Agri 2312 chapter 10 natural resources, the environment and agriculture
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This document discusses interactions between agriculture, natural resources, and the environment. It covers various topics such as water pollution, climate change, economics of soil conservation, government policies around resource use. Water pollutants from agriculture can include nutrients and chemicals that cause cancer. Government uses policies like subsidies and regulations to influence resource use and reduce pollution from agriculture in an economically efficient way.
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This fact sheet explains the CAP’s important contribution to environmental sustainability (in Section 1), and the part played by other policy and regulatory measures in helping the EU to meet global environmental sustainability aims and targets (in Section 2). Some major landmarks are set out in Box 1.
E agriculture - a definition and profile of its application
FAO defines e-agriculture as using information and communication technologies to improve agricultural services, technology dissemination, and information delivery, especially to rural areas. E-agriculture goes beyond just technology to integrate it with knowledge sharing. Examples include using the internet and mobile phones to provide farmers information on market prices, weather, and extension services. More advanced applications include precision agriculture using GPS and sensors to optimize production, and e-commerce where farmers can market and sell products online. FAO is working to expand access to ICTs in rural areas through programs like radio networks and initiatives to disseminate information.
Control Environment Agriculture
It's have most of information about control environment agriculture such as vertical farming,hydroponic, aeroponic,building integrated Agriculure etc
Poverty alleviation through community extension services A Presentation By Mr...
Poverty alleviation through community extension services A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
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This document discusses the environmental impacts of agriculture and aquaculture. It notes that while farming can help environments when sustainably practiced, unsustainable practices pose major threats. Key impacts include habitat loss from land conversion, wasteful water consumption, soil erosion, various forms of pollution, contributions to climate change, and loss of genetic diversity. For aquaculture, the document outlines impacts such as destruction of habitats, overexploitation of wild juveniles, water depletion and salinization, disease issues, waste impacts on water quality, and effects of escaped farmed fish.
Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA): More than Hydroponics
CEA is an umbrella term for indoor plant cultivation methods that use technology to control the environment. It allows year-round production with less water and land than traditional agriculture. CEA can take place in buildings like skyscrapers or warehouses and enables agriculture in cities. Common CEA methods include hydroponics, which uses nutrient solutions in a soilless system, and vertical farming. The controlled environment optimizes factors like temperature, light, and nutrients to maximize plant growth.
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This document discusses climate-smart smallholder agriculture, comparing it to traditional approaches. It makes three key points:
1. Climate-smart smallholder agriculture focuses more on managing climate risks and developing local institutions' ability to deal with uncertainty than traditional approaches. This includes assessing climate impacts and prioritizing risks.
2. It emphasizes long-term development scenarios over short-term gains to build resilience against future climate changes. Scenarios could include rising sea levels and effects on food production.
3. In addition to adaptation measures, it considers emissions from agriculture and food systems, which account for 10-29% of global greenhouse gases. Integrated approaches that provide multiple benefits like conserving biodiversity and liv
Effect of climatic factors on crop
- Pakistan's agriculture is dependent on climate factors like temperature, rainfall, and solar radiation. Climate change is expected to negatively impact crop yields through rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns.
- Studies project decreases in wheat and rice production in Pakistan's semi-arid and arid regions due to increased temperatures reducing the length of the growing season.
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- Climate change poses challenges but also opportunities for Pakistan agriculture, which will require adapting cropping practices and developing climate-resilient varieties.
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Climate Change and Its Impacts on Agriculture
The document discusses the impacts of climate change based on IPCC findings. It notes that greenhouse gas concentrations are at their highest levels in at least 420,000 years and that the planet will continue warming for decades even if emissions are reduced now. Specific impacts discussed include increasing temperatures, more extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and threats to agriculture, water resources, health, and coastal areas in the Philippines from these changes.
Role of computers in science and technology agriculture
This document discusses the role of computers and technology in Indian agriculture. It outlines how remote sensing, GIS, and precision farming are helping farmers monitor fields and environment. It also describes how e-Choupal, Agmarknet, and other online platforms are improving access to information on crops, prices, and markets to help farmers. Overall, the document argues that information technology has great potential to benefit Indian agriculture by increasing efficiency, productivity, and farmer incomes.
