Ageing, also spelled aging, is the process of becoming older. The term refers especially to human beings, many animals, and fungi, whereas for example bacteria, perennial plants and some simple animals are potentially immortal. In the broader sense, ageing can refer to single cells within an organism which have ceased dividing (cellular senescence) or to the population of a species (population ageing). In humans, ageing represents the accumulation of changes in a human being over time,[1] encompassing physical, psychological, and social change. Reaction time, for example, may slow with age, while knowledge of world events and wisdom may expand. Ageing is among the greatest known risk factors for most human diseases:[2] of the roughly 150,000 people who die each day across the globe, about two thirds die from age-related causes. The causes of ageing are uncertain; current theories are assigned to the damage concept, whereby the accumulation of damage (such as DNA oxidation) may cause biological systems to fail, or to the programmed ageing concept, whereby internal processes (such as DNA methylation) may cause ageing. Programmed ageing should not be confused with programmed cell death (apoptosis).

1. AGING – HOW TO COPEAGING – HOW TO COPE
WITH ITWITH IT
DR SREEJOY PATNAIK

2. AgingAging
 Human aging process involves
multidimensional changes on
 -physical,
 -psychological,
 -cultural
 and social levels..

4. What Happens to us as we age?What Happens to us as we age?
Trillions of cells in our body are
constantly changing, some get
destroyed or die and at the same time
new cells are formed every minute, this
accounts to our body's growth.

5. The Aging ProcessThe Aging Process

6. What happens to our brain asWhat happens to our brain as
we age?we age?
Some parts of the brain shrink , others
remain stable as we age.
Impairment of the brain to encode or
decode new memories and facts.
The act of processing speed and
reflexes decline.

7. What happens to our skin and hairWhat happens to our skin and hair
as we age?as we age?
 This part of aging is visible and very
prominent.
 Skin begins to develop wrinkles and dark
spots (age spots).
 The ability of skin to produce oils reduces
resulting in dry and lusterless skin.
 Hair becomes thinner than normal and the
changes in hair color from gray initially to
turning white eventually marks aging.
 Then they start falling down- baldness

8. Changes in SkinChanges in Skin

9. Changes in SkinChanges in Skin

10. Changes in HairsChanges in Hairs

11. What Happens to Our Bones as We Age?What Happens to Our Bones as We Age?
 The friction between the joints
increases ( lubrication
reduced) causing pain on
movement.
 The bones become porous
with constant loss of density
and strength.
 Bones reservoirs of minerals
( calcium and phosphorus). –
depletes - making bones
fragile and weak.

12. Spinal ChangesSpinal Changes

13. Muscle ChangesMuscle Changes

14. What Happens to Our Vision as
We Age?

15.  The retinas become thinner.
 Sharpness of viewing objects at a distance
is impaired.
 Objects placed at a distance appear
blurred.
 The irises get stiffened.
 Pupils become less responsive and more
sensitive to glare.
 Cataracts and glaucoma are common.

16. What happens to our hearing
as we age?

17. Hearing loss.
The eardrums thicken, making
hearing more difficult than usual.

18. What Happens to Our Heart asWhat Happens to Our Heart as
We Age?We Age?


19.  The blood vessels lose their elasticity.
 Fatty deposition on artery walls makes the
arteries smaller & narrow for the blood flow.
 Heart works harder than usual to pump the
blood to other parts of the body.
 The ultimate result is hypertension,
arteriosclerosis, cardiac arrest.

20. Aging Process of SkinAging Process of Skin

21. Skin Aging FactsSkin Aging Facts
Several hormonal changes
thins the skin.
Thinning - more fragile and
prone to damage caused by
scratches.
The skin loses its resistance
against allergens and irritable
environmental factors.
There is a loss of skin's strength
and elasticity..
There is slow replacement
of cells in the epidermis.
Deceleration in the turnover
of the surface layer of the
skin.
The number of blood
vessels in the skin
decrease.
Skin loses its youthful glow
and shine.
Wound healing ability of the
skin slows.

22. Factors that Cause Early SkinFactors that Cause Early Skin
AgingAging
 Ultraviolet rays
 Diet deficient in vitamins and minerals.
 Long term exposure to sunlight
 Stress.
 Tanning caused by any agent or medium
 Over-use of cosmetics
 Smoking

23. Aging Skin: Elasticity in Aging SkinAging Skin: Elasticity in Aging Skin

24.  Remedy- use sun
protection in the
form of sun screen
for the skin (SPF 30 or
more).
 Cover all parts of
your body when in
direct contact with
the sun's rays.
Avoid Sun Exposure
The sun's harmful UB and
UBV rays drain all the
water from the skin,
increase the melanin
levels - leathery and
stretched look.
Continuous exposure
leads to loss of skin
elasticity.

