In the current study, we have analyzed the contribution of agricultural sub-sectors growth rate to
the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan by using secondary data from 2001 to 2015. Ordinary Least
Square (OLS) method was applied to estimate the model parameter. For this purpose the study considered a
dependent variable of agriculture GDP growth rate and several independents variables include major, minor
crops, livestock, fishery and forestry. The regression analysis of the data showed a positive and significant
contribution in agriculture GDP growth rate. However, fishery and forestry sub-sectors contribute growth rates
were considered poor as compared with other sub-sectors could be due to less attention paid from the
government. Our study suggests that Government of Pakistan should consider the importance of both
agricultural sub-sectors to increase there’s contribution growth rate towards agriculture GDP growth rate in
Pakistan.
This document summarizes a paper that examines the role and challenges of small-scale agriculture in India. It notes that small and marginal farmers account for over 80% of agricultural land holdings but only 44% of operated area, indicating significant land inequality. Small farms play an important role in agricultural growth, food security, and livelihoods. However, small farmers face challenges in accessing inputs, credit, technology, and markets. Government intervention and support are still needed to level the playing field for small farms and achieve sustainable agricultural growth and food security in India.
The document discusses key indicators of the Indian economy and agriculture sector. It provides statistics showing India's GDP growth rate, exports, imports, foreign exchange reserves, and FDI inflows have all been increasing in recent years. However, agriculture still faces major problems like low productivity and farmers' debts. The 11th five-year economic plan aims to boost agricultural GDP growth to 4% annually through a second green revolution and increasing irrigation.
IRJET- Trend Analysis of Cattle Deaths Due to FloodsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes cattle deaths due to floods in India from 1953 to 2015. It finds that cattle deaths have had an increasing trend overall but show a decreasing trend after 1980. This shift in trend is likely due to government policies like Operation Flood in the 1980s that increased veterinary support and guidelines for transporting cattle during disasters. While floods have impacted large areas and caused over 200,000 cattle deaths in some years, deaths have accounted for only 0.0387% of the total cattle population on average. The cattle population in India has grown overall despite periodic disasters and diseases.
The document summarizes the economy of India, including its transition from socialist policies to economic liberalization. It discusses key sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services. Some main points are:
- India adopted socialist policies for most of its independent history, but has transitioned to a more market-based economy since the 1980s and further reforms in 1991.
- The economy has grown significantly with annual GDP growth reaching 7.5% in the late 2000s, though poverty reduction has been slower.
- Agriculture remains important but services have grown the fastest; concerns remain about lack of job growth.
- Economic reforms continue and priorities include further public sector reforms and improving infrastructure.
INDIAN ECONOMY & SECTORIAL CONTRIBUTION IN GDP.Ammar Dalvi
The Indian economy has a GDP of $1.824 trillion, with the service sector contributing the most at 56.9% of GDP. Agriculture contributes 17.4% despite facing problems like poor infrastructure and lack of storage facilities. The industrial sector, including textiles, retail, and manufacturing, contributes 28.8% but has potential for more growth. Information technology and business process outsourcing are major contributors to the strong service sector. Addressing agricultural challenges and increasing manufacturing output could help develop the Indian economy further.
Food Processing Industries (A support system for Non Farm Activities in Rural...iosrjce
“The prosperity of India lies in the prosperity of Villages”--- Mahatma Gandhi
As there is a lot of change in the occupational structure of India since independence. But change in the overall
economy did not have a pronounced effect on rural economies as Indian population still depends largely on
agriculture sector. So, pressure on land should be reduced by giving priority to Rural Non-Farm
Activities(RNFA). Food Processing is one of the such Non-Farm Activity (NFA) which can play a crucial role in
reducing unemployment, poverty and enhances development activities in rural areas. This paper is an attempt to
explain about the significance and performance of important non-farm activity – The food processing industry
(FPI) in India. Further it highlights the major problems faced by FPI. At last it concludes with some remedial
measures for improving their performance
An analysis of factors affecting smallholder rice farmers’ levelAlexander Decker
This document analyzes factors affecting market participation among smallholder rice farmers in Tanzania. It uses survey data from 842 households in major rice producing regions to quantitatively analyze the determinants of sales volumes and market participation. The results found that household consumption, land cultivated, livestock owned, and being in a rural area positively impacted market participation, while non-farm income and being in Mbeya or Tabora regions negatively impacted it. The study also identified low rice production, poor transportation infrastructure, lack of nearby markets, and inadequate access to improved seeds and inputs as major problems limiting smallholder farmers' participation in markets.
This document summarizes a paper that examines the role and challenges of small-scale agriculture in India. It notes that small and marginal farmers account for over 80% of agricultural land holdings but only 44% of operated area, indicating significant land inequality. Small farms play an important role in agricultural growth, food security, and livelihoods. However, small farmers face challenges in accessing inputs, credit, technology, and markets. Government intervention and support are still needed to level the playing field for small farms and achieve sustainable agricultural growth and food security in India.
The document discusses key indicators of the Indian economy and agriculture sector. It provides statistics showing India's GDP growth rate, exports, imports, foreign exchange reserves, and FDI inflows have all been increasing in recent years. However, agriculture still faces major problems like low productivity and farmers' debts. The 11th five-year economic plan aims to boost agricultural GDP growth to 4% annually through a second green revolution and increasing irrigation.
