Research related to the absorption of carbon dioxide is still open because there
are still many types of plants found in Central Kalimantan. Plant species that have
not been studied are mainly plant saplings that are easily found and widely known by
the people of Central Kalimantan. These types of plants include Rambutan Forest
(Nephelium ramboutan-ake). This study aims to (a) measure the ability of the CO2
uptake of Rambutan Forest seedlings (b) measure the fluctuations of seedlings' CO2
uptake during the measurement period of 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30
Indonesia Western Standard Time (WIB), (c) analyze biomass / dry weight and
organic carbon stored in Rambutan Forest planters. Rambutan seedlings. The forest
used in this study is 3-5 months old. Measurements of CO2 absorption using a
containment method measuring 50 cm x 50 cm x 30 cm and CO2 gas analysis using
Gas Cromatography. The time period for measuring CO2 uptake is carried out at
06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB with a time interval of 5, 10, 15, 20,
25 and 30 for 4 (four) weeks. Analysis of biomass / dry weight reserves, percent and
organic carbon content of each plant species using the gravimetric method. The
results showed that the average CO2 uptake of Rambutan Hutan seedlings was 0.165
mg / m2 / minute. The CO2 uptake of Rambutan Forest seedlings has fluctuated,
where the highest CO2 absorption rates occur at 12.00-12.30 WIB, followed at 06.00-
06.30 WIB and the lowest CO2 uptake occurs at 15.00-15.30 WIB. The average
biomass / dry weight of the saplings of Rambutan Hutan plants is 13.66 grams, the
average percent of organic carbon ranges from 55.50% and the organic carbon
content is 7.59 grams
ASSESSMENT OF SAPLINGS OF MANGOSTEEN (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L) IN ABSORBING CAR...IAEME Publication
Carbon dioxide is a gas needed by plants in its growth. Plants use CO2 for
photosynthesis in producing food ingredients. Research topics related to carbon
dioxide uptake are still open to study because there are still many potential types of
plants, especially in Central Kalimantan. Plants that have not been studied are mainly
plant saplings that are easily found and widely known by the people of Central
Kalimantan. The plant species is Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). The study
aims to (a) measure the ability of the mangosteen seedlings' CO2 uptake (b) measure
the fluctuations in seedlings of mangosteen plant CO2 uptake during the measurement
period of 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB, (c) analyze biomass / dry
weight reserves and organic carbon stored in mangosteen seedlings. The mangosteen
seedlings used in this study were 3-5 months old. Measurements of CO2 absorption
using a containment method measuring 50 cm x 50 cm x 30 cm and CO2 gas analysis
using Gas Cromatography. The time period for measuring CO2 uptake is carried out
at 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB with a time interval of 5, 10, 15,
20, 25 and 30 for 4 (four) weeks. Analysis of biomass / dry weight reserves, percent
and organic carbon content of saplings of mangosteen plants using the gravimetric
method. The results showed that the average CO2 absorption rate of the mangosteen
seedlings was 0.119 mg / m2 / minute. The CO2 absorption rate of saplings of
mangosteen plants fluctuated, where the highest CO2 uptake occurred at 12.00-12.30
WIB, followed by 15.00-15.30 WIB and the lowest CO2 uptake occurred at 06.00-
06.30 WIB. The average biomass / dry weight of saplings of Mangosteen plants is
9.24 grams, the average percent of organic carbon ranges from 55.65% and the
organic carbon content is 5.14 grams
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF NANOFLUIDS PREPARED FROM BIOBASED NANOMATERIALS DISPE...IAEME Publication
In the present study, experimental investigation on thermal conductivity of green
nanofluids prepared from coconut fibre-based nanoparticles and suspended in 60:40
ethylene glycol (EG) water (W) mixture was carried out. The measurement of thermal
conductivity was conducted at 15 °C to 60 °C at mass fractions of 0.04 wt%, 0.08
wt%, 0.5 wt% and 1 wt%. The results show deterioration in thermal conductivity with
an increasing temperature. Also the deterioration increased as the mass fraction
increased.
