Africa lecture #4
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The document summarizes European colonization of South Africa in the 19th century. It describes how the Dutch first colonized the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 and established the Dutch East India Company. They were later displaced by British settlers who wanted to exploit South Africa's resources. This led to tensions between the Dutch Boers and British that erupted into two Boer Wars in the late 1800s, with the British emerging victorious both times. The document outlines the key events, groups, and leaders involved in this colonial period in South Africa, including the Great Trek of Boers northward and conflicts with the Zulu.
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Africa lecture #2
This document outlines the agenda and key topics for a lecture on West African trading empires between 790-1600 CE. It discusses the rise and fall of several major empires, including Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and Benin, and how the trans-Saharan gold-salt trade led to the growth of cities and spread of Islam. It also examines how increased demand for slaves in the 1500s due to European colonization of the Americas led to the devastation of the African slave trade.
Latin America Lect #6
The document summarizes the origins and growth of the Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas. It discusses how slavery already existed in Africa and was non-hereditary. The slave trade expanded dramatically between the 1500s-1800s to supply labor for plantations in the Americas, with over 9.5 million slaves transported under brutal conditions. The triangular trade routes involved slaves transported from Africa to the Americas and goods transported from the Americas back to Europe and Africa. The slave trade was officially abolished in 1807 although slavery continued in practice for decades more.
American & European Imperialism
The document discusses key events and individuals related to European colonialism and imperialism between the 18th-20th centuries. It mentions Rudyard Kipling's "White Man's Burden" which characterized Europeans conquering other regions. It also discusses the British East India Company led by Robert Clive who conquered parts of India and Sri Lanka. It briefly outlines the Sepoy rebellion in India as well as the last Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah II being sent into exile. Other topics covered include the Indian National Congress, Afrikaners in South Africa, the Boer War, Muhammad Ali's rule over Egypt, the Suez Canal, Roosevelt Corollary, Panama Canal, and the Spanish-American War.
The_scramble_for_africa
The document summarizes the colonization of Africa by European powers between the 15th-early 20th centuries. It describes how Portugal, France, Britain, and other countries gradually established colonies along the coast in the 1400s-1700s by founding trading ports. In the late 1800s, the Scramble for Africa began as European nations rapidly divided up the interior of the continent at the Berlin Conference in 1885 due to growing imperialism and rivalry over Africa's resources. By 1900, Europe had colonized almost all of Africa, radically reshaping the political boundaries and causing lasting negative impacts through exploitation and ethnic division, though some new infrastructure was also established.
French imperialism - Craig, Breanna
France was very active in West Africa in the late 19th century, with some politicians wanting to expand French control over the interior of Africa for commercial gain. During the Scramble for Africa from 1881-1914, France gained control over Algeria and other parts of West Africa, with imperialists hoping to boost the French economy following its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War and depression in the 1870s. However, the Scramble disrupted African cultures and societies as European influence brought changes to technologies, religions, and forms of government.
Africa lecture #3
European colonization of Africa was driven by three main factors in the 19th century:
1) The Industrial Revolution increased demand for raw materials in Europe which led powers to pursue imperialism and acquire colonies in Africa rich with resources.
2) Mercantilism, an economic theory popular from the 16th-18th century, encouraged European nations to dominate Africa for raw materials and use it as a marketplace to gain economic and political control.
3) Pseudosciences like Social Darwinism and theories like "The White Man's Burden" were used to justify European domination by portraying Africans as inferior races that needed to be civilized.
Trans atlantic slave trade + blackbirding
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Africa and the Atlantic slave trade. It discusses how slavery existed in Africa prior to European contact and involved war captives who had no rights. The slave trade expanded dramatically when Europeans arrived and demanded slaves for plantations in the Americas. Millions of Africans were captured and shipped across the Atlantic in horrific conditions, with about half going to the Caribbean and one third to Brazil. Though met with resistance, slavery became entrenched and profitable until the late 18th century, when abolitionists like Equiano, Wilberforce, and Wesley pushed for its end.
Understanding the Transatlantic Slave Trade
The transatlantic slave trade had complex origins from both Europe and Africa's role in the demand and supply of slaves. Portugal first imported African slaves in the 15th century for labor needs. This grew into a triangular trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Enslaved Africans endured horrific conditions during the Middle Passage voyage where overcrowding and disease were rampant. The slave trade was eventually abolished in the early 19th century due to growing abolition movements, slave rebellions like Haiti, and laws banning the slave trade. However, the legacy of the slave trade continues to impact societies through issues like racism and unequal development.
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Africa lecture #2
This document outlines the agenda and key topics for a lecture on West African trading empires between 790-1600 CE. It discusses the rise and fall of several major empires, including Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and Benin, and how the trans-Saharan gold-salt trade led to the growth of cities and spread of Islam. It also examines how increased demand for slaves in the 1500s due to European colonization of the Americas led to the devastation of the African slave trade.
