Innovations in technology has revolutionized financial services to an extent that large financial institutions like Goldman Sachs are claiming to be technology companies! It is no secret that technological innovations like Data science and AI are changing fundamentally how financial products are created, tested and delivered. While it is exciting to learn about technologies themselves, there is very little guidance available to companies and financial professionals should retool and gear themselves towards the upcoming revolution.
In this master class, we will discuss key innovations in Data Science and AI and connect applications of these novel fields in forecasting and optimization. Through case studies and examples, we will demonstrate why now is the time you should invest to learn about the topics that will reshape the financial services industry of the future!
Topics in Econometrics
1) To understand the underlying structure of Time Series represented by sequence of observations by breaking it down to its components.
2) To fit a mathematical model and proceed to forecast the future.
Time Series Analysis - 1 | Time Series in R | Time Series Forecasting | Data ...Simplilearn
This Time Series Analysis (Part-1) in R presentation will help you understand what is time series, why time series, components of time series, when not to use time series, why does a time series have to be stationary, how to make a time series stationary and at the end, you will also see a use case where we will forecast car sales for 5th year using the given data. A time series is a sequence of data being recorded at specific time intervals. The past values are analyzed to forecast a future which is time-dependent. Compared to other forecast algorithms, with time series we deal with a single variable which is dependent on time. So, lets deep dive into this presentation and understand what is time series and how to implement time series using R.
Below topics are explained in this "Time Series in R Tutorial" -
1. Why time series?
2. What is time series?
3. Components of a time series
4. When not to use time series?
5. Why does a time series have to be stationary?
6. How to make a time series stationary?
7. Example: Forcast car sales for the 5th year
Become an expert in data analytics using the R programming language in this data science certification training course. You’ll master data exploration, data visualization, predictive analytics and descriptive analytics techniques with the R language. With this data science course, you’ll get hands-on practice on R CloudLab by implementing various real-life, industry-based projects in the domains of healthcare, retail, insurance, finance, airlines, music industry, and unemployment.
Why learn Data Science with R?
1. This course forms an ideal package for aspiring data analysts aspiring to build a successful career in analytics/data science. By the end of this training, participants will acquire a 360-degree overview of business analytics and R by mastering concepts like data exploration, data visualization, predictive analytics, etc
2. According to marketsandmarkets.com, the advanced analytics market will be worth $29.53 Billion by 2019
3. Wired.com points to a report by Glassdoor that the average salary of a data scientist is $118,709
4. Randstad reports that pay hikes in the analytics industry are 50% higher than IT
The Data Science with R is recommended for:
1. IT professionals looking for a career switch into data science and analytics
2. Software developers looking for a career switch into data science and analytics
3. Professionals working in data and business analytics
4. Graduates looking to build a career in analytics and data science
5. Anyone with a genuine interest in the data science field
6. Experienced professionals who would like to harness data science in their fields
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com/
Innovations in technology has revolutionized financial services to an extent that large financial institutions like Goldman Sachs are claiming to be technology companies! It is no secret that technological innovations like Data science and AI are changing fundamentally how financial products are created, tested and delivered. While it is exciting to learn about technologies themselves, there is very little guidance available to companies and financial professionals should retool and gear themselves towards the upcoming revolution.
In this master class, we will discuss key innovations in Data Science and AI and connect applications of these novel fields in forecasting and optimization. Through case studies and examples, we will demonstrate why now is the time you should invest to learn about the topics that will reshape the financial services industry of the future!
Topics in Econometrics
1) To understand the underlying structure of Time Series represented by sequence of observations by breaking it down to its components.
2) To fit a mathematical model and proceed to forecast the future.
Time Series Analysis - 1 | Time Series in R | Time Series Forecasting | Data ...Simplilearn
This Time Series Analysis (Part-1) in R presentation will help you understand what is time series, why time series, components of time series, when not to use time series, why does a time series have to be stationary, how to make a time series stationary and at the end, you will also see a use case where we will forecast car sales for 5th year using the given data. A time series is a sequence of data being recorded at specific time intervals. The past values are analyzed to forecast a future which is time-dependent. Compared to other forecast algorithms, with time series we deal with a single variable which is dependent on time. So, lets deep dive into this presentation and understand what is time series and how to implement time series using R.