Electricity Generation from Biogas Produced in a Lab-Scale Anaerobic Digester...inventionjournals
The sludge produced during wastewater treatment should be stabilized in order to minimize the damage to the environment. This study includes the evaluation of sludge stabilization and biogas formation by anaerobic digestion in order to generate electricity using stirling motor.The study was carried out with the raw sludge form the thickener of the wastewatertreatment plant. The main aim of the study is to provide sludge stabilization resulting biogas production by reduction of organic matter and to generate electricity. Anaerobic digestion studies were carried out using a laboratory scale anaerobic reactor with a volume of 7L.Under themesophilic condition, the sludge age was maintained at 10 days during the first 20 days of operation, while the reactor was operated for 90 days until the end of the run, with a sludge age of 20 days.The results have changed in the range of 42-52% after the organic matter reduction obtained from the anaerobic digestion. Concentrations of 3735.7300 ppm, 5060.5768 ppm, and 6951.4013 ppm biogas were obtained. Biogas was turned on by mechanical energy with a Stirlingmotor and then turned to direct current and the lamps with 3V 20mA each were run for 60 minutes
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
ASSESSMENT OF SAPLINGS OF MANGOSTEEN (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L) IN ABSORBING CAR...IAEME Publication
Carbon dioxide is a gas needed by plants in its growth. Plants use CO2 for
photosynthesis in producing food ingredients. Research topics related to carbon
dioxide uptake are still open to study because there are still many potential types of
plants, especially in Central Kalimantan. Plants that have not been studied are mainly
plant saplings that are easily found and widely known by the people of Central
Kalimantan. The plant species is Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). The study
aims to (a) measure the ability of the mangosteen seedlings' CO2 uptake (b) measure
the fluctuations in seedlings of mangosteen plant CO2 uptake during the measurement
period of 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB, (c) analyze biomass / dry
weight reserves and organic carbon stored in mangosteen seedlings. The mangosteen
seedlings used in this study were 3-5 months old. Measurements of CO2 absorption
using a containment method measuring 50 cm x 50 cm x 30 cm and CO2 gas analysis
using Gas Cromatography. The time period for measuring CO2 uptake is carried out
at 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB with a time interval of 5, 10, 15,
20, 25 and 30 for 4 (four) weeks. Analysis of biomass / dry weight reserves, percent
and organic carbon content of saplings of mangosteen plants using the gravimetric
method. The results showed that the average CO2 absorption rate of the mangosteen
seedlings was 0.119 mg / m2 / minute. The CO2 absorption rate of saplings of
mangosteen plants fluctuated, where the highest CO2 uptake occurred at 12.00-12.30
WIB, followed by 15.00-15.30 WIB and the lowest CO2 uptake occurred at 06.00-
06.30 WIB. The average biomass / dry weight of saplings of Mangosteen plants is
9.24 grams, the average percent of organic carbon ranges from 55.65% and the
organic carbon content is 5.14 grams
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF NANOFLUIDS PREPARED FROM BIOBASED NANOMATERIALS DISPE...IAEME Publication
In the present study, experimental investigation on thermal conductivity of green
nanofluids prepared from coconut fibre-based nanoparticles and suspended in 60:40
ethylene glycol (EG) water (W) mixture was carried out. The measurement of thermal
conductivity was conducted at 15 °C to 60 °C at mass fractions of 0.04 wt%, 0.08
wt%, 0.5 wt% and 1 wt%. The results show deterioration in thermal conductivity with
an increasing temperature. Also the deterioration increased as the mass fraction
increased.