IRJET- Trend Analysis of Cattle Deaths Due to FloodsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes cattle deaths due to floods in India from 1953 to 2015. It finds that cattle deaths have had an increasing trend overall but show a decreasing trend after 1980. This shift in trend is likely due to government policies like Operation Flood in the 1980s that increased veterinary support and guidelines for transporting cattle during disasters. While floods have impacted large areas and caused over 200,000 cattle deaths in some years, deaths have accounted for only 0.0387% of the total cattle population on average. The cattle population in India has grown overall despite periodic disasters and diseases.
The document summarizes the economy of India, including its transition from socialist policies to economic liberalization. It discusses key sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services. Some main points are:
- India adopted socialist policies for most of its independent history, but has transitioned to a more market-based economy since the 1980s and further reforms in 1991.
- The economy has grown significantly with annual GDP growth reaching 7.5% in the late 2000s, though poverty reduction has been slower.
- Agriculture remains important but services have grown the fastest; concerns remain about lack of job growth.
- Economic reforms continue and priorities include further public sector reforms and improving infrastructure.
INDIAN ECONOMY & SECTORIAL CONTRIBUTION IN GDP.Ammar Dalvi
The Indian economy has a GDP of $1.824 trillion, with the service sector contributing the most at 56.9% of GDP. Agriculture contributes 17.4% despite facing problems like poor infrastructure and lack of storage facilities. The industrial sector, including textiles, retail, and manufacturing, contributes 28.8% but has potential for more growth. Information technology and business process outsourcing are major contributors to the strong service sector. Addressing agricultural challenges and increasing manufacturing output could help develop the Indian economy further.
Food Processing Industries (A support system for Non Farm Activities in Rural...iosrjce
“The prosperity of India lies in the prosperity of Villages”--- Mahatma Gandhi
As there is a lot of change in the occupational structure of India since independence. But change in the overall
economy did not have a pronounced effect on rural economies as Indian population still depends largely on
agriculture sector. So, pressure on land should be reduced by giving priority to Rural Non-Farm
Activities(RNFA). Food Processing is one of the such Non-Farm Activity (NFA) which can play a crucial role in
reducing unemployment, poverty and enhances development activities in rural areas. This paper is an attempt to
explain about the significance and performance of important non-farm activity – The food processing industry
(FPI) in India. Further it highlights the major problems faced by FPI. At last it concludes with some remedial
measures for improving their performance
An analysis of factors affecting smallholder rice farmers’ levelAlexander Decker
This document analyzes factors affecting market participation among smallholder rice farmers in Tanzania. It uses survey data from 842 households in major rice producing regions to quantitatively analyze the determinants of sales volumes and market participation. The results found that household consumption, land cultivated, livestock owned, and being in a rural area positively impacted market participation, while non-farm income and being in Mbeya or Tabora regions negatively impacted it. The study also identified low rice production, poor transportation infrastructure, lack of nearby markets, and inadequate access to improved seeds and inputs as major problems limiting smallholder farmers' participation in markets.
DETERMINANT OF RICE CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL DATA IN INDONESIAIAEME Publication
Rice is the main staple food for the population of Indonesia. Although people in several provinces such as Papua and Maluku initially consumed staple foods other than rice such as sago and tubers, they are currently switching to consuming rice. Rice demand for consumption in Indonesia is increasing with the increasing population. This study aims to determine the dynamics of rice consumption and its determinants in Indonesia. The data used are data originating from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Agriculture, which includes data from 33 provinces in the period 2010-2018. The data was analyzed using panel data regression analysis with the selected model fixed effect model on the equality of functions of rice consumption in Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that rice consumption in Indonesia influenced by the number of households, rice prices, cooking oil prices, chicken prices, participation in rice consumption, age and social assistance. Price elasticity and income elasticity is inelastic, but income elasticity not statistically significant. There are indications that food diversification is happening, can be seen from consumption decline due to social assistance which provides alternative choices of consumption
Status of Agricultural Food Sector: Basis for A Proposed Continuity PlanIJAEMSJORNAL
This study described the status of agriculture in the province of Nueva Ecija. It determined the current situation of the farming business in Nueva Ecija in terms of agricultural land use, its statistical profile on agriculture, crops grown by cities and municipalities and the presence of support agencies in maintaining the continuous development of farming and other forms of agriculture therein. Based on its agriculture profile, land, mostly irrigated shares the biggest portion in terms of its usage for food production. Rice, corn, onion and tomatoes are the major crops being grown in cities and municipalities. Findings revealed that rice and corn share the biggest in domestic consumption. For support agencies, bank and business agencies are found in support for farmers while the government mostly provides seminars. It was also revealed that other seeds for crops are introduced as a farmer’s option and lesser in choosing for an investment in their income. As their contingency plan, farmers opt to sell and engage in driving rather than farming during lean months. Pest attacks constitute the main problem encountered by farmers, while seeding management is a priority. The above findings point to certain sustainability that requires improvement and a continuity plan to match up with the continuous supply of goods from the farms to the demands of an increasing population for its consumption.
Nipon Poapongsakorn, Thailand Development Research Institute
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia conference “Agriculture and Rural Transformation in Asia: Past Experiences and Future Opportunities”. An international conference jointly organized by ReSAKSS-Asia, IFPRI, TDRI, and TVSEP project of Leibniz Universit Hannover with support from USAID and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) at the Dusit Thani Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand December 12–14, 2017.
The document summarizes food production and processing in India, with a focus on the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It discusses the following key points:
- India is the second largest producer of food after China, with cereal production over 250 million tonnes annually.
- The food processing sector accounts for 30% of India's total food market and is one of the largest industries in India.
- Andhra Pradesh and Telangana are two major food producing states in India, collectively accounting for 25% of the country's food processing industries.
