This document provides an overview of the anterior abdominal wall. It describes the layers of the anterior abdominal wall from the skin down to the parietal peritoneum. These layers include the skin, superficial fascia, external and internal oblique muscles, transverse abdominis muscle, and fascia transversalis. The document also describes the umbilicus and inguinal ligament, including their anatomical structures and attachments. Key regions and structures of the abdomen are briefly introduced.

1. Introduction of abdomen
Anterior Abdominal wall
Umbilicus
Dr. Pratik Mistry

2. Introduction
Two hollow
tubular
system
Gastro
Intestinal
System
Genito
urinary
system

3. • Extensive serous membrane

4. Boundaries of abdomen
Roof

5. Floor
• Pelvic diaphragm
• Urogenital diaphragm

6. Anterior wall
• Skin
• Superficial fascia
• External oblique
• Internal oblique
• Transverse abdominis
• Fascia transversalis
• Extra-peritoneal tissue
• Parietal paritonium

7. Posterior wall
Retroperitoneal organ
Principal vessels and
nerves

8. Regions of abdomen

9. Anterior abdominal wall
• Extension

10. Firm but elastic
• Layers
– Skin
– Superficial Fascia
– External oblique muscle and its aponeurosis
– Internal oblique muscle and its aponeurosis
– Transverse abdominis muscle and its aponeu
– Fascia transversalis
– Extra peritoneal tissue
– Parietal peritoneum

12. 1.Skin
Median Longitudinal groove

13. Cutaneous nerves
• Anterior cutaneous nerve
Anterior
cutaneous
nerve(7 in nos)
Lower five
intercostal nerve
T7-T11
Subcostal n
T12
Iliohypogastric n
L1

14. Lateral cutaneous nerve
• Two in nos.
– Lower two intercostal nerves (T10, T11)

15. Umbilicus
• Introduction
• Normal scar
– Dense fibrous tissue
– Foetal end of umbilical cord
• Position
• Between L3 & L4

16. Anatomical Importance of
umbilicus
• Congenital anomalies
• Watershed line
• Portocaval anastomosis

18. Rapsberry tumor

19. • Watershed line
– Umbilicus
Axillary lymph
node
Superficial
inguinal lymph
node

20. • Caput medusae

21. Embryogical importance

22. 2.Superficial Fascia

23. Structure between two layers
Superficial circumflex iliac
Superficial epigastric
Superficial external pudendal
Superficial inguinal LN

24. 3. External oblique muscle and
inguinal ligament
• Origin
• Insertion
• External oblique
Aponeurosis
Upper and lower
attachment of
aponeurosis

26. Inguinal ligament
• Thickening of EOA
• 12-14 cm in length
• Attachment
• extension

27. Extension
• Lacunar lig
• Reflected part
• Pectineal lig of
Cooper

28. Structure attached to the
inguinal ligament
• Grooved upper
surface
– Internal oblique
– Transversus
abdominis
• Lower surface
– Fascia lata

29. Posterior margin
• Fascia transversalis
• Fascia iliaca

30. Relation of inguinal ligament