The document discusses various Android accessories and concepts including Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, sensors, sending and receiving SMS, and using shared preferences. Bluetooth allows wireless data exchange and the Bluetooth APIs provide access. Wi-Fi management involves network lists, scans, and connectivity. Sensors can measure motion, orientation, and environment. The SMS and shared preference sections describe accessing these features programmatically.

1. Android
Accessories
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Roadmap
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
Sensors
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Motion Sensors
Position Sensors
Environment
Sensors
Send/ Receive
SMS
Shared Preference
Hands-on
Android
Accessories
Session 3
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Bluetooth
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Which allows a device to wirelessly exchange
data with other Bluetooth devices.
The application framework provides access
to the Bluetooth functionality through the
Android Bluetooth APIs.
Bluetooth APIs let applications wirelessly
connect to other Bluetooth devices.
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Bluetooth Cont.
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Scan for other Bluetooth devices
Query the local Bluetooth adapter for paired
Bluetooth devices
Establish RFCOMM channels
Connect to other devices through service
discovery
Transfer data to and from other devices
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Bluetooth Cont.
All of the Bluetooth APIs are available in
the android. Bluetooth package.
The four major tasks necessary to communicate
using Bluetooth.
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setting up Bluetooth,
finding devices that are either paired or available in
the local area,
connecting devices &
transferring data between devices.
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Bluetooth Cont.
The classes and interfaces you will need to
create Bluetooth connections:
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Bluetooth Adapter.
Bluetooth Device.
Bluetooth Socket.
Bluetooth Server Socket.
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Bluetooth Permissions.
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We must declare the Bluetooth
permission BLUETOOTH.
To initiate device discovery or manipulate
Bluetooth settings, we must also declare
the BLUETOOTH_ADMIN permission.
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Setting Up Bluetooth
Verify that Bluetooth is supported on the
device.
If Bluetooth is not supported, then disable
any Bluetooth features.
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Get the BluetoothAdapter.
Enable Bluetooth.
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Setting Up Bluetooth
Get Bluetooth Adapter:
The BluetoothAdapter is required for any
and all Bluetooth activity.
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Setting Up Bluetooth
Enable Bluetooth.
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Ensure that Bluetooth is enabled.
Call isEnabled() to check whether
Bluetooth is currently enable. If this
method returns false, then Bluetooth is
disabled.
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Finding Devices
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Find remote Bluetooth devices either through device
discovery or by querying the list of paired (bonded)
devices.
Device discovery is a scanning procedure that
searches the local area for Bluetooth enabled
devices.
A Bluetooth device within the local area will respond
to a discovery request only if it is currently enabled to
be discoverable
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Querying paired devices
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Before performing device discovery, its
worth querying the set of paired devices.
call getBondedDevices().
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Discovering devices
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simply call startDiscovery().
The method will immediately return with a
Boolean indicating whether discovery has
successfully started.
Involves an inquiry scan of about 12 seconds,
followed by a page scan of each found
device to retrieve its Bluetooth name.
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Discovering devices
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Register a Broadcast Receiver for
the ACTION_FOUND Intent in order to receive
information about each device discovered.
This Intent carries the extra
fields EXTRA_DEVICE and EXTRA_CLASS,
containing a BluetoothDevice and a
BluetoothClass.
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Discovering devices
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Connecting Devices
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To create a connection between two
devices, implement both the server-side and
client-side mechanisms.
If the two devices have not been previously
paired, then the Android framework will
automatically show a pairing request
notification or dialog to the user during the
connection procedure.
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Connecting as a server
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One must act as a server by holding an
open BluetoothServerSocket.
The server socket is to listen for incoming
connection requests.
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Get a BluetoothServerSocket by calling the
listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID).
Start listening for connection requests by
calling accept().
Unless you want to accept additional connections,
call close().
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Connecting as a client
To initiate a connection with a remote
device , obtain the remote device.
o Using the Bluetooth Device, get a
BluetoothSocket by calling
createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord (UUID).