Latin America Lect #6
The document summarizes the origins and growth of the Atlantic slave trade between Africa and the Americas. It discusses how slavery already existed in Africa and was non-hereditary. The slave trade expanded dramatically between the 1500s-1800s to supply labor for plantations in the Americas, with over 9.5 million slaves transported under brutal conditions. The triangular trade routes involved slaves transported from Africa to the Americas and goods transported from the Americas back to Europe and Africa. The slave trade was officially abolished in 1807 although slavery continued in practice for decades more.
American & European Imperialism
The document discusses key events and individuals related to European colonialism and imperialism between the 18th-20th centuries. It mentions Rudyard Kipling's "White Man's Burden" which characterized Europeans conquering other regions. It also discusses the British East India Company led by Robert Clive who conquered parts of India and Sri Lanka. It briefly outlines the Sepoy rebellion in India as well as the last Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah II being sent into exile. Other topics covered include the Indian National Congress, Afrikaners in South Africa, the Boer War, Muhammad Ali's rule over Egypt, the Suez Canal, Roosevelt Corollary, Panama Canal, and the Spanish-American War.
The_scramble_for_africa
The document summarizes the colonization of Africa by European powers between the 15th-early 20th centuries. It describes how Portugal, France, Britain, and other countries gradually established colonies along the coast in the 1400s-1700s by founding trading ports. In the late 1800s, the Scramble for Africa began as European nations rapidly divided up the interior of the continent at the Berlin Conference in 1885 due to growing imperialism and rivalry over Africa's resources. By 1900, Europe had colonized almost all of Africa, radically reshaping the political boundaries and causing lasting negative impacts through exploitation and ethnic division, though some new infrastructure was also established.
French imperialism - Craig, Breanna
France was very active in West Africa in the late 19th century, with some politicians wanting to expand French control over the interior of Africa for commercial gain. During the Scramble for Africa from 1881-1914, France gained control over Algeria and other parts of West Africa, with imperialists hoping to boost the French economy following its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War and depression in the 1870s. However, the Scramble disrupted African cultures and societies as European influence brought changes to technologies, religions, and forms of government.
Africa lecture #3
European colonization of Africa was driven by three main factors in the 19th century:
1) The Industrial Revolution increased demand for raw materials in Europe which led powers to pursue imperialism and acquire colonies in Africa rich with resources.
2) Mercantilism, an economic theory popular from the 16th-18th century, encouraged European nations to dominate Africa for raw materials and use it as a marketplace to gain economic and political control.
3) Pseudosciences like Social Darwinism and theories like "The White Man's Burden" were used to justify European domination by portraying Africans as inferior races that needed to be civilized.
Trans atlantic slave trade + blackbirding
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Africa and the Atlantic slave trade. It discusses how slavery existed in Africa prior to European contact and involved war captives who had no rights. The slave trade expanded dramatically when Europeans arrived and demanded slaves for plantations in the Americas. Millions of Africans were captured and shipped across the Atlantic in horrific conditions, with about half going to the Caribbean and one third to Brazil. Though met with resistance, slavery became entrenched and profitable until the late 18th century, when abolitionists like Equiano, Wilberforce, and Wesley pushed for its end.
Understanding the Transatlantic Slave Trade
The transatlantic slave trade had complex origins from both Europe and Africa's role in the demand and supply of slaves. Portugal first imported African slaves in the 15th century for labor needs. This grew into a triangular trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Enslaved Africans endured horrific conditions during the Middle Passage voyage where overcrowding and disease were rampant. The slave trade was eventually abolished in the early 19th century due to growing abolition movements, slave rebellions like Haiti, and laws banning the slave trade. However, the legacy of the slave trade continues to impact societies through issues like racism and unequal development.
Slavery
The two documents summarize the political, economic, and social impacts of the slave trade on three West African kingdoms - Benin, Kongo, and Asante - from the 15th to 19th centuries. Initially, the slave trade increased the power of rulers by providing guns and wealth, but over time it led to civil wars, corruption, and the decline and fall of the kingdoms as European influence grew and the slave trade disrupted traditional power structures.
Atlantic slave trade
The document discusses the origins and impacts of the Atlantic slave trade. It began with African kingdoms practicing slavery for centuries before Europeans greatly increased demand. Slaves were transported in horrific conditions on ships to the Americas to work plantations growing cash crops like sugar. An estimated 11 million Africans were enslaved, with millions dying during the Middle Passage. The slave trade profoundly disrupted African societies and economies while fueling plantation economies in the Americas through centuries of slave labor.
Slave trade, afst
The document discusses the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade which began in the 17th century. Plantations in the Americas and Caribbean demanded labor, and Africans were forcibly taken to these colonies as slaves. It is estimated that millions of Africans were transported this way by the 18th century, with the numbers doubling from the 17th century. While slavery had existed in Africa, the slave trade with Europeans industrialized and vastly increased the scale. Africans were often captured from other tribes or cultural groups and sold on the coast to European traders. The transport of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic became known as the Middle Passage. The slave trade profoundly impacted societies and economies in both Africa and the Americas.