25. Exercising will also
improve muscle
mass, which is an
important factor
in restoring and
maintaining skin
elasticity. .
Exercise Regularly
Doing some form of exercise
- prevent the loss of skin
elasticity
Exercising helps flush out all the toxins
from your body, improve blood
circulation ,supply more oxygen and
nutrients to the body and regulate the
hormones.

26.  Quit Smoking
 Smoking will cause the aging and damaging of the
skin faster.
 Smoking causes the blood vessels to constrict,
thereby preventing proper intake of oxygen and
other nutrients - maintain elasticity of skin

27. Aging ProcessAging Process

28. Discomforts of AgingDiscomforts of Aging
Aches
Pains
Sags
forgetfullness
Regular exercise
Practicing relaxation techniques
Keeping stress under control
Taking good care of your body and brain
Can ensure more active and pain free old age.

29. With agingWith aging
 Wrinkles around the mouth, (smile lines).
( loss in skin elasticity).
 Skin tends to grow thinner and less elastic.
 Becomes drier than before.
 The natural oil that is production- (youth) is
less.

30. Factors effecting agingFactors effecting aging
1.Exposure to UV light.
- destroys the collagen and elastin fibers in the skin
leading to sagging and wrinkling.
2.Smoking
-Wrinkles around the mouth is common.
(worsens the the blood supply to the skin).
3.Smiling, Squinting, Frowing and other facial movements and
expressions.
(adds to the process of the skin losing its elasticity.)

31. Measures to Reduce WrinklesMeasures to Reduce Wrinkles
 Avoid Prolonged exposure to the sun.
 Avoid Skin exposure to air pollution, dry climate, dust, dirt, etc.
 Use proper cover in preventing the onset of wrinkles
 Diet should be rich in fruits and vegetables, particularly (rich in
antioxidants).
 Omega 3 fish oil in favor of a healthy and glowing skin.
 Drink plenty of water (at least 8-9 glasses of water) - skin moist.

32.  Use Lip Balms or Gels
Dryness - shrivels up of cells around the lips - wrinkle. Lip balm - apply it
daily. This keeps your lips moisturized and hydrated.
Avoid Upper Lip Waxing
waxing pulls the skin of the upper lip a lot, frequent threading will
conduce to lip wrinkles. - permanent hair removal treatment done
(laser treatment)
 Regular Exfoliation
The lips have to be cleared of their dead cells every two weeks.
Exfoliation will reveal the soft, beautiful skin beneath and will keep
them moist and hydrated. (olive oil in a bowl and add some sugar)
form a paste and gently rub this paste onto the lips with a washcloth in
circular motions. Then slowly wash off the paste with tepid water and
apply lip balm.

33. Growing Old Can Be BeautifulGrowing Old Can Be Beautiful

34. Every morning you rise up from bed and the first thing you do is,
observe yourself before the mirror.
Few wrinkles and few strands of gray hair make you wonder,
'am I aging?’
and you try to stretch your jaw to ensure if the laughter
lines have actually
gained prominence.
Aging signs - cannot be missed
It's difficult to imagine ourselves growing old - the aging
process is inevitable (natural phenomenon. )

35. Aging Process - CausesAging Process - Causes
1. Cellular Changes:1. Cellular Changes:
Cellular multiplication slows down with age.
The rate of formationof T-lymphocytes of the immune system decreases
with age.
This makes the body susceptible to diseases.
Immune breakdown triggers the human aging process, as the
body is now vulnerable to a large number of diseases.

36. 2. Genetic Factors:2. Genetic Factors:
The genes associated with the mechanism of
programmed cell death or apoptosis also affects
aging in individuals

37. 3. Environmental Factors:3. Environmental Factors:
Environmental stress associated with exposure to excessive
heat and light trigger the activity of aging genes.
Constant exposure to toxins and poisons accentuate the
aging process.
Poor oxygen conditions and malnutrition are also
responsible for early aging.

38. 4. Health Conditions:4. Health Conditions:
 There are certain genetic disorders that completely change
the phenotype of an individual.
(Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome, Down Syndrome and Werner’s Syndrome)
 They look much older than their age.
 Osteoporosis and arthritis - aging process in women.
 Parkinson's disease – certain toxins -degenerate the neurons
that hinders the memory of brain.
 Alzheimer’s disease, a substance - amyloid is produced that
destroys the brain cells.
 All these interferes with the normal aging process.
 There are certain genetic disorders that completely change
the phenotype of an individual.
(Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome, Down Syndrome and Werner’s Syndrome)
 They look much older than their age.
 Osteoporosis and arthritis - aging process in women.
 Parkinson's disease – certain toxins -degenerate the neurons
that hinders the memory of brain.
 Alzheimer’s disease, a substance - amyloid is produced that
destroys the brain cells.
 All these interferes with the normal aging process.

