the presentation focus on the fact that how different forces act on the lumbar spine and with changing the posture or while walking and sitting how much the lumbar spine is able to bear load with in safe limit.
This presentation describes the biomechanical basis for the expression of muscular strength and power. In it you will learn to calculate force, work, and power. You will then learn how building strength improves power and performance in sport. Finally, we will take this information and apply it to training and sports.
THE CORE is associated with abdominal muscle groups (transversus abdominis, internal/external obliques, rectus abdominis), hip abductors/adductors, hip flexors, and the lumbar spine.
This presentation outlines all of the muscles involved in developing core stability including:
- origin
- insertion
- action
Effects of various types of lifting like stoop lifting, squat lifting, semi-squat lifting on the body and also when to use which type of lift to help prevent or minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
This presentation describes the biomechanical basis for the expression of muscular strength and power. In it you will learn to calculate force, work, and power. You will then learn how building strength improves power and performance in sport. Finally, we will take this information and apply it to training and sports.
THE CORE is associated with abdominal muscle groups (transversus abdominis, internal/external obliques, rectus abdominis), hip abductors/adductors, hip flexors, and the lumbar spine.
This presentation outlines all of the muscles involved in developing core stability including:
- origin
- insertion
- action
Effects of various types of lifting like stoop lifting, squat lifting, semi-squat lifting on the body and also when to use which type of lift to help prevent or minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
Shoulder joint Bio-Mechanics and Sports Specific RehabilitationFabiha Fatima
Shoulder joint Bio-Mechanics and Sports Specific Rehabilitation.
What does the PPT consists of ?
General Biomechanics of Shoulder joint as well as the Bio-mechanics of certain specific sports such as Throwing, Swimming and Racket Sports.
along with a comprehensive rehabilitation of shoulder injuries.
** Above uploaded document has been made as a study material for classroom presentation. it is powered by .gif files which may not be working in this format.**
the presentation gives a detail information about the seronegative spondyloarthropathy. this ppt also provide recent evidences to frame the rehab protocol.
this ppt only focus on the pieces of evidence of swiss ball use in rehabilitation and to build the base so that one can frame effective rehab protocol.
hip osteoarthritis is most disabling condition and surgery is a consequence of the same. but if this condition can assess on time so it can be manageable with conservative treatment and decrease the prevalence of AVN. further life of an individual become better.
this presentation briefly discus about muscle and its related disorder. some myopathies which are common are cover here in an approach to provide basis of the same disease and treatment. this ppt is basically from chapter 32 zakazewski.
upeer limb ortosis is now a day use very fraquently. this ppt provide general guidelines and information on common parts of the orthosis and some recent advances.
this ppt give brief description about shoulder ampution and management after prosthetic replacement to make easy to focus on rehabilitation part and try to clear the general guideline.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
3. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATION FOR THE
INTERSPINOUS AND SUPRASPINOUS LIGAMENT
Heylings, D. J. "Supraspinous and interspinous ligaments of the human lumbar spine." Journal of
anatomy 125.Pt 1 (1978): 127.
Interspinous ligament are
not parallel to the
compressive axis ,
supraspinatus ligament are
parallel to the compressive
axis.
4. LOAD ON LOW BACK DURING FORWARD
BENDING WITH FLEXED LUMBAR SPINE
• Lumbar spine subjected to large compression
and shear
• Compressive loading is larger than shear
• 10kN compression can be tolerated but 1000N
shear force cause injury with cyclical loading
• In forward bending when lumbar spine is also
flexing cause the posterior ligament to strain
• If a subject hold a load with spine fully flexed,
myoelectric silence achieve by extensors
muscles
• Anterior shear force increases so that shear
force exceed 1000N,224lb (102kg)
• This example demonstrate spine is at greater
risk of sustaining shear injury (>1000N or
102kg) than compressive injury (3000N or
304kg)
8. Lifting guidelines
• National institute of
occupational safety and health
(NIOSH) has set guidelines to
protect workers from excessive
loads on lumbar spine.
• It has recommended an upper
safe limit of 3400 N (346.5kg)of
compression force on the L5-S1
junction.
