Abortion
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This document provides information about abortion. It defines abortion as ending a pregnancy before 22 weeks so that it does not result in birth. Between 10-15% of pregnancies end in spontaneous abortion, while another 10-60% are terminated through induced abortion. The document discusses causes of abortion, signs and symptoms of different abortion types, treatments and the role of midwives. It aims to help learners understand what abortion is, its causes, signs and treatments.
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Abortion
The document discusses abortion and provides information against it. It notes that the fetal heartbeat begins between 18-25 days and the brain begins to function at 40 days. It also states that the accepted minimum for a baby's survival outside the womb is 20 weeks. The document then describes different abortion procedures like manual vacuum aspiration, electric vacuum aspiration, dilation and evacuation, and others. It concludes by stating abortion is one of the most controversial issues and ends the life of a human being that can feel and think.
Abortion
This document discusses the history and current state of abortion laws and access in the United States. It provides an overview of abortion techniques and risks at different gestational periods. The document also outlines post-abortion care instructions and some of the challenges faced by abortion providers due to harassment and violence.
Abortion
The termination of a pregnancy, followed by the death of the embryo or fetus: as
A- spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus during the first 12 weeks of gestation, “ miscarriage”.
B- induced expulsion of a human fetus
C- expulsion of a fetus by a domestic animal often due to infection at any time before completion of pregnancy, “contagious abortion”.
Maternal serum screening
This document discusses maternal serum screening, which analyzes various biomarkers in a pregnant woman's blood to assess risk for fetal abnormalities. It began in the 1970s with alpha-fetoprotein screening for neural tube defects. Additional markers like human chorionic gonadotropin and unconjugated estriol were later added, improving detection rates for Down syndrome. Today's standard screening incorporates these "triple markers" along with inhibin A in a "quad screen". Newer tests analyze markers in the first trimester like pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and nuchal translucency ultrasound to provide very early screening. Positive screens may warrant diagnostic testing via amniocentesis or ultrasound.
Tubal Ligation
Tubal ligation is a surgical form of permanent birth control where a woman's fallopian tubes are blocked, tied, or cut to prevent fertilization. It costs between $1,000-$3,000, must be done by a doctor, and has a high effectiveness rate of 100% though it can be difficult to reverse and requires healing time after surgery.
HELLP Syndrome (Case Protocol)
The document discusses Hellp Syndrome, which is a rare complication of preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. It provides details on the classification, etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management of both Hellp Syndrome and preeclampsia. Laboratory and imaging tests used to diagnose the conditions are also outlined.
Famiily planning
Family planning involves methods for controlling when to have children, including birth control and family planning services. Natural family planning relies on abstinence during fertile periods tracked by basal body temperature, cervical mucus, or calendars. Artificial methods prevent sperm from entering the uterus using barriers like condoms and diaphragms or killing sperm with spermicides. Long-acting reversible contraceptives include IUDs, implants, injections like Depo-Provera, and birth control pills. Sterilization through vasectomy or tubal ligation are permanent options. Withdrawal involves removing the penis before ejaculation.
abortion
This document provides an overview of abortion in the Philippines, including:
1) Definitions of abortion and perspectives on its morality from conservative, liberal, and moderate views.
2) Historical practices of abortion in ancient Greece and its illegality in the Philippines according to the constitution and penal code.
3) Traditional folk methods of inducing abortion like using herbs or physical pressure, as well as modern medical methods.
4) Potential physical and psychological effects of abortion on women's health.
Recommended
Abortion
The document discusses abortion and provides information against it. It notes that the fetal heartbeat begins between 18-25 days and the brain begins to function at 40 days. It also states that the accepted minimum for a baby's survival outside the womb is 20 weeks. The document then describes different abortion procedures like manual vacuum aspiration, electric vacuum aspiration, dilation and evacuation, and others. It concludes by stating abortion is one of the most controversial issues and ends the life of a human being that can feel and think.