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This presentation by Dr A R R Menon, Emeritus scientist, CED on Remote Sensing applications in agriculture and forestry was made at at the Kerala Environment Congress, Trivandrum organised by the Centre for Environment and Development
ONLINE ASSIGNMENT
The agricultural sector in India is facing a crisis. Productivity growth has been declining and agriculture's contribution to GDP is decreasing over time. Several factors are contributing to the crisis, including exploitation by middlemen, climate change impacts, falling prices, rising production costs, crop losses, lack of available land, and environmental degradation from overuse of chemicals. To address the crisis, the document recommends increasing government investment and subsidies in agriculture, restricting imports, improving credit access for farmers, and revising procurement prices to ensure remunerative incomes for farmers.
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E agriculture - a definition and profile of its application
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Poverty alleviation through community extension services A Presentation By Mr...
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Climate and Water Quality Policy Design for Agriculture with Environmental Co...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
Many Agro-environmental practices, such as reduced fertilizer use or establishment of green set-asides, which are incentivized by policy instruments, may have simultaneous positive effects on multiple environmental goods. These environmental co-benefits increase the social desirability of a given policy instrument. In this paper we focus on water quality and GHG emissions and examine how climate and water quality policy instruments affect both their primary target emission and co-benefit emissions. We trace out especially the relative role of land use versus input use in emissions reduction. To facilitate this comparison, we define the socially optimal policy instruments when environmental co-benefits are either accounted for or omitted.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000552.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on International Journal of Agronomy please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
Agriculture and climate change A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri...
Agriculture and climate change A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province & Visiting Professor Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan
Lecture 1.pptx
The document discusses the environment, sustainable development, and environmental sustainability. It defines the environment as including air, water, land and the interrelationships between these components. It then outlines some of the functions of the environment like providing resources and sustaining life. It also discusses some of the problems related to the environment like overexploitation of natural resources, deforestation, pollution, and land degradation. Some of the causes of these environmental problems are listed as population growth, poverty, urbanization, industrialization, and increased transportation and chemical usage. The document then defines sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. It lists some strategies for achieving sustainable development such as efficient technology, renewable energy
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Presented by William Sutton, Pierre Gerber, Leah Germer, Félix Teillard, Clark Halpern, Benjamin Henderson, Michael Mcleod and Lee Cando at the Programme for Climate-Smart Livestock systems Closing Event, 13 September 2022
chapter17.ppt
Chattanooga, Tennessee took steps in the 1960s to address its extremely polluted air and river through its Vision 2000 program, which encouraged zero-emission industries, replaced diesel buses, increased recycling, improved low-income housing, created a riverfront park and aquarium. This case study shows how a city can transform itself from one of the dirtiest in the US to a more sustainable environment.
chapter17.ppt
Chattanooga, Tennessee took steps in the 1960s to address its extremely polluted air and river through its Vision 2000 program. This encouraged zero-emission industries, replaced diesel buses, increased recycling, improved low-income housing, created a riverfront park and aquarium. Environmental economics considers human economic systems as subsystems of the biosphere. It aims to include environmental and health costs in market prices, subsidize sustainable practices, tax pollution, and reduce poverty to encourage more sustainable resource use and development. Different environmental worldviews view the balance between human and ecosystem needs differently, from viewing humans as apart from and able to manage nature, to viewing humans as integrated within nature.
Environment economics
Chattanooga, Tennessee took steps in the 1960s to address its extremely polluted air and river through its Vision 2000 plan, which encouraged zero-emission industries, replaced diesel buses, increased recycling, improved low-income housing, created a riverfront park and aquarium. Figures 17-1 through 17-11 outline different economic approaches and tools that can be used to promote environmentally sustainable development, including full-cost pricing, subsidies for green businesses, taxes on pollution, tradable pollution permits, reducing poverty and improving energy efficiency.
Environmental Science, Politics and Worldviews
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Running head ENVIRONMENT1ENVIRONMENT 10Environmen.docx
Running head: ENVIRONMENT 1
ENVIRONMENT 10
Environment
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G328/EVR3410 Human Uses of the Environment
The US ought to commit itself to the agreement of Paris. Through this, the country will be able to contribute conservation of the environment to the maximum. The country ought to try and commit itself to the agreement of Paris since it brought countries from all over the world into one cause. Therefore, undertaking the ambitions required for dealing with the climate change and adapting the probable impacts and challenges accordingly, experienced by every state and coming up with resolutions to aid the third world countries to withstand difficulties they encounter.
