Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system used in touchscreen devices like smartphones and tablets. It was developed by Google in 2005 and has grown to become the world's most widely used mobile operating system, present in over 190 countries. With over 1 million available applications in the Google Play store, Android's advantages include multitasking capabilities, tight integration with Google services, and lower device costs compared to alternatives like iOS. However, Android also faces disadvantages such as unreliable updates, malware risks, and heavy use of advertising in some apps.