Abortion
This document discusses the history and current state of abortion laws and access in the United States. It provides an overview of abortion techniques and risks at different gestational periods. The document also outlines post-abortion care instructions and some of the challenges faced by abortion providers due to harassment and violence.
Abortion
The termination of a pregnancy, followed by the death of the embryo or fetus: as
A- spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus during the first 12 weeks of gestation, “ miscarriage”.
B- induced expulsion of a human fetus
C- expulsion of a fetus by a domestic animal often due to infection at any time before completion of pregnancy, “contagious abortion”.
Maternal serum screening
This document discusses maternal serum screening, which analyzes various biomarkers in a pregnant woman's blood to assess risk for fetal abnormalities. It began in the 1970s with alpha-fetoprotein screening for neural tube defects. Additional markers like human chorionic gonadotropin and unconjugated estriol were later added, improving detection rates for Down syndrome. Today's standard screening incorporates these "triple markers" along with inhibin A in a "quad screen". Newer tests analyze markers in the first trimester like pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and nuchal translucency ultrasound to provide very early screening. Positive screens may warrant diagnostic testing via amniocentesis or ultrasound.
Tubal Ligation
Tubal ligation is a surgical form of permanent birth control where a woman's fallopian tubes are blocked, tied, or cut to prevent fertilization. It costs between $1,000-$3,000, must be done by a doctor, and has a high effectiveness rate of 100% though it can be difficult to reverse and requires healing time after surgery.
HELLP Syndrome (Case Protocol)
The document discusses Hellp Syndrome, which is a rare complication of preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. It provides details on the classification, etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management of both Hellp Syndrome and preeclampsia. Laboratory and imaging tests used to diagnose the conditions are also outlined.
Famiily planning
Family planning involves methods for controlling when to have children, including birth control and family planning services. Natural family planning relies on abstinence during fertile periods tracked by basal body temperature, cervical mucus, or calendars. Artificial methods prevent sperm from entering the uterus using barriers like condoms and diaphragms or killing sperm with spermicides. Long-acting reversible contraceptives include IUDs, implants, injections like Depo-Provera, and birth control pills. Sterilization through vasectomy or tubal ligation are permanent options. Withdrawal involves removing the penis before ejaculation.
abortion
This document provides an overview of abortion in the Philippines, including:
1) Definitions of abortion and perspectives on its morality from conservative, liberal, and moderate views.
2) Historical practices of abortion in ancient Greece and its illegality in the Philippines according to the constitution and penal code.
3) Traditional folk methods of inducing abortion like using herbs or physical pressure, as well as modern medical methods.
4) Potential physical and psychological effects of abortion on women's health.
Criminal abortion
Criminal abortion is commonly practiced in India as access to legal abortion and society fear are still great barrier. Approach of the physician and government should favorable.
Causes of Infertility in Women - diagnosis and treatment
Infertility in women can happen due to various reasons. One of the top factors affecting female fertility is age. As the age of the female increases, her fertility decreases. Apart from age, there are other problems that might lead to infertility.
Review “Abortion ” from “William Obstetrics ”
Review “Abortion ” from “William Obstetrics ”
Viriya Lekprasert
Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology , Vichaiyut Hospital , Bangkok , Thailand
" Every pregnant women should know the fact !!. "
Family Planning
The document discusses various methods of family planning, including natural and artificial methods. Natural family planning relies on abstinence from sex during the most fertile times in a woman's cycle, which can be determined through basal body temperature tracking, cervical mucus monitoring, or calendar-based cycle tracking. Artificial methods prevent pregnancy through contraceptives like birth control pills, IUDs, condoms, diaphragms, spermicides, sterilization procedures (vasectomy for men or tubal ligation for women), or hormonal injections. Withdrawal is also mentioned as a method where the man removes his penis from the vagina before ejaculation.
Assisted vaginal births, RCOG
This document provides recommendations to reduce the need for assisted vaginal birth and optimize outcomes when it is required. It recommends encouraging continuous support during labor, upright positions in the second stage of labor without epidural analgesia, and lateral positions with epidural analgesia. It also recommends delayed pushing, use of classification systems, consideration of risks and benefits, and ensuring ongoing care of the woman and family after birth.