Electricity Generation from Biogas Produced in a Lab-Scale Anaerobic Digester...inventionjournals
The sludge produced during wastewater treatment should be stabilized in order to minimize the damage to the environment. This study includes the evaluation of sludge stabilization and biogas formation by anaerobic digestion in order to generate electricity using stirling motor.The study was carried out with the raw sludge form the thickener of the wastewatertreatment plant. The main aim of the study is to provide sludge stabilization resulting biogas production by reduction of organic matter and to generate electricity. Anaerobic digestion studies were carried out using a laboratory scale anaerobic reactor with a volume of 7L.Under themesophilic condition, the sludge age was maintained at 10 days during the first 20 days of operation, while the reactor was operated for 90 days until the end of the run, with a sludge age of 20 days.The results have changed in the range of 42-52% after the organic matter reduction obtained from the anaerobic digestion. Concentrations of 3735.7300 ppm, 5060.5768 ppm, and 6951.4013 ppm biogas were obtained. Biogas was turned on by mechanical energy with a Stirlingmotor and then turned to direct current and the lamps with 3V 20mA each were run for 60 minutes
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Gasification of solid refuse fuel in a fixed bed reactorMd Tanvir Alam
The global energy demand is increasing rapidly with increasing human population, urbanization and modernization [1]. The world heavily relies on fossil fuel to meet its energy demand; in order to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels, diversify the use of new and alternative fuels and to secure energy production routes, energy production from waste is inevitable [2]. Solid refuse fuel (SRF) is a well-known alternative fuel produced from the combustibles in MSW [3]. In this study an effort was endeavored to gasify SRF in a fixed bed reactor at various equivalence ratio (ER) to find out the optimum condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Analysis of a Producer Gas Generated by a Chir Pine Needle (Leaf...IJERA Editor
Today’s Indian scenario is facing an unprecedented energy crisis as the conventional energy resources of India are consistently deteriorating with the limited stock of these natural minerals posing a staggering threat to the Indian economy. Among all the available resources biomass proves to be a satisfactory substitute for compensating the energy void due to these natural resources. Biomass is a renewable resource with almost zero net CO2 emission which is processed with the help of biomass gasifier which is concurrently used with a chir pine needle. The performance of the biomass gasifier system is evaluated in terms of equivalence ratio, producer gas composition, calorific value of the producer gas, gas production rate and cold gas efficiency. The experimental results are compared with those reported in the literature.
Evaluation of physico chemical parameters and microbiological populations o...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The Contribution of Phytoplankton to the Primary Production in Floodplain Lak...Premier Publishers
This study aimed to estimate photosynthetic productivity of phytoplankton and water quality in two floodplain lakes of north Bihar, India. Gross phytoplankton productivity ranged from 1.849 g Cm-2day-1 to 4.994 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 1.319 g Cm-2day-1 to 3.965 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. The net primary productivity measured as 1.037 g Cm-2day-1 to 3.849 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 1.003 g Cm-2day-1 to 2.621 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. Primary productivity (GPP and NPP) of phytoplankton show a single annual peak. Respiration rates varied between 0.428 g Cm-2day-1 to 2.017 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 0.489 g Cm-2day-1 to 1.475 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. Seasonal variation in phytoplankton gross and the net productivity was almost similar, highest in summer and lowest in winter. NPP/GPP ratio and respiration as percentage of gross production were computed. Physico-chemical parameters of water were analysed concurrently.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEN FUELED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEijsrd.com
In the history of internal combustion engine development, hydrogen has been considered at several phases as a substitute of hydrocarbon-based fuels. Starting from the 70’s, there have been several attempts to convert engines for hydrogen operation. Together with the development in gas injector technology it has become possible to control precisely the injection of hydrogen for safe operation. Here we are using stainless steel plate as electrode in the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte being water and NACL salt. The electrolytic cell we used is a 12V battery case made of plastic. The cross sectional layers are cut such that the stainless steel plate fix in the battery case. The plates are separated by very small distance and the plates are given parallel holes for electron flow to be uniform. The power source to the kit is provided by a 12V and 9Ams battery. We used a transparent tube to supply the hydrogen produced in the kit to the air hose tube of our motor cycle. In order to keep the battery charged we used two 6 Amp diode to power the battery while running. There is a separate switch to power the kit and to protect the battery from getting drained. The stainless steel plates are of 50cm length, 25cm height, 2 millimeter thickness. The battery case can hold up to 5 liters of electrolyte. The use of hydrogen with petrol to power the vehicle has resulted in increase in vehicle mileage, accelerating speed with most important task of reduction in exhaust emission.
Numerical Simulation of Solar Greenhouse Dryer Using Computational Fluid Dyna...RSIS International
Moisture removal from crops and other food items is
one of the ways to preserve them for longer duration. Previously,
drying openly in sun was used to reduce moisture content. But it
had some disadvantages like contamination due to dirt and other
unwanted elements as well as attack by rodents and birds.
