AICTE TULIP Internship in Surat Smart City Development Ltd.
Under this internship anyone can explore all the development activities in Surat Municipal Corporation, since I was assigned in Hydraulic Department of SMC.
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
This document discusses automatic car parking systems. It provides an introduction and overview of basic components like stepper motors and sensors. It describes the hardware workings of using a microcontroller and sensors to control an automatic parking system. The document outlines different types of automatic parking systems and notes their advantages in requiring less space and reducing pollution compared to traditional parking. It also discusses some disadvantages like potential contamination in parking lots.
The document provides details of a proposed smart city plan for Vellore, India. It includes a budget of 4500 crore rupees for infrastructure projects over 20 years. Key areas of focus include improved water supply, sanitation, electricity, mobility services, housing, and waste management. The document also discusses smart city features, case studies of other Indian smart cities, and provides a SWOT analysis of Vellore to help guide its development.
This document presents a technical presentation on an automatic railway gate control system. The main aim of the project is to automate unmanned railway gates so that the gate closes automatically when a train approaches and opens after the train passes. It works using IR sensors to detect the train's approach and a microcontroller that controls stepper motors to open and close the gate. When a train is detected, the gate closes to prevent accidents at the railway crossing. This automatic system helps reduce accidents by removing human error.
Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Seoul were identified as top smart cities in Asia. Tokyo focuses on renewable energy and earthquake preparedness. It aims for 80% of households to have smart meters by 2020. Hong Kong leads in areas like transportation, healthcare, security, and technology usage. It plans to double public WiFi spots and provide digital identities for citizens. Seoul has had high broadband penetration since the 1990s and aims to be a top 5 global city. It provides free public WiFi and uses taxi GPS data for traffic information. The report discusses the importance of smart cities for India, highlighting projects like GIFT City and Dholera, and how smart education and renewable energy can help India develop.
This document describes a smart parking system created by a group of students that uses cameras and artificial intelligence to manage a parking lot. The system recognizes vehicle numbers using embedded cameras, tracks which space a vehicle parks in, and updates parking information. It can also detect collisions. The system aims to introduce an intelligent parking management solution using technologies like sensors, IOT, and mobile applications to help drivers find available spaces and pay for parking remotely.
The document discusses smart cities in India. It begins by defining what a smart city is, noting that smart cities aim to integrate technology and sustainability to improve efficiency. It then discusses why smart cities are needed, as 60% of the world's population is expected to live in cities by 2030, placing strain on resources. Key features of smart cities include innovations using internet of things for more efficient water and energy systems and improved public safety. The document also discusses India's smart cities mission to develop 100 smart cities and improve quality of life through technology and sustainability. It provides examples of priority areas for Bhubaneswar and Nashik and concludes by noting the potential for smart cities to reduce inequality in India.
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
This document discusses automatic car parking systems. It provides an introduction and overview of basic components like stepper motors and sensors. It describes the hardware workings of using a microcontroller and sensors to control an automatic parking system. The document outlines different types of automatic parking systems and notes their advantages in requiring less space and reducing pollution compared to traditional parking. It also discusses some disadvantages like potential contamination in parking lots.
The document provides details of a proposed smart city plan for Vellore, India. It includes a budget of 4500 crore rupees for infrastructure projects over 20 years. Key areas of focus include improved water supply, sanitation, electricity, mobility services, housing, and waste management. The document also discusses smart city features, case studies of other Indian smart cities, and provides a SWOT analysis of Vellore to help guide its development.
This document presents a technical presentation on an automatic railway gate control system. The main aim of the project is to automate unmanned railway gates so that the gate closes automatically when a train approaches and opens after the train passes. It works using IR sensors to detect the train's approach and a microcontroller that controls stepper motors to open and close the gate. When a train is detected, the gate closes to prevent accidents at the railway crossing. This automatic system helps reduce accidents by removing human error.
Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Seoul were identified as top smart cities in Asia. Tokyo focuses on renewable energy and earthquake preparedness. It aims for 80% of households to have smart meters by 2020. Hong Kong leads in areas like transportation, healthcare, security, and technology usage. It plans to double public WiFi spots and provide digital identities for citizens. Seoul has had high broadband penetration since the 1990s and aims to be a top 5 global city. It provides free public WiFi and uses taxi GPS data for traffic information. The report discusses the importance of smart cities for India, highlighting projects like GIFT City and Dholera, and how smart education and renewable energy can help India develop.
This document describes a smart parking system created by a group of students that uses cameras and artificial intelligence to manage a parking lot. The system recognizes vehicle numbers using embedded cameras, tracks which space a vehicle parks in, and updates parking information. It can also detect collisions. The system aims to introduce an intelligent parking management solution using technologies like sensors, IOT, and mobile applications to help drivers find available spaces and pay for parking remotely.
The document discusses smart cities in India. It begins by defining what a smart city is, noting that smart cities aim to integrate technology and sustainability to improve efficiency. It then discusses why smart cities are needed, as 60% of the world's population is expected to live in cities by 2030, placing strain on resources. Key features of smart cities include innovations using internet of things for more efficient water and energy systems and improved public safety. The document also discusses India's smart cities mission to develop 100 smart cities and improve quality of life through technology and sustainability. It provides examples of priority areas for Bhubaneswar and Nashik and concludes by noting the potential for smart cities to reduce inequality in India.
it is a presentation based on image processing used in the field of fatigue detection while driving which can save many life as well as prevent accident.
We can overcome traffic by seeing some basic criteria for problem. I personally conclude that traffic is problem to everyone.However we can implement traffic sensation technology to resolve the problems. Technology depends upon our ideas such as bus moving on cables at the heights.
The document discusses smart cities, defining them as urban areas that use technology and data to improve infrastructure and services for citizens. It provides an overview of key smart city components like smart transportation, buildings, infrastructure and governance solutions. The document also outlines India's Smart Cities Mission initiative and its goals of improving quality of life through efficient urban planning and management. Case studies and literature reviews on smart city projects are presented to illustrate best practices and research in the field. Civil engineers play an important role in designing sustainable and efficient infrastructure to enable smart city solutions.
RFID based car parking system-final verDebasis Nayak
This document describes an automatic car parking system. It discusses the basic components of the system including a microcontroller, sensors, motor driver, DC motor and LCD display. Infrared sensors are used to detect when a car enters or exits and an RFID reader is used to detect vacant spaces. When a sensor detects a car, the microcontroller activates the motor driver and DC motor to rotate the motor in the appropriate direction to open or close the gate. The system allows for automated parking without human assistance and saves space compared to traditional parking methods.
This document is a major project report submitted by two students, Mahesh Patil and Shivnaresh Likhar, towards fulfilling the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The report describes the development of a "Smart Door" system using embedded systems and microcontrollers. It includes recommendations from professors, a certificate of completion, acknowledgements, an abstract, and table of contents outlining the various chapters which will describe the literature review, analysis, design, implementation, testing and conclusion of the smart door system.
With increasing vehicle size in the luxury segment and crunching parking space, traffic congestion is increasingly becoming an alarming concern in almost all major cities around the world. Burning about a million barrels of the world’s oil every day, and considering cities are turning urban without a well-planned, convenience-driven retreat from the cars, these problems will only worsen.
Smart Parking systems is one of the latest disruptive technologies that help address this problem by generating real time contextual information about the available parking spaces particular geographical area to accommodate vehicles low-cost sensors, mobility-enabled automated payment systems, real-time data collection, Smart Parking systems is designed to aid drivers to precisely find a spot.
What’s more, Smart Parking also minimizes emissions from vehicle in urban centers when deployed as a system by decreasing the dependency of people; unnecessarily circling the blocks trying to identify parking space. Apart from this green cause, by employing a host of technologies such as M2M telematics, Smart Parking helps resolve one of the biggest problems when driving around in urban areas – which is illegal parking and identifying free parking space.
Report of Advance car security system major projectAmi Goswami
The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller. It can be powered via the USB port or an external power supply. It has 256KB of flash memory for storing code, 8KB of SRAM, and 4KB of EEPROM. The board operates at 5V and each I/O pin can provide or receive 20mA of current. It supports SPI, TWI, PWM, analog input, and serial communication.
The document discusses smart cities, providing definitions and examples. It notes that smart cities aim to use technology and data to improve infrastructure, mobility, energy, and other services. India's smart city plan is part of a larger initiative to create industrial corridors between major cities and redevelop areas along the corridors as smart cities. Public-private partnerships with technology companies and foreign governments will be important for funding and implementing smart city projects across India.