Artificial methods of birth control
Artificial contraception, also known as birth control, refers to medications or devices that are used to prevent pregnancy. Birth control methods have been used since ancient times but safe and effective methods only became widely available in the 20th century. There are different types of artificial contraception including hormonal methods, barrier methods, intrauterine devices, and behavioral methods. Hormonal birth control works by inhibiting ovulation and fertilization while barrier methods prevent sperm from entering the uterus. [/SUMMARY]
Antenatal Workshop on Caesarean Vs Normal Delivery
This document provides information from Dr. Nupur Gupta about modes of delivery and childbirth options. It discusses the differences between normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section, including pros and cons of each. It also outlines signs of labor, stages of labor, pain relief options, potential complications, fetal outcomes, and vaginal birth after caesarean. The take home message is that while vaginal delivery is usually safe, sometimes a c-section is beneficial for the mother and baby's health, and the ultimate goal is a safe delivery for both.
Contraceptions
This document discusses various methods of contraception, including hormonal methods like oral contraceptives, barrier methods, intrauterine devices, and surgical methods like tubal ligation and vasectomy. It provides details on the mechanisms of action, effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages of different contraceptive options to help health care providers choose appropriate contraception based on individual clinical situations.
Causes and effects of abortion
The document discusses many reasons why women may choose to have abortions, including social, economic, health, and relationship factors. It notes that abortions can increase due to issues like rape, incest, unintended pregnancies, lack of education, poverty, drug/alcohol use during pregnancy, mental health problems, or lack of family/partner support. However, it also discusses potential negative health effects of abortion like death, depression, breast cancer risk, ect. Overall, the document provides a wide range of context around factors that influence a woman's decision to have an abortion as well as possible health risks.
Intra Uterine Insemination
IUI is a fertility treatment where sperm is placed directly in the uterus in order to facilitate fertilization and pregnancy. It is a simple, minimally invasive procedure that is often the first treatment for infertility. Factors like the woman's age, the cause of infertility, and the stimulation protocol used can affect the success rate, which typically ranges from 5-30%. The process involves ovarian stimulation, monitoring follicle development, sperm preparation using techniques like density gradient centrifugation, and then precisely timing insemination around ovulation to increase the chances of conception.
Birth Control
This document discusses various methods of birth control. It emphasizes that birth control allows people to control their fertility and choose how they live their lives. Barrier methods like condoms prevent pregnancy physically, while hormonal methods use hormones to prevent ovulation. Long-acting reversible contraceptives like implants are also described. The document stresses that the most effective method depends on individual circumstances and preferences, and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Manual vaccum Aspiration
The document provides guidance on performing manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for abortion, including preparing the client, administering pain management, performing the procedure, monitoring the client's recovery, providing contraceptive counseling, and following up after the procedure. Instructions are given on using appropriate instruments, maintaining aseptic technique, managing complications, and educating the client on what to expect during the recovery process.
Contraception preject presentation
This document discusses various methods of contraception, including behavioral, hormonal, and barrier methods. Behavioral methods involve predicting fertility through temperature and calendar tracking, as well as withdrawal and abstinence. Hormonal methods such as pills, patches, rings, shots, implants, and IUDs work by using hormones to prevent pregnancy. Barrier methods like male and female condoms and spermicides form a physical barrier to block sperm from entering the uterus. The document provides details on how each method works and its effectiveness.
Contraception
National Family Planning methods - different types of methods temporary as well as permanent used to prevent pregnancy #Barrier methods #Oral pills #Mirena #Cu T #Female sterilization methods #Tubal Ligation #NSV
Birth Control
Prepared for my teaching internship with the Women's Health Issues course of Kent State University in the Fall of 2015.