39. 5. Unhealthy Lifestyle:5. Unhealthy Lifestyle:
 .
Aging process in men
Over consumption of alcohol
and heavy smoking.
Lack of exercise, inadequate
rest or sleep, mental stress.
Regular consumption of
excessive spicy food and
caffeine renders an old look.
Sloth and sluggish lifestyle
makes one feel old

40. 1.Wrinkles Around the Mouth1.Wrinkles Around the Mouth
 Classic signs of aging (inevitable).
 No cure.
 Techniques in improving it...

44. Remedies for Wrinkles around theRemedies for Wrinkles around the
Mouth?Mouth?
 Massage coconut oil to the affected area, daily before going to bed.
 Face mask –
 Yogurt (2 tsp)
 Lemon juice (½ tsp)
 Honey (½ tsp).
 Vitamin E capsules
 (Use a cotton ball to apply this mixture to the wrinkled area of the
skin. Wait for about 15 minutes before rinsing off.)
 Applying lemon juice around the mouth.
 Before going to bed, massage the wrinkled areas with any face
cream, in an upward direction.
 Rubbing pure castor oil around the corners of the mouth helps in
improving the appearance of wrinkles.

45. 2.Fine Lines Under Eyes2.Fine Lines Under Eyes
(Wrinkles)(Wrinkles)
When the first line starts
appearing, women start
losing their sleep over it.
These fine lines under eyes
are the first sign of aging

46. Causes of Fine Lines Under EyesCauses of Fine Lines Under Eyes
On aging , the elastin fibers and the
collagen present in the skin around
your eyes and mouth starts breaking
down.
Skin also starts losing its moisture
content, and it also loses the ability to
renew.
Dry skin with wrinkles and fine lines

47. How to Reduce Fine Lines Under EyesHow to Reduce Fine Lines Under Eyes
• Protect yourself from the sun.
• Wear a sun hat and your sun
glasses.
• Protect yourself from the sun.
• Wear a sun hat and your sun
glasses.
• Stop smoking .
• Smoking causes fine lines.
• the smoke gets into your
eyes causes you to squint,
fine lines and wrinkles.
 As the skin around our eyes
are thinner and drier tends
to get drier with age.
 Moisturize it with a high
quality moisturizer and
massage that area.
• Remove your makeup at the
end of the day Remove your
eye makeup gently with a
cleanser.

48. Home Remedies for Fine Lines Under EyesHome Remedies for Fine Lines Under Eyes
 Make a paste of sugarcane juice
(1 - 2 tablespoons) and turmeric
powder (2 - 3 spoons), keep it
aside for 5 minutes, and then apply
it.
 Rub coconut oil on the fine lines
every night and you will see the
difference within few days.
 Make a paste of sugarcane juice
(1 - 2 tablespoons) and turmeric
powder (2 - 3 spoons), keep it
aside for 5 minutes, and then apply
it.
 Rub coconut oil on the fine lines
every night and you will see the
difference within few days.
 Rub the central part a pineapple on
the fine lines or just rub its juice all
over the lines. It will help reduce the
lines.
 Fresh juice of an apple or a
cucumber, rubbed over the fine
lines will also help get rid of them.
 Lemon juice works wonders for
removing wrinkles. It also helps to
make your skin clear.
 Egg white or castor oil keeps the
skin around your eyes soft, nourishes
it and reduces the wrinkles around
eyes.
 Rub the central part a pineapple on
the fine lines or just rub its juice all
over the lines. It will help reduce the
lines.
 Fresh juice of an apple or a
cucumber, rubbed over the fine
lines will also help get rid of them.
 Lemon juice works wonders for
removing wrinkles. It also helps to
make your skin clear.
 Egg white or castor oil keeps the
skin around your eyes soft, nourishes
it and reduces the wrinkles around
eyes.

49. OTHER REMEDIESOTHER REMEDIES
 Regular yoga
 Drink enough water
 Avoid junk food.
 Lead a stress free life
 Avoid any kind or laser treatments or
chemical injections

50. 3.Neck Wrinkles3.Neck Wrinkles

51. Neck WrinklesNeck Wrinkles
 The first wrinkle on the neck are mostly horizontal
lines. ('venus's rings'.)
 Get pronounced and more visible with your flexing of
the neck.
 Vertical lines - indicate wrinkling and sagging of the
skin.
 Cause- sunlight exposure & disturbed sleeping
patterns..