A seminar report on hybrid electric vehicle007skpk
This document is a seminar report submitted by Sanjay Kumar Yadav to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electrical Engineering. The report discusses hybrid electric vehicles, including their technical workings, advantages, disadvantages, and policy considerations. It provides an overview of hybrid electric vehicle technology, comparisons to other vehicle technologies like compressed natural gas vehicles and clean diesel vehicles, and the role of fuel quality. The report aims to guide policymakers in developing and transitional countries on enabling greater vehicle efficiency.
What is Smart Cities? The Concept of Smart Cities, What are Smart Governance, Smart Citizen, Smart Energy, Smart Technology, Smart Infrastructure, Smart Mobility, Smart Building and Smart Healthcare
Diesel Locomotive Shed, North Western Railway123jaya
This Presentation is for those students who done their Training
from Diesel locomotive shed,Indian Railway.In this Power Point presentation i have gave a Brief introduction about loco and some important devices that we used in our loco. I think this is the only presentation that makes you easy to understand about diesel locomotive.
The document describes a proposed smart trolley project. The project aims to reduce billing time in supermarkets by allowing for self-checkout using barcode scanners on a smart trolley. The trolley would contain a Raspberry Pi, barcode readers, display, and connect to the store's system wirelessly for billing. It provides background on current tedious billing processes, then outlines the proposed hardware and software components of the smart trolley, including a Raspberry Pi, barcode scanners, battery, and Android application.
ppt on accident detection system based on Iotrahul ranjan
The document describes a proposed system to detect accidents on highways using an Internet of Things (IoT) approach. The system would use wireless sensor networks deployed along highways to detect accidents. Sensors would detect accidents and transmit location data via protocols like Zigbee to a gateway. The gateway would send the data to the cloud to be accessed by an Android app, allowing users to see accident locations in real-time. The document reviews related work on IoT and wireless sensor networks for smart cities and transportation. It outlines the proposed system architecture, hardware components, and communication methods to realize the accident detection system.
Minor Project Report: Automatic Door Control SystemSaban Kumar K.C.
This minor project is based on the automatic door control system used in a room or hall based on IR sensor. This project is applicable at such places where the people are busy and people are in large number.
The document describes a smart car parking system using IoT. The system uses sensors like IR sensors and a wifi module connected to an Arduino board to detect available parking spots. This information is sent to a mobile app to guide drivers to empty spots, reducing congestion and emissions. The system's advantages include shorter wait times, fuel savings, and directing users to open spaces. It has applications in malls, restaurants, and theaters to more efficiently manage parking.
The document discusses several smart mobility solutions including:
- Advanced driver assistance systems using LiDAR, depth sensing, and vehicle data exchange platforms.
- Electric vehicles like expandable electric cars that can narrow to fit small spaces and connected folding electric scooters.
- Safety systems like cabin occupancy sensors, distracted driving prevention, and crosswalk safety alerts.
- Security solutions like automotive cybersecurity platforms, driver safety apps, and firewalls to protect connected vehicles from hacking.
This document discusses using RFID technology to help control vehicle speeds and reduce road accidents. RFID tags would be attached to traffic lights and speed limit signs. Tags contain unique codes read by in-vehicle RFID readers. Readers alert drivers to speed limits and automatically regulate vehicle speed if drivers exceed limits. This intelligent vehicle control system aims to reduce accidents from negligent or speeding driving through automated enforcement of traffic rules and speed limits in critical areas like hospitals and schools.
The Project Automatic Car Parking System using 89C51 Microcontroller is an interesting project which uses 89C51 microcontroller as its brain. The project is designed for car parking. The aim of this project is to atomize the car park for allowing the cars into the park. LCD is provided to display the information about the total number of cars that can be parked and the place free for parking. Two IR Tx Rx pairs are used in this project to identify the entry or exit of the cars into out of park. These two IR TX-RX pairs are arranged either side of the gate. The TX and Rx are arranged face to face across the road so that the RX should get IR signal continuously. Whenever the mains are switched on, the LCD displays the message"parking space for 10 vehicles". The number indicates the maximum capacity of park in this project. Whenever a car comes in front of the gate, the IR signal gets disturbed and the microcontroller will open the gate by rotating the stepper motor. The gate will be closed only after the car leaves the second IR pair since the microcontroller should know whether the car left the gate or not. Now the microcontroller decrements the value of the count and displays it on LCD. In this way, the microcontroller decrements the count whenever the car leaves the park and displays it on LCD. lf the count reaches'0', i e. if the park is completely filled, the microcontroller will display"NO SPACE FOR PARKING" on LCD. And now if any vehicle tries to enter the park, the gate will not be opened since there is no space. If any vehicle leaves the park, the controller will increment the count and allows the other vehicles for parking This project uses regulated 5v. 500mA power supply. Unregulated 12v DC is used for relay. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer
The certificate certifies that Rohit Kumar, a final year student of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Shankara Institute of Technology, submitted his major project report titled "DTMF Based Home Appliances Control System" which was found to be satisfactory and approved for submission to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree from Rajasthan Technical University, Kota for the 2015-16 academic session. The project report was approved by the Head of the Electronics and Communication Engineering department and the project guide.
project on smart car parking. automatic bill generation technique. individual timer system to calculate time. even odd day wise parking as per parking rule by government of india
This document provides a post-event report for the India International Smart Sustainable Cities conference held in New Delhi on April 7, 2016. The event brought together over 210 delegates from 6 countries and 27 Indian states to discuss strategies for developing smart cities globally and cooperating on smart and sustainable urban development. Key topics included smart transportation, living, education, banking, healthcare and sustainable living. Speakers included government officials, industry leaders, and subject matter experts who shared their visions and proposed approaches for rapidly developing cities in a way that improves citizens' quality of life.
Smart city implication on future urban mobility and transportationSuvodip Das
My project Report on 'Smart City:Its impact on Future Urban Mobility and Transportation' briefs a brief description about Smart City and It also briefs about how the urban mobility and transportation will shape in Smart City.
it is a presentation based on image processing used in the field of fatigue detection while driving which can save many life as well as prevent accident.
We can overcome traffic by seeing some basic criteria for problem. I personally conclude that traffic is problem to everyone.However we can implement traffic sensation technology to resolve the problems. Technology depends upon our ideas such as bus moving on cables at the heights.
The document discusses smart cities, defining them as urban areas that use technology and data to improve infrastructure and services for citizens. It provides an overview of key smart city components like smart transportation, buildings, infrastructure and governance solutions. The document also outlines India's Smart Cities Mission initiative and its goals of improving quality of life through efficient urban planning and management. Case studies and literature reviews on smart city projects are presented to illustrate best practices and research in the field. Civil engineers play an important role in designing sustainable and efficient infrastructure to enable smart city solutions.
RFID based car parking system-final verDebasis Nayak
This document describes an automatic car parking system. It discusses the basic components of the system including a microcontroller, sensors, motor driver, DC motor and LCD display. Infrared sensors are used to detect when a car enters or exits and an RFID reader is used to detect vacant spaces. When a sensor detects a car, the microcontroller activates the motor driver and DC motor to rotate the motor in the appropriate direction to open or close the gate. The system allows for automated parking without human assistance and saves space compared to traditional parking methods.
This document is a major project report submitted by two students, Mahesh Patil and Shivnaresh Likhar, towards fulfilling the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The report describes the development of a "Smart Door" system using embedded systems and microcontrollers. It includes recommendations from professors, a certificate of completion, acknowledgements, an abstract, and table of contents outlining the various chapters which will describe the literature review, analysis, design, implementation, testing and conclusion of the smart door system.
With increasing vehicle size in the luxury segment and crunching parking space, traffic congestion is increasingly becoming an alarming concern in almost all major cities around the world. Burning about a million barrels of the world’s oil every day, and considering cities are turning urban without a well-planned, convenience-driven retreat from the cars, these problems will only worsen.
Smart Parking systems is one of the latest disruptive technologies that help address this problem by generating real time contextual information about the available parking spaces particular geographical area to accommodate vehicles low-cost sensors, mobility-enabled automated payment systems, real-time data collection, Smart Parking systems is designed to aid drivers to precisely find a spot.
What’s more, Smart Parking also minimizes emissions from vehicle in urban centers when deployed as a system by decreasing the dependency of people; unnecessarily circling the blocks trying to identify parking space. Apart from this green cause, by employing a host of technologies such as M2M telematics, Smart Parking helps resolve one of the biggest problems when driving around in urban areas – which is illegal parking and identifying free parking space.
Report of Advance car security system major projectAmi Goswami
The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller. It can be powered via the USB port or an external power supply. It has 256KB of flash memory for storing code, 8KB of SRAM, and 4KB of EEPROM. The board operates at 5V and each I/O pin can provide or receive 20mA of current. It supports SPI, TWI, PWM, analog input, and serial communication.