Contraception power point presentation
This PowerPoint presentation provides information about contraception for high school students ages 15-19. It defines contraception as devices, drugs, or practices used to prevent pregnancy and notes there are various options for both males and females. The presentation discusses the importance of educating teens about contraception to reduce rates of teen pregnancy and STDs. It then describes several popular contraceptive methods like birth control pills, patches, injections, IUDs, condoms, and abstinence. The presentation aims to inform teens while dispelling common myths and directing them to resources.
Fertility and natural family planning
We live a life of grace in a fallen world and couples live within this environment – Challenges are inevitable: Fertility and its control and delays in achieving conception.
Barrier methods of contraceptive
Barrier methods of contraception work by preventing the passage of sperm into the female genital tract. The main barrier methods discussed are male condoms, diaphragms, and spermicides. Male condoms are the most widely used barrier method and are made of fine latex sheaths. Diaphragms are intravaginal devices made of latex with a flexible ring that must be fitted properly and used with spermicide. Spermicides contain chemicals that immobilize or kill sperm and can be used as gels, creams, foams or suppositories.
Infertility
Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite trying for one year. About 10% of couples are affected by infertility, which can be caused by issues with ovulation, the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, or the male partner's sperm. Testing involves evaluating both partners through medical history, physical exams, ovulation detection tests, and procedures to check the fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervical factors. Depending on the test results, treatments may include fertility drugs, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies like intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, and others.
Vasectomy
A vasectomy is a permanent birth control method for men where the vas deferens tubes are blocked, cut, or sealed to prevent sperm from mixing with semen ejaculated from the penis, having a theoretical effectiveness of 99.85%. The procedure, which can cost $400-$1200 and be covered by insurance, is done in a local clinic and involves clamping, cutting, or sealing the vas deferens from each testicle to prevent sperm from being ejaculated while allowing for sexual spontaneity without daily attention or affecting pleasure, though it provides no protection against STDs and may not be reversible.
post partum hemorrhage.pptx
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. PPH is defined as blood loss greater than 500 mL following vaginal delivery or 1000 mL following cesarean delivery. The main causes of PPH are uterine atony, trauma, retained placenta, and coagulopathies. Risk factors include advanced maternal age, multiparity, obesity, and previous history of PPH. Management involves resuscitation, administration of uterotonics like oxytocin and methylergomin, uterine massage, uterine tamponade, compression sutures, and hysterectomy if bleeding cannot be controlled. Prevention strategies include active management of the third stage of labor and identification of high-
Medical Management of Ectopic Pregnancy
Ectopic pregnancy refers to the pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity, predominantly i.e. 90% of them in the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy affects 11 in 1000 pregnancies and is a significant cause of morbidity and at times mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. In a 20-year longitudinal study on ectopic pregnancy in a defined
population of women aged 15e39 years the rate of ectopic pregnancy per 1000 diagnosed conceptions increased
from 5.8 during 1960e4 to 11.1 during 1975e9. The mean annual incidence of ectopic pregnancy per 1000 women
increased from 0.6 to 1.2 during the same period. The numbers of ectopic pregnancies per 1000 diagnosed
conceptions increased with increasing age of the women and were 4.1 in the teenage group, 6.9 in women aged
20e29 years, and 12.9 in women aged 30e39.
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Infertility in women can happen due to various reasons. One of the top factors affecting female fertility is age. As the age of the female increases, her fertility decreases. Apart from age, there are other problems that might lead to infertility.
Review “Abortion ” from “William Obstetrics ”
Review “Abortion ” from “William Obstetrics ”
Viriya Lekprasert
Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology , Vichaiyut Hospital , Bangkok , Thailand
" Every pregnant women should know the fact !!. "
Family Planning
The document discusses various methods of family planning, including natural and artificial methods. Natural family planning relies on abstinence from sex during the most fertile times in a woman's cycle, which can be determined through basal body temperature tracking, cervical mucus monitoring, or calendar-based cycle tracking. Artificial methods prevent pregnancy through contraceptives like birth control pills, IUDs, condoms, diaphragms, spermicides, sterilization procedures (vasectomy for men or tubal ligation for women), or hormonal injections. Withdrawal is also mentioned as a method where the man removes his penis from the vagina before ejaculation.