Drying in covered close space with vents would be helpful in
overcoming these problems. Solar greenhouse dryers are the
close conduits in which crops can be dried without negatively
affecting the nutrition value. The factors affecting the crop
drying are solar radiation, climatic conditions, material of which
the dryer is made of and shape of the dryer. A lot of
experimental investigations have been done to improve the
drying rate. With the advances in computational power and
numerical techniques, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has
emerged as a powerful tool to optimize any design. In the present
study, simulations have been done on greenhouse dryer with
modifications to identify the temperature distribution with
variation in wind velocity. Different radiation levels have also
been found out at different locations in the dryer. The model of
the dryer has been created in CREO 5.0 and analysis has been
performed using ANSYS 14.0. The simulation has been done for
both forced and natural convection. Obtained results have been
validated with the experimental work done by previous works.
Better drying rate has been obtained for forced circulation as
compared to natural convection which is in agreement with the
available experimental results.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Impact of Improved Aeration on Decomposition Rate of Enriched Compostijtsrd
Agricultural activities tend to generate a substantial volume of animal and crop residues. Composting is the most economical and ecologically sustainable option to manage farmyard waste. However, it takes approximately three months to complete decomposition and contains lower plant nutrient percentages than inorganic fertilisers. This study aimed to reduce the decomposition time and improve the nutrient content of compost. Aerobic decomposition was enhanced by aeration inside the pile using a blower with 0.5 l min kg airflow. Paddy straw, poultry manure, goat manure, cattle manure and paddy husk ash were mixed in 3 1 1 1 1 ratio respectively as the raw materials and 3 of Eppawala Rock Phosphate was added to the mixture in weight basis. Six piles 150 X 100 X 80 cm were prepared, and three piles were aerated for six hours per day while other three piles were left to decompose under the ambient condition as the control. According to the results, aerated and control piles took 35 days and 65 days to complete the decomposition. Total N, available P, exchangeable K, C N ratio, pH, EC and CEC were analysed in compost samples from aerated after 35 days and controls, and the results were, 20.5 g kg 1, 1.8 g kg 1, 10.4 g kg 1, 7, 8.8, 4.3 mS cm 1, 19.3 cmol kg 1 and 17.8 g kg 1, 1.5 g kg 1, 9.9 g kg 1, 8.5, 8.8, 3.64 mS cm 1, 21.3 cmol kg 1 respectively. Data were analysed using SAS 9.0 software with a 95 confidence interval. The results revealed a significant increment in total N, exchangeable K, C N ratio, EC and CEC in aerated piles compared to controls. And the nutrient composition of both methods was significantly higher than the commercial compost. Therefore, it can be concluded that decomposition time can be effectively reduced and the nutrient level can be increased by artificial aeration and nutrient enrichment, respectively. However, further studies are recommended to study the economic feasibility. D. M. S. H. Dissanayaka | V. P. T. Dhananjaya | E. J. Kosgollegedara | S. Karthigayini "Impact of Improved Aeration on Decomposition Rate of Enriched Compost" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38557.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/38557/impact-of-improved-aeration-on-decomposition-rate-of-enriched-compost/d-m-s-h-dissanayaka
Due to the fossil fuel crisis in past decade, mankind has to focus on developing the alternate energy sources such as biomass, hydropower, geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy. The developing of alternative-fuel technologies are investigated to deliver the replacement of fossil fuel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Prediction of recovery energy from ultimate analysis of waste generation in ...IJECEIAES
Refuse derived fuel (RDF) is an environmentally friendly renewable fuel developed to reduce waste generation. RDF can consist of various kinds of waste such as paper and gardens. One of the critical parameters is the chemical element and calorific value. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for waste reduction and the relationship of ultimate longevity in RDF to the calorific value. This study's paper and garden waste mixture were P0 (100% paper), P25 (75% paper and 25% garden), P50 (50% paper and 50% garden), P75 (25% paper and 75% garden), and P100 (100% garden). The calorific value of the mixture can reach 3.6-5.2 kWh/kg. Simultaneously the relationship of ultimate elements nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and ash affects the heating value of RDF. Sampling the application in Depok City can reduce waste by 6.67%, with the potential for electrical energy from paper and garden wastes of 358,903.8 kWh and 48,681 kWh, respectively. This shows that this energy waste can supply 0.1% of the total daily electricity demand in Depok City.