The document discusses smart cities, providing definitions and examples. It notes that smart cities aim to use technology and data to improve infrastructure, mobility, energy, and other services. India's smart city plan is part of a larger initiative to create industrial corridors between major cities and redevelop areas along the corridors as smart cities. Public-private partnerships with technology companies and foreign governments will be important for funding and implementing smart city projects across India.
A seminar report on hybrid electric vehicle007skpk
This document is a seminar report submitted by Sanjay Kumar Yadav to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electrical Engineering. The report discusses hybrid electric vehicles, including their technical workings, advantages, disadvantages, and policy considerations. It provides an overview of hybrid electric vehicle technology, comparisons to other vehicle technologies like compressed natural gas vehicles and clean diesel vehicles, and the role of fuel quality. The report aims to guide policymakers in developing and transitional countries on enabling greater vehicle efficiency.
What is Smart Cities? The Concept of Smart Cities, What are Smart Governance, Smart Citizen, Smart Energy, Smart Technology, Smart Infrastructure, Smart Mobility, Smart Building and Smart Healthcare
Diesel Locomotive Shed, North Western Railway123jaya
This Presentation is for those students who done their Training
from Diesel locomotive shed,Indian Railway.In this Power Point presentation i have gave a Brief introduction about loco and some important devices that we used in our loco. I think this is the only presentation that makes you easy to understand about diesel locomotive.
The document describes a proposed smart trolley project. The project aims to reduce billing time in supermarkets by allowing for self-checkout using barcode scanners on a smart trolley. The trolley would contain a Raspberry Pi, barcode readers, display, and connect to the store's system wirelessly for billing. It provides background on current tedious billing processes, then outlines the proposed hardware and software components of the smart trolley, including a Raspberry Pi, barcode scanners, battery, and Android application.
ppt on accident detection system based on Iotrahul ranjan
The document describes a proposed system to detect accidents on highways using an Internet of Things (IoT) approach. The system would use wireless sensor networks deployed along highways to detect accidents. Sensors would detect accidents and transmit location data via protocols like Zigbee to a gateway. The gateway would send the data to the cloud to be accessed by an Android app, allowing users to see accident locations in real-time. The document reviews related work on IoT and wireless sensor networks for smart cities and transportation. It outlines the proposed system architecture, hardware components, and communication methods to realize the accident detection system.
Minor Project Report: Automatic Door Control SystemSaban Kumar K.C.
This minor project is based on the automatic door control system used in a room or hall based on IR sensor. This project is applicable at such places where the people are busy and people are in large number.
The document describes a smart car parking system using IoT. The system uses sensors like IR sensors and a wifi module connected to an Arduino board to detect available parking spots. This information is sent to a mobile app to guide drivers to empty spots, reducing congestion and emissions. The system's advantages include shorter wait times, fuel savings, and directing users to open spaces. It has applications in malls, restaurants, and theaters to more efficiently manage parking.
The document discusses several smart mobility solutions including:
- Advanced driver assistance systems using LiDAR, depth sensing, and vehicle data exchange platforms.
- Electric vehicles like expandable electric cars that can narrow to fit small spaces and connected folding electric scooters.
- Safety systems like cabin occupancy sensors, distracted driving prevention, and crosswalk safety alerts.
- Security solutions like automotive cybersecurity platforms, driver safety apps, and firewalls to protect connected vehicles from hacking.
This document discusses using RFID technology to help control vehicle speeds and reduce road accidents. RFID tags would be attached to traffic lights and speed limit signs. Tags contain unique codes read by in-vehicle RFID readers. Readers alert drivers to speed limits and automatically regulate vehicle speed if drivers exceed limits. This intelligent vehicle control system aims to reduce accidents from negligent or speeding driving through automated enforcement of traffic rules and speed limits in critical areas like hospitals and schools.
The Project Automatic Car Parking System using 89C51 Microcontroller is an interesting project which uses 89C51 microcontroller as its brain. The project is designed for car parking. The aim of this project is to atomize the car park for allowing the cars into the park. LCD is provided to display the information about the total number of cars that can be parked and the place free for parking. Two IR Tx Rx pairs are used in this project to identify the entry or exit of the cars into out of park. These two IR TX-RX pairs are arranged either side of the gate. The TX and Rx are arranged face to face across the road so that the RX should get IR signal continuously. Whenever the mains are switched on, the LCD displays the message"parking space for 10 vehicles". The number indicates the maximum capacity of park in this project. Whenever a car comes in front of the gate, the IR signal gets disturbed and the microcontroller will open the gate by rotating the stepper motor. The gate will be closed only after the car leaves the second IR pair since the microcontroller should know whether the car left the gate or not. Now the microcontroller decrements the value of the count and displays it on LCD. In this way, the microcontroller decrements the count whenever the car leaves the park and displays it on LCD. lf the count reaches'0', i e. if the park is completely filled, the microcontroller will display"NO SPACE FOR PARKING" on LCD. And now if any vehicle tries to enter the park, the gate will not be opened since there is no space. If any vehicle leaves the park, the controller will increment the count and allows the other vehicles for parking This project uses regulated 5v. 500mA power supply. Unregulated 12v DC is used for relay. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer
The certificate certifies that Rohit Kumar, a final year student of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Shankara Institute of Technology, submitted his major project report titled "DTMF Based Home Appliances Control System" which was found to be satisfactory and approved for submission to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree from Rajasthan Technical University, Kota for the 2015-16 academic session. The project report was approved by the Head of the Electronics and Communication Engineering department and the project guide.
project on smart car parking. automatic bill generation technique. individual timer system to calculate time. even odd day wise parking as per parking rule by government of india
This document provides a post-event report for the India International Smart Sustainable Cities conference held in New Delhi on April 7, 2016. The event brought together over 210 delegates from 6 countries and 27 Indian states to discuss strategies for developing smart cities globally and cooperating on smart and sustainable urban development. Key topics included smart transportation, living, education, banking, healthcare and sustainable living. Speakers included government officials, industry leaders, and subject matter experts who shared their visions and proposed approaches for rapidly developing cities in a way that improves citizens' quality of life.
Smart city implication on future urban mobility and transportationSuvodip Das
My project Report on 'Smart City:Its impact on Future Urban Mobility and Transportation' briefs a brief description about Smart City and It also briefs about how the urban mobility and transportation will shape in Smart City.
This document discusses smart cities in India. It provides background on the need for smart cities given India's growing urbanization. It outlines the objectives and strategies of India's Smart City Mission, including area-based development approaches and selection criteria. Key aspects covered include core infrastructure priorities, budget allocations for ICT solutions, and efforts to standardize IoT and ICT technologies across smart cities.
The document provides details about the Smart Cities Mission in India, including:
- The mission aims to develop 100 smart cities across India through public-private partnerships and a city challenge competition.
- Selected cities will receive Rs. 100 crore (US$15 million) annually for five years from the government to fund smart city projects focusing on areas like housing, transportation, and technology infrastructure.
- The mission is expected to transform urban development in India by making cities more livable and sustainable through the use of smart technologies and solutions.
What exactly is a Smart City- Features, Choice & More.pdfyamunaNMH
The Smart City mission was introduced by the Indian government in 2015. In 100 cities around the nation, the goal was to boost economic growth and infrastructure. Additionally, this mission aims to develop replicas of these cities that can serve as an example for other communities around the nation as they attempt to become “Smart” cities. The Smart City mission aids communities in tackling environmental and social issues in metropolitan settings.
How to Understand Smart Cities- Smart Cities Mission 2023.pdfyamunaNMH
Smart Cities Mission 2023- On June 25, 2015, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the commencement of the Smart Cities Mission. The project intends to boost economic growth and the standard of living for Indians. According to data gathered during the 2011 Census, 63% of India’s population resides in cities, which account for around 31% of the country’s total population.
The document discusses India's Smart Cities Mission to develop 100 cities across the country. It provides background on the mission's objectives to promote sustainable and liveable cities. Key details include a total budget of Rs. 98,000 crore, with Rs. 48,000 crore allocated for Smart Cities Mission. 20 cities were selected in the first round to be developed as 'Light House Cities'. The features of smart cities and smart solutions around areas like energy, mobility, water management and governance are also outlined. Case studies of Visakhapatnam and Kakinada smart city projects are briefly described.
This document summarizes key topics related to smart cities in India including definitions of sustainable vs smart cities, smart city indicators, government planning, current smart cities in Gujarat, and challenges. It notes that smart cities aim to achieve sustainable development and increase citizens' quality of life through connecting human, social, and ICT infrastructure. Smart indicators relate to areas like buildings, energy, governance, environment, transportation, and IT/communication. The Indian government's plans focus on initiatives in these areas. Current smart cities highlighted in Gujarat are Ahmedabad and Vadodara. Challenges to smart cities include lack of technology skills, inter-department collaboration, limited service influence, data issues, citizen participation, and business models.
