Al khawarizmi project
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Al-Khwārizmī was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer who worked as a scholar at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad in the 9th century. He made significant contributions to algebra, trigonometry, and astronomy through works like The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, which introduced the fundamental methods of algebra. He introduced the Hindu-Arabic numeral system and algebraic methods to the Western world, and terms like "algorithm" and "algebra" are derived from his name and works. He also authored important works on astronomy, trigonometry, and calendar and astronomical calculations. Al-Khwārizmī established the basis for innovation in mathematics
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Al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer who made significant contributions to algebra, geography, and astronomy. He developed the concept of algorithms in mathematics and wrote several important works, including Hisab al-Jabr wa-l-Muqabala which introduced algebra to the Western world and defined it as an independent discipline. Al-Khwarizmi also accelerated the global adoption of the Arabic numeral system with the introduction of zero and established the foundations of modern arithmetic. He is thus considered one of the greatest scientists in history.
Al-khwarizmi
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was an influential Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer during the Abbasid Caliphate in the 9th century. He worked at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad and made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, geography and cartography. Some of his key works included the first text on algebra titled The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, a text on Hindu-Arabic numerals, and a revised version of Ptolemy's Geography titled Book of the Description of the Earth. Al-Khwarizmi introduced Arabic numerals and established the foundations of algebra and trigonometry, which had a profound impact on advancing mathematics in
Al khwarizmi
An Islamic Scientist Sir Alkhwarizmi. his contributioins are in Arithematic,Linear Algebra,Quadratic equation,Trignometry,Astronomy,Geography,Cartography and etc.
AL-KHAWARIZMI
Al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century mathematician, astronomer and geographer born in what is now Uzbekistan. He made fundamental contributions to algebra, arithmetic and geography. He introduced the decimal system and developed algebra into a systematic form, giving solutions to linear and quadratic equations. His works were widely translated and influenced the development of mathematics in both the Arab world and Europe for centuries.
Al khwarizmi
Al-Khwarizmi was an influential Persian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer who lived in the 9th century. He made significant contributions across multiple fields, including introducing algebra and algorithms to Western Europe through his major works. Some of his key accomplishments included developing techniques for solving polynomial equations, establishing the decimal numeral system based on Hindu-Arabic numerals, compiling astronomical tables, and mapping the world as it was known at the time through his influential geography text.
Al khawarzmi-contribution to mathematics
AL-Khawarzmi is also known as the father of algebra.His major contributions are in algebra and trignometery
Islamic Mathematics
Islamic mathematics is a term used in the history of mathematics that refers to the mathematics developed in the Islamic world between 622 and 1600
Islamic Mathematicians And Their Devotions In Maths
The document discusses several important Islamic mathematicians and their contributions, including:
1) Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi, known as the "father of algebra", who wrote the seminal text on the subject which gave rise to the term "algebra".
2) Abu Yusuf Yaqub Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi, the first Arab philosopher, who wrote eleven texts on numbers and numerical analysis.
3) Abu Bakr Ibn Hussein who wrote texts covering arithmetic, algebra, and geometry that were used as standard textbooks.
4) Muhammad Ibn Jabir Ibn Sinan Abu Abdullah, known as the "father of trigonometry",
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math project
Al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer who made significant contributions to algebra, geography, and astronomy. He developed the concept of algorithms in mathematics and wrote several important works, including Hisab al-Jabr wa-l-Muqabala which introduced algebra to the Western world and defined it as an independent discipline. Al-Khwarizmi also accelerated the global adoption of the Arabic numeral system with the introduction of zero and established the foundations of modern arithmetic. He is thus considered one of the greatest scientists in history.
Al-khwarizmi
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was an influential Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer during the Abbasid Caliphate in the 9th century. He worked at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad and made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, geography and cartography. Some of his key works included the first text on algebra titled The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, a text on Hindu-Arabic numerals, and a revised version of Ptolemy's Geography titled Book of the Description of the Earth. Al-Khwarizmi introduced Arabic numerals and established the foundations of algebra and trigonometry, which had a profound impact on advancing mathematics in
Al khwarizmi
An Islamic Scientist Sir Alkhwarizmi. his contributioins are in Arithematic,Linear Algebra,Quadratic equation,Trignometry,Astronomy,Geography,Cartography and etc.
AL-KHAWARIZMI
Al-Khwarizmi was a 9th century mathematician, astronomer and geographer born in what is now Uzbekistan. He made fundamental contributions to algebra, arithmetic and geography. He introduced the decimal system and developed algebra into a systematic form, giving solutions to linear and quadratic equations. His works were widely translated and influenced the development of mathematics in both the Arab world and Europe for centuries.