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This document provides recommendations to reduce the need for assisted vaginal birth and optimize outcomes when it is required. It recommends encouraging continuous support during labor, upright positions in the second stage of labor without epidural analgesia, and lateral positions with epidural analgesia. It also recommends delayed pushing, use of classification systems, consideration of risks and benefits, and ensuring ongoing care of the woman and family after birth.
Artificial methods of birth control
Artificial contraception, also known as birth control, refers to medications or devices that are used to prevent pregnancy. Birth control methods have been used since ancient times but safe and effective methods only became widely available in the 20th century. There are different types of artificial contraception including hormonal methods, barrier methods, intrauterine devices, and behavioral methods. Hormonal birth control works by inhibiting ovulation and fertilization while barrier methods prevent sperm from entering the uterus. [/SUMMARY]
Antenatal Workshop on Caesarean Vs Normal Delivery
This document provides information from Dr. Nupur Gupta about modes of delivery and childbirth options. It discusses the differences between normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section, including pros and cons of each. It also outlines signs of labor, stages of labor, pain relief options, potential complications, fetal outcomes, and vaginal birth after caesarean. The take home message is that while vaginal delivery is usually safe, sometimes a c-section is beneficial for the mother and baby's health, and the ultimate goal is a safe delivery for both.
Contraceptions
This document discusses various methods of contraception, including hormonal methods like oral contraceptives, barrier methods, intrauterine devices, and surgical methods like tubal ligation and vasectomy. It provides details on the mechanisms of action, effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages of different contraceptive options to help health care providers choose appropriate contraception based on individual clinical situations.
Causes and effects of abortion
The document discusses many reasons why women may choose to have abortions, including social, economic, health, and relationship factors. It notes that abortions can increase due to issues like rape, incest, unintended pregnancies, lack of education, poverty, drug/alcohol use during pregnancy, mental health problems, or lack of family/partner support. However, it also discusses potential negative health effects of abortion like death, depression, breast cancer risk, ect. Overall, the document provides a wide range of context around factors that influence a woman's decision to have an abortion as well as possible health risks.
Intra Uterine Insemination
IUI is a fertility treatment where sperm is placed directly in the uterus in order to facilitate fertilization and pregnancy. It is a simple, minimally invasive procedure that is often the first treatment for infertility. Factors like the woman's age, the cause of infertility, and the stimulation protocol used can affect the success rate, which typically ranges from 5-30%. The process involves ovarian stimulation, monitoring follicle development, sperm preparation using techniques like density gradient centrifugation, and then precisely timing insemination around ovulation to increase the chances of conception.
Birth Control
This document discusses various methods of birth control. It emphasizes that birth control allows people to control their fertility and choose how they live their lives. Barrier methods like condoms prevent pregnancy physically, while hormonal methods use hormones to prevent ovulation. Long-acting reversible contraceptives like implants are also described. The document stresses that the most effective method depends on individual circumstances and preferences, and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Manual vaccum Aspiration
The document provides guidance on performing manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for abortion, including preparing the client, administering pain management, performing the procedure, monitoring the client's recovery, providing contraceptive counseling, and following up after the procedure. Instructions are given on using appropriate instruments, maintaining aseptic technique, managing complications, and educating the client on what to expect during the recovery process.
Contraception preject presentation
This document discusses various methods of contraception, including behavioral, hormonal, and barrier methods. Behavioral methods involve predicting fertility through temperature and calendar tracking, as well as withdrawal and abstinence. Hormonal methods such as pills, patches, rings, shots, implants, and IUDs work by using hormones to prevent pregnancy. Barrier methods like male and female condoms and spermicides form a physical barrier to block sperm from entering the uterus. The document provides details on how each method works and its effectiveness.