What exactly is a Smart City- Features, Choice, & More.pdfyamunaNMH
The Smart City Mission was introduce by the Indian government in 2015. In 100 cities around the nation, the goal was to boost economic growth and infrastructure. The goal also aspires to build replicas of these cities that can serve as an example for other communities around the nation to emulate in order to become “Smart” cities. The Smart City mission aids society in overcoming environmental and socioeconomic problems in metropolitan areas.
Modernization of an Udaipur City into Smart City for Sustainable DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document discusses modernizing the city of Udaipur, India into a smart city. It begins by providing background on the smart cities mission in India and increasing urbanization trends. The paper then reviews literature on smart city concepts internationally and within India.
The purpose of the study is to analyze key areas for developing Udaipur as a smart city, explore challenges faced by the government and residents, and suggest solutions. Research methodology included collecting secondary data from sources like newspapers, internet, and books.
Areas discussed as important for smart city development include infrastructure, operations, citizen needs and quality of life indicators. Challenges mentioned involve managing rapid urbanization and its impacts on housing, resources and living standards
Smart city is an internationally booming phenomenon. The concept of
City” is been used widely across
contexts. A smart city has to be well outlined
services, a good environment
of the citizens of the nation
of any nation. It is extremely essential for administration of India to offer well
informed urban communities in different states as a piece of financial advancement. In
view of the escalated investigation of exhibit writing surveys from different healing
territories, we recognize eight basic components of shrewd city activity:
"administration and association, innovation, administration, arrangement setting,
individuals and networks, economy, manufactured framework, and common habitat".
The basic role of this examination
up a major opportunity of the brilliant city transport even in the wake of being the
cleanest city. The examination depends on optional
gathered from different newspaper articles,
investigation, the investigator
in getting a "Smart City" tag.
SMART CITY: FEATURES THAT MAKE A CITY ‘SMART’”Yash Shah
Cities are engines of growth for the economy of every nation, including India. Nearly 31% of India’s current population lives in urban areas and contributes 63% of India’s GDP (Census 2011). With increasing urbanization, urban areas are expected to house 40% of India’s population and contribute 75% of India’s GDP by 2030. This requires comprehensive development of physical, institutional, social and economic infrastructure. All are important in improving the quality of life and attracting people and investments to the City, setting in motion a virtuous cycle of growth and development. Development of Smart Cities is a step in that direction.
The first question is what is meant by a ‘smart city’. The answer is, there is no universally accepted definition of a smart city. It means different things to different people. The conceptualisation of Smart City, therefore, varies from city to city and country to country, depending on the level of development, willingness to change and reform, resources and aspirations of the city residents.
Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting programme launched by the Government of India on June 25, 2015 with a mission to develop 100 cities all over the country making them citizen friendly and sustainable (Government of India 2015). Each of the 100 Smart Cities will get Rs 100 crore every year for five years, with an equal contribution coming from the respective state government and the urban local body combined. The Mission is carried out through special purpose vehicles (SPVs), registered under the Companies Act, 2013.
A smart city would have a different connotation in India than, say, Europe. Even in India, there is no one way of defining a smart city. Some definitional boundaries are required to guide cities in the Mission. In the imagination of any city dweller in India, the picture of a smart city contains a wish list of infrastructure and services that describes his or her level of aspiration. To provide for the aspirations and needs of the citizens, urban planners ideally aim at developing the entire urban eco-system, which is represented by the four pillars of comprehensive development-institutional, physical, social and economic infrastructure. This can be a long term goal and cities can work towards developing such comprehensive infrastructure incrementally, adding on layers of ‘smartness’.
Smart Cities: Smarter Solutions for better tomorrowResurgent India
It is estimated that by 2030, 40% of India’s population will be living in urban areas and contributing 75% of GDP. On account of the ongoing rural-to-urban migration, an estimated 400 million people are expected to migrate to cities over the next 15 years.
Smart cities aim to develop urban infrastructure and services through new technologies to improve quality of life. The Indian government launched programs in 2014-2016 to develop 100 smart cities. Stakeholders like foreign investors, real estate developers, ICT companies, consulting firms, and citizens all benefit. Foreign investors gain tax benefits and access to new markets. Real estate sees increased investment and growth. ICT companies receive contracts to integrate technologies. Consulting firms help design city plans. Citizens enjoy improved services, jobs, and productivity. The Internet of Things and wireless networks are key drivers to automate infrastructure and make resources use more efficient.
The document discusses India's Smart Cities Mission. It defines a smart city as having basic infrastructure and using smart solutions to improve services. The mission aims to provide infrastructure, improve quality of life, and apply smart and sustainable solutions. Cities will develop areas using three models: retrofitting existing areas, redeveloping areas over 50 acres, and developing new greenfield sites. Smart solutions involve using IT to improve services like water management. The selection process involves cities competing within and across states. Most investment will go toward area development, urban mobility, and economic development projects. Implementation is ongoing, with continued growth in project tenders, grounding, and completions over time.
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India vivatechijri
In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
This document summarizes a group project report on smart cities. It defines a smart city as an urban area that uses electronic and sensor data collection and analytics to improve operations and quality of life. The need for smart cities is discussed, including addressing issues like overpopulation, pollution, and equitable access. Key elements of smart cities are identified as smart mobility, living, government, and economy. Smart city indicators and services delivered through ICT are outlined. The conclusion discusses the role of smart citizens in governance and challenges in implementing smart city projects.
Smart City Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision.
In my opinion, this PDF doesn't need too much of a description, the PDF itself is full of information collected from the Authentic Government Site of Smart City Mission http://smartcities.gov.in/
This presentation introduces the concept of a smart city and discusses the need for smart cities. It defines a smart city as a developed urban area that creates sustainable economic development and a high quality of life through excellence in key areas such as economic development, mobility, environment, living, government, and people. The presentation outlines some of the key issues cities face that smart solutions could address, such as parking management, transportation, healthcare, traffic, energy grids, lighting, waste management, and transportation. It then discusses some example smart city technologies like robust financial plans, city guides, digital parking, automatic electricity systems, and ride-sharing programs. In conclusion, it notes that while smart cities present opportunities, complexities in stakeholders and new business models
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
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By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
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Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
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image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
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Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
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ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
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Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
AICTE TULIP Internship Report
1. i | P a g e
Date: 08-11-2021
To,
Executive Engineer,
SMC- Head Water Works,
Khatodara, Surat 395002
Subject: Submission of Internship Report
Respected Sir,
I, Ashish Jaiswal have completed internship at Surat Municipal’s Corporation Head
Water Works through Smart City Development Limited. I am writing this letter to inform you
that I have successfully completed my internship and have submitted the report at the
department.
Thank you so much for this opportunity.
Regards,
Ashish Jaiswal,
B.Tech (Mechanical Engineer),
ashishjaiswal110@gmail.com
8887676152
2. ii | P a g e
AICTE TULIP INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON
Study of working of Water Treatment Plants, Booster Houses,
Distribution Stations and Installation & Maintenance of Mechanical
Equipments
Submitted to :-
Surat Smart City Development Ltd.(SSCDL)
Submitted by :-
ASHISH JAISWAL
Under the guidance of :-
SHRI ASHISH NAIK
(Executive Engineer)
Head Water Works,
Surat Municipal Corporation.
3. iii | P a g e
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the AICTE TULIP Internship report entitled, “Study of working of Water
Treatment Plants, Booster Houses, Distribution Stations and Installation & Maintenance of
Mechanical equipments” has been successfully submitted by ASHISH JAISWAL under my
guidance, which is carried out at Head Water Works, Khatodara, Surat, during period of 3
months i.e., 9th
August 2021 to 8th
November 2021.
ASHISH NAIK
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER
Head Water Works,
Surat Municipal Corporation
4. iv | P a g e
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the
possibility to complete this report. A special thanks to my training supervisor Mr.
Ashish Naik, Executive Engineer, HWW, for his patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and
immense knowledge which helped me a lot in completing this project report and
widening my knowledge.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude towards Mr. Vipul S. Pastagiya, Junior
Engineer (Electrical), HWW, for their encouragement and insightful comments. He
always come up with new idea to every complex problem which always inspire me.
Furthermore I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation Mr. Amar R
Desai, Instrumentation Engineer, HWW, for giving me details of project which is
going on in different location of Surat.
ASHISH JAISWAL
B. Tech(Mechanical Engineer),
Intern,
Surat Smart City.
5. v | P a g e
CONTENT
Certificate…………………………………………………………………………...ii
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………….iii
Topic Page no.