Atlantic Slave Trade - effects on africa
The slave trade had numerous negative impacts on Africa that still affect the continent today. It significantly reduced Africa's population by taking millions of young, strong workers, leaving fewer people to farm and support themselves. This caused problems like poverty and worse health as resources became scarcer. However, some African kings did benefit financially from capturing and selling other Africans as slaves.
2 trans atlantic slave trade + blackbirding 2014
The document provides information about slavery and human trafficking through history and today. It begins with having students discuss what slavery and human trafficking mean to them. It then covers definitions and statistics on modern human trafficking. The majority of the document discusses the history of slavery, including its origins in Africa, the transatlantic slave trade, conditions slaves faced, and abolition efforts. It notes that 27 million people are currently enslaved globally. In the conclusion, it encourages students to research ways to raise awareness about modern slavery and human trafficking.
Transatlantic slave trade
The document discusses the origins and impacts of the transatlantic slave trade. It began in the late 15th century as European powers colonized the Americas and established sugar plantations there. They imported enslaved Africans to work on these plantations, resulting in 10-15 million Africans being taken as slaves until the 1860s. The slave trade generated huge profits that helped make Britain a wealthy industrial power. After Britain abolished slavery in 1833, it paid compensation to slave owners that totaled over £17 billion in today's money, benefiting wealthy elites and impacting British society. The document examines how this history of slavery and its profits are still impacting communities today.
Transatlantic slave trade
The document summarizes the triangular trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas that was central to the Atlantic slave trade. The Henrietta Marie, a slave ship from London, is used to illustrate a typical slave trading voyage. It would carry manufactured goods to Africa to trade for enslaved Africans, transporting them in horrific conditions to the Caribbean on the Middle Passage. There, the slaves were sold and the ship loaded with sugar and other goods to bring back profits to Europe, completing the triangle. The slave trade resulted in the forced migration and deaths of millions of Africans for European economic gain.
15.4 slave trade
The document outlines the triangular trade route that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas from the 1500s onwards. It describes how goods were traded for slaves, who were then transported on the brutal Middle Passage to the Americas, where goods like sugar and cotton were traded back to Europe. The slave trade devastated African societies and economies while greatly benefiting industries and port cities in colonial powers like England. Millions of Africans lost their lives in the process.
Atlantic slave trade
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Africa and the Atlantic slave trade. It describes how slavery existed in Africa prior to European contact, with slaves typically being war captives with no rights. The slave trade expanded dramatically with the arrival of Europeans due to demand for slaves in the Americas. Slaves were captured through raids and wars, transported in inhumane conditions where many died, and then sold at auctions and used as labor on plantations. Over 12 million Africans were ultimately transported through this system, devastating Africa's population and economy.
Transatlantic slave trade
1) The transatlantic slave trade transported 10-20 million Africans to the Americas over 300 years, mostly to Brazil, the Caribbean, and Spanish colonies. Less than 5% went to North America.
2) Enslaved Africans were subjected to brutal conditions during capture, the Middle Passage voyage, and on plantations where they produced crops like cotton, sugar, and tobacco.
3) The slave trade had devastating impacts on Africa's population and development while fueling economic growth in Europe through plantation agriculture.
Slave trade
Slavery had a significant influence on the development of Latin America. Africans were transported across the Atlantic in the transatlantic slave trade, with over 12 million sent to the Americas between 1450-1850. They provided forced labor to work on sugar plantations in Brazil and other crops elsewhere in Latin America, fueling economic growth and making colonies like Brazil wealthy. The slave trade had cultural, economic, and demographic impacts, with Africans bringing aspects of their culture while slavery expanded diverse populations across the region.
African slave trade
As European demand for sugar and other crops from the Americas increased, they established vast plantations that required immense amounts of labor. They turned to Africa to meet this need, launching the transatlantic slave trade between the 15th-18th centuries where they forcibly transported over 12 million Africans to the Americas to work on these plantations under horrific conditions. The establishment of the plantations and slave trade had profound social and economic impacts throughout Africa, the Americas, and Europe for centuries.
Atlantic Slave Trade - why did slavery start
Slavery started because there was increasing demand for sugar but not enough workers to produce it. Africans were taken as slaves to grow sugar in the Americas as they were more resistant to European diseases than native tribes. This forced transportation of slaves from Africa to the Americas to support the sugar industry became known as the Triangular Trade due to the three stages of the journey: goods to Africa, slaves to Americas, produced goods from Americas to Europe.
Assess the impact of the atlantic slave trade on w. africa up to the 1800 [re...
