Smartphones have evolved from basic mobile phones. The first smartphone was introduced by Apple in 2007. Smartphones contain hardware components like processors, memory, and screens. They run operating systems like Android, iOS, and Windows which allow applications to be installed. The top smartphone vendors are Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi, Apple and Vivo who collectively make up over 70% of the global market. Popular applications stores include App Store, Google Play Store, and others depending on the operating system.