1. Introduction 01-02
2. "SURAT"- SMART CITY MISSION 03-06
2.1.Surat Smart City Vision
2.2.Pan City Projects
3. Surat Municipal Corporation 07-08
3.1 Statutory Authorities
4. Hydraulic Department 09-18
4.1. Mission
4.2. Function
4.3.History of Water Supply in Surat
4.4. Water Supply Scenario- Pre Year 2000
4.5. Water Supply System- Year 2001-2006
4.6. Water Supply System- Year 2006-2010
4.7. Water Supply System- Year 2011-2015 (present)
4.8. Water Supply- Present Status (Year 2015)
5. Water Supply Master Plan 19-20
5.1. Water Supply Master Plan Details
5.2. Future Capacity as per Master Plan
6. Observation 21-28
6.1.Collection works
6.2.Treatment works
6.3.Water distribution system
7. Maintainance activities observation 29-33
Reference 34
6. 1 | P a g e
1. INTRODUCTION
Surat is a city located on the western part of India in the state of Gujarat. It is one of the most
dynamic city of India with one of the fastest growth rate due to immigration from various part of
Gujarat and other states of India.
Surat is one of the cleanest city of India and is also known by several other names like "THE
SILK CITY", "THE DIAMOND CITY", "THE GREEN CITY", etc. It has the most vibrant
present and an equally varied heritage of the past. It is the city where the British first land in
India. The Dutch and the Portuguese also established there business centers in Surat, the
remnants of which are still preserved in the modern day Surat. In past this was a glorious port
with ships of more than 84 countries anchored in its harbor at any time.
Still today, Surat continues the same tradition as people from all around the country flock in for
business and jobs. Surat has practically zero percent unemployment rate and jobs are easier to get
here due to very fast development of various industries in and around Surat City.
Surat City 2nd largest city of Gujarat in terms of Area and
Population
Area 326.515 sq.km.
Population 44,66,826 (Census 2011)
Density 13680 Persons/Sq.Km. (Census -2011)
Location Latitude : 21.112°N
Longitude : 72.814°E
Municipality
Established
1852 AD
Corporation
Established
1966 AD
8. 3 | P a g e
2. "SURAT"- SMART CITY MISSION
Smart city Mission was launched by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 25 June, 2015. Surat
city was selected among 100 cities to be developed as smart city in India due to various
achievements, initiatives and all inclusive approach. Accordingly Surat city had submitted
“Smart City Proposal” (SCP) for Surat City in the given format on 15 December, 2015 to
Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India with required consent of Government of
Gujarat and statutory authority of Surat Municipal Corporation. Till deadline for submission total
97 cities had submitted their smart city proposal to Government of India. As per the already
given plan, 20 cities were to be selected in round-1 (current year) on merit of their submitted
proposal. Government of India had constituted 3 teams with expert members of World Bank,
ADB and other independent members for evaluation and marking of all the submitted smart city
proposals from 97 smart cities and to select final list of top 20 cities based on marking.
On 28 January, Shri M.Venkaiah Naidu, Minister of Urban Development Government of India
announced the much awaited 20 winners of the Smart City Challenge competition for round-1 in
current financial year at a press conference. It is a matter of pride for citizens of Surat that our
city is selected among 20 winning cities at Rank No.4. Shri M.Venkaiah Naidu said that the
winners were from 11 States and the Union Territory of Delhi and the selection was totally
objective and transparent based on standardized processes. Shri Naidu further said that Smart
City Mission marks a paradigm shift towards urban development in the country since it is based
on ‘bottom up’ approach with the involvement of citizens in formulation of city vision and smart
city plans and the Urban Local Bodies and State Governments piloting the mission with little say
for the Ministry of Urban Development. He also observed that it was for the first time in the
country and even in the world that investments in urban sector are being made based on
competition based selection of cities. Informing that 1.52 crore citizens participated in shaping
smart city plans of 97 cities and towns in the first round of competition, Shri Naidu said that this
enthusiastic participation of people is a major positive outcome.
Citizens Engagement is the base of four pillars of institutional, physical, social and economic
infrastructure for comprehensive development as per Smart City Mission guidelines and
therefore Citizens Engagement tool is extensively used to know the suggestions / feedback from
citizens by various online & offline methods like – Stakeholders consultation meetings with
Elected representatives, Press media, different industrial, trade & commerce associations,
doctors, engineers, architects and NGOs, Ward level meetings with citizens, Essay & Drawing
competition for students and citizens, Techno fair for informing citizens about possible smart
solutions, Citizens Poll on myGov and SMC’s website and seminars / webinars on different
subjects etc.
Based on Citizens Poll for Pan City initiatives, ICT based Transport-Connectivity smart
solutions are finalized in Smart City Proposal, which will be implemented in entire area of Surat
city. Based on suggestions/ feedback received during Citizens Engagement, “Retrofitting” is
selected out of the three options given for area development. After screening of all the possible
9. 4 | P a g e
options, area measuring 2167 acres (8.77 Sq.km) of 7 T.P. schemes in the Anjana, Umarwada,
Magob, Dumbhal & Parvat located in East & South-East zone of city is selected for retrofitting
in Smart City Proposal. Present population of this area is about 5 Lacs apart from about 1 Lac
floating population. Significance of this area can be judged from the fact that about 10%
population of city resides in the selected 3% area which contributes to about 16% of economy of
city. Selected area is having many commercial and industrial units based on textile sector which
acts as a catalyst for greater job opportunities.
For retrofitting of area development, many smart solutions in sectors of water supply, sewerage,
solid waste management, water recharging, renewable energy, street lighting, Town planning &
development, Economic development including essential Smart City Solutions. Total
implementation period for smart city plan is 5 years starting from financial year 2016-17. As per
guideline of Smart city Mission, Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) will be created for
implementation of Smart city projects.
10. 5 | P a g e
2.1 Surat Smart City Vision
"Smart Utilization of Surat City’s potential for enhancing quality of life for the citizens by
providing equal access to best quality physical infrastructure, social infrastructure and mobility
through leveraging state of the art technology; thus making surat a futuristic global city with
focus on enhancing economy, protecting the ecology and preserving the identity and culture of
the city"
2.2. Pan City Projects
The pan city proposal for Surat city is envisaged to maximize the benefits out of the service base.
The proposal aims to improve public services and citizen interface. It is centered around the
theme of Citizen Friendly Surat through Intelligent Transport and Connectivity. The idea is to
integrate various services and offer citizens a variety of options to avail these services in a
convenient and cost-effective manner. This pan city solution are also aimed to provide near real
time data which will help in service delivery.
I. SMAC (SMArt City) Center
SMAC Center is envisaged as an administrative control center for the city of Surat for effective
and efficient delivery of all civic services.SMART City Center will operate in four layers. This
center will collect functioning information of all the departments on real time basis, as far as
possible.
II. Integrated Traffic and Mobility Administration Center (IT-MAC)
This center will house various departments/entities involved with managing city traffic and
mobility like BRTS, City Bus, Traffic Police, RTO, Fire, Emergency Services, etc. IT-enabled
applications will help all the concerned agencies to co-ordinate and support each other for
smooth traffic operation.
III. Common City Payment System
This will be Co-Branded Multi-Application Contact less Smart Card. It is envisioned to offer
wide range of civic services to citizens with convenience of using single SMART card only.
IV. Connected Surat
SMC wishes to provide WiFi service to the citizens covering important public places. Apart from
this, SMC wishes to have the citywide Fiber to Home connectivity, which will be useful in
providing reliable connectivity with high bandwidth, meeting the present and future
requirements. It will also help in bridging digital divide by enabling access of Internet to all
section of society.
11. 6 | P a g e
V. Development of ERP and GIS platform
The ERP for critical Municipal Operations is a framework for integrated solutions on a common
technology platform to address process automation needs of Surat Municipal Corporation. It will
be a modular framework consisting of several integrated applications built for security and
scalability. Applications will be assembled on a common technology platform that addresses
institution wide process automation. It will also deliver stakeholder specific reports and
performance analysis.
VI. Automatic Fare Collection System (AFCS)
This IT enabled service will make present public transport system more efficient and citizen
friendly. It will be possible to manage the system centrally, simultaneously extending a package
of transport options to citizens.
VII. Incubation/Start up Centre
High employment opportunities are available in the proposed area due to various commercial
activities. A Startup & Incubation centre is proposed here to train the semi-skilled/ skilled job
seekers in various trades and to provide necessary information though single window clearance
to promote start-ups.