Below topics are explained in this "Time Series in R Tutorial" -
1. Why time series?
2. What is time series?
3. Components of a time series
4. When not to use time series?
5. Why does a time series have to be stationary?
6. How to make a time series stationary?
7. Example: Forcast car sales for the 5th year
Become an expert in data analytics using the R programming language in this data science certification training course. You’ll master data exploration, data visualization, predictive analytics and descriptive analytics techniques with the R language. With this data science course, you’ll get hands-on practice on R CloudLab by implementing various real-life, industry-based projects in the domains of healthcare, retail, insurance, finance, airlines, music industry, and unemployment.
Why learn Data Science with R?
1. This course forms an ideal package for aspiring data analysts aspiring to build a successful career in analytics/data science. By the end of this training, participants will acquire a 360-degree overview of business analytics and R by mastering concepts like data exploration, data visualization, predictive analytics, etc
2. According to marketsandmarkets.com, the advanced analytics market will be worth $29.53 Billion by 2019
3. Wired.com points to a report by Glassdoor that the average salary of a data scientist is $118,709
4. Randstad reports that pay hikes in the analytics industry are 50% higher than IT
The Data Science with R is recommended for:
1. IT professionals looking for a career switch into data science and analytics
2. Software developers looking for a career switch into data science and analytics
3. Professionals working in data and business analytics
4. Graduates looking to build a career in analytics and data science
5. Anyone with a genuine interest in the data science field
6. Experienced professionals who would like to harness data science in their fields
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com/
An Improved Frequent Itemset Generation Algorithm Based On Correspondence cscpconf
Association rules play a very vital role in the present day market that especially involves generation of maximal frequent itemsets in an efficient way. The efficiency of association rule is determined by the number of database scans required to generate the frequent itemsets. This in turn is proportional to the time, which will lead to the faster computation of the frequent itemsets. In this paper, a single scan algorithm which makes use of the mapping of the item numbers and array indexing to achieve the generation of the frequent item sets dynamically and faster. The proposed algorithm is an incremental algorithm in that it generates frequent itemsets as and when the data is entered into the database
The explosion of sensors in all types of devices from “smart” consumer wearables and appliances to complex machines on manufacturing floors has given rise to a requirement to quickly analyze vast quantities of sensor metrics to provide meaningful insights. From exploratory to predictive analytics, analyzing time-series data is essential to address inefficiencies, identify risks and improve operations.
In this presentation, we will see how you can conduct exploratory analytics of time-series data rapidly to gain insights into the performance of the machines being monitored. We will talk about how to look at data from multiple metrics together in a holistic way to hone in on anomalies and identify potential problems. Finally, we will cover algorithms and techniques to predict future trends for time-series metrics. Along the way, we will discuss useful tools and technologies to perform time-series data analysis in minutes.
In this PPT, review and explain the types of trend and pattern analysis. Every dataset is unique, and the identification of trends and patterns in the underlying the data is important. If a business wishes to produce clear, accurate results, it must choose the algorithm and technique that is the most appropriate for a particular type of data and analysis.
Presentation for the Softskills Seminar course @ Telecom ParisTech. Topic is the paper by Domings Hulten "Mining high speed data streams". Presented by me the 30/11/2017
An Improved Frequent Itemset Generation Algorithm Based On Correspondence cscpconf
Association rules play a very vital role in the present day market that especially involves generation of maximal frequent itemsets in an efficient way. The efficiency of association rule is determined by the number of database scans required to generate the frequent itemsets. This in turn is proportional to the time, which will lead to the faster computation of the frequent itemsets. In this paper, a single scan algorithm which makes use of the mapping of the item numbers and array indexing to achieve the generation of the frequent item sets dynamically and faster. The proposed algorithm is an incremental algorithm in that it generates frequent itemsets as and when the data is entered into the database
The explosion of sensors in all types of devices from “smart” consumer wearables and appliances to complex machines on manufacturing floors has given rise to a requirement to quickly analyze vast quantities of sensor metrics to provide meaningful insights. From exploratory to predictive analytics, analyzing time-series data is essential to address inefficiencies, identify risks and improve operations.