52. Neck Wrinkles: TreatmentNeck Wrinkles: Treatment
 Botox is injected into
the muscles present in
the target site. It
improves the moderate
to severe fine lines on
the skin
 Injectable fillers are
used to fill the wrinkles. It
increases the volume of
the face, and hence
makes the fine line
disappear in a natural
way.

53. Neck Wrinkles: TreatmentNeck Wrinkles: Treatment
 Laser treatments -
tighten the sagging skin.
 It stimulates the
production of collagen,
which in turn resurface
the skin and erase fine
lines and reduce
wrinkles.
 Chemical peel - which
uses application of acid
to the skin so as to
remove skin blemishes
or wrinkles.
 It superficially burns the
skin. However, burns are
mild in most of the
cases
 Chemical peel - which
uses application of acid
to the skin so as to
remove skin blemishes
or wrinkles.
 It superficially burns the
skin. However, burns are
mild in most of the
cases

54. Neck Wrinkles: TreatmentNeck Wrinkles: Treatment
 Dermabrasion is a
surgical procedure -
controlled wearing
away of the upper
layers of the skin
with mechanical
means.
(sandpaper.)
 Ablative laser -
removal of the
uppermost layer
(epidermis) with the
help of laser.
(enhances the
appearance of the
skin.)

55. 4.Sagging Neck4.Sagging Neck

56. Sagging Neck TreatmentSagging Neck Treatment
 Neck lift cosmetic surgery is performed for
improved looks. of the neck.
 Risk of swelling, surgical scar and nerve injury.

57. Skin Care for Sagging SkinSkin Care for Sagging Skin
 Skin care product that can stimulate the production of collagen
and elastin, and protect it from the harmful free radicals.
 Skin care products that contain vitamin A , E and coenzyme Q10
 Products contain copper peptides and bio active form of
keratin, known as cynergy TK can help to accelerate the
production of collagen.
 Exfoliating agents - hydroxy acids can help to exfoliate the dead
skin cells, and promote the generation of new cells.
 Anti-wrinkle or anti-aging creams is 'phytessence wakame’ -
stimulate the production of hyalunoric acid - maintains the
elasticity of the skin

58. 5. Forehead Wrinkles5. Forehead Wrinkles
Forehead wrinkles are a part and
parcel of the aging process.
It forms furrows in the eyebrows!

59. Forehead Wrinkles TreatmentForehead Wrinkles Treatment

Botox and Comsetic
Surgery
Botox aids in removing forehead wrinkles
by paralyzing the muscles causing
wrinkles.
cosmetic surgery - forehead or a brow lift.
-stimulate and set the facial tissues and
mend the tissues which are sagging.
cosmetic surgery - forehead or a brow lift.
-stimulate and set the facial tissues and
mend the tissues which are sagging.

60. Home Remedies Fore HeadHome Remedies Fore Head
WrinklesWrinkles
Applying olive oil to the skin just like you
use your moisturizer will effectively tackle
wrinkles.
Take some vegetable oil and rub it on your forehead
wrinkles. Let it stay for around 15 minutes.
Doing this daily.
Apply a mixture of lemon and milk cream on your forehead
after washing your face with lukewarm water.
Until it is totally dry and absorbed well in the skin, let it be.
Wash your forehead after about half an hour.

61. Home Remedies Fore HeadHome Remedies Fore Head
WrinklesWrinkles
 Half a glass of carrot
juice every day keeps
wrinkles away! Yes, drink
half a glass of carrot
juice for around 2
weeks everyday.
 Apply lemon juice on
your forehead wrinkles
or lemon peels.
 Your wrinkles will
disappear and skin
becomes youthful.

62. 6. Chest Wrinkles6. Chest Wrinkles

63. Chest Wrinkles - PreventionChest Wrinkles - Prevention
 A diet rich in vitamin A, C, D and antioxidants is
particularly helpful in fighting wrinkles.
 Staying away from alcohol and smoking helps you in
many ways.
 Similarly, minimizing direct exposure to sun also lowers
your chances of developing chest wrinkles.
 Use breast pillows – sleeping to one side - to prevent
the risk of chest wrinkles in future.
 Applying anti wrinkle cream on chest, at night.
 Regular exercise can also benefit your body in
numerous ways.