12. 7 | P a g e
3. Surat Municipal Corporation
Surat Municipal Corporation is a local self government which has come into being under the
Bombay Provincial Municipal Act, 1949. It carries out all the obligatory functions and
discretionary functions entrusted by the BPMC Act,1949 with the following mission:
To make Surat a dynamic, vibrant, beautiful, self-reliant and sustainable city with all basic
amenities, to provide a better quality of life
Surat Municipal Corporation perceives its role as the principal facilitator and provider of
services as detailed below to provide a better quality of life :
AS PROVIDER
Potable water supply
Underground sewage system in the whole city
All weather roads
Efficient and sustainable solid waste management
Health coverage to all, focused more on the poor
Primary education to the needy & Library facility to all
Up-gradation of the amenities in the existing slums and alternative accommodation
Clean, green and pollution free environment
Places of healthy entertainment and recreation
Fire Service
Efficient Urban Planning and Development
AS FACILITATOR
Industrial growth
Trade and commerce
Health services
Higher education and research
Cultural activities
Sports and games
Recreation and entertainment
13. 8 | P a g e
SMC's commitment to achieve its mission and carry out the above listed functions
successfully can be summarised as below:
Dedication to achieve excellence in providing civic amenities
Responsive, Modern, Simple, Accountable and Transparent Administration
3.1 STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
Under the provision of the BPMC Act 1949 section-4, the powers have been vested in three
distinct statutory authorities.
1. General Board
2. Standing Committee
3. Municipal Commissioner
14. 9 | P a g e
4. Hydraulic Department
4.1. Mission
“Every Citizen of Surat City must get safe and reliable drinking water on continuous basis at
his/her doorstep through water supply distribution network.”
4.2. Functions of the Department
Long-term Planning, Design & Implementation & Monitoring of various Water Supply
Schemes according to Master Plan.
Issue of new licenses & renewal of existing licenses for plumbers.
Providing water tankers in the deficient area and where any complaints are received
about quality/quantity of water supplied through pipeline.
Maintenance of all the water works, water treatment plants water distribution stations,
valves, transmission pipelines and distribution pipelines is done either departmentally or
by appointing private participants.
How the potable water reaches to the consumer ?
Extracting surface/sub-surface water from sources - like River Intake wells, Jack wells.
Treatment of raw water by Pre-Chlorination, Primary treatment and Filtration upto the
standards of safe drinking water.
Quality Control and Laboratory testing at treatment stage.
Transmission of treated water from Water Works to Water Distribution Stations, located
in different parts of the city via Transmission pipelines
Post-Chlorination & Distribution of treated water to the consumers from different Water
Distribution Stations via distribution pipelines, during supply hours.
Day to day collection of water samples from different water points of water distribution
system, laboratory testing (chemical analysis and bacteriological testing) of the collected
samples and feed back of results to the Hydraulic Department - Remedial measures taken,
if required.
4.3. History of Water Supply in Surat
Surat is situated at the tail end of the 750 km. long River Tapi which has been the main
source of water for the city since centuries.
15. 10 | P a g e
During the period of British-raj in India, Surat municipality was established by the then
Collector, Mr. Rogers on 23rd April, 1852 but there was no provision of public water
supply at that time.
During year 1864, Sir Kawasji Jahangir of Surat had donated Rs.1.25 Lacs to construct a
water works for the city. In 1867, Mr. Gragery prepared a plan to draw water from river
Tapi near Kamrej and bring the same up to Delhi Gate by a pipeline.
In 1894, Fardunji Taraporewala was appointed as an Executive Engineer in Surat by the
British Government, who planned to build Infiltration wells in the river. In the same year,
work for first water supply pipeline was started near Surat railway station by Mr.George
Harrison, then Governor of Mumbai.
In 1898, Varachha Water Works was inaugurated at the cost of Rs.9.89 Lacs. It was then
known as Lely Water Works in the name of Mr.Lely, then Collector of Surat. Water from
this water works was also provided to Rander municipal area as one tenth of the total
expenditure of water works was shared by them. Sheth Haji Yusuf of Rander had donated
the contribution of Rander.
In the year 1931, chlorination was used in Surat city water supply for the first time. In the
year 1950, new Engine House & new overhead tank were started. In the year 1952, city's
first surface water treatment plant was commissioned at Varachha.
4.4. Water Supply Scenario - Pre Year 2000
By 2001, the population of Surat city has reached 24 lakh and water treatement facility for
440 MLD was available, thus assuring availability at the rate of 150 lpcd. This had been
achieved by the following major works taken up between 1984 and 2000.
In year 1984, 20 new tube wells were constructed at Varachha & Sarthana to increase the
water supply capacity.
In the year 1985, Radial collecting wells (2 Nos) were constructed at Sarthana and water
distribution stations were constructed at Khatodara, Umarwada & Katargam.
16. 11 | P a g e
In the year 1995, gross average daily water supply was 180 MLD to a population of about
18 Lacs resulting in an acute shortage of water supply. Moreover, high tides of river were
affecting the quality of surface water also up to Sarthana & thereby resulting in salty
water.
A weir-cum-causeway was constructed across river Tapi in the year 1995 at Rander-
Singanpore at a total project cost of Rs.35 Crores. The project was implemented as a
public-private partnership with Hazira area industries. Due to the construction of weir, a
reservoir of about 31000 TCM (Thousand Cubic Meter) capacity became available for
drawing surface water.
After construction of the weir across river Tapi, new water works for the city was
commissioned at Katargam in the year 1997, at a total project cost of about Rs.25 Crores.
As a part of the long-term master plan for the water supply scheme of Surat city, 120
MLD capacity water treatment plant was commissioned in the year 1997 and was
increased to total 240 MLD in 1999. Raw water at this water treatment plant was fed by
the intake well constructed in the river Tapi.
Surat Municipal Corporation had prepared a long-term Water Supply Master Plan in the
year 1995 to fulfill the water demand for the projected population for the year 2021 in
consultation with Tata Consulting Engineers, Mumbai.
17. 12 | P a g e
4.5. Water Supply System - Year 2001 to 2006
Between 2001 and 2005, various works were taken up to increase the water treatment and
distribution capacity in Surat. The water supply rose by 20% from 440MLD in 2000-01 to
550 MLD in 2004-05.
240 MLD capacity raw water Intake Well & 120 MLD capacity Water Treatment Plant
were commissioned at Sarthana Water Works in the year 2001 at the total project cost of
about Rs. 30 Crores. It increased the capacity for accessing the available surface water
reservoir.
In January 2003, 200 MLD capacity Water Treatment Plant & 360 MLD capacity raw
water Intake Well were commissioned at Rander Water Works at total project cost of
about Rs.35 Crores.
Capital expenditure of total Rs.178.22 Crore was made during this period to implement
various water supply projects comprising of water treatment plant, Intake well,
Underground Storage reservoir (UGSR), Elevated Service Reservoir (ESR) and laying of
pipelines.
18. 13 | P a g e
Increase in Capacity: Year 2001- 2006
Sr.
No.
Water Supply Project
Year
2001
Year
2005
1 Intake Well (in MLD) 480 840
2 Water Treatment Plants (in MLD) 428 628
3 UGSR Capacity (in Lac lit) 3822 4450
4 ESR Capacity (in Lac lit) 103 150
5 Pipeline (in km) 1850 2250
19. 14 | P a g e
4.6. Water Supply System - Year 2006 to 2010
In the year 2006, city limit was extended from 112.27 sq.km. to 326.51 sq.km. area,
merging 27 Grampanchayats & 8 Nagarpalikas into city. Due to the revised area &
population scenario, preparation of Master Plan had to be revised.
Capital expenditure of total Rs.345.73 Crore was made during this period to implement
various water supply projects comprising of water treatment plant, Intake well,
Underground Storage reservoir (UGSR), Elevated Service Reservoir (ESR) and
TRansmission & Distribution pipelines.
In March 2007, 200 MLD capacity fully automatic water treatment plant with SCADA
was commissioned at Sarthana Water Works at a total project cost of Rs.24.22 Crores.
20. 15 | P a g e
In February 2009, two fully automatic water treatment plants with SCADA of 150 MLD
capacity each were commissioned at Katargam & Sarthana Water Works at a total project
cost of Rs.50.20 Crores under JnNURM scheme.
By fast-tracking the implementation of projects, SMC achieved a 30% increase in water
supply from 580 in 2006 to 750 in 2010.
Increase in Capacity: Year 2006- 2010
Sr. No. Water Supply Project Year 2006 Year 2010
1 Intake Well (in MLD) 840 840
2 Water Treatment Plants (in MLD) 628 1178
3 UGSR Capacity (in Lac lit) 4450 6300
4 ESR Capacity (in Lac lit) 150 202.5
5 Pipeline (in km) 2250 2550
21. 16 | P a g e
4.7. Water Supply System - Year 2011 TO 2015 (Present)
In January 2011, 50 MLD water treatment plant was commissined at Rander water works
under JnNURM at a project cost of Rs.760 Lacs.