- The document provides detailed production statistics on grains, fruits/vegetables, meat/eggs, milk, and fish for the two states
POULTRY AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/
POULTRY FARM FOR SALE
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/for-sale
POULTRY FARM BROILER RATES
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/poultry-rates
POULTRY FARM SELL AND BUY SUPPLIERS
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/suppliers
CONTACT US
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/contact
This document provides information on trends in area production and productivity of fruits and vegetables in India and the state of Kerala. Some key points:
- India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally, accounting for about 16% of global vegetable production and 10% of world fruit production.
- Kerala produces a variety of fruits like jackfruit, mango, banana, pineapple, and papaya. The total area under fruit cultivation in 2015-16 was 3,30,644 hectares.
- Major vegetables grown in Kerala include drumstick, bitter gourd, ladies finger, brinjal, green chilies, and cucumber. The total area under vegetable cultivation in 2016-17 was 46
Government Spending and Rural Development: China Caseedunetwork
This document analyzes rural development in China from 1993 to 2004 through the relationship between government public spending (on agriculture, infrastructure, and education) and rural poverty and agricultural value added. Regression analyses show that:
1) Increased agricultural value added is strongly correlated with reduced poverty.
2) Agricultural value added increases with higher spending on agriculture, infrastructure, and education.
3) Infrastructure spending appears to most influence agricultural value added growth.
This document discusses the classification and distribution of economic sectors in Kerala and India. It notes that the tertiary sector, which includes services, contributes the largest share to the economy of both Kerala (66-71%) and India (68%). The primary sector, including agriculture, contributes 14-20% in Kerala and 18% in India. The secondary sector, including manufacturing, contributes 20% in Kerala and 14-18% in India. It also provides data on poverty levels, showing that Kerala has a much lower percentage of population below the poverty line than all of India.
Impact Assessment of Horticulture Development on Socio Economic Conditions in...ijtsrd
This document discusses the impact of horticulture development on the socio-economic conditions in Shopian district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It finds that growth in horticulture has largely and positively impacted socio-economic standards in the region. Households with more family members engaged in horticulture had higher incomes and literacy rates. Most respondents' primary source of income was horticulture. Over 95% of surveyed households owned their homes, indicating positive changes to living standards from horticulture development. The study reveals horticulture's potential to boost socio-economic conditions in the region.
This document summarizes the impact of India's 7.9% GDP growth rate on its major economic sectors - agriculture, manufacturing, and services - as well as job creation. It notes that while GDP has grown at 7.9%, job creation has only increased by 1%. Agriculture accounts for 18.6% of GDP but 60% of employment. The manufacturing sector represents 9% of GDP and 17% of jobs. Services make up 59% of GDP and 18.1% of employment. It outlines challenges facing each sector, such as unskilled labor and technology issues in manufacturing, and infrastructure problems in services.
FACTORS INFLUENCING DOMESTIC FRESH MILK PRODUCTION (SSDN)IAEME Publication
Currently the supply of domestic fresh milk (SSDN) is still unable to fulfill the need
of domestic fresh milk. The limited supply as well as limited production of fresh milk in the country is caused by forage finding difficulty, relatively expensive concentrate
prices, limited farmers’ capital, fluctuating milk prices, and farmers’ inability to
increase dairy cow population by cattle breeding; they depend on natural birth alone.
The aim of this research is to identify the general description of dairy cattle business
and analyze the influential factors of domestic fresh milk (SSDN) production.
Quantitative approach is used in the research method. The data used are primary data
and secondary data related to the research. The research located in Boyolali District,
Central Java Province. Multiple Linear Regression method using the Cobb Douglas
model is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the number of dairy cattle,
forage feed, concentrates and land area have a significant effect on the amount of milk
production for dairy cattle. While partially, only the number of dairy cattle have a
significant effect on the amount of domestic fresh milk production (SSDN).
This presentation contains the positive and negative impacts regarding corona. I made it from various resources and wanted it share it publicly, so that others can also use it.
This document provides an overview of the Indian food processing industry. It discusses that agriculture is an important sector for India's economy and food processing accounts for about 32% of India's total food market. The size of the food processing industry in 2014-15 was estimated at INR 7.95 trillion and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.5% to INR 12.5 trillion by 2019-20. The top states contributing to agricultural output and food processing units are Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Exports of food processing products have grown at a CAGR of 33% from 2010-11 to 2014-15. The document examines key segments, production
Analysis of resource use efficiency in smallholder mixed crop livestock agric...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the resource use efficiency of smallholder mixed crop-livestock farmers in central Ethiopia. It finds that on average, farmers are 26% technically inefficient, 32% allocatively inefficient, and 50% economically inefficient in their production of major crops like teff, wheat, and chickpeas. A regression analysis finds that livestock ownership and off-farm work reduce inefficiency, while large family size and association membership increase inefficiency. The study suggests improving integrated livestock and crop systems, promoting off-farm activities, and reforming farmers' associations to boost efficiency.
An analysis of technical efficiency of rice farmers in ahero irrigation schem...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the technical efficiency of rice farmers in Ahero Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. It begins with background on rice production and consumption trends in Kenya. Rice consumption has been increasing at 12% annually compared to 4% for wheat and 1% for maize. However, production has not kept pace with demand, resulting in a large import deficit. The study estimates a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function to determine technical efficiency and its determinants. It finds the technical efficiency of rice farmers is 0.82. Gender, farming experience, income level, and distance to market significantly influence technical efficiency. The study recommends policies to improve input affordability and farm incomes, as well as transport infrastructure, to increase efficiency of rice
India has the second largest agricultural land area in the world and is one of the largest producers globally of many agricultural products. Some key points:
- India produces over 275 million tonnes of food grains annually and is the largest producer of many crops including spices, pulses, milk and tea.