Hence, the agreement will chart a new course in the world climate efforts which will assist to safeguard the wellbeing of the health of people. Again, the US should consider committing itself to the agreement since it is made to strengthen the responses of the world to the threats that come as a result of adverse changes of climate through development of favorable or world temperature rise in the century, for the universe to experience a 2 degree Celsius reduction in the areas that are industrialized. The states as a whole ought to develop distinct efforts to assure that countries experience a 2 degree Celsius temperature decrease according to the Paris agreement. The deal is essential in the sense that it will strengthen the ability of nations to combat the results caused by changes in climate as it noticed that it is changing each year.
The US committing itself will allow it to oversee developments in the nation as a particular financial flow ought to be witnessed, new technologies developed and capacity of building framework that is enhanced is brought into use which will support the country's actions through promoting them invulnerable and reliable nations, hence meeting their set goals. The Paris deal has given enough transparency to each nation's effort and developed a clear framework for the states to fight the climate change consequences within a set period.
We experience global warming resulting from constant pollution of air and elevated industrialization by numerous nations around the globe. As days pass, more industries are built, and no mechanism is established to prevent the polluted air from going into the atmosphere. Resources of water have been affected as a result of global warming, leading to irrigation supplies decline. This occurs because of mountain snowpack loss hence the drop in water amounts for irrigation. Nevertheless, underground water is contaminated by global warming resulting in the death of different species living in the water. Furthermore, at a given period, there will be a low production of power due to disruption of sources of power supply. This will be as a result of shrinking glaciers in the mountain. Recreational points will also be affected as a result of snowpack reduction resulted from constant atmosp ...
CEPS seminar -Public goods from private land
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Carbon sequestration: conflicts and benefits. Harper Piarn
Land-based carbon sequestration can contribute significantly to restoring carbon balance through planting trees and improving soil carbon, as well as replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy. However, large-scale carbon investment in these areas also presents challenges and trade-offs regarding food and water security, biodiversity, and local communities. While afforestation and reforestation can provide environmental co-benefits, they may compete with agricultural land and water usage. Deforestation reductions also benefit the environment but conversion of forest land to agriculture raises issues around future global food supply and local economic development. Effective policy needs to consider all costs and benefits through economic, energy, carbon, food, water, and social lenses to design sustainable land-use
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The document summarizes Minnesota's Statewide Conservation and Preservation Plan which aims to:
1) Provide a comprehensive inventory and assessment of Minnesota's environment and natural resources.
2) Identify key issues affecting natural resources and recommend actions to improve outcomes.
3) Highlight opportunities for forest biomass and carbon markets to mitigate climate change through practices like cellulosic ethanol production and perennial crop sequestration.
Renewable Energy and Agriculture: A Partnership for Sustainable Development
ABSTARCT: Agriculture is the sole provider of human food. Most farms machines are driven by fossil fuels, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and in turn, accelerate climate change. Such environmental damage can be mitigated by the promotion of renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, biomass, small hydro, and biofuels. These renewable resources have a huge potential for agriculture industry. The concept of sustainable agriculture lies on a delicate balance of maximizing crop productivity and maintaining economic stability, while minimizing the utilization of finite natural resources and detrimental environmental impacts. Sustainable agriculture also depends on replenishing the soil while minimizing the use of non-renewable resources, such as natural gas, which is used in converting atmospheric nitrogen into synthetic fertilizer and mineral ores, e.g phosphate or fossil fuel used in diesel generator for water pumping for irrigation.Hence, there is a need for promoting use of renewable energy systems for sustainable agriculture e.g solar photovoltaic water pumps and electricity, greenhouse technologies, solar dryers for post harvest processing and solar hot water heaters. In remote agricultural lands, the underground submersible solar photovoltaic water pump is economically viable and also an environmentally friendly option as compared with a diesel generator set. This article details the role of renewable energy in farming by connecting all aspects of environment, societal change and ecology
Egk 2012 boris buechler, slm
1) The document discusses integrating climate smartness into sustainable land management in Ethiopia through the EU/MOA/GIZ Project of the Global Climate Change Alliance.
2) Effects of climate change like droughts and floods can accelerate land degradation, lower crop and livestock productivity, and reduce food and income.
3) The project aims to take a threefold approach of mitigation, adaptation, and livelihoods to manage climate risks through practices like carbon sequestration, behavioral changes, and ensuring food security and income.