Contraception
National Family Planning methods - different types of methods temporary as well as permanent used to prevent pregnancy #Barrier methods #Oral pills #Mirena #Cu T #Female sterilization methods #Tubal Ligation #NSV
Birth Control
Prepared for my teaching internship with the Women's Health Issues course of Kent State University in the Fall of 2015.
Contraception power point presentation
This PowerPoint presentation provides information about contraception for high school students ages 15-19. It defines contraception as devices, drugs, or practices used to prevent pregnancy and notes there are various options for both males and females. The presentation discusses the importance of educating teens about contraception to reduce rates of teen pregnancy and STDs. It then describes several popular contraceptive methods like birth control pills, patches, injections, IUDs, condoms, and abstinence. The presentation aims to inform teens while dispelling common myths and directing them to resources.
Fertility and natural family planning
We live a life of grace in a fallen world and couples live within this environment – Challenges are inevitable: Fertility and its control and delays in achieving conception.
Barrier methods of contraceptive
Barrier methods of contraception work by preventing the passage of sperm into the female genital tract. The main barrier methods discussed are male condoms, diaphragms, and spermicides. Male condoms are the most widely used barrier method and are made of fine latex sheaths. Diaphragms are intravaginal devices made of latex with a flexible ring that must be fitted properly and used with spermicide. Spermicides contain chemicals that immobilize or kill sperm and can be used as gels, creams, foams or suppositories.
Infertility
Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite trying for one year. About 10% of couples are affected by infertility, which can be caused by issues with ovulation, the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, or the male partner's sperm. Testing involves evaluating both partners through medical history, physical exams, ovulation detection tests, and procedures to check the fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervical factors. Depending on the test results, treatments may include fertility drugs, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies like intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, and others.
Vasectomy
A vasectomy is a permanent birth control method for men where the vas deferens tubes are blocked, cut, or sealed to prevent sperm from mixing with semen ejaculated from the penis, having a theoretical effectiveness of 99.85%. The procedure, which can cost $400-$1200 and be covered by insurance, is done in a local clinic and involves clamping, cutting, or sealing the vas deferens from each testicle to prevent sperm from being ejaculated while allowing for sexual spontaneity without daily attention or affecting pleasure, though it provides no protection against STDs and may not be reversible.
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Ectopic pregnancy refers to the pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity, predominantly i.e. 90% of them in the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy affects 11 in 1000 pregnancies and is a significant cause of morbidity and at times mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. In a 20-year longitudinal study on ectopic pregnancy in a defined
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conceptions increased with increasing age of the women and were 4.1 in the teenage group, 6.9 in women aged
20e29 years, and 12.9 in women aged 30e39.
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PPH maternity.Renad Manasrah.pptxhhhhhhhhhjjh
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Elizabeth GonzalezDr. Alain Llanes RojasAdvanced Primary.docx
Elizabeth Gonzalez
Dr. Alain Llanes Rojas
Advanced Primary Family
Reproductive Health across
the lifespan
1
Labor and Birth Processes
A woman and the fetus during the late pregnancy prepares for labor process. During this period the fetus is ready for extra uterine life. There are several physiologic adaptations that a woman undergoes which prepares her for birth and motherhood. The end of pregnancy is represented by the labor and birth process which ushers in a extra uterine life for the newborn and a change for the family.
.
2
Birth Process
Giving Birth In United States
Model of birth
Medical model
Midwifery
Site of birth
Home
Birth center
Hospital
Stages of Labor
First stage: latent, active, transition
Dilatation
Second stage
Pushing and birth
Third stage
Delivery of placenta
First Stage DILATATION
The first stage of labor is divided into three phases: latent, active, and transition.
The first, the latent phase, is the longest and least intense. During this phase, contractions become more frequent, helping your cervix to dilate so your baby can pass through the birth canal
Active phase
You may feel intense pain or pressure in your back or abdomen during each contraction.
Transition phase
During transition, the cervix fully dilates to 10 centimeters. Contractions are very strong, painful, and frequent, coming every three to four minutes and lasting from 60 to 90 seconds.
