The document discusses the significance of an activity series, which lists elements in order of their tendency to undergo chemical reactions like single displacement. It can be used to predict whether reactions will occur and what the products will be. Examples are given to illustrate using an activity series to predict reactions and write balanced equations for those that occur.

1. Activity Series of Elements Section 8-3

2. Section Objectives Explain the significance of an activity series. Use the activity series to predict whether a given reaction will occur and what the products will be.

3. The ability of an element to react is referred to as the element’s activity. The more readily an element reacts with other substances, the greater its activity. An activity series is a list of elements organized according to the ease with which the elements undergo certain chemical reactions. The order in which the elements are listed is usually determined by single-replacement reactons.

4. Activity series are based on experiment.

5. Check Your Understanding Using the activity series in Table 8-3, predict whether each of the possible reactions, listed below will occur. for reactions that will occur, write the products and balance the equation. MgCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) I 2 (s) + KF(g) Al(s) + H 2 O (g) Cd(s) + O 2 (g)

6. Answers MgCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) No Al(s) + H 2 O(g) Yes; 2Al(s) + 3H 2 O(g) Al 2 O 3 + 3H 2 (g) Cd(s) + O 2 (g) Yes; 2Cd(s) + O 2 (g) 2CdO(s) I 2 (s) + KF(g) No

7. Check Your Understanding Identify the halide ion that will not replace any other halogen in a compound. Identify the halide ion that will not be replaced by any of the other halogens.

8. Answers Identify the halogen that will not replace any other halogen in a compound. I 2 Identify the halide ion that will not be replaced by any of the other halogens. F 2