Al khwarizmi
Al-Khwarizmi was an influential Persian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer who lived in the 9th century. He made significant contributions across multiple fields, including introducing algebra and algorithms to Western Europe through his major works. Some of his key accomplishments included developing techniques for solving polynomial equations, establishing the decimal numeral system based on Hindu-Arabic numerals, compiling astronomical tables, and mapping the world as it was known at the time through his influential geography text.
Al khawarzmi-contribution to mathematics
AL-Khawarzmi is also known as the father of algebra.His major contributions are in algebra and trignometery
Islamic Mathematics
Islamic mathematics is a term used in the history of mathematics that refers to the mathematics developed in the Islamic world between 622 and 1600
Islamic Mathematicians And Their Devotions In Maths
The document discusses several important Islamic mathematicians and their contributions, including:
1) Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi, known as the "father of algebra", who wrote the seminal text on the subject which gave rise to the term "algebra".
2) Abu Yusuf Yaqub Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi, the first Arab philosopher, who wrote eleven texts on numbers and numerical analysis.
3) Abu Bakr Ibn Hussein who wrote texts covering arithmetic, algebra, and geometry that were used as standard textbooks.
4) Muhammad Ibn Jabir Ibn Sinan Abu Abdullah, known as the "father of trigonometry",
Muslim Contributions in Mathematics
The document discusses the contributions of several important Islamic mathematicians from the 8th to 15th centuries including Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Kindi, Al-Battani, Omar Khayyam, and Al-Tusi. It summarizes that they invented the concept of algebra, introduced Arabic numerals and the decimal system, and made advances in trigonometry, including defining trigonometric functions and the sine law. Their work was foundational to the development of modern arithmetic.
Islamic & arabic contributions to mathematics
The document provides an overview of the contributions of Islamic/Arabian civilization to mathematics and science during their Golden Age from approximately the 8th to 13th centuries. Some key contributions included developing the concept of zero, the decimal numeral system, and advances in algebra, trigonometry, and geometry that were built upon Greek and Indian mathematics. Many important Islamic scholars are mentioned who made advances in fields like optics, astronomy, medicine, and engineering.
Muhammad al khwarizmi
Muhammad al-Khwarizmi was a famous mathematician and astronomer who lived in Baghdad and wrote influential books on algebra and equations. His most famous book, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, collected earlier mathematical discoveries and introduced methods for solving linear and quadratic equations as well as problems in geometry. The book was translated into Latin and helped spread Arab mathematics to Europe. Muhammad al-Khwarizmi died around age 70 in Baghdad as a respected mathematician and astronomer.
Aryabhatta
Aryabhata was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from the classical age of Indian mathematics and astronomy. Some of his major works were the Aryabhatiya and Arya-Siddhanta. In the Aryabhatiya, he wrote about topics like astronomy, trigonometry, algebra, and arithmetic. He discovered that the Earth rotates and orbits the sun. He also approximated pi and invented the concept of zero. Aryabhata made many contributions to mathematics including formulas to calculate triangle and circle areas, as well as sums of series.
Indian Mathematicians
Indian mathematicians made many important contributions throughout history. Some key figures introduced the decimal number system and concept of zero, including Aryabhata. Brahmagupta was the first to treat zero as a number. Later mathematicians such as Ramanujan, Mahalanobis, Rao, and Kaprekar made advances in areas like statistics, number theory, and linear programming. Overall, Indian mathematicians have significantly influenced mathematics globally with pioneering concepts and solutions that have shaped the field.
Chronology of indian mathematicians
Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BC until the 18th century. Key classical Indian mathematicians included Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. Indian mathematicians made early contributions to the decimal number system, zero, negative numbers, and trigonometry. These concepts were transmitted to other parts of the world and helped develop mathematics further. Some notable later Indian mathematicians included Bhaskara II, who introduced concepts related to calculus, and Ramanujan, who had a natural genius for mathematics despite a lack of formal education.
Euclid and his contribution in development of math
Euclid was a Greek mathematician born around 365 BC in Alexandria, Egypt. He studied at Plato's academy in Athens and later founded the university in Alexandria where he taught for the rest of his life. Euclid is considered the "Father of Geometry" and is best known for his work Elements, a 13 volume textbook on geometry and number theory that was used as the standard textbook for over 2000 years.
Anecdotes from the history of mathematics ways of selling mathemati
1) The development of mathematics, including number systems and arithmetic, was driven by practical needs in areas like trade, taxation, and military affairs. Place value systems like the Hindu-Arabic numerals made complex calculations possible.
2) Early algebra developed out of solving practical problems involving lengths and areas. Techniques like extracting roots and solving quadratic equations were applied to problems in areas like right triangles and bone setting.
3) Geometry originated from practical construction needs but was formalized by Euclid into a deductive system. It influenced fields like art and tiling patterns. Relating geometric concepts to algebraic formulas helped develop modern algebra.