Second stage: PUSHING AND BIRTH
Begins when the cervix is completely opened. At this point, your doctor will give you the OK to push. Your pushing, along with the force of your contractions, will propel your baby through the birth canal. The fontanels (soft spots) on your baby's head allow it to fit through the narrow canal.
Your baby's head crowns when the widest part of it reaches the vaginal opening. As soon as your baby's head comes out, your doctor will suction amniotic fluid, blood, and mucus from his or her nose and mouth
Third stage: DELIVERY OF THE PLACENTA
After your baby is delivered, you enter the final stage of labor. In this stage, you deliver the placenta, the organ that nourished your baby inside the womb.
Each woman and each labor is different. The amount of time spent in each stage of delivery will vary. If this is your first pregnancy, labor and delivery usually lasts about 12 to 14 hours. The process is usually shorter for subsequent pregnancies.
Stages of Labor
Labor Process
True Vs False Labor
True labor
Discomfort in the abdomen and the back
The cervix dilates
Sedation cannot stop the discomfort
Contractions at regular intervals
Gradually intensity increase
False labor
Intensity always remains to be the same
No cervical dilatation
Sedation can relieve discomfort
Contractions at irregular intervals
Pain Management In Active Labor
Hydrotherapy
Backrubs
Analgesia
Birth ball
Waling/movement
Medications
Several drugs are used to help ease the pain of la.
Why to reduce cesarean section rate?
why to reduce the burden of cesarean section epidemic?. CS is overdone with no demonstrated benefits.
Matenal and fetal weebeing
The document provides information on various methods used to assess maternal and fetal wellbeing during pregnancy. The goals of antenatal assessment are to ensure fetal growth and detect any risks affecting the fetus. Methods discussed include maternal serum screening tests, amniocentesis, biophysical profile monitoring, ultrasonography, and Doppler studies. Together these non-invasive and minimally invasive tests can evaluate fetal growth, check for abnormalities, and detect any signs of fetal distress.
Ectop2
This document provides information on ectopic pregnancy, including:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes.
2. Risk factors include previous ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, IUD use, infertility treatments, and smoking.
3. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and shoulder tip pain. Diagnosis is usually made through ultrasound and beta-hCG levels.
4. Treatment options include expectant management, surgery (laparoscopy or laparotomy), and methotrexate injections. The approach depends on factors like embryo viability, size, and symptoms.
Fetal therapy
Hello everyone
This presentation will give a insight into the recent advances in fetal therapy. Hope it might help you
Thanking you
Dr Ankit gupta
MD Pediatrics
Kims karad
Ectopic pregnancy
This document provides information on ectopic pregnancy, including:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes.
2. Risk factors include STIs, IUD use, infertility history, smoking, and assisted reproduction.
3. Symptoms can include abdominal/pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, and in severe cases, hypovolemic shock from rupture. Diagnosis involves ultrasound and beta-hCG levels.