The document summarizes the social, political, economic, and cultural impacts of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa. It discusses how the slave trade contributed to instability, conflicts between groups, the mixing of languages, and loss of cultural practices. Economically, it robbed Africa of human resources and strained the agricultural workforce. It led to a shift to a dependence on European goods and industrial economies. Overall, the slave trade negatively impacted Africa's development while helping to develop Western Europe.
Lesson 3 Conquest of Africa
1) Europeans initially traded with West African kingdoms like Ghana and Mali for gold and other resources. However, the relationship shifted to one of enslavement as Europeans began capturing and forcibly transporting Africans across the Atlantic (known as the Middle Passage).
2) The Atlantic slave trade lasted from the 1500s to the 1800s. After it ended, European powers still sought to control Africa for its land and resources, dividing the continent among themselves through colonization.
3) The slave trade had devastating impacts on Africa, including depopulation as its healthiest people were taken, the halting of social and economic progress, and lasting effects from the division and rule of European colonial powers.
Slave trade project
The triangular slave trade worked by British ships transporting goods from Europe to West Africa, where they acquired slaves. The ships then carried the enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas, where the slaves were sold. The ships then returned to Europe carrying goods like sugar and tobacco. Conditions on the slave ships were terrible, with millions of Africans dying before and during the grueling Middle Passage. Planters, merchants, ship owners, and those in related industries benefited most economically from the slave trade. Abolitionists like William Wilberforce and campaigns showing the horrors of the slave trade helped end the practice, with Britain officially abolishing the slave trade in 1807.
Slave trade triangular trade
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Latin America from ancient times through the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade. It describes how slavery existed in many ancient societies, the introduction of African slavery to support the growing plantation economies in Brazil and the Caribbean, and the development of the triangular trade route that transported enslaved Africans, goods from Europe, and raw materials between three continents for over 300 years.
African Colonization Timeline
European colonization of Africa began in the late 15th century and continued into the late 19th century. Key events included Portugal helping Ethiopia fight Arab invaders in 1542; Britain beginning the slave trade in Africa in 1562; Angola becoming a Portuguese colony in 1570; Holland and France becoming involved in the slave trade in the 17th century; and Britain, France, Portugal, and other European powers establishing colonies, trading posts, and influence over various African kingdoms and empires throughout this period. By the late 19th century, most of Africa was under formal European colonial control or influence.
The scramble for africa1
The document discusses the Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century as European imperial powers colonized the continent. Key events included David Livingstone and Henry Stanley's exploration of central Africa, King Leopold II of Belgium claiming the Congo Free State, and the Berlin Conference formalizing the process of European colonization. In southern Africa, the British fought wars against the Zulu kingdom and Boer settlers. Technological advantages and the ideology of social Darwinism helped Europeans dominate militarily and seize control of African territories.
Slave trade
African slavery had significant economic and cultural impacts on the development of the Americas. Economically, slavery made plantation agriculture like sugar cane and tobacco profitable by providing a large, forced labor supply. This led to wealth in colonies, especially Brazil which became a leading sugar producer. Culturally, the slave trade resulted in the diffusion of African traditions and languages to the Americas, increasing diversity. The triangular trade route connected Europe, West Africa, and the Americas financially and facilitated the inhumane export and forced labor of millions of Africans across the Atlantic.
Imperialism hansen2
This document summarizes the history of European imperialism from the 15th to early 20th centuries. It describes two periods of imperialism: the early period from 1500-1800 when Europeans established trading outposts and colonies in Asia, Africa and the Americas with limited control. The later period from 1870-1914 saw more aggressive imperial expansion by European powers, Japan, and the US into Asia and Africa. Motivations included economic, political and social factors like acquiring resources, establishing global empires, and spreading Christianity. Many regions of Asia and Africa were colonized during this era.
scramble for africa
The document summarizes the scramble for Africa by European powers in the late 19th century. It describes how explorers like Livingstone and Stanley sparked interest in Africa's interior. This led countries like Germany, Britain, France, Belgium, Italy and Portugal to carve up the continent at the Berlin Conference of 1885. By World War 1, with the exceptions of Ethiopia and Liberia, Europe had colonized the entirety of Africa and its peoples.
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Slavery
The two documents summarize the political, economic, and social impacts of the slave trade on three West African kingdoms - Benin, Kongo, and Asante - from the 15th to 19th centuries. Initially, the slave trade increased the power of rulers by providing guns and wealth, but over time it led to civil wars, corruption, and the decline and fall of the kingdoms as European influence grew and the slave trade disrupted traditional power structures.
Atlantic slave trade
The document discusses the origins and impacts of the Atlantic slave trade. It began with African kingdoms practicing slavery for centuries before Europeans greatly increased demand. Slaves were transported in horrific conditions on ships to the Americas to work plantations growing cash crops like sugar. An estimated 11 million Africans were enslaved, with millions dying during the Middle Passage. The slave trade profoundly disrupted African societies and economies while fueling plantation economies in the Americas through centuries of slave labor.