Muslim contribution to science
Muslim scholars and scientists made many important contributions to various fields including science, medicine, mathematics, and engineering between the 7th and 15th centuries. Some key contributions included: translating ancient Egyptian and Greek works and advancing fields like algebra, optics, astronomy, and chemistry. Hospitals, universities, libraries, and new scientific instruments and processes were developed during this time, advancing human knowledge and civilization.
Indian mathematicians
This document summarizes the contributions of several important Indian mathematicians, including Aryabhata who developed the place value system and approximations of pi, Brahmagupta who made innovations in algebra and trigonometry, Ramanujan who made breakthroughs in divergent series and number theory, and Bhaskaracharya who made early contributions to calculus and solving algebraic expressions. It also outlines the work of mathematician Dr. Kaprekar, including his discovery of self numbers and the Kaprekar constant.
History of math powerpoint
The document provides a brief history of mathematics from ancient to modern periods. It covers the development of numeration systems and arithmetic, geometry, algebra, trigonometry, calculus, and analytic geometry. Key developments include ancient civilizations developing practical math for trade and construction, Greeks establishing logic-based math and Euclidean geometry, Hindus and Arabs advancing the decimal numeral system and algebra, and Europeans in the early modern period making advances in trigonometry, logarithms, analytic geometry, and calculus.
Al beruni
Al-Beruni (973-1048 AD) was a renowned Persian scholar and polymath who made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, physics, and natural sciences. He wrote extensively on these topics as well as geography, history, chronology, linguistics, customs and creeds of various nations including India. He was given the title of "The Master" for his vast knowledge. Some of his most important works included his treatise on astrology, books on pharmacy, gems, and his encyclopedic work on India called "Indica". Over his lifetime he authored 146 books in various fields of study and was considered one of the most prolific writers of his time.
A brief history of mathematics
This document provides a brief history of mathematics from ancient civilizations like Egypt and Babylon through modern times. It outlines key developments and contributors to mathematics over time, including the Greeks who established foundations of geometry and number theory, Islamic mathematicians who advanced algebra and algorithms, and modern mathematicians who developed calculus, probability, logarithms, and other critical concepts. The document suggests mathematics will continue having applications in fields like biology, cybernetics, and help solve open problems like the P vs. NP and Riemann hypothesis.
Greek mathematics
This document summarizes the contributions of several important ancient Greek mathematicians including Pythagoras who discovered proportion, geometry, number theory and proof; Aristotle who taught Alexander the Great subjects like medicine, philosophy, math, morals and logic; Euclid who wrote the influential Elements textbook still used today; Archimedes who made discoveries in volume and buoyancy; and Eratosthenes who calculated the circumference of the Earth and invented the leap year calendar.
Mathematicians
Pythagoras and Zeno made early contributions to mathematics and philosophy. Pythagoras is credited with the first proof of the Pythagorean theorem, while Zeno conceived paradoxes to support Parmenides' view that motion is illusory. Archimedes made seminal advances in geometry, measurement of pi, and buoyancy. Euclid's Elements was a principal geometry text for over 2000 years, developing proofs from postulates including the parallel postulate. Later mathematicians like Descartes, Fermat, Pascal, Newton, Euler, Cantor further advanced fields like algebra, calculus, probability, and the theory of infinite sets.
Al BIRUNI
Al-Biruni was an 11th century Persian scholar and scientist who had expertise in many fields including physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography, and history. He traveled extensively in India for 20 years with Sultan Mahmood Ghaznawi, recording his observations in his famous book Kitab al-Hind. Al-Biruni made significant contributions to astronomy, determining values of latitudes and longitudes and establishing that the earth rotates on its axis. He accurately calculated the diameter of the earth centuries before modern technology. Al-Biruni authored many other important books and was considered one of the greatest scientists of his time.
Ancient math
The document summarizes the early mathematical system developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Key points:
- The Sumerians developed one of the earliest known writing systems, cuneiform script, which enabled recording of early mathematics on clay tablets.
- They used a sexagesimal (base-60) numeric system combined with a place-value notation, which was superior to later Greek and Roman systems for calculating fractions and powers.
- Much of what is known about early Mesopotamian mathematics comes from clay tablets dating to the Old Babylonian period from around 1800-1600 BCE. These included table texts and problem texts.
History of science and technology in muslim world
1) Muslims made many contributions to science and technology during their Golden Age from the 8th to 13th centuries.
2) Notable Muslim scientists and engineers included Al-Khwarizmi (father of algebra), Al-Razi (pioneered modern medicine), Al-Jazari (inventor of mechanical devices), and Ibn Sina (influential philosopher and physician).