- Agricultural exports have grown significantly in recent years, reaching $33.87 billion in FY2017, with rice, marine products and buffalo meat among the major exports.
- Production of many crops like rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables has increased steadily, with record production levels achieved for many crops in FY2017.
- Private sector investment is growing in food processing segments like fruits/vegetables, dairy,
- India has the 10th largest amount of arable land in the world and produces many agricultural goods. It is the largest producer of many crops and second largest for others.
- Agricultural production has been increasing, with record production of food grains in 2017-18. Fruit and vegetable production is also rising steadily.
- There are two major seasons for agriculture in India - Kharif from April to September and Rabi from October to March. Production of staple crops like rice and wheat has been increasing.
- Agricultural exports from India have also been growing with the country among the top 15 exporters globally.
The document discusses the sectoral distribution of the Indian economy. It is divided into three main sectors: the primary sector involves activities like agriculture, fishing, mining and forestry; the secondary sector includes industries like steel, textiles, energy and manufacturing; the tertiary sector or service sector involves industries like banking, insurance, hotels and airlines. The primary sector's contribution to GDP has declined from 50% in 1970 to around 25% now, while the secondary and tertiary sectors have grown in their share of the Indian economy.
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH A CASE OF PAKISTANLuz Martinez
The document analyzes the relationship between agriculture productivity and economic growth in Pakistan from 1994 to 2017. It finds that:
- Gross capital formation (GCF) and inflation rate have a negative relationship with economic growth in both the short-run and long-run, while other variables like employed labor force, fertilizer, and agriculture productivity have a positive relationship.
- The government should increase investment in agriculture and introduce new technologies to improve productivity in the sector and boost economic growth.
- Empirical results from time series data and the ARDL model show agriculture productivity positively impacts Pakistan's economic growth. Increased productivity leads to increased income, employment, food security, and foreign exchange earnings.
An Analytical Study on Impact of WTO on Agricultural Trade in India.Eliza Sharma
1. To study the trends of agricultural trade in India during pre and post WTO regime
2. To compute the terms of trade in Indian agriculture
3. To examine the comparative advantage in India’s agricultural trade.
4. To study the instability of India’s agricultural trade and suggest appropriate policy measures for improving the agricultural trade
DETERMINANT OF RICE CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL DATA IN INDONESIAIAEME Publication
Rice is the main staple food for the population of Indonesia. Although people in several provinces such as Papua and Maluku initially consumed staple foods other than rice such as sago and tubers, they are currently switching to consuming rice. Rice demand for consumption in Indonesia is increasing with the increasing population. This study aims to determine the dynamics of rice consumption and its determinants in Indonesia. The data used are data originating from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Agriculture, which includes data from 33 provinces in the period 2010-2018. The data was analyzed using panel data regression analysis with the selected model fixed effect model on the equality of functions of rice consumption in Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that rice consumption in Indonesia influenced by the number of households, rice prices, cooking oil prices, chicken prices, participation in rice consumption, age and social assistance. Price elasticity and income elasticity is inelastic, but income elasticity not statistically significant. There are indications that food diversification is happening, can be seen from consumption decline due to social assistance which provides alternative choices of consumption
Status of Agricultural Food Sector: Basis for A Proposed Continuity PlanIJAEMSJORNAL
This study described the status of agriculture in the province of Nueva Ecija. It determined the current situation of the farming business in Nueva Ecija in terms of agricultural land use, its statistical profile on agriculture, crops grown by cities and municipalities and the presence of support agencies in maintaining the continuous development of farming and other forms of agriculture therein. Based on its agriculture profile, land, mostly irrigated shares the biggest portion in terms of its usage for food production. Rice, corn, onion and tomatoes are the major crops being grown in cities and municipalities. Findings revealed that rice and corn share the biggest in domestic consumption. For support agencies, bank and business agencies are found in support for farmers while the government mostly provides seminars. It was also revealed that other seeds for crops are introduced as a farmer’s option and lesser in choosing for an investment in their income. As their contingency plan, farmers opt to sell and engage in driving rather than farming during lean months. Pest attacks constitute the main problem encountered by farmers, while seeding management is a priority. The above findings point to certain sustainability that requires improvement and a continuity plan to match up with the continuous supply of goods from the farms to the demands of an increasing population for its consumption.
Nipon Poapongsakorn, Thailand Development Research Institute
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia conference “Agriculture and Rural Transformation in Asia: Past Experiences and Future Opportunities”. An international conference jointly organized by ReSAKSS-Asia, IFPRI, TDRI, and TVSEP project of Leibniz Universit Hannover with support from USAID and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) at the Dusit Thani Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand December 12–14, 2017.
The document summarizes food production and processing in India, with a focus on the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It discusses the following key points:
- India is the second largest producer of food after China, with cereal production over 250 million tonnes annually.
- The food processing sector accounts for 30% of India's total food market and is one of the largest industries in India.
- Andhra Pradesh and Telangana are two major food producing states in India, collectively accounting for 25% of the country's food processing industries.
- The document provides detailed production statistics on grains, fruits/vegetables, meat/eggs, milk, and fish for the two states
POULTRY AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/
POULTRY FARM FOR SALE
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/for-sale
POULTRY FARM BROILER RATES
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/poultry-rates
POULTRY FARM SELL AND BUY SUPPLIERS
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/category/suppliers
CONTACT US
http://pakistanpoultryupdates.com/contact
This document provides information on trends in area production and productivity of fruits and vegetables in India and the state of Kerala. Some key points:
- India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally, accounting for about 16% of global vegetable production and 10% of world fruit production.