Slave trade, afst
The document discusses the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade which began in the 17th century. Plantations in the Americas and Caribbean demanded labor, and Africans were forcibly taken to these colonies as slaves. It is estimated that millions of Africans were transported this way by the 18th century, with the numbers doubling from the 17th century. While slavery had existed in Africa, the slave trade with Europeans industrialized and vastly increased the scale. Africans were often captured from other tribes or cultural groups and sold on the coast to European traders. The transport of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic became known as the Middle Passage. The slave trade profoundly impacted societies and economies in both Africa and the Americas.
Atlantic Slave Trade - effects on africa
The slave trade had numerous negative impacts on Africa that still affect the continent today. It significantly reduced Africa's population by taking millions of young, strong workers, leaving fewer people to farm and support themselves. This caused problems like poverty and worse health as resources became scarcer. However, some African kings did benefit financially from capturing and selling other Africans as slaves.
2 trans atlantic slave trade + blackbirding 2014
The document provides information about slavery and human trafficking through history and today. It begins with having students discuss what slavery and human trafficking mean to them. It then covers definitions and statistics on modern human trafficking. The majority of the document discusses the history of slavery, including its origins in Africa, the transatlantic slave trade, conditions slaves faced, and abolition efforts. It notes that 27 million people are currently enslaved globally. In the conclusion, it encourages students to research ways to raise awareness about modern slavery and human trafficking.
Transatlantic slave trade
The document discusses the origins and impacts of the transatlantic slave trade. It began in the late 15th century as European powers colonized the Americas and established sugar plantations there. They imported enslaved Africans to work on these plantations, resulting in 10-15 million Africans being taken as slaves until the 1860s. The slave trade generated huge profits that helped make Britain a wealthy industrial power. After Britain abolished slavery in 1833, it paid compensation to slave owners that totaled over £17 billion in today's money, benefiting wealthy elites and impacting British society. The document examines how this history of slavery and its profits are still impacting communities today.
Transatlantic slave trade
The document summarizes the triangular trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas that was central to the Atlantic slave trade. The Henrietta Marie, a slave ship from London, is used to illustrate a typical slave trading voyage. It would carry manufactured goods to Africa to trade for enslaved Africans, transporting them in horrific conditions to the Caribbean on the Middle Passage. There, the slaves were sold and the ship loaded with sugar and other goods to bring back profits to Europe, completing the triangle. The slave trade resulted in the forced migration and deaths of millions of Africans for European economic gain.
15.4 slave trade
The document outlines the triangular trade route that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas from the 1500s onwards. It describes how goods were traded for slaves, who were then transported on the brutal Middle Passage to the Americas, where goods like sugar and cotton were traded back to Europe. The slave trade devastated African societies and economies while greatly benefiting industries and port cities in colonial powers like England. Millions of Africans lost their lives in the process.
Atlantic slave trade
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Africa and the Atlantic slave trade. It describes how slavery existed in Africa prior to European contact, with slaves typically being war captives with no rights. The slave trade expanded dramatically with the arrival of Europeans due to demand for slaves in the Americas. Slaves were captured through raids and wars, transported in inhumane conditions where many died, and then sold at auctions and used as labor on plantations. Over 12 million Africans were ultimately transported through this system, devastating Africa's population and economy.
Transatlantic slave trade
1) The transatlantic slave trade transported 10-20 million Africans to the Americas over 300 years, mostly to Brazil, the Caribbean, and Spanish colonies. Less than 5% went to North America.
2) Enslaved Africans were subjected to brutal conditions during capture, the Middle Passage voyage, and on plantations where they produced crops like cotton, sugar, and tobacco.
3) The slave trade had devastating impacts on Africa's population and development while fueling economic growth in Europe through plantation agriculture.
Slave trade
Slavery had a significant influence on the development of Latin America. Africans were transported across the Atlantic in the transatlantic slave trade, with over 12 million sent to the Americas between 1450-1850. They provided forced labor to work on sugar plantations in Brazil and other crops elsewhere in Latin America, fueling economic growth and making colonies like Brazil wealthy. The slave trade had cultural, economic, and demographic impacts, with Africans bringing aspects of their culture while slavery expanded diverse populations across the region.
African slave trade
As European demand for sugar and other crops from the Americas increased, they established vast plantations that required immense amounts of labor. They turned to Africa to meet this need, launching the transatlantic slave trade between the 15th-18th centuries where they forcibly transported over 12 million Africans to the Americas to work on these plantations under horrific conditions. The establishment of the plantations and slave trade had profound social and economic impacts throughout Africa, the Americas, and Europe for centuries.
Atlantic Slave Trade - why did slavery start
Slavery started because there was increasing demand for sugar but not enough workers to produce it. Africans were taken as slaves to grow sugar in the Americas as they were more resistant to European diseases than native tribes. This forced transportation of slaves from Africa to the Americas to support the sugar industry became known as the Triangular Trade due to the three stages of the journey: goods to Africa, slaves to Americas, produced goods from Americas to Europe.
