The document summarizes two airline crises: 1) Air Transat Flight 236 in 2001 ran out of fuel over the Atlantic after a pump malfunction, but the pilots successfully glided the plane to a safe landing in the Azores with no loss of life. 2) Aeroflot Flight 593 in 1994 crashed in Siberia, killing all 75 people onboard, after the captain let his children fly the plane and the auto-pilot was disengaged without monitoring by the pilots. The document also provides background on airline safety regulations and pilot responsibilities.

1. Airlines Crisis

2. Members:M. Kashif SiddiqueTipu Javed SheraziRana Rizwan Afzal

3. Outline Introduction to Airlines.

4. Regulation & responsibilities of airlines and pilots.

5. Code of Ethics

6. Crisis in Airtransat (Flight 236)

7. Crisis in Aeroflot (Flight 593)What is Airline Industry?An airline provides air transport services for passengers or freight, generally with a recognized operating certificate or license. Airlines lease or own their aircraft with which to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for mutual benefit.

8. Airlines vary from those with a single airplane carrying mail or cargo, through full-service international airlines operating hundreds of airplanes. Airline services can be categorized as being intercontinental, intra continental, domestic, or international and may be operated as scheduled services or charters.Safety Regulation

9. Responsibilities of Airline Pilots

10. Code of EthicsSAFETY REGULATION The Federal Aviation Administration licenses and regulates airline flight operations personnel, including flight crews, maintenance personnel and dispatchers, and exercises plenary jurisdiction over airline safety, training and maintenance procedures, technical flight standards, communications and ground equipment.

11. The FAA has implemented a number of requirements on aircraft manufacture and airline maintenance programs, including inspection and maintenance of aging aircraft, and corrosion control.

12. The FAA has broad jurisdiction over aircraft certification and registration.SAFETY REGULATION (Contd.) Airlines must have and maintain FAA certificates of airworthiness

13. for all of their aircraft.

14. An airline airline’s flight personnel, flight and emergency procedure, s aircraft and maintenance facilities are subject to periodic inspection and tests by the FAA.

15. The FAA also holds broad jurisdiction over navigation and air traffic control, including collision avoidance and wind shear detection.Responsibilities of Airline PilotsAnalyzing flight plan, route & flying altitude.

16. Calculating fuel and supervise the loading and fuelling of the aircraft.

17. Ensuring all safety systems are working properly.

18. Carrying out pre-flight checks on the navigation and operating systems.

19. Updating the aircraft logbook and/or writing a report at the end of flight noting any incident or problem with the aircraft.Responsibilities of Airline PilotsCommunicating with air traffic control to take-off and during flight and landing.

20. Take off and landing noise regulations.

21. Regular checks on the aircraft’s technical performance, position, weather conditions and air traffic during flight.

22. Reacting quickly and appropriately to environmental changes and emergencies.

23. Briefing the cabin crew before flight, and maintaining regular contact throughout the flight.Code of EthicsSafety and Comfort Clauses:

24. Duty Clauses:

25. Responsibility and Command Clauses:

26. Networking Clauses:

27. Respect and Loyalty Clauses:Accident Summary by Type of Operation(Worldwide Commercial Jet Fleet)