- Kerala produces a variety of fruits like jackfruit, mango, banana, pineapple, and papaya. The total area under fruit cultivation in 2015-16 was 3,30,644 hectares.
- Major vegetables grown in Kerala include drumstick, bitter gourd, ladies finger, brinjal, green chilies, and cucumber. The total area under vegetable cultivation in 2016-17 was 46
Government Spending and Rural Development: China Caseedunetwork
This document analyzes rural development in China from 1993 to 2004 through the relationship between government public spending (on agriculture, infrastructure, and education) and rural poverty and agricultural value added. Regression analyses show that:
1) Increased agricultural value added is strongly correlated with reduced poverty.
2) Agricultural value added increases with higher spending on agriculture, infrastructure, and education.
3) Infrastructure spending appears to most influence agricultural value added growth.
This document discusses the classification and distribution of economic sectors in Kerala and India. It notes that the tertiary sector, which includes services, contributes the largest share to the economy of both Kerala (66-71%) and India (68%). The primary sector, including agriculture, contributes 14-20% in Kerala and 18% in India. The secondary sector, including manufacturing, contributes 20% in Kerala and 14-18% in India. It also provides data on poverty levels, showing that Kerala has a much lower percentage of population below the poverty line than all of India.
Impact Assessment of Horticulture Development on Socio Economic Conditions in...ijtsrd
This document discusses the impact of horticulture development on the socio-economic conditions in Shopian district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It finds that growth in horticulture has largely and positively impacted socio-economic standards in the region. Households with more family members engaged in horticulture had higher incomes and literacy rates. Most respondents' primary source of income was horticulture. Over 95% of surveyed households owned their homes, indicating positive changes to living standards from horticulture development. The study reveals horticulture's potential to boost socio-economic conditions in the region.
This document summarizes the impact of India's 7.9% GDP growth rate on its major economic sectors - agriculture, manufacturing, and services - as well as job creation. It notes that while GDP has grown at 7.9%, job creation has only increased by 1%. Agriculture accounts for 18.6% of GDP but 60% of employment. The manufacturing sector represents 9% of GDP and 17% of jobs. Services make up 59% of GDP and 18.1% of employment. It outlines challenges facing each sector, such as unskilled labor and technology issues in manufacturing, and infrastructure problems in services.
FACTORS INFLUENCING DOMESTIC FRESH MILK PRODUCTION (SSDN)IAEME Publication
Currently the supply of domestic fresh milk (SSDN) is still unable to fulfill the need
of domestic fresh milk. The limited supply as well as limited production of fresh milk in the country is caused by forage finding difficulty, relatively expensive concentrate
prices, limited farmers’ capital, fluctuating milk prices, and farmers’ inability to
increase dairy cow population by cattle breeding; they depend on natural birth alone.
The aim of this research is to identify the general description of dairy cattle business
and analyze the influential factors of domestic fresh milk (SSDN) production.
Quantitative approach is used in the research method. The data used are primary data
and secondary data related to the research. The research located in Boyolali District,
Central Java Province. Multiple Linear Regression method using the Cobb Douglas
model is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the number of dairy cattle,
forage feed, concentrates and land area have a significant effect on the amount of milk
production for dairy cattle. While partially, only the number of dairy cattle have a
significant effect on the amount of domestic fresh milk production (SSDN).
This presentation contains the positive and negative impacts regarding corona. I made it from various resources and wanted it share it publicly, so that others can also use it.
This document provides an overview of the Indian food processing industry. It discusses that agriculture is an important sector for India's economy and food processing accounts for about 32% of India's total food market. The size of the food processing industry in 2014-15 was estimated at INR 7.95 trillion and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.5% to INR 12.5 trillion by 2019-20. The top states contributing to agricultural output and food processing units are Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Exports of food processing products have grown at a CAGR of 33% from 2010-11 to 2014-15. The document examines key segments, production
Analysis of resource use efficiency in smallholder mixed crop livestock agric...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the resource use efficiency of smallholder mixed crop-livestock farmers in central Ethiopia. It finds that on average, farmers are 26% technically inefficient, 32% allocatively inefficient, and 50% economically inefficient in their production of major crops like teff, wheat, and chickpeas. A regression analysis finds that livestock ownership and off-farm work reduce inefficiency, while large family size and association membership increase inefficiency. The study suggests improving integrated livestock and crop systems, promoting off-farm activities, and reforming farmers' associations to boost efficiency.
An analysis of technical efficiency of rice farmers in ahero irrigation schem...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the technical efficiency of rice farmers in Ahero Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. It begins with background on rice production and consumption trends in Kenya. Rice consumption has been increasing at 12% annually compared to 4% for wheat and 1% for maize. However, production has not kept pace with demand, resulting in a large import deficit. The study estimates a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function to determine technical efficiency and its determinants. It finds the technical efficiency of rice farmers is 0.82. Gender, farming experience, income level, and distance to market significantly influence technical efficiency. The study recommends policies to improve input affordability and farm incomes, as well as transport infrastructure, to increase efficiency of rice
India has the second largest agricultural land area in the world and is one of the largest producers globally of many agricultural products. Some key points:
- India produces over 275 million tonnes of food grains annually and is the largest producer of many crops including spices, pulses, milk and tea.
- Agricultural exports have grown significantly in recent years, reaching $33.87 billion in FY2017, with rice, marine products and buffalo meat among the major exports.