Assess the impact of the atlantic slave trade on w. africa up to the 1800 [re...
The document summarizes the social, political, economic, and cultural impacts of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa. It discusses how the slave trade contributed to instability, conflicts between groups, the mixing of languages, and loss of cultural practices. Economically, it robbed Africa of human resources and strained the agricultural workforce. It led to a shift to a dependence on European goods and industrial economies. Overall, the slave trade negatively impacted Africa's development while helping to develop Western Europe.
Lesson 3 Conquest of Africa
1) Europeans initially traded with West African kingdoms like Ghana and Mali for gold and other resources. However, the relationship shifted to one of enslavement as Europeans began capturing and forcibly transporting Africans across the Atlantic (known as the Middle Passage).
2) The Atlantic slave trade lasted from the 1500s to the 1800s. After it ended, European powers still sought to control Africa for its land and resources, dividing the continent among themselves through colonization.
3) The slave trade had devastating impacts on Africa, including depopulation as its healthiest people were taken, the halting of social and economic progress, and lasting effects from the division and rule of European colonial powers.
Slave trade project
The triangular slave trade worked by British ships transporting goods from Europe to West Africa, where they acquired slaves. The ships then carried the enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas, where the slaves were sold. The ships then returned to Europe carrying goods like sugar and tobacco. Conditions on the slave ships were terrible, with millions of Africans dying before and during the grueling Middle Passage. Planters, merchants, ship owners, and those in related industries benefited most economically from the slave trade. Abolitionists like William Wilberforce and campaigns showing the horrors of the slave trade helped end the practice, with Britain officially abolishing the slave trade in 1807.
Slave trade triangular trade
The document summarizes the history of slavery in Latin America from ancient times through the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade. It describes how slavery existed in many ancient societies, the introduction of African slavery to support the growing plantation economies in Brazil and the Caribbean, and the development of the triangular trade route that transported enslaved Africans, goods from Europe, and raw materials between three continents for over 300 years.
African Colonization Timeline
European colonization of Africa began in the late 15th century and continued into the late 19th century. Key events included Portugal helping Ethiopia fight Arab invaders in 1542; Britain beginning the slave trade in Africa in 1562; Angola becoming a Portuguese colony in 1570; Holland and France becoming involved in the slave trade in the 17th century; and Britain, France, Portugal, and other European powers establishing colonies, trading posts, and influence over various African kingdoms and empires throughout this period. By the late 19th century, most of Africa was under formal European colonial control or influence.
The scramble for africa1
The document discusses the Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century as European imperial powers colonized the continent. Key events included David Livingstone and Henry Stanley's exploration of central Africa, King Leopold II of Belgium claiming the Congo Free State, and the Berlin Conference formalizing the process of European colonization. In southern Africa, the British fought wars against the Zulu kingdom and Boer settlers. Technological advantages and the ideology of social Darwinism helped Europeans dominate militarily and seize control of African territories.
Slave trade
African slavery had significant economic and cultural impacts on the development of the Americas. Economically, slavery made plantation agriculture like sugar cane and tobacco profitable by providing a large, forced labor supply. This led to wealth in colonies, especially Brazil which became a leading sugar producer. Culturally, the slave trade resulted in the diffusion of African traditions and languages to the Americas, increasing diversity. The triangular trade route connected Europe, West Africa, and the Americas financially and facilitated the inhumane export and forced labor of millions of Africans across the Atlantic.
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Assess the impact of the atlantic slave trade on w. africa up to the 1800 [re...
Assess the impact of the atlantic slave trade on w. africa up to the 1800 [re...
Similar to Africa lecture #4
Imperialism hansen2
This document summarizes the history of European imperialism from the 15th to early 20th centuries. It describes two periods of imperialism: the early period from 1500-1800 when Europeans established trading outposts and colonies in Asia, Africa and the Americas with limited control. The later period from 1870-1914 saw more aggressive imperial expansion by European powers, Japan, and the US into Asia and Africa. Motivations included economic, political and social factors like acquiring resources, establishing global empires, and spreading Christianity. Many regions of Asia and Africa were colonized during this era.
scramble for africa
The document summarizes the scramble for Africa by European powers in the late 19th century. It describes how explorers like Livingstone and Stanley sparked interest in Africa's interior. This led countries like Germany, Britain, France, Belgium, Italy and Portugal to carve up the continent at the Berlin Conference of 1885. By World War 1, with the exceptions of Ethiopia and Liberia, Europe had colonized the entirety of Africa and its peoples.
The boer war and diamonds
The document summarizes the history of diamond discovery and mining in South Africa. It describes how diamonds were discovered in 1867, sparking massive immigration from Britain and economic growth. Tensions arose between British settlers and Boers over mining rights, culminating in the Boer Wars from 1899-1902. The largest diamond ever found, the Cullinan diamond, was unearthed in South Africa in 1905 and later cut into pieces that became part of the British crown jewels.