Phytoremediation potential of native plant species for gaseous pollution from...Innspub Net
In developing countries, brick kilns are not well regulated by government agencies. As a result most of the time they are installed near to the cities to reduce transport cost. They use coal, waste plastic, scrap tires, etc as fuel. Brick kiln produces number of toxic pollutant like CO2, SOx, NOx, HF, etc. They produce tons of gaseous pollution which effect near and far settled human population. Phytoremediation is considered the most suitable option for developing countries because of low cost, eco-friendliness and easily manageable. In current study, the purpose was to identify tolerant plant species near the brick kilns by measuring air pollution tolerance index (APTI). Species of trees including Mangifera indica, Morus alba, Acacia nilotica, Eucalyptus globulus, Dalbergia sissoo and Moringa oleifera were selected for sampling. Samples were collected during July and December at 100m, 300m, 500m and 700m distance around the brick kilns from two selected sampling sites. Moringa oleifera (APTI=17.60) was identified as tolerant and a sink of hydrogen fluoride (HF). Whereas, Eucalyptus globules (APTI=9.91) was found sensitive, so it can be used as bio-indicator of HF. This study recommends the plantation of Moringa oleifera around brick kiln for HF phytoremediation.
Gasification of solid refuse fuel in a fixed bed reactorMd Tanvir Alam
The global energy demand is increasing rapidly with increasing human population, urbanization and modernization [1]. The world heavily relies on fossil fuel to meet its energy demand; in order to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels, diversify the use of new and alternative fuels and to secure energy production routes, energy production from waste is inevitable [2]. Solid refuse fuel (SRF) is a well-known alternative fuel produced from the combustibles in MSW [3]. In this study an effort was endeavored to gasify SRF in a fixed bed reactor at various equivalence ratio (ER) to find out the optimum condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Analysis of a Producer Gas Generated by a Chir Pine Needle (Leaf...IJERA Editor
Today’s Indian scenario is facing an unprecedented energy crisis as the conventional energy resources of India are consistently deteriorating with the limited stock of these natural minerals posing a staggering threat to the Indian economy. Among all the available resources biomass proves to be a satisfactory substitute for compensating the energy void due to these natural resources. Biomass is a renewable resource with almost zero net CO2 emission which is processed with the help of biomass gasifier which is concurrently used with a chir pine needle. The performance of the biomass gasifier system is evaluated in terms of equivalence ratio, producer gas composition, calorific value of the producer gas, gas production rate and cold gas efficiency. The experimental results are compared with those reported in the literature.
Evaluation of physico chemical parameters and microbiological populations o...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The Contribution of Phytoplankton to the Primary Production in Floodplain Lak...Premier Publishers
This study aimed to estimate photosynthetic productivity of phytoplankton and water quality in two floodplain lakes of north Bihar, India. Gross phytoplankton productivity ranged from 1.849 g Cm-2day-1 to 4.994 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 1.319 g Cm-2day-1 to 3.965 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. The net primary productivity measured as 1.037 g Cm-2day-1 to 3.849 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 1.003 g Cm-2day-1 to 2.621 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. Primary productivity (GPP and NPP) of phytoplankton show a single annual peak. Respiration rates varied between 0.428 g Cm-2day-1 to 2.017 g Cm-2day-1 at Tarawe chaur and 0.489 g Cm-2day-1 to 1.475 g Cm-2day-1 at Gamharia chaur. Seasonal variation in phytoplankton gross and the net productivity was almost similar, highest in summer and lowest in winter. NPP/GPP ratio and respiration as percentage of gross production were computed. Physico-chemical parameters of water were analysed concurrently.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEN FUELED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEijsrd.com
In the history of internal combustion engine development, hydrogen has been considered at several phases as a substitute of hydrocarbon-based fuels. Starting from the 70’s, there have been several attempts to convert engines for hydrogen operation. Together with the development in gas injector technology it has become possible to control precisely the injection of hydrogen for safe operation. Here we are using stainless steel plate as electrode in the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte being water and NACL salt. The electrolytic cell we used is a 12V battery case made of plastic. The cross sectional layers are cut such that the stainless steel plate fix in the battery case. The plates are separated by very small distance and the plates are given parallel holes for electron flow to be uniform. The power source to the kit is provided by a 12V and 9Ams battery. We used a transparent tube to supply the hydrogen produced in the kit to the air hose tube of our motor cycle. In order to keep the battery charged we used two 6 Amp diode to power the battery while running. There is a separate switch to power the kit and to protect the battery from getting drained. The stainless steel plates are of 50cm length, 25cm height, 2 millimeter thickness. The battery case can hold up to 5 liters of electrolyte. The use of hydrogen with petrol to power the vehicle has resulted in increase in vehicle mileage, accelerating speed with most important task of reduction in exhaust emission.