64. 7. Sagging Jowls7. Sagging Jowls

65. Sagging Jowls -causesSagging Jowls -causes
 1.Aging
Advancing age is responsible .
Muscles generally start losing their elasticity in the mid 30's (regular
exercises – prevents. )
Prominent in the early 50's.
 2.Genetics
At an early age; possibly -the cause is genetic. - hereditary factor.
(exercises prevents sagging jowls )

66. 3.Being Overweight
More the weight, more are the chances of the skin tissues spreading or
sagging out. ( exercises prevents - a sagging neck and jawline.
4.Exposure to the Sun
Heavy exposure to the sun can lead to skin damage.
Skin tissues might start drooping at a relatively early age.
( Use a sunblock and wear a scarf or hat to prevent from from the sun's
heat; this will help in reducing sagging jowls.

67.  5.Smoking
 There are chances of getting sagging jowls if you smoke a lot.
Smoking can lessen the flow of blood containing vit.A &
nutrients towards the skin.

68. Treatment for Sagging JowlsTreatment for Sagging Jowls
Sunblock or antioxidant creams.
Peel offs or scrubs can also help postpone
aging.
Sleep for 7-8 hours everyday and drink a lot of
water.
Sagging jowls surgery.

69. Hairstyles for Sagging JowlsHairstyles for Sagging Jowls

Cleverly styling your hair can help you hide the sagging skin.
 Opt for a hairstyle that will keep your forehead instead of the
jaw.
 Going for fringes that can curl up on your forehead is also a
good idea.
 A side-swept, blunt or straight fringe or any other hairstyle with
bangs that suits you face structure can hide the sagging jowls
to some extent.
 Also, fringes can conceal the rumpled look of your forehead.
 Choose a short haircuts wherein your hair hangs will fall near
the chin area.
 Long hair, tie it up in such a way that it enhances hair volume
near the forehead area, giving you a younger look, while also
hiding the sagging skin.

70. HOW TO COPE UP WITH AGING
1. Nurture your curosities
2. Engage in new and loved activities
3. Travel where ever possible
4. Expand your education
5. Participate in community activities
6. Connect with new people or socialize
7. Maintain yourself regularly –doctor
8. Eat healthy, regural meals.
9. Perform Cardio and strength exercises or Yoga
10.Read and Writing
11.Always try to learn more and something new

71. Maintain a food Diary
Your diet is increasingly important as you get older. As
you age, you are increasingly at risk for health issues such
as high blood pressure and diabetes. Watching your diet
can help lower those risks. When you're trying to eat right,
it is helpful to keep a record of what you are eating
Keeping a food diary can help you identify
areas where you need to make changes.
This can help you visually see where you
need to add more nutrients

72. Eat whole foods
As you age, your metabolism slows down.
Eat the right foods so that you don't gain weight.
Try to eat a balanced diet
Avoid processed foods (lot of preservatives.)
Eat plenty of fruits and leafy greens.(essential nutrients and also aid
in healthy digestion.)
Low-fat or fat-free dairy products.
Limit sugar, sodium, red meat, and alcohol

73. Always Stay hydrated.
. Drinking plenty of water is very
important for your heart health, as it
helps your heart effectively pump the
blood through your body
Make sure you are drinking liquids
throughout the day, like water, soup,
milk, and juice.

74. Eat healthy, regular meals.
Getting healthy and regular meals is vital
to maintaining your health after 50.
Nutrient rich whole foods such as fruits,
vegetables, and lean proteins can give you
the energy to embrace life while minimizing
the risk of disease.
You should get between 1,600 and 2,800
calories a day depending on your gender
and how active you are .

75. Intake of Healthy Diet
There are certain foods for skin
elasticity restoration and
improvement that can be
included in your diet . These
contain essential minerals and
vitamins like vitamin E and C.
Strawberries
Blackberries
Corn
Egg yolk
Artichoke hearts
Broccoli
Flaxseed (Omega fatty 3 acids)
Water
Dark green leafy vegetables
There are certain foods for skin
elasticity restoration and. These
contain essential minerals and
vitamins like vitamin E and C.
Strawberries
Blackberries
Corn
Egg yolk
Broccoli
Flaxseed (Omega fatty 3 acids)
Water
Dark green leafy vegetables

77. CALORIE REQUIREMENT FOR EACH GENDER &
AGE GROUP AT 3 LEVELS OF LEVELS OF
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

80. EXERCISES FOR KEEPING FIT

84. Embrace old age with a positive
attitude it shall always make you
Feel young.
"Age is an issue of mind over matter.
If you don't mind, it doesn't matter.”
(Mark Twain)

85. THANK YOU