This document discusses various types of computer crimes and risks. It describes computer crimes as any illegal acts committed using computers, noting that most are insider jobs and often go unreported. It also outlines different forms of online fraud, identity theft, malware like viruses and worms, and spyware. The effects of these threats are described as proliferation through networks, modification or deletion of files and settings, denial of service attacks, unwanted advertising and changes to browsers. It concludes with recommendations for reducing risks like restricting physical and logical access, fortifying systems with firewalls and encryption, and maintaining clean facilities with anti-virus software and auditing.

1. ADM 316 Computers and Information Processing Workshop 5

2. Devotion / Prayer

3. Chapter 10 Computer Security and Risks

4. A computer is a tool.

5. Computer Crime Computer crime is any crime accomplished through knowledge or use of computer technology. Most computer crimes are committed by company insiders and are typically covered up or not reported to authorities to avoid embarrassment.

6. Computer Crime

7. Computers are used to steal: Money Goods Information Computer resources

8. Online Fraud The use of deception to get individuals to reveal sensitive information (social engineering) Online auctions Sweepstakes / bank scams Phishing / spoofing

9. Protecting Yourself from Identity Theft Make all your online purchases using a separate credit card with a low credit limit for your online transactions. Make sure a secure, encrypted Web site is managing your transaction. Don’t disclose personal information over the phone. Shred sensitive information.

10. Malware Virus: spreads by making copies of itself from program to program or disk to disk, requires user intervention to spread Trojan horse: performs a useful task while also being secretly destructive (Michaelangelo) Worm: program that travels independently over computer networks, seeking uninfected sites (ILOVEYOU, Anna, Blaster, Sobig.F, MyDoom)

11. Effects of Malware Proliferation through address lists Modification or removal of startup files Modification or removal of data or application files Generation of denial-of-service attacks

12. Spyware Collects information from computer users (such as keystrokes, screenshots, history) without their knowledge or consent Other names: adware, crapware, spybots Sometimes from legitimate sources (Microsoft reporting, software updates, manufacturer sales pitches)

13. Effects of Spyware Unwanted advertising Unwanted toolbars Unwanted pop-ups Unwanted browser changes (home page, favorites) Unwanted interruptions Unwanted redirections Drains CPU usage / performance

14. Effects of Malware

15. Reducing Risks Restrict physical access (keys, biometrics, special facilities) Restrict logical access (passwords, CAPTCHA, user accounts) Fortify the architecture (firewalls, encryption, UPS) Maintain “clean” facilities (anti-virus software, auditing)