3) Major advances were made in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, engineering, and other fields through empirical observation and the synthesis of Greek, Indian, and other traditions with Islamic doctrines.
Bhaskara ii
Bhaskara II was an influential 12th century Indian mathematician born in 1114 AD in Bijapur, India. He wrote several important works, including the Lilavati, Bijaganita, and Siddhanta Shiromani. The Lilavati covered topics in arithmetic and mensuration in poetic verse. Bijaganita focused on algebra. Bhaskara made significant contributions to mathematics, including proving the Pythagorean theorem and discovering algebraic and numeric solutions to various equations. He was a renowned scholar who helped advance mathematics in ancient India.
Brahmagupta
Brahmagupta was a distinguished 7th century mathematician and astronomer from India. He lived and worked in Ujjain, where he wrote his first book Brahmasphuta-siddhanta at the age of 30. In his works, he introduced concepts like zero, negative numbers, and algorithms for solving quadratic equations that are similar to the quadratic formula. He made contributions to arithmetic, geometry, and algebra, including formulas for the areas of triangles, volumes, and geometric progressions. Brahmagupta was a pioneer in applying algebra to astronomy.
3.1 algebra the language of mathematics
Algebra began with ancient Egyptians and Babylonians solving linear and quadratic equations. Over time, mathematicians generalized arithmetic operations and developed symbolic notation. Modern algebra arose from studying abstract structures like groups. A group is a set with operations where elements combine associatively, every element has an inverse, and a unique identity element exists. Groups include addition modulo m and permutations. Abstract algebra studies algebraic properties of different mathematical systems.
Algebra And Its Teaching An Historical Survey
The document provides a historical survey of algebra and its teaching. It discusses how algebra has been taught through solving artificial problems for at least 4000 years, as seen in ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Chinese, and modern textbooks. Algebra was traditionally taught through its relationship to geometry up until the 18th century. The goal of reforming algebra teaching to be relevant and for all students is challenging given its long history of being an elite subject taught through memorizing procedures rather than understanding concepts.
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Muslim Contributions in Mathematics
The document discusses the contributions of several important Islamic mathematicians from the 8th to 15th centuries including Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Kindi, Al-Battani, Omar Khayyam, and Al-Tusi. It summarizes that they invented the concept of algebra, introduced Arabic numerals and the decimal system, and made advances in trigonometry, including defining trigonometric functions and the sine law. Their work was foundational to the development of modern arithmetic.
Islamic & arabic contributions to mathematics
The document provides an overview of the contributions of Islamic/Arabian civilization to mathematics and science during their Golden Age from approximately the 8th to 13th centuries. Some key contributions included developing the concept of zero, the decimal numeral system, and advances in algebra, trigonometry, and geometry that were built upon Greek and Indian mathematics. Many important Islamic scholars are mentioned who made advances in fields like optics, astronomy, medicine, and engineering.
Muhammad al khwarizmi
Muhammad al-Khwarizmi was a famous mathematician and astronomer who lived in Baghdad and wrote influential books on algebra and equations. His most famous book, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, collected earlier mathematical discoveries and introduced methods for solving linear and quadratic equations as well as problems in geometry. The book was translated into Latin and helped spread Arab mathematics to Europe. Muhammad al-Khwarizmi died around age 70 in Baghdad as a respected mathematician and astronomer.
Aryabhatta
Aryabhata was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from the classical age of Indian mathematics and astronomy. Some of his major works were the Aryabhatiya and Arya-Siddhanta. In the Aryabhatiya, he wrote about topics like astronomy, trigonometry, algebra, and arithmetic. He discovered that the Earth rotates and orbits the sun. He also approximated pi and invented the concept of zero. Aryabhata made many contributions to mathematics including formulas to calculate triangle and circle areas, as well as sums of series.
Indian Mathematicians
Indian mathematicians made many important contributions throughout history. Some key figures introduced the decimal number system and concept of zero, including Aryabhata. Brahmagupta was the first to treat zero as a number. Later mathematicians such as Ramanujan, Mahalanobis, Rao, and Kaprekar made advances in areas like statistics, number theory, and linear programming. Overall, Indian mathematicians have significantly influenced mathematics globally with pioneering concepts and solutions that have shaped the field.
Chronology of indian mathematicians
Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BC until the 18th century. Key classical Indian mathematicians included Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. Indian mathematicians made early contributions to the decimal number system, zero, negative numbers, and trigonometry. These concepts were transmitted to other parts of the world and helped develop mathematics further. Some notable later Indian mathematicians included Bhaskara II, who introduced concepts related to calculus, and Ramanujan, who had a natural genius for mathematics despite a lack of formal education.