In this presentation, we will see how you can conduct exploratory analytics of time-series data rapidly to gain insights into the performance of the machines being monitored. We will talk about how to look at data from multiple metrics together in a holistic way to hone in on anomalies and identify potential problems. Finally, we will cover algorithms and techniques to predict future trends for time-series metrics. Along the way, we will discuss useful tools and technologies to perform time-series data analysis in minutes.
In this PPT, review and explain the types of trend and pattern analysis. Every dataset is unique, and the identification of trends and patterns in the underlying the data is important. If a business wishes to produce clear, accurate results, it must choose the algorithm and technique that is the most appropriate for a particular type of data and analysis.
Presentation for the Softskills Seminar course @ Telecom ParisTech. Topic is the paper by Domings Hulten "Mining high speed data streams". Presented by me the 30/11/2017
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Empowering the Data Analytics Ecosystem: A Laser Focus on Value
The data analytics ecosystem thrives when every component functions at its peak, unlocking the true potential of data. Here's a laser focus on key areas for an empowered ecosystem:
1. Democratize Access, Not Data:
Granular Access Controls: Provide users with self-service tools tailored to their specific needs, preventing data overload and misuse.
Data Catalogs: Implement robust data catalogs for easy discovery and understanding of available data sources.
2. Foster Collaboration with Clear Roles:
Data Mesh Architecture: Break down data silos by creating a distributed data ownership model with clear ownership and responsibilities.
Collaborative Workspaces: Utilize interactive platforms where data scientists, analysts, and domain experts can work seamlessly together.
3. Leverage Advanced Analytics Strategically:
AI-powered Automation: Automate repetitive tasks like data cleaning and feature engineering, freeing up data talent for higher-level analysis.
Right-Tool Selection: Strategically choose the most effective advanced analytics techniques (e.g., AI, ML) based on specific business problems.
4. Prioritize Data Quality with Automation:
Automated Data Validation: Implement automated data quality checks to identify and rectify errors at the source, minimizing downstream issues.
Data Lineage Tracking: Track the flow of data throughout the ecosystem, ensuring transparency and facilitating root cause analysis for errors.
5. Cultivate a Data-Driven Mindset:
Metrics-Driven Performance Management: Align KPIs and performance metrics with data-driven insights to ensure actionable decision making.
Data Storytelling Workshops: Equip stakeholders with the skills to translate complex data findings into compelling narratives that drive action.
Benefits of a Precise Ecosystem:
Sharpened Focus: Precise access and clear roles ensure everyone works with the most relevant data, maximizing efficiency.
Actionable Insights: Strategic analytics and automated quality checks lead to more reliable and actionable data insights.
Continuous Improvement: Data-driven performance management fosters a culture of learning and continuous improvement.
Sustainable Growth: Empowered by data, organizations can make informed decisions to drive sustainable growth and innovation.
By focusing on these precise actions, organizations can create an empowered data analytics ecosystem that delivers real value by driving data-driven decisions and maximizing the return on their data investment.
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
Opendatabay - Open Data Marketplace.pptxOpendatabay
Opendatabay.com unlocks the power of data for everyone. Open Data Marketplace fosters a collaborative hub for data enthusiasts to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets.
First ever open hub for data enthusiasts to collaborate and innovate. A platform to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets. Through robust quality control and innovative technologies like blockchain verification, opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of datasets, empowering users to make data-driven decisions with confidence. Leverage cutting-edge AI technologies to enhance the data exploration, analysis, and discovery experience.
From intelligent search and recommendations to automated data productisation and quotation, Opendatabay AI-driven features streamline the data workflow. Finding the data you need shouldn't be a complex. Opendatabay simplifies the data acquisition process with an intuitive interface and robust search tools. Effortlessly explore, discover, and access the data you need, allowing you to focus on extracting valuable insights. Opendatabay breaks new ground with a dedicated, AI-generated, synthetic datasets.
Leverage these privacy-preserving datasets for training and testing AI models without compromising sensitive information. Opendatabay prioritizes transparency by providing detailed metadata, provenance information, and usage guidelines for each dataset, ensuring users have a comprehensive understanding of the data they're working with. By leveraging a powerful combination of distributed ledger technology and rigorous third-party audits Opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of every dataset. Security is at the core of Opendatabay. Marketplace implements stringent security measures, including encryption, access controls, and regular vulnerability assessments, to safeguard your data and protect your privacy.
Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
Algorithmic optimizations for Dynamic Levelwise PageRank (from STICD) : SHORT...
Analysis of Time Series Data & Pattern Sequencing
1. Multidimensional analysis and descriptive mining of complex data objects
Time Series and Sequence Data
• A r c h i s h m a n B a n d y o p a d h y a y ( 3 9 1 3 6 )
• G a u ra n g D h u m e ( 3 9 1 6 8 )
2. Data Stream Mining
Key characteristics :
• Temporarily ordered
• Fast changing
• Massive
• Potentially infinite
Streams of data flow in and
out of a computer system
continuously and with
varying update rates.
Data stream management
systems (DSMS) are used
to perform data mining on
the data stream
I/P O/P
Introduction to Business Intelligence – Archishman Bandyopadhyay & Gaurang Dhume , SIBM Pune (MBA 39 , Marketing A)
Data Stream Mining is the process of extracting
knowledge structures from continuous, rapid
data records.
A data stream is an ordered sequence of
instances that in many applications of data
stream mining can be read only once or a small
number of times using limited computing and
storage capabilities.
3. Time Series
A time series is a collection of
observations made sequentially in
time.
e.g.
• Financial time series like stock
fluctuations with time,
• Sales revenue with time,
• Budgetary analysis,
• Utility studies, inventory studies,
• Yield projections,
• Workload projections,
• Process and quality control,
• Observation of natural phenomena
(such as atmosphere, temperature,
wind, earthquake)
Major time series data mining tasks :
1. Indexing
2. Clustering
3. Classification
4. Prediction
5. Anomaly Detection
Time
Introduction to Business Intelligence – Archishman Bandyopadhyay & Gaurang Dhume , SIBM Pune (MBA 39 , Marketing A)
4. Trend Analysis ; Y=f(t)
Goals for Time series analysis :
• Modelling time series (i.e., to gain
insight into the mechanisms or
underlying forces that generate the
time series )
• Forecasting time series (i.e., to
predict the future values of the
time-series variables).
Major components or movements :
• Trend or long-term movement
• Cyclic movement
• Seasonal movements
• Irregular/Random movements
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Jan-01
Jul-01
Jan-02
Jul-02
Jan-03
Jul-03
Jan-04
Jul-04
Jan-05
Jul-05
Jan-06
Jul-06
Jan-07
Jul-07
Jan-08
Jul-08
Jan-09
Jul-09
Jan-10
Jul-10
Jan-11
Jul-11
Germany-Long-term interest rate (%)
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
97 -
Q1
97 -
Q2
97 -
Q3
97 -
Q4
98 -
Q1
98 -
Q2
98 -
Q3
98 -
Q4
99 -
Q1
99 -
Q2
99 -
Q3
99 -
Q4
Ice Cream Sales(Rs. Mn)
Long Term Trend
Seasonal Movement
Introduction to Business Intelligence – Archishman Bandyopadhyay & Gaurang Dhume , SIBM Pune (MBA 39 , Marketing A)
5. Sequential Pattern Mining
A Sequential database is any database
that consists of sequences of ordered
events, with or without concrete
notions of time.
Examples
• Web page traversal sequences
Customer shopping transaction
sequences (Renting “Star Wars”, then
“Empire Strikes Back”, then “Return of
the Jedi” in that order)
• Collection of ordered events within an
interval
Applications
• Targeted marketing
• Customer retention
• Weather prediction , etc
Pattern mining consists of discovering
interesting, useful, and unexpected
patterns in databases
Various types of patterns can be
discovered in databases, such as :
• Frequent item-sets,
• Associations,
• Subgraphs,
• Sequential rules, and
• Periodic patterns
Introduction to Business Intelligence – Archishman Bandyopadhyay & Gaurang Dhume , SIBM Pune (MBA 39 , Marketing A)
Seq. ID Sequence
1 {a , b} , {c} , {f , g} , {g} , {e}
2 {a , d} , {c} , {b} , {a , b , e , f }
3 {a} , {b} , {f , g} , {e}
4 {b} , {f , g}
Example :
6. Applying Sequential Pattern Mining to Time Series
Introduction to Business Intelligence – Archishman Bandyopadhyay & Gaurang Dhume , SIBM Pune (MBA 39 , Marketing A)
It is possible to convert time
series to sequences by
discretizing the time series
(transforming the numbers into
symbols).
