Animals Used For Medical Research
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Animal models are used in medical research to provide a complex living system that can react to stimuli, giving researchers insight into how compounds move through living bodies and might affect humans. Rats and mice account for 82% of research animals and are effective models because they can develop many of the same health problems as humans. The majority of research focuses on disease treatment and prevention as well as injury treatment, though some animals are also used for basic medical research and breeding. Around 50-100 million vertebrate animals worldwide are used annually in medical research, with most procedures either causing momentary pain or using anesthesia to relieve pain and distress.
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Medical research using animals has a long history dating back to Louis Pasteur and Ivan Pavlov in the late 19th century. Common animals used in medical research include mice, rats, dogs, cats, and primates due to their genetic and physiological similarities to humans. While controversial, animal research has led to major medical advances such as the polio vaccine and insulin. Guidelines aim to reduce animal usage and minimize suffering through the Three Rs principles.
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Reduction in use of Animals in Scientific Research
Animal testing is commonly used in scientific research and development. It helps ensure product safety and advance medical research. However, it raises ethical issues and alternatives are being developed. Reduction methods aim to minimize the number of animals used through better study design and data sharing. Refinement improves animal welfare. Replacement seeks to avoid animal use by developing alternative methods like computer modeling, microfluidics, and serum-free cell cultures. As technology advances, more research can be done without harming animals.
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The Use of Animals in ResearchStudent NameAffi.docx
The Use of Animals in Research
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The Use of Animals in Research
The debate about experimental animal use in research aim to prove weather their usage is a pseudoscience or not. Animals have been used widely in scientific research since the 500 BC. However, the use of experimental animals for research has been a controversial issue and subject of ethical debates. The growing body of animal advocates believes that experimental animal use in research is not necessary for reasons of wasting resources. Industries such as pharmaceutical research companies and cosmetics manufacturers use animals such as rats, rabbits and pigs to test their products. With such usage, the society has persistently called upon the concerned scientific community to find an alternative of experimental animal use especially in the business industries. Despite the fact that animal advocates who stage campaigns against the use of animals in research consider it unethical, pure research scientists have not demonstrated the economic and academic benefits of using these animals where Pound et al., (2004) argue that there is no evidence to show that the use of animals in research has direct human benefits. The animal use has led to a better scientific understanding of disease and drug processes hence leading to proper formulations and medical breakthroughs. Experimental animals have been successful models of disease and drug studies before clinical trials. The use of experimental animals is the basic science established in the research of cognitive science, biology, and medicine.
Organizations that refute the use of animals for research such as PETA and ASPCA consider these traditional scientific activities out of date and that it is morally wrong to use animals solely for the benefit of human beings. These organizations claim that traditional animal experiments are costly, they are expensive and time-consuming, (Ryder, 2005). In addition, animal advocates argue that pure research scientists have not been accountable for those experiments that have failed and their results having no economic or academic benefits in the society. Even worse, there is evidence indicating that experimental animal results can mislead researchers. Animals may die in the process of experimentation due to toxic drug treatment and such results may confuse. The PETA organization indicate that researchers focus on making the animals sick and later cure them, a process that does not happen in human. The PETA and allied organization also argue that best doctors and scientists are misplaced because they are compensated to work with animals in the laboratory instead of working with real patients in the community. Even though using animals in research is undisputedly intellectually seductive, these experiments have not solved the urgent health problems of this era such as heart disease, cancer, stroke, AIDS and birth defects. However, scientists have a good course ...
Contributions of Animal Research to Public Health FINAL
Animal research has contributed significantly to public health throughout history. Key developments include vaccines for polio and other diseases, antibiotics, and Louis Pasteur's rabies vaccine. Animal models are important because many animals, like mice and pigs, share anatomical and genetic similarities with humans, making them suitable for studying human diseases. New medical advancements continue to emerge from animal research, such as robotic surgery techniques developed using pig models. Overall, responsible animal research has improved human and animal health and led to many life-saving advances.
Current issue animal testing
The document discusses animal testing, which involves using animals in scientific research and testing, particularly to determine the safety of drugs, foods, and other substances for human use. It notes that while animal testing aims to improve human health and medicine, it raises ethical issues as it involves experimenting on and killing large numbers of animals. Alternative views are presented, with some arguing animal testing is necessary and has advanced medical research, while others believe it is inhumane and the data unreliable due to physiological differences between animals and humans. Statistics are provided on the millions of animals, predominantly rats and mice, that are used annually in testing worldwide.
Experimental animal models ( lab animals )
This document discusses the use of animal models in biomedical research. It notes that animal models allow researchers to study disease states and potential treatments in ways that would not be possible or ethical in human subjects. Common animal models used include mice, rats, dogs, primates, and others depending on the research goal. The document outlines some examples of procedures performed on animal models, including inducing conditions like heart attacks, migraines, and spinal cord injuries. It also discusses the large number of animals and costs involved in developing and testing biological products like vaccines.
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Reduction in use of Animals in Scientific Research
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