which provides the first line of defense, and acquired immunity, which develops after exposure and relies on memory responses from lymphocytes. The document further discusses antigens, antibodies, and the different classes of antibodies.
Infection and its mechanism
The document defines infection as the lodgement and multiplication of an infectious agent in the body. It describes the mechanisms of infection, which involve encounter, colonization, penetration, spread, and damage. The major routes of transmission are contact, inhalation, ingestion, inoculation, and congenital. For an infection to establish, the microorganism must survive local conditions, compete against normal flora, and penetrate barriers. Damage can occur via bulk effect of organisms, toxins, altered organ function, or host immune response.
Immunity, immune def, hypersensitivity
Immunity involves the body's resistance to pathogenic agents. It is broadly divided into innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity is present from birth while acquired immunity develops after exposure to specific pathogens. Immunization helps prepare the body against diseases either through passive or active immunity. Immunodeficiency diseases are caused by inherited or secondary defects in immunity. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by HIV and damages the immune system. Hypersensitivity reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to antigens and are classified into four types based on the mechanisms involved.
Hypersensitivity reaction, bph
This document discusses hypersensitivity reactions and classifies them into four main types:
1. Type I reactions are immediate and involve IgE antibodies binding to mast cells and basophils. Common manifestations include allergic rhinitis, asthma, and anaphylaxis.
2. Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM antibodies binding to cells and activating complement, causing cell lysis. Examples include autoimmune hemolytic anemia and Goodpasture's syndrome.
3. Type III reactions involve immune complexes activating complement and recruiting inflammatory cells, causing conditions like serum sickness and Arthus reaction.
4. Type IV reactions are delayed cell-mediated responses, involving Th1 cells and granuloma formation.
Enzymes bph
Enzymes are protein catalysts that accelerate biochemical reactions without being consumed. They achieve this by lowering the activation energy of reactions and stabilizing transition states. Enzymes require cofactors like metal ions or organic coenzymes to function. The active site of an enzyme binds specifically to substrates to catalyze reactions. Many factors influence enzyme activity, such as temperature, pH, substrate and product concentration.
Defence mechanisms. bph
The document summarizes the body's three lines of defense against pathogens. The first line of defense consists of physical and chemical barriers like the skin, mucus, and sweat. The second line of defense involves defensive cells and proteins that attack pathogens that breach the first line, such as mast cells, neutrophils, and the complement system. The third line of defense comprises lymphoid cells that develop in primary organs like the bone marrow and thymus and secondary organs including the spleen, lymph nodes, and MALT tissues. Together, these layered defenses protect the body from infection.
Carbohydrate for BPH
Carbohydrates are the most abundant class of biomolecules. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and can be classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, or polysaccharides depending on the number of monosaccharide units joined together. Monosaccharides exist as either open-chain or cyclic structures and include aldoses and ketoses. Carbohydrates serve important functions such as energy storage, structure, and defense. They exhibit properties like stereoisomerism, optical activity, and anomerism due to their chiral nature.
Buffer system for bph
This document discusses different buffer systems in the human body that help maintain pH levels. It describes three main buffer systems:
1) The bicarbonate buffer system in plasma uses sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid to act as a proton donor and acceptor, keeping blood pH at 7.4.
2) The phosphate buffer system is found in the cytoplasm of cells and uses sodium phosphate salts to buffer carbon dioxide levels in red blood cells.
3) Proteins in the body contain both acidic and basic groups that allow them to act as buffers, accepting or donating protons to resist pH changes when acids or bases are introduced.
Hepatovirusfor microbiology student
Hepatitis A virus is a naked RNA virus that causes hepatitis A, an inflammatory liver disease. It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route by ingesting contaminated food or water. The clinical syndrome consists of two stages - a pre-icteric stage with nonspecific symptoms, followed by an icteric stage characterized by jaundice, hepatomegaly, and elevated liver enzymes. Diagnosis is made based on clinical presentation and laboratory findings, including detection of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus in serum during the early stages of infection. Prophylaxis includes vaccination and immune globulin administration for exposed individuals.
Hepatitis b virus
This document summarizes information about Hepatitis B virus (HBV) including its structure, antigens, modes of transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention. HBV is a 42nm enveloped virus containing Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) which encloses the viral DNA. It is transmitted parenterally, perinatally, or sexually. Clinical features include a pre-icteric, icteric, and convalescent phase. Diagnosis involves detecting antigens and antibodies. Prevention includes immunization with plasma-derived or recombinant yeast vaccines.
Harmfulandusefulofmicroorganism 111203044208-phpapp02
The document discusses both harmful and useful microorganisms. It notes that microorganisms are used to make bread and curd, for medicinal purposes, and to increase soil fertility. While some bacteria and most microorganisms are harmless, others can cause diseases like diarrhea or sore throat. Viruses can infect humans, plants, and animals and are responsible for serious diseases like AIDS. Protozoa can also be either harmless or harmful, with malaria being caused by one type of protozoa. Fungi like yeast are microscopic but are useful in producing bread and cake.
More from RaNa MB (20)
Harmfulandusefulofmicroorganism 111203044208-phpapp02
Harmfulandusefulofmicroorganism 111203044208-phpapp02
Recently uploaded
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcBBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Recently uploaded (20)
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Antigen antibody for bph class
- 1. ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY MAN BAHADUR RANA BPH ACAS,NEPAL
- 3. Types of Antigen – Antibody Reaction: • Precipitation Reaction. • Agglutination Reaction. • Complement Fixation. •Neutralisation Reaction • ELISA – Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay. • Immunofluorescence. •Radioimmunoassay The types of antigen – antibody reactions are:
- 7. Agglutination Reaction: • When a particular Ag is mixed with its Ab’s in the presence of electrolytes at a suitable temperature and pH, the particles are clumped or agglutinated. • The Ab of the serum causes the cellular Ag’s to form clumps and these are called Agglutinins. • The particulate antigens that are aggregated are termed Agglutinogens. Slide agglutination: This is a rapid method to determine the presence of agglutinating antibodies. This test is used for blood grouping (Haemagglutination) and cross matching.
- 8. Tube agglutination: Tube agglutination is employed for the serological diagnosis of typhoid, brucellosis and typhus fever. Widal test is used for the estimation of typhoid fever.
- 9. •antitoxin + toxin neutralization •toxigenecity test •Shick test •Nagler reaction Neutralisation Reaction
- 10. Complement Fixation: •This complement system 11 proteins •Fc component of Ag-Ab complex. •E.g wasserman reaction •Immobilisation test for T. pallidium
- 12. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) in vitro assay concentrations of antigens (for example, hormone levels in theblood) by use of antibodies. Principle: RIA relies on the radioactivity of a specific isotope labelled antibody or antigen Application circulation proteins, hormones and drugs INTRODUCTION 12
- 14. Immunofluorescence utilizes fluorescent- labeled antibodies to detect specific target antigens. It is used widely in both scientific research and clinical laboratories. Coons et al (1942) labeled dyes can be conjugated to Ab’s and these labeled antibodies can be used to detect Ag’s. •Fluorescein, Phycoerythrin. Immunofluorescence:
- 16. INTRODUCTION TO ELISA ELISA, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative immunological Ag- Ab reaction is monitored by enzyme measurements. 16