The document discusses the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses. It describes the four pairs of paranasal sinuses - maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoidal sinuses. For each sinus, it details the location, relationships to surrounding structures, neurovascular supply, development, and clinical importance. The maxillary sinus is the largest sinus, located within the maxilla bone. The frontal sinus is the second largest sinus located within the frontal bone. The ethmoid sinus consists of three groups of air cells within the ethmoid bone. The sphenoid sinus develops later and is located within the sphenoid bone below the sella turcica. The paranasal sinuses are important for warming,

1. ANATOMY OF
PARANASAL SINUSES
PRESENTED BY - GURJAR GANESH KUMAR

2. CONTENT
• To know anatomical location
• Their connections & significance
• Development
• Neurovascular supply
• Venious drainage
• Clinical importance
• functions

3. INTRODUCTION
• Air containing cavities.
• Each sinus are named
after the bone it resides in.
• 4 pairs- frontal, sphenoid,
ethmoid, maxillary .

4. 1.MAXILLARY SINUS
• Largest paranasal sinuses
• Pyramidal in shape
• Base pointing to lateral wall of
nose
• Apex laterally in the zygomatic
process
• Capacity 15 ml

5. RELATIONS
• Anterior- facial surface of maxilla
• Posterior- infratemporal and
pterygopalatine fossa
• Medial – middle and inferior meatus
• Floor – alveolar and palatine
processes of maxilla
• Roof – floor of orbit

6. NEUROVASCULAR SUPPLY
• Blood supply - Facial , infra orbital, greater palatine arteries.
• Lymphatic drainage – Submandibular nodes.
• Nerve supply – Infra orbital , anterior, middle and post superior
alveolar nerves.

7. 2.FRONTAL SINUS
• Resides in frontal bone
• 2nd largest
• Asymmetrical
• Usually paired- sometimes one,
three , or none!

8. RELATIONS
• Anterior- skin over the forehead
• Inferior- orbit &its contents
• Posterior- meningeal and
frontal lobe of brain

9. NEUROVASCULAR SUPPLY
• Blood supply – Supra orbital artery, Anterior ethmoidal arteries.
• Venous return – Anastomotic veins in supra orbital notch, connecting
supra orbital and supra ophthalmic veins.
• Lymphatic drainage – Submandibular nodes.
• Nerve supply- Supra orbital nerve traversing the floor of the sinus.

10. 3.ETHMOIDAL SINUS
• Resides in ethmoid bone
• 3 groups- anterior, posterior,
middle ethmoidal sinus
• Number varies from 3-18
• Present from birth

11. RELATIONS
• Roof – anterior cranial fossa
• Lateral - orbit( separated by
lamina papyracea)
• Optic nerve lies close to
posterior ethmoidal cells.

12. 1. Anterior ethmoidal sinus- it is made up of 1to11 air cells , opens into the anterior part
of
the hiatus semilunaris of the nose.
- Nerve supply : anterior ethmoidal nerve.
- Lymphatics drainage: submandibular nodes.
2. Middle ethmoidal sinus - it is consisting of 1 to 7 air cells , opens into the middle
meatus of
the nose.
- Nerve supply : anterior ethmoidal nerve and the
orbital branches of the pterygopalatine
ganglion.
- Lymphatics drainage : submandibular nodes.
3. Posterior ethmoidal sinus – it is consisting of 1 to 7 air cells , opens into the superior
meatus of nose.
- Nerve supply : posterior ethmoidal nerve and the
orbital branches of the pterygopalatine
ganglion.

13. 4.SPHENOID SINUS
• Resides in body of sphenoid
• Maybe single or paired
• Asymmetrical
• Not present at birth
• Lies below to sella turcica
• Sphenoid effusion shows skull base
fracture
• Related to optic tract, chiasma ,internal
carotid artery.

14. NEUROVASCULAR SUPPLY
• Blood supply – Posterior ethmoidal artery.
• Lymphatic drainage – Retropharyngeal nodes.
• Nerve supply – Posterior ethmoidal nerve.

15. DEVELOPMENT

16. FUNCTION OF PARANASAL SINUS
• Humidifying and warming inspired air
• Regulation of intranasal pressure
• Increasing surface area for olfaction
• Lightening the skull
• Resonance
• Absorbing shock
• Contribute to facial growth

17. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
• The paranasal sinuses are joined to the nasal cavity via small orifices called ostia.
• These become blocked easily by allergic inflammation or by swelling in the nasal
lining that occurs with a cold.
• If this happens , normal drainage of mucus within the sinuses is disrupted and
sinusitis may occur.
• Because the maxillary posterior teeth are close to the maxillary sinus , this can also
cause clinical problems if any disease processes are present , such as an infection in
any of these teeth.
• These clinical problems can include secondary sinusitis , the inflammation of the
sinuses from
Another source such as an infection of the adjacent teeth.

18. These conditions may be
treated with drugs such as
decongestants ,
Which cause vasoconstriction
in the sinuses , reducing
inflammation
By traditional techniques of
nasal irrigation or by
corticosteroid.

19. CARCINOMA OF PARANASAL SINUS
• Malignancies of the paranasal
sinuses comprise approximately
0.2% of all malignancies . About
80% of these malignancies arise in
the maxillary sinus . Men are much
more often affected than women .
They most often occur in the age
group between 40 and 70 years .
carcinomas are more frequent than
sarcomas . Metastases are rare.
Tumours of the sphenoid and frontal
sinuses are extremely rare.

20. REFERANCE
• Bd chaurasia’s anatomy
• Gray’s anatomy
• Sources of google

21. Thank you!