Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system originally designed for touchscreen mobile devices. It was developed by Android Inc., which was acquired by Google in 2005. The Open Handset Alliance was formed in 2007 to develop open standards for Android. The first Android phone, the HTC Dream, was released in 2008. Android uses the Linux kernel and is designed to manage processes and power usage for battery-powered devices. It allows extensive customization and has a large selection of third-party apps available. Some key features of Android include its customizable interface, virtual reality support through Daydream, and its use in various other fields through later versions like Android Auto for cars and Android Wear for smartwatches.

1. ANDROID OPERATING
SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION
• Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google,
based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily
for touchscreen mobile devices.
• It was initially developed by Android inc. which later become a
part of google.

3. HISTORY OF ANDROID
• Android Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California in October
2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White.
• In July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc. for at least $50
million . Its key employees, including Rubin, Miner and White,
joined Google as part of the acquisition.

4. ANDROID INC. FOUNDERS
• Andy
Rubin
• Rich Miner
• Nick Sears
• Chris
White

5. OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE
• The Open Handset Alliance (OHA) is a consortium of 34 firms to
develop open standards for mobile devices.
• The OHA was established on 5 November 2007, led
by Google with 34 members, including mobile handset
makers, application developers, some mobile carriers and chip
makers.

6. MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS OF OHA

7. FIRST ANDROID PHONE
• HTC Dream or T-Mobile G1, the first commercially released
device running Android (2008).

8. ANDROID VERSIONS

9. ARCHITECTURE OF ANDROID
• Dalvik virtual machine(DVM)
• Linux kernel 2.6 or 3.4
• C/C++ libraries
• Interface through java

10. APPLICATIONS OF ANDROID
Android provide a set a core applications :-
• Email client
• SMS program
• Calendar
• Maps
• Browser
• Contacts etc.

11. MAJOR FEATURES OF ANDROID
• Interface
• Application Software
• Memory Management
• Virtual Reality
• Customization

12. INTERFACE
Android's default user interface is mainly based on direct
manipulation, using touch inputs that loosely correspond to
real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse
pinching to manipulate on-screen objects, along with a virtual
keyboard.

13. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Android has a growing selection of
third-party applications, which can
be acquired by users by
downloading and installing the
application's APK (Android
application package) file, or by
downloading them using
an application store program that
allows users to install, update, and
remove applications from their
devices.

14. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
Since Android devices are usually battery-powered, Android is
designed to manage processes to keep power consumption at a
minimum. When an application is not in use the system suspends
its operation so that, while available for immediate use rather
than closed, it does not use battery power or CPU resources.

15. VIRTUAL REALITY
Google announced Daydream, a virtual reality platform that relies
on a smartphone and provides VR capabilities through a virtual
reality headset and controller designed by Google itself. The
platform is built into Android starting with Android Nougat.

16. CUSTOMIZATION
• Android allows its user to customize itself in many ways to suit
the user needs. It provides its user to change the
look and feel of user interface, to add several developer feature
to gain more control on their smartphone.
• Rooting an Android smartphone gives the user almost full
control over there device but it can be dangerous as it could
damage the device permanently.

17. ROOTING IN ANDROID
• Rooting is a process to gain access to special control over
android subsystem. As android uses linux kernel it gives user
the same privileged as a superuser in Linux or any other Unix
like system.
• It is often done to gain permission to remove those limitations
posed by manufacturers on devices to perform system level
changes in the device.

18. ADVANTAGES OF ROOTING
• Full control over internal working of system like making
changes in kernel of OS
• Gain control over the visual appearance of system from theme
to battery icon
• Full application control from backup to remove to remove
bloatware
• Flash a custom rom on your phone like LineageOS

19. DISADVANTAGES OF ROOTING
• It can cause permanent damage to your phone
• Disabling the warranty
• Problems with updates
• Vulnerable for novice users

20. OTHER FEATURES OF ANDROID
• Supports wireless communication
• Supports all audio/video/still media formats
• Database for storage(SQLite)
• Messaging services
• Web browser(safari webkit)

21. GAMING ON ANDROID
• Android is one of the popular platform for handheld gaming
• It uses 2D & 3D graphic accelerators for better gaming
performance
• Games are developed on android using game engines like
Unity, BOX2D etc.

22. ONE OF THE POPULAR GAMES ON ANDROID
ARE MADE IN UNITY GAME ENGINE

23. ANDROID VS IOS
• Interface : Both have similar interface in comparison but android
provide widgets on its home screen where iOS fails to do so.
• UserXperience : In terms of UX iOS has better ratings then android, as
iOS has a single UX for all its devices while in android it varies with
manufacturer.
• Apps available : In terms of 3rd party applications android has
roughly 600,00 apps while iOS has roughly more than 700,000 apps
on its store.
• Stability : android has stability issues in previous versions but now it
is fully functional for heavy performance without a scratch.

24. • Cost price : android has been able to reduce its cost so it is
much cheaper than iOS.
• Device selection : android is tied up with number of
manufacturers, so a large pool of devices is available for
purchasing ; whereas iOS only come along with its home model.
• Email client : Default email client of android and Gmail provide
far better UX than any other email client
• Voice assistant : google assistant is better in understanding the
need of user than any other assistant like Siri which is packed
with iOS.
• No. of users : A number of manufacturers built devices with
android which are cheap and affordable so android has more
than of half of the mobile OS market share than combining all
others together.

25. ADVANTAGES OF ANDROID
• Easy multitasking
• Can install Custom ROM
• Huge array of apps for free
• Ease of notification
• Widgets
• Highly Customizable

26. DISADVANTAGES OF ANDROID
• Battery life is not long
• Internet connection is most of the time required
• Heck of advertising
• Risk of viruses through unknown app installation

27. FUTURE OF ANDROID
Google after developing android for mobile platforms started
developing the android further to use in various other fields like
automobile, fitness and entertainment.
Google in 2014 announces it new projects on android in its
annual conference Google i/o 2014 which were Android Auto,
Android wear and Android TV

28. ANDROID AUTO
• Android auto is a smartphone projection which allows user to
control the smartphone from cars dashboards
• The device must run on android version 5.0 or higher to
support this.
• Major functions which are supported by android auto are maps
navigation, music playback, telephony, web search etc.

29. ANDROID AUTO
• Hyundai was the first manufacturer to produce a car supporting
android auto.

30. ANDROID WEAR
• It is the smartwatch version of android by google for
wristwatches and other wearables.
• It requires android 4.3 or higher for support.
• It allows user to download application from play store as per
requirement.
• It supports a range of features like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and calling
features. Main use for the smartwatches is to provide real time
notification to the users.

31. ANDROID WEAR
• Major manufacturers of android wear are Samsung , LG, Huawei
and Motorola etc.

32. ANDROID TV
• Android tv is a Smart tv platform developed by google, powered
by android.
• Users are allowed to download apps from play store also to surf
streaming services like Netflix.
• It emphasizes on voice search for quick searching of content or
to answer queries.
• It support Chromecast.

33. ANDROID TV
• Major
manufacturers
of android tv
are Sony, Sharp
and Philips.

34. PRESENTED BY : AYUSH AGARWAL