- Production of many crops like rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables has increased steadily, with record production levels achieved for many crops in FY2017.
- Private sector investment is growing in food processing segments like fruits/vegetables, dairy,
- India has the 10th largest amount of arable land in the world and produces many agricultural goods. It is the largest producer of many crops and second largest for others.
- Agricultural production has been increasing, with record production of food grains in 2017-18. Fruit and vegetable production is also rising steadily.
- There are two major seasons for agriculture in India - Kharif from April to September and Rabi from October to March. Production of staple crops like rice and wheat has been increasing.
- Agricultural exports from India have also been growing with the country among the top 15 exporters globally.
The document discusses the sectoral distribution of the Indian economy. It is divided into three main sectors: the primary sector involves activities like agriculture, fishing, mining and forestry; the secondary sector includes industries like steel, textiles, energy and manufacturing; the tertiary sector or service sector involves industries like banking, insurance, hotels and airlines. The primary sector's contribution to GDP has declined from 50% in 1970 to around 25% now, while the secondary and tertiary sectors have grown in their share of the Indian economy.
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH A CASE OF PAKISTANLuz Martinez
The document analyzes the relationship between agriculture productivity and economic growth in Pakistan from 1994 to 2017. It finds that:
- Gross capital formation (GCF) and inflation rate have a negative relationship with economic growth in both the short-run and long-run, while other variables like employed labor force, fertilizer, and agriculture productivity have a positive relationship.
- The government should increase investment in agriculture and introduce new technologies to improve productivity in the sector and boost economic growth.
- Empirical results from time series data and the ARDL model show agriculture productivity positively impacts Pakistan's economic growth. Increased productivity leads to increased income, employment, food security, and foreign exchange earnings.
An Analytical Study on Impact of WTO on Agricultural Trade in India.Eliza Sharma
1. To study the trends of agricultural trade in India during pre and post WTO regime
2. To compute the terms of trade in Indian agriculture
3. To examine the comparative advantage in India’s agricultural trade.
4. To study the instability of India’s agricultural trade and suggest appropriate policy measures for improving the agricultural trade
Agriculture in India has a significant history. Today, India ranks second worldwide in farm output. The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.
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The long run impact of climate change on the productivity of major crops in the districts of Punjab is analyzed for the time period of 1970 to 2010. This study used deviations from average maximum annual temperature and deviations from average rainfall are used as indicators for climate change. While other variables include sale price, fertilizer use and number of tube wells. In order to incorporate long timer periods, this study used Panel ARDL model. The results show that cotton productivity is more positively sensitive to price changes; an increase in temperature, tube wells and fertilizers while wheat productivity is more positively sensitive to the rainfall in the long run. Consequently, in the short run, wheat productivity equilibrium is faster converging. Hence deviations from average rainfall are harmful to cotton crop in the long run and cotton & wheat in the short run, while deviations in maximum temperature is only harmful for cotton crop in the short run.
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Analysis of agricultural subsectors contribution growth rate in the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan
1. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714
www.ijhssi.org ||Volume 4 Issue 8 || August. 2015 || PP.101-105
www.ijhssi.org 101 | P a g e
Analysis of agricultural subsectors contribution growth rate in
the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan
Abbas Ali Chandio1
, Jiang Yuansheng1*
, Tanzeelur Rahman2
,
Muhammad Naeem Khan3
, Xu Guangshun4
, Zhao Zhi5
1, 4, 5.
Faculty of Economics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R China
2.
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu 61110, China
3, College of forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu 61110, China
Abstract: In the current study, we have analyzed the contribution of agricultural sub-sectors growth rate to
the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan by using secondary data from 2001 to 2015. Ordinary Least
Square (OLS) method was applied to estimate the model parameter. For this purpose the study considered a
dependent variable of agriculture GDP growth rate and several independents variables include major, minor
crops, livestock, fishery and forestry. The regression analysis of the data showed a positive and significant
contribution in agriculture GDP growth rate. However, fishery and forestry sub-sectors contribute growth rates
were considered poor as compared with other sub-sectors could be due to less attention paid from the
government. Our study suggests that Government of Pakistan should consider the importance of both
agricultural sub-sectors to increase there’s contribution growth rate towards agriculture GDP growth rate in
Pakistan.
Key words: Agricultural sub-sectors, Agriculture GDP growth rate, Pakistan
I. INTRODUCTION
Agriculture sector is the most important sector of Pakistan’s economy. It contributing 20.9 percent
towards GDP, 43.5 percent of total labour force engaged with this sector. (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2014-
15).On other hand, it also contributes raw materials for manufacturing goods and provides market for
manufactured products (Ahmed et al, 2008). While, the agriculture sector provides food to consumers and fibers
to domestic industries, it is also source of foreign exchange earnings and offers a market for industrial goods
(Alam and Naqvi, 2003). The agriculture sector of Pakistan consists of five sub-sectors such as major crops,
minor crops, livestock, fishery and forestry. Major crops include rice, wheat, maize sugarcane and cotton.
