This document discusses acute cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder. It can be divided into acute calculous cholecystitis, caused by cystic duct obstruction from a stone, or acalculous cholecystitis, which is infected but not caused by a stone. The document describes diagnostic criteria for acute cholecystitis including right upper quadrant pain, leukocytosis, fever, and ultrasound findings such as thickened gallbladder walls. Treatment options are also laid out including antibiotics for mild cases and cholecystectomy for severe cases.

1. Acute
Cholecystitis

2. What is acute cholecystitis?

3. Inflammation of the
gallbladder

4. How can you divide acute
cholecystitis? (4)

5. 1. Acute calculous cholecystitis- occurs in the
setting of cystic duct obstruction d/t stone
2. Acalculous cholecystitis- infected gallbladder

6. Name the parts of gallbladder
(3)

8. Name the structures (5)

9. Name the structures (5)

10. Name the arterial supply and
veinous drainage of
gallbladder (2)

11. Celiac trunk
Common
hepatic
artery
Right
hepatic
artery
Cystic artery
Cystic veins Portal vein
Arterial supply
Venous drainage

12. Triad of acute cholecystitis (3)

13. RUQ pain
LeukocytosisFever

14. What sign to look for in acute
cholecystitis?

16. What is Mirizzi syndrome?

18. Diagnostic criteria for acute
cholecystitis (3)

20. US finding of acute
cholecystitis (5)

21. 1. Thickening of the gallbladder wall(≥4 mm)
2. Enlargement of the gallbladder (long axis ≥8
cm, short axis ≥4 cm)
3. Gallstones or retained debris
4. Pericholecystic fluid
5. Linear shadows in the fatty tissue around the
gallbladder

23. What investigation to proceed
when abdominal US does not
provide a definitive diagnosis?
(1)

24. Magnetic resonance
cholangiopancreatography
(MRCP)

25. What is the function of
grading acute cholecystitis?

26. Predicting vital prognosis

27. How to grade acute
cholecystitis?

28. How to grade acute
cholecystitis?

29. Best investigation to
diagnose;
-Gangrenous cholecystitis
-Emphysematous cholecystitis

30. -Gangrenous cholecystitis: Contrast-enhanced
CT/MRI
-Emphysematous cholecystitis: CT scan

31. Grade 1 AC treatment

33. Grade 2 AC treatment

35. Grade 3 AC treatment

37. Type of gallbladder drainage
in AC? (3)

38. 1. Percutaneous transhepatic
gallbladder drainage
2. Endoscopic gallbladder
drainage
3. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided
gallbladder drainage