• The maximal load-carrying
capacity of lumbar spine is
estimated to be 6400N (653kg),
twice the max. safe force
recommended by NIOSH.
11. A. The external moment (MEXT) on the
lumbosacral junction is the sum of the
moments due to the weight of the
head, arms, and trunk (W) and the
moment due to the load being lifted
(F). An increase in the magnitude of
either W or F increases the external
moment on the lumbosacral junction.
B. An increase in the moment arm of the
head, arms, and trunk weight (d1) or
the moment arm of the load (d2) also
increases the external moment
(MEXT) on the lumbosacral junction.
12. Ways to reduce the force demands on the
back muscles during lifting
• Reduce the speed of lifting
• Reduce the magnitude of the external load
• Reduce the length of external moment arm
• Increase the length of internal moment arm
13. Role of increase intra-abdominal pressure
during lifting
• Bartelink first introduced the notion that the valsalva maneuver, typically
used while large loads are lifted, may help unload and thereby protect the
lumbar spine.
• Vigorous contraction of abdominals Muscles → creates rigid column of
high pressure within abdomen that pushes upward against diaphragm,
anteriorly against deep abdominal Muscles (T.A,I.O), downward against
pelvic floor muscles → intra-abdominal balloon → would create an
extension torque on lumbar spine → thereby reducing demands on
lumbar extensor muscles → decrease muscular based compressive forces
on lumbar spine.
14. Additional sources of extension torque used for
lifting
• Passive tension generation from stretching the posterior
ligamentous system
• Muscular generated tension transferred through the
thoracolumbar fascia
15.
16.
17. Loads in the lumbosacral region during bending
and lifting
• Peak joint moment between 200 & 250 Nm are reported at the
lumbosacral joint while lifting or lowering 10 to 15 kg load.
• Estimate compressive loads on the disc range from 1200 N (122kg)to more
than 5500N (560kg).
• Reported peak anterior shear forces range from approximately 400 to
1200N (40 to 122 kg)
• Peak compression loads on the lumbar spine reported 7000N (713kg)
when lifting 27kg of weight. In lumbar spine lifting with flexed lumbar
spine greatly increase anterior shear force by inhibiting the contraction of
the extensor muscles.
• That is why spondylolisthesis is common at L5-S1 junction.
18. Loads on the lumbosacral joint during walking
• Average peak compression force
at LS joint range from 1.7 to 2.52
times of body weight and anterior
shear range from 0.22 to 0.33
times of body weight during speed
walking.
• The resultant force on LS facet
smaller than the load on disc (1.5
times of body weight).
• Reaction force on both peak
during double limb support
phases of gait when pelvis id lifted
anteriorly.
19. Load on lumbosacral joint in sitting
• Slouched sitting posture appear to increase the anterior shear forces on the
lumbosacral junction when the backrest pushes HAT weight anteriorly as the
sacrum rotates posteriorly.
21. Two contrasting lifting techniques: the stoop v/s
the squat lift
STOOP LIFT
• Performed primarily by
extending the hips and lumbar
region while knees remain
slightly flexed.
• requires greater extension
forces from low back and
extensor muscles. this create
large compression and shear
forces.
• 23-34% more metabolically
efficient than squat lift in
terms of work performed per
level of oxygen.
SQUAT LIFT
• Begins with near maximally
flexed knees.
• Reduce demands on low back
tissues
Creates greater demands on
knees. impose large pressures
across the tibiofemoral and
patellofemoral joints.
• Squat lift requires greater
work because a greater
proportion of the total body
mass must be moved through
space.
22.
23. Factors that contribute to safe lift
• Lift with the lumbar spine as close as possible to its neutral (lordotic)
position.
• A lifted load should be light and held close to a body.
• Load is lifted from between the knees.
• Avoid twisting while lifting.
• Lift as slowly and smoothly as conditions allow.
• Lift with a moderately wide BOS.
• Minimize the vertical and horizontal distance that a load must be lifted.
• When lifting, fully use the hip and knee muscles to minimize force
demands on the low back muscles.