Cotton crop is used as a raw material for the textile industries. There are four major cotton producing countries
in the world. They are china, USA, India and Pakistan. However, Pakistan is fourth largest cotton producing
country in the world. Rice, Wheat and Maize are the main food crops out of them rice is also one of the main
export items of the country. Sugarcane is a cash crop grown for sugar products. Minor crops such as masoor,
mung, mash, potato, onion, chilies and oilseed crops include cottonseeds, rapeseed/mustard, sunflower and
canola etc. There are two main crop seasons exist in Pakistan namely the Kharif, the sowing season which
begins in April-June and harvested during October while the Rabi Season begins in October-December and
harvested in April-May. Rice, sugarcane, cotton, maize, mung, mash, bajra and jowar are “Kharif" crops while
wheat, gram, lentil (masoor), tobacco, rapeseed, barley and mustard are "Rabi" crops (Sethi, 2002).Livestock
sector includes buffalos, cows, cattle, goats, sheep, poultry, camels, asses, and horses, and is an important sub-
sector of agriculture. However, livestock sector meets the domestic demand of milk, meat and eggs. It also
provides net source of foreign earnings. More than 8.0 million rural families are involved in raising livestock. In
Pakistan livestock sector contributes almost 56.3 percent to the value addition in the agriculture sector, and
almost 11.8 percent to country GDP. Within the livestock sector, milk is the largest and the single most
important commodity. However, Pakistan is the third largest milk producer in the world, following India, China
and USA. (GOP, 2014-15). However, fisheries sub-sector, Pakistan has a costal line about 1,050-km and has
been famous for fishing in the region. Pakistan sell abroad good quality seafood’s to various countries namely,
china, Thailand, Malaysia, Middle East, Srilanka and Japan etc. Fisheries sub-sector contributes 2.1 percent in
agriculture sector and 1 percent towards GDP. The government aims to increase this share as fisheries can play
an important role in the growth of the nation’s economy by helping to reduce poverty and increase food security.
Recently, livestock and fishery growth has contributed greatly to the growth of agriculture with average 4.34%
growth in livestock production and 3.53% growth in fishery production in the period 2001-15.However, the
2. Analysis of agricultural subsectors contribution…
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Forest production has declined over the year during the period of 2001-15 the growth rate has declined
to -2.35%. On other hand, major and minor crops production growth have contributed less with 0.02% growth in
minor crops and 1.95% growth in Major crops see table 1.
Table 1 Growth in the agriculture and its sectors:
Year Agriculture Major crops Minor crops Livestock Fishery Forestry
2000-01 -2.2 -10.3 -3.2 3.8 -3 9.1
2001-02 0.1 -1.8 -3.7 3.7 -12.3 -4.4
2002-03 4.1 6.8 1.9 2.6 3.4 11.1
2003-04 2.4 1.7 3.9 2.9 2 -3.2
2004-05 6.5 17.7 1.5 2.3 0.6 -32.4
2005-06 6.3 -3.9 0.4 15.8 20.8 -1.1
2006-07 4.1 7.7 -1 2.8 15.4 -5.1
2007-08 1 -6.4 10.9 4.2 9.2 -13
2008-09 4 7.8 -1.2 3.1 2.3 -3
2009-10 0.6 -2.4 -7.8 4.3 1.4 2.2
2010-11 1.2 -4 4.8 3.7 1.9 -0.4
2011-12 3.6 7.9 -7.5 4 3.8 1.8
2012-13 2.7 0.2 5.6 3.5 0.7 6.6
2013-14 2.7 8 -5.4 2.8 1 -6.7
2014-15 2.9 0.3 1.1 4.1 5.8 3.2
Average of the period 2001-15:
Source: Economic survey of Pakistan, (2008-09, 2014-15)
After considering the importance of agriculture sector and its sub-sectors contribution, the study focused on the
contribution of agricultural subsectors growth rate to the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan. This research
is based on the following Hypothesis that clearly defines the research criterion.
H0: The contribution of agricultural sub-sectors growth rate greatly to the agriculture GDP growth rate of
Pakistan
H1: The contribution of agricultural sub-sectors growth rate poorly to the agriculture GDP growth rate of
Pakistan.
Furthermore, the layout of the study is as follows: section II contains the Review of Literature. Section III
contains the relevant methodology and data source and its analysis. Section IV contains the results and
Discussion Section V contains the Conclusion and Recommendations.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Ahmed and Amjad (1984) have analyzed the importance of the development of the Agricultural growth
for the growth of other sectors in Pakistan such as the Industrial Sector and Manufacturing sector.
Similarly, Zaidi (2005) accessed the Agriculture growth trends in Pakistan over the years and found the growth
of the Agriculture to be highly dependent on government policies and the political scenario in Pakistan.
Jehangir et al (1998) estimated the production potential of major crops in Pakistan, it was found that with better
farming methods more yield of major crops can be achieved.
2001-15 2.67 1.95 0.02 4.24 3.53 -2.35
3. Analysis of agricultural subsectors contribution…
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Hamid and Ahmad (2009) examined the growth and productivity in Pakistan and concluded that Pakistan needs
to abandon traditional farming methods and apply new technological techniques to achieve growth and
productivity. This emphasis and trends were aimed at analysis the gaps that need to be accessed.
Hussain and Qayyum (2008) have analyzed the relationship between agriculture and GDP growth rate in
Pakistan. They employed time series data from 1961-2007.Data was taken from economic survey of Pakistan.
Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) wasapplied for check the stationarity of data OLS method was used to show
the contribution of agriculture growth rate toward GDP growth rate. However, their results showed that 1
percent increase in agriculture growth rate; GDP growth rate will increase at 0.34 percent.
Raza et al. (2011) have analyzed the role of agriculture in economic growth of Pakistan. They used secondary
data and applied OLS method. However, regression results showed that there is significance role of agriculture
sub sectors towards the economic growth but only forestry should insignificant relationship with GDP.
Zaheer (2013) have analyzed the performance of agriculture in Pakistan. Researcher used secondary data and his
study based on theoretical analysis. This study aims to examine the growth of agriculture sector in Pakistan from
1952-2010.Findings suggest that the growth of agriculture sector was fluctuated over the span of 60 years.