Green technology
Green technology aims to reduce environmental impact through more sustainable practices. It encompasses areas like green chemistry, green nanotechnology, green building, green IT, and green energy. Green chemistry principles focus on reducing waste and hazardous materials. Green nanotechnology applies nanoscience to make processes more environmentally friendly. Green building uses renewable materials and solar energy to reduce environmental impact. Green IT focuses on improving energy efficiency of computing systems. Green energy generates power from renewable sources like solar and wind to reduce pollution. Triple bottom line accounting and corporate social responsibility integrate environmental and social metrics with financial performance.
Learn About A Few Benefits Of Sustainable Farming As Per Benedict T Palen Jr....
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AGRI 4411 Farm Management Chapter 03
This chapter discusses acquiring and organizing management resources for a farm business. It introduces key accounting concepts like cash versus accrual accounting, basic accounting terms, and choosing an accounting system. The chapter also outlines the recommendations of the Farm Financial Standards Council and financial records that are important for farm management, tax preparation, and analysis.
AGRI 4411 Farm Management Chapter 2
The document discusses farm management and outlines the functions of management including planning, implementation, control, and adjustment. It then discusses strategic farm management, identifying the steps as defining the mission, formulating goals, assessing resources, surveying the environment, identifying strategies, and implementing plans. Finally, the document discusses tactical decision making and characteristics of decisions in agriculture.
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The document discusses how farm management will change in the 21st century. Future farm managers will need strong decision-making, financial management, and technology skills to adapt to larger farm sizes, more competition, sophisticated consumers, and environmental/health regulations. They will rely heavily on information systems, precision tools, and form alliances/specialize to remain profitable in the changing agricultural landscape.
Agri 2312 chapter 12 product markets and national output
This document summarizes key concepts from a chapter on product markets and national output. It discusses how gross domestic product is measured as the total value of final goods and services produced, consisting of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. Aggregate demand is determined by modeling consumption as a function of disposable income and investment as influenced by interest rates and profits. Product market equilibrium exists when aggregate demand equals aggregate supply at full employment output. Inflationary or recessionary gaps can occur when the economy is not at full employment level.
Agri 2312 chapter 9 market equilibrium and product price imperfect competition
This document summarizes different market structures and concepts related to imperfect competition. It discusses monopolistic competition, oligopolies, and monopolies as types of imperfect competitors in selling. It also covers monopsonies, oligopsonies, and monopsonistic competition as types of imperfect competitors in buying. The key characteristics and profit-maximizing behavior of each market structure are described. The document also provides examples of imperfect competition in agricultural input and output markets, and discusses some governmental regulatory measures used to address the adverse effects of imperfect competition.
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Agri 2312 chapter 18 why nations trade
This document discusses the concepts of absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and competitive advantage in explaining why nations trade. It provides examples showing that the US has an absolute advantage in wheat production while Mexico has an advantage in coffee. However, Mexico has a comparative advantage in coffee due to lower opportunity costs. Through specialization and trade based on these advantages, both nations can consume beyond their production possibilities and gain from trade.
Agri 2312 chapter 17 exchange rates and agricultural trade
This document discusses exchange rates and their impact on agricultural trade. It covers key topics such as the foreign exchange market, balance of payments, determinants of exchange rates, and how exchange rate fluctuations affect trade. The value of a currency is determined by supply and demand in the foreign exchange market. Balance of payments tracks international trade and capital flows. Most countries allow their currencies to float or peg them to other currencies within limits set by the International Monetary Fund. Exchange rate changes influence export prices and trade volumes - a stronger dollar makes US exports more expensive overseas.
Agri 2312 chapter 16 agriculture and international trade
This document discusses topics related to agricultural trade, including the increasing importance of trade to U.S. agriculture. It notes that over half of U.S. cotton, rice, and soybean production is now exported. The U.S. has recorded agricultural trade surpluses since the 1950s. The document also outlines the creation of the WTO to liberalize trade and reduce subsidies and tariffs. Key trading partners for the U.S. include Canada, Asia, and Latin America. Developing countries have grown as suppliers of global agricultural exports.
Agri 2312 chapter 15 macroeconomic policy and agriculture
The document discusses the impacts of macroeconomic policy on the agricultural sector. Expansionary monetary and fiscal policy generally leads to higher agricultural prices, net farm incomes, and farmland values by lowering interest rates and boosting the economy. Contractionary policy has the opposite effects, with lower prices, incomes and land values as interest rates rise and economic growth slows. The impacts on individual farmers depend on whether policy changes affect markets in a way that increases or decreases consumer and producer surplus.