Euclid and his contribution in development of math
Euclid was a Greek mathematician born around 365 BC in Alexandria, Egypt. He studied at Plato's academy in Athens and later founded the university in Alexandria where he taught for the rest of his life. Euclid is considered the "Father of Geometry" and is best known for his work Elements, a 13 volume textbook on geometry and number theory that was used as the standard textbook for over 2000 years.
Anecdotes from the history of mathematics ways of selling mathemati
1) The development of mathematics, including number systems and arithmetic, was driven by practical needs in areas like trade, taxation, and military affairs. Place value systems like the Hindu-Arabic numerals made complex calculations possible.
2) Early algebra developed out of solving practical problems involving lengths and areas. Techniques like extracting roots and solving quadratic equations were applied to problems in areas like right triangles and bone setting.
3) Geometry originated from practical construction needs but was formalized by Euclid into a deductive system. It influenced fields like art and tiling patterns. Relating geometric concepts to algebraic formulas helped develop modern algebra.
Muslim contribution to science
Muslim scholars and scientists made many important contributions to various fields including science, medicine, mathematics, and engineering between the 7th and 15th centuries. Some key contributions included: translating ancient Egyptian and Greek works and advancing fields like algebra, optics, astronomy, and chemistry. Hospitals, universities, libraries, and new scientific instruments and processes were developed during this time, advancing human knowledge and civilization.
Indian mathematicians
This document summarizes the contributions of several important Indian mathematicians, including Aryabhata who developed the place value system and approximations of pi, Brahmagupta who made innovations in algebra and trigonometry, Ramanujan who made breakthroughs in divergent series and number theory, and Bhaskaracharya who made early contributions to calculus and solving algebraic expressions. It also outlines the work of mathematician Dr. Kaprekar, including his discovery of self numbers and the Kaprekar constant.
History of math powerpoint
The document provides a brief history of mathematics from ancient to modern periods. It covers the development of numeration systems and arithmetic, geometry, algebra, trigonometry, calculus, and analytic geometry. Key developments include ancient civilizations developing practical math for trade and construction, Greeks establishing logic-based math and Euclidean geometry, Hindus and Arabs advancing the decimal numeral system and algebra, and Europeans in the early modern period making advances in trigonometry, logarithms, analytic geometry, and calculus.
Al beruni
Al-Beruni (973-1048 AD) was a renowned Persian scholar and polymath who made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, physics, and natural sciences. He wrote extensively on these topics as well as geography, history, chronology, linguistics, customs and creeds of various nations including India. He was given the title of "The Master" for his vast knowledge. Some of his most important works included his treatise on astrology, books on pharmacy, gems, and his encyclopedic work on India called "Indica". Over his lifetime he authored 146 books in various fields of study and was considered one of the most prolific writers of his time.
A brief history of mathematics
This document provides a brief history of mathematics from ancient civilizations like Egypt and Babylon through modern times. It outlines key developments and contributors to mathematics over time, including the Greeks who established foundations of geometry and number theory, Islamic mathematicians who advanced algebra and algorithms, and modern mathematicians who developed calculus, probability, logarithms, and other critical concepts. The document suggests mathematics will continue having applications in fields like biology, cybernetics, and help solve open problems like the P vs. NP and Riemann hypothesis.
Greek mathematics
This document summarizes the contributions of several important ancient Greek mathematicians including Pythagoras who discovered proportion, geometry, number theory and proof; Aristotle who taught Alexander the Great subjects like medicine, philosophy, math, morals and logic; Euclid who wrote the influential Elements textbook still used today; Archimedes who made discoveries in volume and buoyancy; and Eratosthenes who calculated the circumference of the Earth and invented the leap year calendar.
Mathematicians
Pythagoras and Zeno made early contributions to mathematics and philosophy. Pythagoras is credited with the first proof of the Pythagorean theorem, while Zeno conceived paradoxes to support Parmenides' view that motion is illusory. Archimedes made seminal advances in geometry, measurement of pi, and buoyancy. Euclid's Elements was a principal geometry text for over 2000 years, developing proofs from postulates including the parallel postulate. Later mathematicians like Descartes, Fermat, Pascal, Newton, Euler, Cantor further advanced fields like algebra, calculus, probability, and the theory of infinite sets.
Al BIRUNI
Al-Biruni was an 11th century Persian scholar and scientist who had expertise in many fields including physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography, and history. He traveled extensively in India for 20 years with Sultan Mahmood Ghaznawi, recording his observations in his famous book Kitab al-Hind. Al-Biruni made significant contributions to astronomy, determining values of latitudes and longitudes and establishing that the earth rotates on its axis. He accurately calculated the diameter of the earth centuries before modern technology. Al-Biruni authored many other important books and was considered one of the greatest scientists of his time.
Ancient math
The document summarizes the early mathematical system developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Key points:
- The Sumerians developed one of the earliest known writing systems, cuneiform script, which enabled recording of early mathematics on clay tablets.
