The document discusses the development of hybrid composites made from jute and glass fibers, highlighting their superior mechanical properties compared to standalone glass fiber composites. Testing such as tensile, compression, and impact assessments demonstrated the composite's enhanced strength and utility in various industries, from automotive to packaging. The paper also outlines the materials used, manufacturing process, applications, and advantages of utilizing natural fibers in composite production.

1. Improving Mechanical Properties of
Jute and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy
Hybrid Composites
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF :
N. SREEDHAR M.Tech
PRESENTED BY:
D. RAJESH
Y. AJAY KUMAR REDDY
K. MAHIDHAR
P. RAJESH

2. ABSTRACT
• Hybrid materials of any class are essential for current
demands. This paper deals with the hybrid effect of composites
made of jute/Glass fibers which are fabricated by hand layup
method using LY556 Epoxy resin and HY951 hardener.
• The properties of this hybrid composite are determined by
testing like Tensile, Compression, and Impact tests are carried
out based on ASTM standards.
• The result of the test shows that hybrid composite of jute/Glass
fiber has far better properties than that of glass fibre
composite.
• However, it is found that the hybrid composite has better
strength as compared to jute fiber composite fabricated
separately with glass fiber.

3. INTRODUCTION
• Natural fiber reinforced composite materials are considered as
one of the new class of engineering materials.
• In this area is rapidly growing both in terms of their industrial
applications and fundamental research as they are renewable,
cheap, completely or partially recyclable, and biodegradable.
• Among all the natural fiber reinforcing materials, jute appears
to be a promising material because it is relatively inexpensive
and commercially available in the required form.
• Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) is a fiber reinforced
polymer made of a plastic matrix reinforced by fine fibers of
glass.

4. INTRODUCTION
• Fiber glass is a lightweight, strong, and robust material used
in different industries due to their excellent properties.
• These composites may find applications as structural
materials where higher strength and cost considerations are
important.
• Glass/sugar palm composites are found to have an increase
in tensile, compression, and impact properties with increasing
fiber content and the weight ratio of glass/sugar palm fibers.
• Composite materials reinforced with natural fibers, such as
flax, hemp, kenaf and jute, are gaining increasing importance
in automotive, aerospace, packaging and other industrial
applications.

5. MATERIALS USED
1. BidirectionalJute fiber mats of thickness 0.4 mm.
2. Glass fibers in woven mat form of 280 GSM.
3. Epoxy resin LY556.
4. Aradur HY951 is hardner.

6. PROPERTIES OF JUTE FIBER
• Density(g/cm3) = 1.4
• Elongation at break(%) = 1.8
• Cellulose content (%) = 50-57
• Lignin content (%) = 8-10
• Tensile strength(Mpa) = 700-800
PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBER
• GSM = 280
• UTS = 40Gpa
• Density(g/cm3) = 1.9

7. PROCEDURE
• For each laminate nearly 300ml of epoxy-hardner mixture is
taken. Hardner is taken in the ratio of 1:10 (i.e.; for every 10ml of
epoxy 1ml of hardner is added).
• Then the mixture is thoroughly mixed for some time and is used
for preparing laminates.
• Thin plastic sheets are used at the top and bottom of the mould
plate to get a good surface finish of the product.
• The epoxy is uniformly spread with the help of the brush. The
second layer of mat is then placed on the epoxy surface and a
roller is moved with a mild pressure on the mat-epoxy layer to
remove any air trapped as well as the excess epoxy present.

8. PROCEDURE
• The process is repeated for each layer of epoxy and mat, till the
required layers are stacked.
• After placing the plastic sheet, release gel is sprayed on the
inner surface of the top mould plate which is then kept on the
stacked layers and the pressure is applied.
• After curing either at room temperature or at some specific
temperature at 60˚C - 80˚C, the mould is opened and the
developed composite part is taken out and further processed.
• For epoxy based system, normal curing time at room
temperature is 24 - 48 hours.

9. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION

10. APPLICATIONS
1. Furniture: chair, table, shower, bath units, etc.
2. Storage devices : post-boxes, grain storage silos,
bio-gas containers, etc.
3. Everyday applications: lampshades, suitcases,
helmets, etc.
4. Transportation: automobile and railway coach
interior, boat, etc.

11. ADVANTAGES
1. Ease of shaping into complex shapes in a single
manufacturing process.
2. The manufacturing processes are relatively safe
when compared with glass based reinforced
composites.
3. The production of natural fibers can be started
with a low capital investment and with a lower
cost.
4. Reduction in density of products.

12. REFERENCES
1. Sapuan, S.M., Lok, H.Y., Ishak, M.R. and Misri, S. (2013)
Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Glass/Sugar Palm Fiber
Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites. Chinese
Journal of Polymer Science, 31, 1394-1403.
2. Zhang, Y.L., Li, Y., Ma, H. and Yu, T. (2013) Tensile and
Interfacial Properties of Unidirectional Flax/Glass Fiber
Reinforced Hybrid Composites. Composites Science and
Technology, 88, 172-177.
3. Sanjay, M.R., Arpitha, G.R. and Yogesha, B. (2015) Study
on Mechanical Properties of Natural—Glass Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Hybrid Composites: A Review.
MaterialsToday: Proceedings, 2, 2959-2967.