4. Treatment options are expectant management, surgery (laparoscopy or laparotomy), or medical management with methotrexate depending on factors like size and symptoms. The goal is to preserve
Abortion HE-230-OL
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Abortion
- 3. Contact: MR. FAROOQ KHAN, Address: Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education Market, Shop # 2, Umair Composing Center, University Road, Peshawar, Pakistan Cell#: +923219029706
- 5. INTRODUCTION: An abortion is the process of ending a pregnancy so that it does not result in the birth of a baby. It can be spontaneous or by induction before the 24th weeks of pregnancy. No. 1
- 6. Conti… Between 10 and 15% of all pregnancies terminates as spontaneous abortion, and further 10 to 60% are terminated by an induced (either legal or criminal abortion). No. 2
- 7. Conti… Around 13% of material deaths are due to abortion 95% of these occur in developing countries, nearly ½ of these in Asia (WHO) 11.12% of maternal death in Pakistan. These includes spontaneous and induced abortion. No. 3 (Chohan, 2005)
- 8. OBJECTIVES: At the end of this presentation the learner will be able to: Define abortion Explain the causes of abreaction Discuss the Sign & symptoms of abortion Explain the Treatment and role of midwife. No. 4
- 9. DEFINITION: Expulsion of the fetus from the uterus before 20-22 weeks of pregnancy. Medical dictionary, 2004) No. 5
- 10. There are two main types of abortion. ♣ Spontaneous abortion ♣ Induced abortion TYPES: (Bennett, 2003) No. 6
- 11. Further types of spontaneous & induced abortion ABORTION Spontaneous Induced Threatened Missed Blood mole Inevitable Incomplete Complete Criminal Septic No. 7
- 12. ♣ Drugs ♣ Smoking ♣ Nutrition deficiency ♣ Chromosomal abnormality ♣ Maternal age below 18 years above up to 40 years. CAUSES (Bennett, 2003) No. 8
- 13. SIGN & SYMPTOMS No. 9 Inevitable abortion Dilated cervix Uterus corresponds to date Tender uterus Lower Abdominal pain No expulsion of products of conception Septic abortion Abdominal tenders Tender, soft uterus. Foul smelling vaginal discharge bleeding May or may not give history of passing products of conception Lower abdominal pain
- 14. Conti… No. 10 Threatene d abortion Uterus softer then normal Closed cervix Lower abdominal pain Incomplet e abortion Dilated cervix Uterus smaller then date cramping/lower abdominal pain partial expulsion of products of conception
- 15. Conti… No. 11 Complete abortion Closed cervix Uterus softer then normal uterus smaller then dates Light lower abdominal pain Expulsion of products of conception Missed abortion Uterus smaller then dates Uterus softer then normal Closed cervix Littler or no cramping no expulsion of products of conception Shah, 2007
- 16. INVESTIGATION No. 12 Complete abortion HB% blood group R/h factor pelvic abdominal ultrasound Taxo brucela In complete abortion Hb% blood group R/h factor Abdominal ultrasound Threatened abortion Hb% blood group R/h factor Ultrasound
- 17. Conti… (Chohan, 2005) No. 13 Septic abortion Hb% blood group ultrasound Vaginal swab (H VS) Blood culture Missed abortion R/h factor Hb% blood group Habitual u/s Rlh factor Hb%
- 18. Missed Abortion: If the uterine size is less then 12 weeks its contents should be evaluated by using the vacuum sucker apparatus. If the uterine is larger then 12 weeks induction with the power full medication TREATMENT AND NURSING CARE No. 14
- 19. Threatened Abortion: If a women have bleeding, be it bright of dark blood. After five to seven days in bed. She should be carefully assessed, if the cervix is closed and pregnancy test if post return to a quite sedentary life. Hormone treatment is use all Conti… No. 15
- 20. Incomplete Abortion: Blood Arrangement Prepare for drugs Piece of placenta tissue stuck in the cervix is caused of shock. This should be removed carefully. Conti… No. 16
- 21. Habitual Abortion: The shirodkar stich Suturing the cervix from 38 weeks Septic Abortion: Take a vaginal swab fro blood culture sent after examination. Conti… No. 17 (Chohan, 2005)
- 22. An abortion is the process of ending a pregnancy so it does not result in the birth of a baby. It can be spontaneous or by induction before the 24th weeks of pregnancy. Between 10 and 15% of all pregnancies terminates as No. 18
- 23. spontaneous abortion, and a further 10- 60% are terminated by an induced (either legal or criminal) abortion. Abortion, occure due to maternal causes and fetal causes. No. 19
- 24. REFERENCES R.Ruth Bennett (2003) “Myles Textbook for Midwives” 3rd edition, London. Dr. Muhammad Arshad Chohan (2005) “Fundamentals of Obstetrics” 2nd edition UK. Shah. Y (2007), Abortion and essential, New born care” http://www.medicationdictionary,2004 http://www.Ebook.com http://www.google.com No. 20