Then techniques for analysing
sequences can also be applied to
analyse the time series - one of
the most popular algorithms for
the same being the SAX
algorithm (Symbolic Aggregate
approXimation)
Step 1 : PAA (piecewise
aggregate approximation)
Split the time series into 8
segments and replace each
segment by its average ,to
reduce the dimensionality
n = 11 (orgnl. data pts.)
w = 4 (no. of symbols)
v = 8 (PAA data pts.)
Step 2 : Each data point is
replaced by a symbol (to
represent various intervals of
values such that each is equally
probable under the normal
distribution)
Four symbols are created:
a = [-Infinity, 4.50]
b = [4.50, 6.2]
c = [6.2, 7.90]
d = [7.90,Infinity]
The result is a sequence of symbols: a, a, c, d, d, c, c, b
Step 3 : This sequence is the symbolic representation of the
time series.
Then, after a time series has been converted to a sequence, it is
possible to apply traditional pattern mining algorithms on the
time series
7. Common Sequential Pattern Mining Algorithms
I. Apriori-based Approaches (If a sequence S is not frequent, then
none of the supersequences of S is frequent) :
• GSP (Generalized Sequential Pattern)
• SPADE (Sequential PAttern Discovery using Equivalent Class)
II. Pattern-Growth-based Approaches (Sequence databases are
recursively projected into a set of smaller projected databases based on
the current sequential pattern(s), and sequential patterns are grown in
each projected databases by exploring only locally frequent fragments) :
• FreeSpan
• PrefixSpan (Prefix-Projected Sequential Pattern Growth)
8. Common Sequential Pattern Mining Algorithms
Algorithm (Top Down – Apriori , Bottom Up – Pattern Growth)
Large supermarket tracks sales data by
stock-keeping unit (SKU) for each item: each
item, such as "butter" or "bread", is
identified by a numerical SKU. The
supermarket has a database of transactions
where each transaction is a set of SKUs that
were bought together.
Let the database of transactions consist of
following item sets:
Item sets
{1,2,3,4}
{1,2,4}
{1,2}
{2,3,4}
{2,3}
{3,4}
{2,4}
Count the no. of
occurrences, called
the support, of each
member item
separately. By
scanning the
database for the first
time, we obtain the
following result
Item Support
{1} 3
{2} 6
{3} 4
{4} 5
Say that an item set is frequent if it appears in at least 3
transactions of the database: the value 3 is the support
threshold.
All the itemsets of size 1 have a support of at least 3, so they
are all frequent.
The next step is to generate a list of all pairs of the frequent
items.
For example, regarding the pair {1,2}: the first table of
Example 2 shows items 1 and 2 appearing together in three
of the itemsets; therefore, we say item {1,2} has support of
three.
Item
Supp
ort
{1,2} 3
{1,3} 1
{1,4} 2
{2,3} 3
{2,4} 4
{3,4} 3
The pairs {1,2}, {2,3}, {2,4}, and
{3,4} all meet or exceed the
minimum support of 3, so they
are frequent. The pairs {1,3}
and {1,4} are not. Now, because
{1,3} and {1,4} are not
frequent, any larger set which
contains {1,3} or {1,4} cannot
be frequent. In this way, we can
prune sets: we will now look
for frequent triples in the
database
9. - Thank You -
• http://data-mining.philippe-fournier-
viger.com/introduction-time-series-
mining-spmf/
• http://data-mining.philippe-fournier-
viger.com/introduction-sequential-
pattern-mining/
• http://web.engr.illinois.edu/~hanj/cs5
12/bk2chaps/chapter_8.pdf
• Lin, J., Keogh, E., Wei, L., Lonardi, S.:
Experiencing SAX: a novel symbolic
representation of time series. Data
Mining and Knowledge Discovery 15,
107–144 (2007)
Sources :