Water Supply Scheme (part) for Amroli, Kosad, Chhaprabhatha area of New North Zone
of Surat was commissioned and inaugurated by Honorable Chief Minister of Gujarat,
Shri Narendrabhai Modi on Dt.27-05-2012. Total cost of different packages was Rs.50.06
Crores.
Intake well of 360 MLD capacity at Sarthana & 263 MLD at Katargam were
commissioned at total project cost of Rs.33 Crores.
In January 2013, 90 MLD capacity fully automatic water treatment plant with SCADA
was commissioned at Kosad Water Works at a total project cost of Rs.16.47 Crores.
UGSR of 150 Lacs Liters capacity with booster house at Rajashri Hall, Central zone was
commissioned at total project cost of Rs.4.90 Crores.
3 UGSR of total 163 Lacs Liters capacity with booster house with total project cost of
Rs.8.58 Crores were commissioned in 2012-13 for water supply scheme of New South-
East area of Surat under JnNURM.
22. 17 | P a g e
In Year 2012-13, 18 ESR of total 423 Lacs liters were commissioned for New North &
New South east area of Surat under JnNURM at total project cost of Rs.37 Crores.
In Year 2013-14, construction work for 4 UGSR of total 275 Lacs liters capacity and 6
ESR of total 114 Lacs liters capacity was completed at a total project cost of Rs.20.80
Crores.
In year 2014-15, 200 MLD Intake well, 32 MLD WTP, 88 Lacs liters capacity UGSR
with booster house (WDS-1), 3 Elevated Service Reservoirs and associated pipelines
were commissioned at Mota Varachha with a total project cost of Rs.53 Crores as a part
of 24 x 7 water Supply scheme for New North area.
SMC is now poised to achieve the goal of 100% coverage of extended area & population
by year 2016.
Sr. No. Water Supply Project
Year
2010-11
Year
2014-15
Year
2015-16
1 Intake Well (in MLD) 840 1663 2033
2 Water Treatment Plants (in MLD) 1178 1300 1468
3 UGSR Capacity (in Lac lit) 6300 6908 6991
4 ESR Capacity (in Lac lit) 202.5 1039 1207
5 Pipeline (in km) 2550 3250 3350
23. 18 | P a g e
4.8. Water Supply - Present Status (Year 2015)
Population covered under piped network: 95%
Source of Water: River Tapi
Present installed capacity of Water Works (6 Nos.): 1300 MLD
Present gross daily average water supply: 980 MLD
Total storage capacity of all WDS and WW: 7076 Lacs Liters
Water Available from various sources at present
24. 19 | P a g e
5. Water Supply Master Plan
5.1. Water Supply Master Plan Details
Surat Municipal Corporation had prepared a long-term Master Plan in the year 1995 for
Water Supply Scheme of Surat city in consultation with Tata Consulting Engineers,
Mumbai. The Master Plan was prepared to fulfill the water demand for the projected
population growth for the horizon year 2021, considering the base year as 1995. The
purpose of the implementation of water supply scheme is to supply adequate quantity of
potable water with sufficient pressure to every citizen through piped network. According
to Master plan, SMC has implemented the project components for the augmentation of
source, treatment plant, UGSR, transmission line and distribution pipeline network in a
phased manner till now.
In the year 2006, city limit was been extended in two phases by State Govt. notification,
merging 27 Grampanchayats & 8 Nagarpalikas into city. Due to the revised area &
population scenario, revision in existing Master Plan of water supply, based on earlier
city limit, became necessary. Hence preparation of revised Master Plan is in progress at
present by Multimedia Consulting Engineers (Pvt.) Ltd., Ahmedabad.
Total Water Demand
Preliminary forecasted figures of water demand up to year 2041 have shown given in the chart
below: Water Demand up to Year 2041
25. 20 | P a g e
5.2. Future Capacity as per Master Plan
SMC has already started phase-wise implementation of New Water Supply Master Plan to fulfill
water demand up to year 2041. Moreover, works are prioritized to achieve the goal of 100%
coverage of extended area & population by year 2016 through ongoing/planned projects for
increasing water supply capacity, which is shown in the table below.
Ultimate Capacity of Water Supply Components as per Master Plan
Sr.
No.
Water Supply Project
Ultimate capacity
Master Plan Year 2041
/ 2044
1 Intake Well (in MLD) (2041) 2425
2 Water Treatment Plants (in MLD) (2026) 1678
3 UGSR Capacity (in ML) (2026) 738
4 ESR Capacity (in ML) (2041) 166
5 Pipeline (in km) (2041) 3550
Cumulative capacity Increase
26. 21 | P a g e
6. Observations
Components of Water Works for Municipal Water Supply
Collection Works -Water Intake from source
Treatment (or Purification) Works - Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
Transmission Works - Transmission of Treated Water from WTP to Service Storage
Distribution Works - Distribution of Treated Water to Consumers through Pipe Network
Collection works
Transmission works
Treatment works
Transmission works
Distribution works
6.1. Collection works
I have come across to see that here, in Surat the main source of water is river Tapi which has tail
end of the 750 km. The demand of water is mainly fulfilled by raw water which is extracted from
river bed and passed to water treatment plant for further treatment and then supplied to
consumer.
River Intake
It is a type of intake which is located inside the river
so that demands of water are met with in all the
seasons of the year. Water is extracted from river bed
by use of pump and motor which is installed at intake-
27. 22 | P a g e
well. According to the demand, water is taken out from river and supplied to water treatment
plant.
In Surat there are five intake well :
o Rander Intake Well
o Katargam Intake Well(Old)
o Katargam Intake Well(New)
o Mota Varachha Intake Well
o Valak Intake Well
At Rander Intake well, I have seen that there are 8 pumps in working condition out of which 5
are operational and 3 are on standby. Oiling and greasing of pump is done in 15-20 days interval.
Also here itself pre-chlorination is done to raw water before supplying it to treatment plant, for
this purpose a chlorination plant is also there to meet the demand of chlorine over there.
Approximately 70-90 kg of chlorine is used in every hour during pre-chlorination process.
Application of chlorine to water prior to any treatment process is called pre chlorination. The
main purpose of adding chlorine before any treatment process is:
Destruction of micro- organisms
Oxidation of Fe, Mn, H2S
Removal of taste and odour producing compounds
Oxidation of organic compounds
Reduction of chlorine requirement in its post-chlorination stage.
Prevention of algal growth in Lamella.
Technical Specifications of Rander Intake Well
28. 23 | P a g e
6.2. Treatment works
Water treatment transforms raw surface
and groundwater into safe drinking water.
Water treatment involves two major
processes: physical removal of solids and
chemical disinfection. Water is purified to
make it satisfactory in appearance, taste,
and odor as well as safe by removing
harmful organisms. Various methods of
water purification have been developed
which depend on the amount and character of water.
Here in Surat there are 7 Water Treatment Plant(WTP) namely;
1. (200 + 50 MLD) WTP at Rander(Upgradation)
2. 90 MLD WTP at Simada
3. 32 MLD WTP at Mota Varachha
4. (78 + 120 MLD) WTP at Dindoli
5. (150 + 240 MLD) WTP at Katargam
6. (120 + 150 +200 + 144 MLD) WTP at Sarthana
7. (90 + 200 MLD) WTP at Kosad
Process Description
Intake
Well
Cascade
Aerator
Stilling
Chamber
Parshall
Flume
Clariflocculator
Rapid Gravity
Sand Filter
Treated
water
outlet
Treated
water sump
Distribution
System
29. 24 | P a g e
Cascade Aerator
At Katargam I have seen the aeration process which
removes odour due to volatile gases and due to algae
and related organisms. Removes CO2 and reduce
corrosion and remove methane and other
inflammable gases. Increases dissolved oxygen
content in water.
Stilling Chamber
The stilling chamber is used to remove air bubbles from the liquid before it reaches the flow
through unit of the on-line turbidimeter. Air bubbles may cause unstable or incorrect readings on
the monitor.
PAC(Poly Alumina Chloride) are used as
coagulant aid. For preparation of PAC
solution, tanks with epoxy lining on the
inside surfaces are provided. Each tank is
provided with RCC gratings in the feed
chamber for dissolution of poly alumina
chloride. Stainless steel mixing paddles
are provided in each dosing tank for
mixing the solution.
Parshall Flume
The main objective of a parshall flume is to
measure the flow. The raw water from stilling
chamber after pre-chlorination is flown through
to the parshall flume. The parshall flume is a
particular form of Venturi flume and mainly
used for open channel flow measurement.