Results showed that Pakistan has the lowest growth and factor productivity rate because of several problems
such as poor irrigation and lack of agriculture technology etc.
The present study is different from all of the above studies conducted as it examine the contribution of
agricultural sub-sectors growth rate to the agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan during 2001 to 2015, using
OLS econometric techniques.However, this study will be further helpful for the academic teachers and students,
researchers and policymakers.
III. MATRIALS AND METHODS
Scope of study
This study was designed for a period of 15 years accounting from 2001 to 2015. The secondary data was used
for this study and collected from the Economic Survey of Pakistan (2008-09-2014-15) Ministry of Finance
Government of Pakistan.
Method of Data analysis
In this study, secondary data was used to examine the contribution of agricultural subsectors growth rate to the
agricultureGDP growth rate of Pakistan. Regression Analysis (OLS) method was performed to get desired result
from the study. The basic model was
Y=f (MJCROPS, MICROPS, LIVESTOCK, FISHERY, FORESTRY,)
Econometric model
To test hypothesis empirically model can be specified as follows:
Y= β0 + β1 MJCROPS + β2 MICROPS + β3 LIVESTOCK + β4 FISHERY + β5 FORESTRY+ μ……… (1)
Definition of variables
Y=Agriculture GDP (annual growth rate %).
MJCROPS= Major crops contributes towards agriculture GDP (annual growth rate %).
MICROPS = Minor crops contributes towards agriculture GDP (annual growth rate %).
LIVESTOCK = Livestock contributestowards agriculture GDP (annual growth %).
FISHERY= Fishery contributes towards agriculture GDP (annual growth rate %)
FORESTRY=Forestry contributes towards agriculture GDP (annual growth rate %)
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Results of Regression Analysis: One of the measures of goodness of fit regression model was the coefficient of
determination, R2
. It was the proportion of the total variation in the dependent variable that was explained or
accounted for the variation in the independent variables. Therefore, in this study the regression model results
were explained in table 2.However, the results of the regression analysis to determine the relationship between
agriculture GDP growth rate (Y) and major crops (X1), minor crops (X2), livestock (X3), fishery (X4) and
forestry (X5).
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The equation for this model was:
AGR GDP = β0 + β1 MJCROPS + β2 MICROPS + β3 LIVESTOCK + β4 FISHERY + β5 FORESTRY+ μ
AGR GDP = 0.120 + 0.336MJCROPS + 0.133MICROPS + 0.432LIVESTOCK + 0.032FISHERY + 0.028
FORESTRY + μ…….. (2)
The coefficient of X1 major crops, X2 minor crops, and X3 livestock were statistically significant at 1 percent
probability level. Furthermore, the coefficient of X4 fishery and X5 forestry were statistically significant at 5
percent probability level. However, the coefficient value of major and minor crops showed that 1 percent
increase in contribution growth rate brings 0.33% and 0.13% increase in agriculture GDP growth rate
respectively. Whereas, the coefficient value of livestock indicated that 1 percent increase in contribution growth
rate, agriculture GDP growth rate will increase at 0.43%.By contrast, coefficient value of fishery and forestry
increase 1 percent in growth rate, agriculture GDP growth rate will increase at 0.03% and 0.02%respectively.
According Raza et al. (2012) found that there was the significance role of agricultural subsectors towards the
economic growth. Furthermore, (Zaheer, 2013) found that the growth of agriculture sectors was fluctuated over
the span of 60 years.
Table 2 Results of the Regression Analysis
Explanatory variables Coefficient t-Statistic Sig….
Constant(β0) 0.120 0.824 0.431
Major crops 0.336***
22.489 0.000
Minor crops 0.133***
7.691 0.000
Livestock 0.432***
12.567 0.000
Fishery 0.032**
2.322 0.045
Forestry 0.028**
3.176 0.011
F-statistic 196.79***
…… 0.000
R-squared 0.990 …… ….
Adjusted R-squared 0.985 …… …..
Note: ***Indicates that the coefficient is significantly at1percent probability levels
**Indicates that the coefficient is significantly at5percent Probability level
V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of agricultural subsectors growth
rate towards agriculture GDP growth rate of Pakistan for the period of 2001 to 2015. For the investigation we
used the method of (OLS) estimation technique to show the relationship between dependent variable
(Agriculture GDP growth rate) and independent variables (Major crops, Minor crops, Livestock and Forestry
growth rate).The results concluded by the regression analysis where it was clearly shown that major, minor
crops and livestock contributes growth rates greatly to the agriculture GDP growth rate with a coefficient of
0.337, 0.134 and 0.434 (33.7%, 13.4% and 43.4 %) respectively. By contrast fishery and forestry sector
contributes growth rate very low towards agriculture GDP growth rate with a coefficient of 0.031 and 0.028
(0.31% and 0.28 %) respectively. However, fishery and forestry were not contributing growth rate as much as
compare to major, minor crops and livestock subsectors but it have still importance in the agriculture
sector.From the facts and figures it was clear that agricultural sub-sectors growth rate and agriculture GDP
growth rate are positive correlated and rejected null hypothesis and confirm that agricultural subsectors
contributes growth rate positive and significantly towards agriculture GDP growth rate. Our study suggests that
Government should consider the importance of forestry and fishery sub-sectors to increase contribution growth
rate in the agriculture GDP growth rate.
Government of Pakistan should make technical change, technical efficiency can increase agriculture growth to
lead overall economic development.
The government should consider increasing this share as fisheries can play an important role in the growth of
the nation’s economy by helping to reduce poverty and increase food security
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