Anemia
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The document discusses anemia in India, which is a major public health issue. Some key points: - Over half of women in India and nearly 50-80% of mothers are iron deficient and suffer from anemia. - Anemia affects adults and children of both sexes but pregnant women and adolescent girls are most at risk. - Common symptoms of anemia include fatigue, paleness, fast heartbeat, and shortness of breath. - Anemia is caused by blood loss, low red blood cell production, or red blood cell destruction. Iron deficiency is a major cause of anemia in India. - Diagnosis involves hemoglobin tests and treatment focuses on iron supplementation through diet and exercise.
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Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. It has many causes including blood loss, impaired red blood cell production, and increased red blood cell destruction. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type globally, often caused by inadequate iron intake, blood loss, or increased iron needs during growth, pregnancy, or menstruation. It presents with fatigue, paleness, and spoon-shaped nails and is diagnosed through blood tests. Treatment involves oral iron supplements in doses based on weight and severity over time to replenish iron stores.
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This document discusses calcium, including its history, functions, absorption, metabolism, and sources. It provides the following key points:
- Calcium is essential for bone formation, muscle and nerve function, and plays a role in many biochemical reactions in the body.
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Anemia
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Anemia
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Anemia 130809044630-phpapp01
This document provides information about anemia. It begins with an introduction stating that anemia is a major problem in India, affecting many women and contributing to maternal deaths. The objectives of the document are then outlined, including defining anemia, classifying types, and discussing causes, symptoms, investigations, treatment and prevention. The main types of anemia covered include iron deficiency, megaloblastic, pernicious, hemorrhagic, hemolytic, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, lab investigations, and management approaches including dietary recommendations and pharmacological treatments are all described in detail.
Anemia
This document provides information about anemia. It begins with an introduction stating that anemia is a major problem in India, affecting many women and contributing to maternal deaths. The objectives of the document are then outlined, including defining anemia, classifying types, and discussing causes, symptoms, investigations, treatment and prevention. Several types of anemia are described such as iron deficiency, megaloblastic, and sickle cell anemia. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, normal values, and investigations like hematocrit and hemoglobin levels are explained. The document concludes with sections on management, treatment recommendations including iron supplementation, and benefits of therapy like improved cognition and survival.
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Anaemia results from a lack of red blood cells or dysfunctional red blood cells in the body. This leads to reduced oxygen flow to the body's organs.
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Anemia
complete detail about anemia, definition, causes, types, clinical manifestation, diagnostic assessment, & management
Sickle cell anemia
Sickle Cell disease: is a genetic disorder that affects erythrocytes (RBC) causing them
to become sickle or crescent shaped.
The effects of this condition due to an abnormality of the hemoglobin molecules found
in erythrocytes.
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Normal red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the
center. They move easily through your blood vessels. Red blood cells contain the
protein hemoglobin. This iron-rich protein gives blood its red color and carries oxygen
from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Sickle cell Anemia is known as being a fatal hereditary form of anemia, it is recognized
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Anemia is a common medical disorder in pregnancy that can lead to increased risks of maternal and infant mortality as well as adverse outcomes like premature delivery and low birth weight. Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin level less than 11g/dl and can account for 20-40% of maternal deaths. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in pregnancy. Treatment involves dietary changes to increase iron intake, iron supplementation, and blood transfusions in severe cases.
Anemia ppt
Anemia is caused by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin. It can be caused by insufficient iron, vitamin B12, or folate intake; blood loss; or impaired red blood cell production. Dietary management of anemia focuses on improving intake of iron, vitamin B12, and folate through foods or supplements. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include iron supplementation, changes to diet, and treating the primary condition causing the anemia.
ANEMIA.pptx
Anemia occurs when there are not enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body's organs. The most common type is iron-deficiency anemia, which can be caused by blood loss or not getting enough iron in the diet. Anemia is diagnosed through a blood test called a complete blood count. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include iron supplements, changing diet, or blood transfusions. Maintaining a healthy diet with iron and vitamins can help prevent some forms of anemia.
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Anemia
- 1. Kusuma Neela Bolla M.Sc, M.B.A Dept. Appiled Nutrition
- 3. Anemia is a major killer in India. Statistics reveal that every second Indian woman is anemic One in every five maternal deaths is directly due to anemia. Anemia affects both adults and children of both sexes, although pregnant women and adolescent girls are most susceptible and most affected by this disease. As per National Family Health Survey, more than half of women in India (55%) have anemia, including 39% with mid anemia, 15% with moderate anemia, 2% were severe anemic. Nearly 50-80% of Indian mothers are iron deficiency. Young children 40-50% Non pregnant women’s 35%
- 4. Definition defined as a decrease in the amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. It can also be defined as a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.
- 5. There are more than 400 types of Anemia currently known Based on clinical picture- Iron deficiency anemia. Megaloblastic anemia. Pernicious anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia. Hemolytic anemia. -Thalassemia anemia -Sickle cell anemia Aplastic anemia Hematocrit Anemia Types
- 7. Causes Blood loss Decreased production or production of faulty red blood cells. The destruction (breakdown) of red blood cells.
- 8. Symptoms of anemia The most common symptom of anemia, regardless of type, is a feeling of fatigue and a lack of energy. Other common symptoms of anemia may include: Paleness of skin Fast or irregular heartbeat Shortness of breath Chest pain Headache Light-headedness In mild cases of anemia, individuals have little to no symptoms. Some forms of anemia can have specific symptoms unique to their type: Aplastic anemia - fever, frequent infections, and skin rashes Folic acid deficiency anemia - irritability, diarrhea, and a smooth tongue Hemolytic anemia - jaundice, dark colored urine, fever, and abdominal pains Sickle cell anemia - painful swelling of the feet and hands, fatigue, and jaundice
- 9. signs
- 11. Normal range: Birth: 13.5 to 24.0 g/dl (mean 16.5 g/dl) Age <1 month: 10.0 to 20.0 g/dl (mean 13.9 g/dl) Age 1-2 months: 10.0 to 18.0 g/dl (mean 11.2 g/dl) Age 2-6 months: 9.5 to 14.0 g/dl (mean 12.6 g/dl) Age 0.5 to 2 years: 10.5 to 13.5 g/dl (mean 12.0 g/dl) Age 2 to 6 years: 11.5 to 13.5 g/dl (mean 12.5 g/dl) Age 6-12 years: 11.5 to 15.5 g/dl (mean 13.5) Female Age 12-18 years: 12.0 to 16.0 g/dl (mean 14.0 g/dl) Age >18 years: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dl (mean 14.0 g/dl) Male Age 12-18 years: 13.0 to 16.0 g/dl (mean 14.5 g/dl) Age >18 years: 13.6 to 17.7 g/dl (mean 15.5 g/dl)
- 12. Diagnosis Hemoglobin test Hemoglobin levels Hematocrit Mean corpuscular hemoglobin Severity of Anemia Mild 9.5-13.0g/dl Moderate 8-9.5g/dl Sever > 8.0g/dl
- 14. Diet Therapy - IRON This mineral plays a key role in the blood’s distribution of Oxygen to the body. A serious shortage of iron- iron deficiency anemia. Produce fatigue, impaired immunity. Iron is found in red meat, poultry, fish, egg yolks, legumes, nuts, dried fruits, leafy greens and foods such as fortified breakfast cereals bread and pasta. There are 2 types of iron foods Haem iron, Non Haem iron.
- 19. Be Physically Active Intentional exercise Walking Running Cycling Swimming Active lifestyle Take the stairs Walk to work Sit less, move more