- They used a sexagesimal (base-60) numeric system combined with a place-value notation, which was superior to later Greek and Roman systems for calculating fractions and powers.
- Much of what is known about early Mesopotamian mathematics comes from clay tablets dating to the Old Babylonian period from around 1800-1600 BCE. These included table texts and problem texts.
History of science and technology in muslim world
1) Muslims made many contributions to science and technology during their Golden Age from the 8th to 13th centuries.
2) Notable Muslim scientists and engineers included Al-Khwarizmi (father of algebra), Al-Razi (pioneered modern medicine), Al-Jazari (inventor of mechanical devices), and Ibn Sina (influential philosopher and physician).
3) Major advances were made in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, engineering, and other fields through empirical observation and the synthesis of Greek, Indian, and other traditions with Islamic doctrines.
Bhaskara ii
Bhaskara II was an influential 12th century Indian mathematician born in 1114 AD in Bijapur, India. He wrote several important works, including the Lilavati, Bijaganita, and Siddhanta Shiromani. The Lilavati covered topics in arithmetic and mensuration in poetic verse. Bijaganita focused on algebra. Bhaskara made significant contributions to mathematics, including proving the Pythagorean theorem and discovering algebraic and numeric solutions to various equations. He was a renowned scholar who helped advance mathematics in ancient India.
Brahmagupta
Brahmagupta was a distinguished 7th century mathematician and astronomer from India. He lived and worked in Ujjain, where he wrote his first book Brahmasphuta-siddhanta at the age of 30. In his works, he introduced concepts like zero, negative numbers, and algorithms for solving quadratic equations that are similar to the quadratic formula. He made contributions to arithmetic, geometry, and algebra, including formulas for the areas of triangles, volumes, and geometric progressions. Brahmagupta was a pioneer in applying algebra to astronomy.
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Euclid and his contribution in development of math
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3.1 algebra the language of mathematics
Algebra began with ancient Egyptians and Babylonians solving linear and quadratic equations. Over time, mathematicians generalized arithmetic operations and developed symbolic notation. Modern algebra arose from studying abstract structures like groups. A group is a set with operations where elements combine associatively, every element has an inverse, and a unique identity element exists. Groups include addition modulo m and permutations. Abstract algebra studies algebraic properties of different mathematical systems.
Algebra And Its Teaching An Historical Survey
The document provides a historical survey of algebra and its teaching. It discusses how algebra has been taught through solving artificial problems for at least 4000 years, as seen in ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Chinese, and modern textbooks. Algebra was traditionally taught through its relationship to geometry up until the 18th century. The goal of reforming algebra teaching to be relevant and for all students is challenging given its long history of being an elite subject taught through memorizing procedures rather than understanding concepts.
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Bonaventura ,Cavalieri and Sir George Gabriel Stokes, First Baronet,
- Bonaventura Francesco Cavalieri was an Italian mathematician born in 1598 who developed the method of indivisibles, a precursor to integral calculus.
- His method treated areas as composed of lines and volumes as composed of planar areas, allowing him to solve problems involving areas, volumes, and centers of mass.
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Al khwarismi
Al-Khwarizmi was an influential Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer who lived between 780-850 CE. He worked in Baghdad during the time of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mamun and made significant advances in algebra and helped establish the decimal numeral system. In his influential book "Hisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala", he introduced the concepts of algebra, algorithms and much of the terminology still used today. He is considered the father of algebra and a pioneer in early Islamic mathematics.
METHOD OF BABYLONIANS
Earliest methods used to solve quadratic equations were geometric. Babylonian cuneiform tablets from around 1800-1600 BCE contain problems that can be reduced to solving quadratic equations, showing they understood techniques. The Egyptians also solved quadratic equations geometrically in the Middle Kingdom around 2050-1650 BCE. Later mathematicians like Euclid, Brahmagupta, and al-Khwārizmī developed more algebraic methods, with Brahmagupta explicitly describing the quadratic formula around 628 AD. The need for convenience ultimately led to the discovery of the general quadratic formula, first obtained by Simon Stevin in 1594 and published by René Descartes in 1637 in the modern form still used today.
History of trigonometry2
Trigonometry developed from studying right triangles in ancient Egypt and Babylon, with early work done by Hipparchus and Ptolemy. It was further advanced by Indian, Islamic, and Chinese mathematicians. Key developments include Madhava's sine table, al-Khwarizmi's sine and cosine tables, and Shen Kuo and Guo Shoujing's work in spherical trigonometry. European mathematicians like Regiomontanus, Rheticus, and Euler established trigonometry as a distinct field and defined functions analytically. Trigonometry is now used in many areas beyond triangle calculations.