Note : The UUID passed here must match the
UUID used by the server device when it opened
its BluetoothServerSocket
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Connecting as a client
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Initiate the connection by calling connect().
We should always ensure that the device is
not performing device discovery when you
call connect().
If discovery is in progress, then the
connection attempt will be significantly
slowed and is more likely to fail.
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Managing a Connection
Once Both Devices are connected
 Get the InputStream and OutputStream that
handle transmissions through the socket,
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Read and write data to the streams.
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Wi-Fi
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The Primary API for managing all aspects
of Wi-Fi connectivity.
It deals with several categories of items:
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The list of configured networks.
The currently active Wi-Fi network.
Results of access point scans.
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Turn On/Off Wi-Fi
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Need to use WiFiManager class.
Create an Object of WiFiManager class to
get the services of Wi-Fi.
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Permission in Manifest
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When performing Wi-Fi specific
operations, we must declare permissions
in manifest file
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Sensors
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Most Android-powered devices
have built-in sensors that measure
motion, orientation, and various
environmental conditions.
These sensors are capable of
providing raw data with high
precision and accuracy, and are
useful
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Sensors
The Android platform supports three broad categories of sensors:
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Motion sensors (accelerometers, gravity sensors, gyroscopes)
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Environmental sensors (pressure, illumination, and humidity)
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Position sensors ( orientation sensors and magnetometers)
We can access sensors available on the device and acquire raw
sensor data by using the Android sensor framework.
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Sensors
We can use the sensor framework to do the following:
 Determine which sensors are available on a device.
 Determine an individual sensor's capabilities, such as
its maximum range, manufacturer, power
requirements, and resolution.
 Acquire raw sensor data and define the minimum
rate at which you acquire sensor data.
 Register and unregister sensor event listeners that
monitor sensor changes.
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Identifying Sensors and Sensor
Capabilities
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The Android sensor framework provides
several methods to determine at runtime
which sensors are on a device.
To identify the sensors that are on a
device you first need to get a reference
to the sensor service.
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Access Sensors:
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We can get a listing of every sensor on a
device by calling
the getSensorList() method
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Monitoring Sensor Events
To monitor raw sensor data you need to
implement two callback methods of
SensorEventListener interface.
 onAccuracyChanged() and
 onSensorChanged().
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Send SMS
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Add permission in manifest.xml
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To send sms we need sms manager.
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Send SMS
The sendTextMessages() method takes five
arguments:
o destinationAddress
o scAddress
o Content of the SMS message
o sentIntent
o deliveryIntent
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Receive SMS
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Declare Broadcast receiver in Android
Manifest.xml
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Give read SMS permission in AndroidManifest
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Get the object of SmsManager to find out
received sms details
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Receive SMS
BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context c, Intent in) {
if(in.getAction().equals(RECEIVED_ACTION)) {
Bundle bundle = in.getExtras();
if(bundle!=null) {
Object[] pdus = (Object[])bundle.get(“pdus”);
SmsMessage[] msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
for(int i = 0; i<pdus.length; i++) {
msgs[i] =
SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);
}
// reply();
}
}
}};
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Shared Preferences
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Android provides several options to save
persistent application data
Store private primitive data in key-value pairs.
Application shared preferences allows you to
save and retrieve key, value pair data.
Boolean, float, int, long and string.
These data will persist even app is killed
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Shared Preferences
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Application shared preferences can be
fetched using getSharedPreferences()
method.
We need an editor to edit and save the
changes in shared preferences.
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Shared Preferences
Storing Data:
o You can save data into shared
preferences using editor.
o Call editor. Commit() in order to save
changes to shared preferences.
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Shared Preferences
Retrieving Data
o Data can be retrieved from saved
preferences by calling getString() (For
string) method.
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Shared Preferences
Clearing / Deleting Data
o To delete that particular value, call
remove(“key_name”).
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If we want to delete all the data,
call clear().
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