Scramble for Africa
In the late 19th century, European nations engaged in the "Scramble for Africa", competing to colonize the continent. Explorers like Livingstone and Stanley generated interest in Africa. Figures like Rhodes and Leopold helped facilitate the European occupation and division of African lands. By 1914, most of Africa was under European control, with Britain and France possessing the most territory. Only Ethiopia and Liberia remained independent African nations at this time.
Scramble1
The document summarizes the colonization of Africa by European powers in the late 19th century, known as the "Scramble for Africa". It describes the major European colonizers like Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, and Portugal and the territories each controlled. It also discusses key figures involved in the colonization and exploration of Africa like Livingstone, Stanley, Rhodes, and Leopold II. By World War I in 1914, with the exceptions of Ethiopia and Liberia, nearly all of Africa had been colonized by European nations seeking to control its territory and resources.
Slaveryupdated new
The document provides information about the political, economic, and social systems of three West African kingdoms - Asante, Benin, and Congo - prior to and during the slave trade. It notes that Asante had an absolute monarch called the Asantehene and centralized power. Benin also had an absolute monarch called the Uzama and independent city-states. Congo was led by an absolute monarch called the ManiKongo who claimed divine right. All three kingdoms engaged in the slave trade to varying degrees in exchange for guns and other goods, which increased their power but ultimately contributed to their decline as the slave trade ended in the 1800s.
South africa colonisation
The document summarizes the colonization of South Africa by Dutch and British colonists between the 17th and 20th centuries. The Dutch established the first European settlement in Cape Town in 1652 and brought slaves from Asia as laborers. Britain took control of Cape Town in 1795 and formally annexed the Cape Colony in 1806. In the 1830s, Boers migrated northward to establish their own republics to escape British rule. Tensions between the British and Boers led to the Anglo-Boer Wars in the late 19th century, resulting in the republics being annexed by Britain. Formal apartheid policies were implemented in the 20th century that legally enforced racial segregation and discrimination against non-white populations
Imperialism
Imperialism allowed European powers to conquer foreign lands and control their resources for economic, political, and cultural reasons. Advances in technology like steamships, railroads, canals, weaponry, and communication gave Europeans military and logistical advantages over other regions. Between the late 1800s-early 1900s, Europeans colonized most of Asia, Africa, Oceania, and parts of North and South America. The consequences of imperialism included fostering economic dependence, large-scale migration, conflicts with indigenous groups, the rise of scientific racism, and challenges to colonial rule.
Lecture 3 new imperialism 2013
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Diamonds Gold & War2
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Africa in the Age of Imperialism ppt.pptx
European powers divided up control of Africa in the late 19th century to avoid wars over territory. They established systems of direct rule over their colonies, replacing African leaders with European officials and institutions. This allowed the colonial powers to profit economically from exploiting African land and labor, through practices like taxation and forced labor. Their attitudes of cultural superiority also justified imposing European control and reshaping African societies.
Tst 3 B
The British took control of the Cape colony from the Dutch East India Company in order to prevent the French from gaining power in the region during the wars between Britain and France. Although briefly returned to Dutch rule, the Cape became a permanent British colony in 1806. With British control came changes like integrating the Cape into the global British Empire and its economy. British policies and military victories over local groups also extended British political influence across South Africa.
Imperialism notes
1. Imperialism refers to the policy of extending control over other countries or territories economically, politically, and socially.
2. Nations industrialized due to incentives like wealth, power, nationalism, and spreading culture. They required factors of production like land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship as well as political stability and transportation networks to trade.
3. European imperial powers colonized Africa in the late 19th century to gain access to resources and markets. They established systems of direct, indirect, and sphere of influence control over African peoples and territories.
New France
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THIS SLIDE LOOKS AT HOW THE BRITISH CAME INTO POWER BY TAKING OVER AND CONTROLLING THE CAPE FORCING THE BOER TO MOVE TO OTHER AREAS. THE SLIDE ALSO LOOKS INTO HOW THE BOERS OBTAINED THE NAME THE GREAT TREKKERS
Colonialism in Africa
Colonialism in Africa occurred when European powers subjugated African nations between 1870 and 1914. Motives for colonialism included economic factors like accessing raw materials and markets, political prestige, and ideological beliefs in European superiority. Colonialism had both negative and positive impacts. Positively, it increased Africa's participation in global trade and led to infrastructure development. However, it also involved exploitation of resources and peoples. The document examines colonialism in different African nations like South Africa, where the British seized control and implemented apartheid policies that discriminated against the black majority.
Height of imperialism
1) Between 1800-1900, most of Asia and Africa was colonized by Western European powers through both direct and indirect rule. Colonial powers exploited local peoples and resources to benefit their home economies.
2) Resistance to colonial rule emerged from local elites and nationalists who sought independence. Figures like Gandhi advocated non-violent resistance in India.