Babylonian and egyptian mathematics
This document provides an overview of ancient mathematics in Babylon and Egypt. It describes how early mathematics developed out of practical needs in early civilizations along rivers like the Nile, Tigris, Euphrates, Indus, and Huangho. Archaeologists have uncovered hundreds of thousands of clay tablets in Mesopotamia containing early mathematical concepts. These include arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and early use of tables and formulas. Egyptian mathematics is also discussed and sources of early mathematical knowledge from Egypt are described, including papyri, monuments, and other inscriptions.
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Diophantus was a Greek mathematician who lived in Alexandria during the 3rd century CE. He wrote the Arithmetica, which was divided into 13 books and introduced symbolic notation for unknowns and exponents. The Arithmetica contained problems involving determining integer and rational solutions to polynomial equations. Pappus of Alexandria lived in the 4th century CE and wrote the Synagoge or Collection, which contained summaries of earlier mathematical work across various topics, including constructions, number theory, and properties of curves and polyhedra. The Collection helped preserve important mathematical concepts and problems from antiquity.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
This document provides a historical overview of the development of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. It discusses early contributions from mathematicians like Diophantus, Cardan, Euler, and Gauss. It describes how earlier proofs were flawed because they assumed the existence of roots before proving them. The first rigorous proof is credited to Gauss in 1799, who showed that assuming the existence of roots first is circular reasoning. Later proofs include one by Argand in 1814 using the concept of minimization of continuous functions.
math.pptx
Islamic mathematics flourished between the 7th-16th centuries under Islamic empires spanning the Middle East and North Africa. Key developments included establishing algebra as its own discipline through the works of al-Khwarizmi, who wrote the first book systematically dealing with algebraic equations up to the second degree. Omar Khayyam expanded on this by providing both geometric and algebraic solutions to cubic equations. Later mathematicians like al-Karaji, al-Tusi, and al-Qalasadi further advanced algebraic notation and concepts like the binomial theorem and trigonometry. Their works had significant influence on mathematics in other cultures.
History.pptx
The document provides a high-level overview of the history and development of mathematics from ancient civilizations to modern times. It discusses how mathematics originated in ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, China, and India, and was further developed during the Greek period with people like Euclid and Archimedes. It then discusses how mathematics progressed during the Hindu-Arabic period with the development of Hindu-Arabic numerals and their spread by Arabs. Key developments of algebra, trigonometry, and analytic geometry during the early modern period are also summarized.
Conic section
“Conic section” is a fundamental of the Mathematics. This
report is made from my studying about the conic section in the
Mathematics books and on the internet. This report contains
topics that involve with conic section such as: The history of Conic
section studying, Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola and their
applications with figures may help you to understand easily.
This report is may use to refer for next time and its can be
usefulness for the readers.
history of trigonometry
Trigonometry is the branch of mathematics concerned with specific functions of angles and their application to calculations. There are six trigonometric functions - sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant. Trigonometry originated in ancient civilizations for practical geometry applications and was further developed by Greek mathematicians like Hipparchus and Ptolemy. Indian and later Islamic mathematicians made important contributions, including the first tables of sines and tangents. Trigonometry was an important tool for astronomy and passed to Europe during the Middle Ages, with major works by Menelaus and Regiomontanus.
RISHIT BHAT HERON FORMULA PPT
Heron's formula provides a way to calculate the area of a triangle using only the lengths of its three sides. It was developed by the ancient Greek mathematician Heron of Alexandria around 60 AD. The formula was an important advancement as it allowed calculating the area of triangles without knowing the height. Over time, the formula has been expressed in different but equivalent ways and was independently discovered by Chinese mathematicians centuries later. Heron's formula remains useful for solving geometry problems and calculating areas whenever the triangle height is unknown.
Gupta1966 67
The document summarizes the Hindu method of solving quadratic equations, which originated in India around the same time that positional numeration developed. It discusses how Hindus were the first to recognize negative numbers and irrational numbers as numbers, whereas Greeks only accepted positive roots. The Hindu method involves completing the square to obtain the solution formula. It also discusses Hindus' recognition of imaginary numbers and multiple roots for quadratic equations.
H.math
The document provides a high-level overview of the history of mathematics from ancient civilizations through modern times. It discusses early developments in places like Babylonia, Egypt, China, India, and among the Greeks. Some key points:
- Early mathematical texts have been found dating back to 1900 BC in Babylonia and 2000-1800 BC in Egypt, dealing with concepts like Pythagorean triples.
- Greek mathematics from 600 BC onward greatly advanced the use of deductive reasoning and mathematical rigor. Figures like Thales, Pythagoras, Plato, and Euclid made important contributions.
