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Alveolar Bone.ppt
- 1. Alveolar Bone Dr. VardendraM Reader Dept of Oral Pathology NDC, Raichur
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- 6. Parts of bone Periosteum&Endosteum Types of lamellae Harvesian system VolKman canal Cells of bone Matrix Marrow tissue
- 7. Immature Bone Maturebone Woven/bundle/Coarse fibred Lamellated/fine fibred Increase osteocytes - larger Less osteocytes- small Lacunae-Wider Lacunae-smaller Randomly arranged Osteon Fibres-thick ,bundles Thin, slender, regular arrangement, lamellae Ground substance is more Less
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- 9. Definition “Alveolar Bone isthat part of maxilla & mandible that forms & supports the teeth” “Alveolar process is that bone of the jaws containing the sockets for the teeth”
- 10. Function It furnishes amedia for attachment of periodontal ligament Undergoes continous remodelling in adaptation to occlusal forces.
- 11. Tooth Dependent For itsdevelopment & maintenance Morphology of Alv. Bone depends on Size Shape position of teeth If teeth are lost, Alv bone undergoes atrophy If teeth congenitally missing – Alv. Bone not developed
- 12. Parts of alveolarbone Sockets which hold the teeth -Alveolus Alveolus Rim Floor Alv. crest Fundus
- 13. Boundaries No distinct boundary Certainareas Alveolar bone fused with basal bone Anterior maxillary region Posterior Mandibular region.
- 14. Alveolar Bone Cortical Plate Centralspongiosa Bone lining the alveolus
- 15. Structure Two Parts: Alveolar Boneproper: Thin lamellated bone that surrounds the root of the tooth Gives attachment to the PDL Fibres Supporting alveolar Bone: Surrounds the alveolar bone Proper Gives support to the socket
- 16. Alveolar Bone proper Thatlines the socket Forms the inner wall Two Parts: That facing the PDL – Bundle bone Cribriform plate Lamina Dura Lamellated Bone
- 17. That facing towardsPDL Immature bone Undergoes continous remodelling Tooth PL
- 18. Cribriform plate Anatomical name Resemblesa fine holed sieve Perforated by – foramina Transmit nerves &Vessels Holes – Volkman’s Canals
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- 20. Bundle Bone Histologic Name Providesattachment to PDL fibres Bundles of Principle fibres are inserted as- Sharpey’s fibres
- 21. Lamina dura Radiologic name Alvbone –appears as radiopaque line Due to overlapping effect of X-Rays
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- 23. Lamellated bone Continous withsupporting alveolar bone Mature bone
- 24. Supporting alveolar bone TwoParts Cortical Bone Spongiosa
- 25. Cortical Bone Compact bone Formsinner &outer plates of the alveolar process Variations: Maxilla –thinner Mandible -Thicker Premolar, Molar region –Thicker Anterior region -Thin
- 26. Buccal cortical plate– Thick Lingual Cortical plate -Thinner Relation to Local anaesthesia maxilla perforated by many openings Infiltration is sufficient Mandible Dense cortical plate Nerve Blocks required
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- 28. Spongiosa Fills space betn.ABP and Cortical bone Variations; Maxilla –More Mandible -Less In ant region –both jaws : Spongiosa is absent Cortical plate is fused with ABP
- 29. Histology Lamellated thin bone Moremarrow spaces: Yellow or fatty marrow Red marrow seen in : Condylar process Angle of mandible Maxillary tuberosity Symphsis Menti
- 30. Interdental septum found betweentwo teeth Large or Small –Gap between the teeth
- 31. Interradicular septum Between tworoots Alveolar bone not fused –contain spongiosa
- 32. Alveolar Crest Rim ofthe socket Most prominent border of interdental septum Alveolus Rim Floor Alv. crest
- 33. Shape of AlveolarCrest Usually follows cervical line position of adjacent teeth Degree of eruption Buccolingual width of the teeth Enamel contour
- 34. Relationship with CEJ 1.5-2mmapical to CEJ Relation always maintained &Is constant Attrition Inclination
- 35. Arrangement of Trabeculae Presentin Spongiosa More in max than in Mand When masticatory stresses increase –less spongiosa , thick CP When masticatory stresses decrease – more spongiosa , thin CP
- 36. Two types –R/A TypeI Trabeculae – Regular Horizontal Thick Ladderlike Mandible Trajectorial pattern Along lines of stress
- 37. Type II Irregular Fine/Delicate No specificarrangement thin Maxila No trajectory pattern’,More marrow soace
- 38. Nutrient Canals Zuckerkandl &Herschfeld Interdental&Interradicular septum Contain –BV, lymph vessels and nerves Appear as radioluscent linera shadows Parallel to long axis of tooth
- 39. Transalveolar Fiberes Sharpey;s fibrespass straight through Continous with adj.tooth
- 40. Histologic changes inAlv. Bone Development maximum thickness –when teeth reach occlusion Loss of teeth – Atrophy Residual alv. ridge growth of jaws Mesial drifting
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- 42. Clinical Considerations Maxillary teeth Easyto extract Infiltration is sufficient Infection in alv. Bone – R/F- loss of lamina dura Periodontal disease – Destruction of Alv.Bone
- 43. Orthodontic Treatment – Plasticityof the bone Cyst and tumours Effect of hormones –Hypo /Hyperparathyroidism
- 44. Osteoblast Line the bonesurface Types- active& Resting No continous arrangement Uneven distribution Seperated from bone –thin rim of osteoid Modified Endosteum
- 45. Osteoclast Cells that resorbbone Multinucleated cells (2-10) , can be mononucleated Origin: Fusion of Circulating monocytes Location: Howships lacunae- bay like recesses Arrangement –usually in clusters Content: Abundant golgi, mitochondria, lysosomes but little RER. Acid phosphatase Function – resorb bone
- 46. Morphologic Characteristics Ruffled/ Striatedborder Clear zone
- 47. Electron Microscopy Sequence ofevents; Removal of mineral/inorganic Matrix Degradation of org. matrix