Agri 2312 chapter 14 consequences of business fluctuations
This document summarizes key topics from Chapter 14 on the consequences of business fluctuations, including:
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2. It explains how to calculate the civilian unemployment rate and defines different types of unemployment.
3. It defines inflation and how to calculate the consumer price index and inflation rate, noting the relationship between inflation and unemployment depicted by the Phillips Curve.
4. It discusses how demand-oriented policies can increase inflation in the short-run while supply-oriented policies can reduce inflation. Both types of policies are used simultaneously in practice.
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The document summarizes key topics in macroeconomic policy fundamentals including monetary policy conducted by the Federal Reserve System and fiscal policy at the federal level. It describes the functions of money and the Federal Reserve System, how the money supply is determined, and the effects of monetary policy tools. It also discusses fiscal policy tools used by the federal government, trends in budget deficits and national debt, and the impacts of expansionary and contractionary fiscal policy actions.
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The document discusses various approaches the US government has taken to support farm prices and incomes. It describes early approaches such as commodity loans and set-aside programs. The FAIR Act of 1996 decoupled payments from production but resulted in high supplemental payments. Later bills restored aspects of the safety net, including counter-cyclical payments. Demand-side policies aim to expand domestic markets through value-added products and boost export demand through subsidies.
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This chapter discusses different types of market structures beyond perfect competition, including imperfect competition in both selling and buying. It provides examples of monopolistic competition, oligopolies, and monopolies as imperfect competitors in selling, characterized by their ability to influence prices through product differentiation or barriers to entry. On the buying side, the chapter examines monopsonistic competition, oligopsonies, and monopsonies as imperfect competitors who are not price takers. The chapter concludes by outlining various governmental regulatory measures implemented to counteract the adverse effects of imperfect competition in markets.
Agri 2312 chapter 8 market equilibrium and product price
The document discusses market equilibrium under perfect competition. It defines key concepts like market supply, demand, producer surplus, consumer surplus, total economic surplus. It explains how the market supply curve is built by summing individual firm supply curves. It also discusses how markets adjust towards equilibrium through the cobweb theory and how demand and supply shifts as well as changes in input costs can impact the market equilibrium price and quantity from the perspective of individual firms.
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This chapter discusses concepts related to production including isoquants, iso-cost lines, and production possibilities frontiers. It examines finding the least-cost combination of inputs and the profit-maximizing combination of outputs. A change in input or output prices will shift the iso-cost line or iso-revenue line and alter the optimal production levels. The key concepts are that production is most efficient where the marginal rate of technical substitution equals the input price ratio and profits are maximized where the marginal rate of product transformation equals the output price ratio.
Agri 2312 chapter 6 introduction to production and resource use
The document provides an introduction to production and resource use, covering key topics such as:
- Conditions of perfect competition and classifications of inputs (labor, capital, land, management)
- Production functions and relationships (TPP, MPP, APP curves) showing output in relation to variable inputs
- Cost concepts (total, average, marginal costs) and their relationships to production levels and profit maximization
- Revenue concepts (price, marginal revenue, average revenue) and how profits are maximized where MR=MC under perfect competition
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This document provides an introduction to production and resource use. It discusses key concepts including the conditions of perfect competition, classification of inputs, production relationships, and assessing costs. Specifically, it defines inputs as labor, capital, land, and management. It introduces the total physical product curve and shows the three stages of production. It also discusses the relationships between marginal physical product, average physical product, and marginal cost. Optimal output and input levels are where marginal revenue/value equals marginal cost/input cost.
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Agri 2312 chapter 12 product markets and national output
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Agri 2312 chapter 9 market equilibrium and product price imperfect competition
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Agri 2312 chapter 6 introduction to production and resource use
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Agri 2312 chapter 19 agricultureal trade policy and preferential trading arra...
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Agri 2312 chapter 17 exchange rates and agricultural trade
Agri 2312 chapter 16 agriculture and international trade
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Agri 2312 chapter 15 macroeconomic policy and agriculture
Agri 2312 chapter 15 macroeconomic policy and agriculture
Agri 2312 chapter 14 consequences of business fluctuations
Agri 2312 chapter 14 consequences of business fluctuations
Agri 2312 chapter 13 macroeconomic policy fundamentals
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