- Developments continued in places like China, India, and among Islamic mathematicians between the
Foundations of mathematics
The document discusses mathematics in ancient Babylonian and Egyptian civilizations. It describes how the Babylonians developed a system of writing called cuneiform using wedge-shaped symbols carved into clay tablets around 3000 BC. It also details their sexagesimal (base-60) numerical system and how they were able to perform advanced mathematical operations and solve equations. The document then explains the development of hieroglyphic numerals by the ancient Egyptians, including their base-10 system and specific symbols used to represent fractions and operations. Key sources of information about Babylonian and Egyptian mathematics included cuneiform tablets and Egyptian papyri such as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus.
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Al khawarizmi project
- 1. • Introduction of Al Khwarizmi. • Life Basics • Contributions • Solution of “Completing the square” • Some of his work • Opinion about Al Khwarizmi
- 3. • He was a persian mathematician, astronomer, geographer, and scholar •Al-Khwārizmī accomplished most of his work in the period between 813 and 833. • He worked in Baghdad as a scholar at the House of Wisdom established by Caliph al-Maʾmūn •He studied the sciences and mathematics, which included the translation of Greek and Sanskrit scientific manuscripts.
- 4. • Al-Khwārizmī's contributions to mathematics, geography, astronomy, and cartographyestablished the basis for innovation in algebra and trigonometry. • His systematic approach to solving linear and quadratic equations led to algebra, a word derived from the title of his 830 book on the subject, •Discussed the fundamental methods of "reduction" and "balancing" Algebra (Al- Jabr): • The term algebra is derived from the name of one of the basic operations with equations (al-jabr, meaning completion, or, subtracting a number from both sides of the equation)
- 5. Al-Khwārizmī's method of solving linear and quadratic equations worked by first reducing the equation to one of six standard forms (where b and c are positive integers) squares equal roots (ax2 = bx) squares equal number (ax2 = c) roots equal number (bx = c) squares and roots equal number (ax2 + bx = c) squares and number equal roots (ax2 + c = bx) roots and number equal squares (bx + c = ax2) by dividing out the coefficient of the square and using the two operations al- jabr (Arabic: الجبر "restoring" or "completion") and al-muqābala ("balancing"). Al-jabr is the process of removing negative units, roots and squares from the equation by adding the same quantity to each side. For example, x2 = 40x − 4x2 is reduced to 5x2 = 40x. Al- muqābala is the process of bringing quantities of the same type to the same side of the equation. For example, x2 + 14 = x + 5 is reduced to x2 + 9 = x. In modern notation this process, with 'x' the "thing" or "root", is given by the steps, Let the roots of the equation be 'p' and 'q'. Then , and So a root is given by
- 6. b) Arithmetic •Al-Khwārizmī's second major work was on the subject of arithmetic, which survived in a Latin translation but was lost in the original Arabic. •Al-Khwarizmi's work on arithmetic was responsible for introducing the Arabic numerals, based on the Hindu-Arabic numeral system developed in Indian mathematics, to theWestern world. •The term "algorithm" is derived from the algorism, the technique of performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals developed by al-Khwarizmi. •Al-Khwārizmī's Zīj al-Sindhind is a work consisting of approximately 37 chapters on calendrical and astronomical calculations and 116 tables with calendrical, astronomical and astrological data, as well as a table ofsine values.] *The work contains tables for the movements of the sun, the moonand the five planets known at the time. This work marked the turning point in Islamic astronomy c) Astronomy d) Trigonometry Al-Khwārizmī's Zīj al-Sindhind also contained tables for the trigonometric functions of sines and cosine.[24] A related treatise on spherical trigonometry is also attributed to him.
- 7. We start of by taking the equation x^2 + 10x = 39 Lets take x^2 +10x x^2 + bx +(b/2)^2 X^2: the area of the square Now, we have to add the “bx” part, being a rectangle, well, 4 rectangles. bx: being the area of the rectangle We divide it to 4 equal parts. b in this case = 10 , so its area = 5x/2 Now we have to add the (b/2)^2 so (10/2)^2 = 5^2 =25/4 x^2 bx x 5/2 x^2 5x/2 Area: (5/2)^2 = 25/4 x^2 5x/2 5x/2 5x/2 5x/2 25/ 4 25/ 4 25/ 4 25/ 4
- 9. x + 12x = 108 2 x^2 3x/2 9/4 As solved before, b in this case is 12… Then the area of the red rectangle is 3x/2 To complete the equation : x^2 + bx + (b/2)^2 then (3/2)^2 =9/4
- 10. -The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing -Al khwarizmi Arithmetic -The abridged book on algebra -The image of earth
- 12. • Al Khwarizmi became a part of history! He was so bright nations fought and coned his nationality • He introduced us to math basics we couldn’t have understood them. • He’s pride to the Arab world •He has great levels in algebra