3) In Latin America, the decline of Spanish and Portuguese authority after the Napoleonic Wars led to wars of independence. Caudillos or strongmen vied for power in the new nations as the U.S. sought to increase its influence through the Monroe Doctrine and military intervention.
Lesson three - Imperialism in East, West, and South Africa
1) European imperialism in sub-Saharan Africa began with France and Britain fighting for control of West Africa in the late 19th century.
2) King Leopold II of Belgium carved out a personal colony in Central Africa, while East Africa was divided between European colonial powers.
3) European settlement of South Africa began in the 17th century, with the Dutch establishing the Cape Colony and later the Boers establishing independent republics. Cecil Rhodes consolidated control of South African diamond and mineral wealth under British rule in the late 19th century.
Belgian Congo and British in South Africa
The document summarizes European colonization of Africa in the late 19th century through two case studies:
1) The Berlin Conference divided up African land among European powers without considering existing borders or populations. This led to conflicts over resources and land.
2) King Leopold II of Belgium took control of the Congo Basin through deceitful treaties and appointed a private company to exploit rubber and ivory resources. The company was brutally abusive to local people, chopping off limbs for quotas. International outcry grew over these human rights abuses.
South Africa after the Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 was organized by Otto von Bismarck to avoid European conflicts over colonial claims in Africa. Fourteen European nations attended and divided Africa among themselves, with France, Germany, Britain, and Portugal controlling most territories. In Southern Africa after the Conference, Britain controlled Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, while Portugal controlled Angola, Mozambique, and Namibia, and Germany controlled Namibia. This led to the Boer War between British forces and the independent Boer republics of the Orange Free State and Transvaal from 1899-1902, resulting in their absorption into the British Empire.
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Lesson three - Imperialism in East, West, and South Africa
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Africa lecture #4
- 1. Lecture #4 European Colonization of Africa pt. 2 theWhat Reminders: Weds/Thurs - Retakes for the map quiz (below 80% only) Fri - Reading Packet and Questions Due Friday Fri - Quiz on reading packet 15-20 Questions
- 2. European Colonization of S.Africa What is taking place in this picture? Colonialism-the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people. Dutch and British settlers hoped to exploit South Africa’s resources to increase the wealth of Britain.
- 3. Early Dutch Colonization • In 1652, the Dutch colonized the country of South Africa and established the Cape of Good Hope. • It was here that the Dutch set up the Dutch East India Trade Company. Decades later, the British settled in South Africa in order to claim its riches
- 4. British and Dutch compete over S.Africa •In South Africa, tensions rose between the native South Africans, Dutch settlers known as Boers and the British. •The British military was stronger than the Dutch and they are forced to leave the Cape Colony Dutch = Boers
- 5. •After being forced out of Cape Colony, the Dutch Boers pushed inland, into territory that was traditionally held by the Zulu tribes. •The Great Trek - the Dutch Boers movement from Cape Colony North into the Transvaal. •1838 - the Dutch and Zulu fight the first of many conflicts. Dutch kill over 3,000 Zulu, which turned the Ncome river red with blood. The Great Trek 1836-1838
- 6. Zulu • After the battle, the Dutch establish the Orange Free State and Transvaal territories. • The Zulu tribal leader Shaka Zulu would lead several more attacks against the Dutch but could not push the Dutch out of the Transvaal. • The ongoing conflicts would later influence the Afrikaner government and its policies. Shaka Zulu 1785 - 1828 Conflict
- 7. Cecil Rhodes • Started De Beers diamond company which owned/sold up to 90% of the world’s diamonds in the early 1900s. • Founded the country of Rhodesia which was later split into Zambia and Zimbabwe • Used his position as Prime Minister in South Africa to encourage the First Boer War in 1880. • His vision was a transcontinental railroad from Capetown to Cairo which would demonstrate British dominance of the African continent
- 8. First Anglo-Boer War 1880-1881 • Also called “Transvaal War” • Dutch (Boers) vs. British • Short conflict which the Boers won and re-established the independent republic of Transvaal. • The discovery of gold + diamonds in Transvaal had attracted British interest. British also desired Cape Colony to monitor and control trade to India
- 9. 2nd Boer War 1899-1902 • Won by the British • the Boer republics including Transvaal and Orange Free State were transferred to British control • War had high casualties due to modern weapons • British will eventually set up the Union of South Africa (1910) • Self-governing but run and controlled by the British • the Boer Wars are considered one of the first modern “total” wars Dutch Boers vs. British = BritishVictory vs.
- 10. Lasting Horror of the War • Dutch Boers often used guerilla warfare tactics to combat the British and hide their numbers. • In reaction, the British used concentration camps to detain all Dutch S.Africans • 26, 000 Boers died in these camps under British control • Many wereWomen and Children
- 11. “The Colossus of Rhodes” An image of British Domination of the African Continent