30. 25 | P a g e
Flash Mixer
The main object of a flash mixer is to ensure proper mixing of chemicals in raw water. After the
flow measurement in Parshall flume, the water is transferred to the flash mixers. The expected
dose of PAC for average turbidity condition is 25 to 35 ppm depending on the process
requirement. During high turbidity condition the PAC dose varies from 45 to 55 ppm depending
upon the process requirement. SS Mechanical agitators with gear box is provided for mixing of
PAC with raw water.
Clarifocculators
At Dindoli waterworks I have come across to see clarifocculators which is a combination of
flocculation and clarification in a single tank. In the Clarifocculators, the water enters the
flocculator, where the flocculating paddles enhance flocculation of the feed solids. As heavy
particles settle to the bottom, the liquid flows radially upward in the clarifier zone
C
Co
oa
ag
gu
ul
la
at
ti
io
on
n a
an
nd
d F
Fl
lo
oc
cc
cu
ul
la
at
ti
io
on
n:
:
Very fine suspended and
colloidal particles are not settled
by simple sedimentation hence
special chemical treatment is
necessary. The effect produced
by addition of a chemical to a
colloidal dispersion, resulting in
particle destabilization that
eventually changes into readily
settle able solids, is called
coagulation. When a coagulant is
added to water the precipitating
solids remain finely divided
unless they are agglomerated
into well-developed flocs by way
of gentle agitation. Flocculation
is necessarily followed after
coagulation. During the flocculation period, agglomeration of colloidal materials with hydrated
coagulant species is completed and they become incorporated in the mass of precipitated floc.
Clarification: The precipitated floc is accumulated in the clarification process and leads to the
formation of sludge blanket. The initial flocculation is completed within this sludge blanket,
clarifier unit. The particulate matters are settled out in the clarifier unit.
31. 26 | P a g e
Rapid Gravity Sand Filter
At Kosad waterworks which
is in neck of commissioning
I got clear understanding of
how Rapid Gravity Sand
filters the water which is
drawn from clarifocculators.
As the name implies have
high filtration rates and is
designed to receive
coagulated and settled
water. When the water
flows down through media,
suspended and most of the
colloidal impurities in the
water are left behind in the
pores or upon the media
itself. This process of separating impurities from the carrying water is called filtration.
The filtering media consists of sand and gravel of desired size and quality. Each filter is provided
with inlet, outlet and backwash drain outlet and air inlet. The clarified water containing the
residual suspended matters pass through the filters during which the residual suspended solids
are retained on the top of filter media. This reduces the rate of filtration through the filters.
Therefore washing of the filter media is necessary for removing the accumulated impurities. For
that scouring is provided by air blowers and water from filtered water tank.
Treated water outlet
Treated water is passed from the filter bed to
treated water sump through treated water outlet
which then ready for distribution following post-
chlorination process.
Chlorine, when added to water, reacts with
reduced state compounds present in the water, and
further reacts with the water itself. The chlorine
reactions to water or nitrogenous compounds
present in water produces chlorine residual, which
are able to kill microorganisms in the water.
32. 27 | P a g e
Raw water parameter Treated water parameter
1.pH 1.pH
8.89 7.6
2. Dissolved oxygen 2. Dissolved oxygen
7.6 7.4
3.Turbidity 3.Turbidity
2.31 1.06
4.FRC(Free Residual Chlorine) 4.FRC(Free Residual Chlorine)
1.25 0.81
Real time data of Dindoli Water Treatment Plant dated 26/08/2021
6.3. Water Distribution System
Distribution system is a network of pipelines that distribute water to the consumers. A good
distribution system should satisfy the followings:
• Water quality should not get deteriorated in the distribution pipes.
• It should be capable of supplying water at all the intended places with sufficient
pressure head.
Key Components of a Water Distribution System
• Pumping station:
Pumps, motors and other electrical and structural components
• Distribution storage:
Mass Balancing Reservoirs, Service Reservoirs, Intermediate Tanks etc.
• Pipes and appurtenances:
Pipes, valves, meters etc.
Pumping Station(Booster House)
Here in Surat, there are Booster
House namely;
1. SarthanaBooster-2
2. Sarthana Booster-3
3. Varaccha HWW Booster-1
4. Varaccha HWW Booster-2
5. KatargamBooster-1
6. KatargamBooster-2
7. KartargamBooster-3
8. RanderBooster-1
33. 28 | P a g e
Pumps in water distribution systems are required for lifting water or providing additional
pressure/head in supply lines.
Distribution Storage
Water is stored in elevated, under
ground or grounded reservoirs in
distribution systems, for ensuring
desired rate of supplying usual hours,
with provisions of meeting
emergency demands. Usually, the
storage reservoirs in distribution
networks include Storage Reservoirs,
Elevated Service Reservoirs
(ESR),and at times, Intermediate
Tanks.
34. 29 | P a g e
7. Maintenance Activities Observation
I have get a chance to have a close observation and see how the maintenance team work
to resolve various issue related mechanical parts. Not only this I have also come across to
see the REPLACEMENT of existing pneumatic control butterfly valves with electrically
operated actuator butterfly valves at Rander Waterworks.
Choke in strainer
There was a problem in Pandesara Booster House, where one of the VT pump discharged
less flow as compare to rated flow. As per standard practice of SMC, Maintenance Team
attended the site to resolve this issue. I also presented there and observed the maintenance
activities carried out by the team. The maintenance team has dismantled the entire pump
(along with elect. Motor) and found that some material were chocked in strainer. After
removing that chocked material, pump was Re-erected by maintenance team and Tested
it OK.
REPLACEMENT of existing pneumatic control butterfly valves with
electrically operated actuator butterfly valves at Rander Waterworks.
I also got the chance to observe of REPALCMENT work of 20 years old pneumatic
control butterfly valves with electrically operated actuator butterfly valves at Rander
Waterworks. It is observed that these valves (old) were installed at Filter beds, and it
seems very difficult and challenging job to replace these valves without disturbing the
DAILY OPERATION of Rander Water Works. But, it is observed that SMC always
come up with effective solution to such problems, which inspire me a lot.
Pneumatic Control Valve (PneumaticActuators)
Pneumatic actuators use air (or
another gas) pressure as the
primary power source to produce
motion, which, in turn, controls
the valve. In the most common
type of pneumatic actuator, the
diaphragm actuator, air is pumped
into a hollow casing where the
resulting pressure acts on a
flexible rubber diaphragm to
35. 30 | P a g e
deflect it from its original position. The diaphragm, which is connected to a valve stem,
moves up or down to adjust the pneumatic electric valve disc and control fluid flow.
Pneumatic actuators typically produce linear motion but can also be used to generate
rotary movement.
Actuator Control Valve(Elcetric Actuators)
Electric actuators, on the other
hand, use electricity as the main
power source to drive the actuator
motion. Electric actuators are
further subdivided into two
classifications: solenoid or motor-
driven actuators.
Here in SMC, Motor-driven
actuators are used an to move the
valve to the desired position.
Electric actuators are capable of
producing linear or rotary motion.
Pneumatic Actuators have following limitations.
High Maintenance in cylinder and Air line.
Difficult to maintain required pressure in long line in terms of air leakages.
High Operating costs include replacement, cylinder costs, air line installation and
maintenance.
Air compressor used for pneumatic actuator having low efficiency when the
compressor is partially loaded, which result waste of electricity.
They must also constantly compress air at the operating pressure, even when the
actuator isn’t moving, which leads to low efficiency.
In addition the devices used in the pneumatic system need to be maintained on a
regular basis.
36. 31 | P a g e
Pneumatic actuators must be sized for a specific job in order to be efficient. This
requires proportional sized valves, regulators, and compressors which raises the cost
and complexity.
Considering all the above limitations and old valves and also pneumatic actuators
installations are almost 20 years old, SMC had decided to REPLACE these old
installation with electrically operated actuator butterfly valves.
Some of the Key benefits of electrically operated actuator over pneumatic actuator
are as follow;
Electric actuators is the precise control and positioning. This allow easy
implementation in existing machines and systems at low operating costs.
Having the electronics separate from the actuator supports easy maintenance and
minimal replacement costs
Another key differentiator is the very low noise of electric actuators compared to
pneumatic actuators.
They can be easily networked and programmed quickly. Immediate feedback for
diagnostics and maintenance is available.
In addition, their motion profiles can be fully controlled and encoders can be
implemented for even greater control of for example velocity, position, torque, and
applied force.
37. 32 | P a g e
References
1. https://www.suratsmartcity.com/
2. https://www.suratmunicipal.gov.in/
3. https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/a-visit-a-
wastewater-treatment-plant?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-
science_center_objects
4. https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/public/water_treatment.html
5. https://www.rs-online.com/designspark/how-to-decide-between-a-pneumatic-
and-an-electric-actuator
6. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105/104/105104102/