Numerical Simulation of Solar Greenhouse Dryer Using Computational Fluid Dyna...RSIS International
Moisture removal from crops and other food items is
one of the ways to preserve them for longer duration. Previously,
drying openly in sun was used to reduce moisture content. But it
had some disadvantages like contamination due to dirt and other
unwanted elements as well as attack by rodents and birds.
Drying in covered close space with vents would be helpful in
overcoming these problems. Solar greenhouse dryers are the
close conduits in which crops can be dried without negatively
affecting the nutrition value. The factors affecting the crop
drying are solar radiation, climatic conditions, material of which
the dryer is made of and shape of the dryer. A lot of
experimental investigations have been done to improve the
drying rate. With the advances in computational power and
numerical techniques, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has
emerged as a powerful tool to optimize any design. In the present
study, simulations have been done on greenhouse dryer with
modifications to identify the temperature distribution with
variation in wind velocity. Different radiation levels have also
been found out at different locations in the dryer. The model of
the dryer has been created in CREO 5.0 and analysis has been
performed using ANSYS 14.0. The simulation has been done for
both forced and natural convection. Obtained results have been
validated with the experimental work done by previous works.
Better drying rate has been obtained for forced circulation as
compared to natural convection which is in agreement with the
available experimental results.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Impact of Improved Aeration on Decomposition Rate of Enriched Compostijtsrd
Agricultural activities tend to generate a substantial volume of animal and crop residues. Composting is the most economical and ecologically sustainable option to manage farmyard waste. However, it takes approximately three months to complete decomposition and contains lower plant nutrient percentages than inorganic fertilisers. This study aimed to reduce the decomposition time and improve the nutrient content of compost. Aerobic decomposition was enhanced by aeration inside the pile using a blower with 0.5 l min kg airflow. Paddy straw, poultry manure, goat manure, cattle manure and paddy husk ash were mixed in 3 1 1 1 1 ratio respectively as the raw materials and 3 of Eppawala Rock Phosphate was added to the mixture in weight basis. Six piles 150 X 100 X 80 cm were prepared, and three piles were aerated for six hours per day while other three piles were left to decompose under the ambient condition as the control. According to the results, aerated and control piles took 35 days and 65 days to complete the decomposition. Total N, available P, exchangeable K, C N ratio, pH, EC and CEC were analysed in compost samples from aerated after 35 days and controls, and the results were, 20.5 g kg 1, 1.8 g kg 1, 10.4 g kg 1, 7, 8.8, 4.3 mS cm 1, 19.3 cmol kg 1 and 17.8 g kg 1, 1.5 g kg 1, 9.9 g kg 1, 8.5, 8.8, 3.64 mS cm 1, 21.3 cmol kg 1 respectively. Data were analysed using SAS 9.0 software with a 95 confidence interval. The results revealed a significant increment in total N, exchangeable K, C N ratio, EC and CEC in aerated piles compared to controls. And the nutrient composition of both methods was significantly higher than the commercial compost. Therefore, it can be concluded that decomposition time can be effectively reduced and the nutrient level can be increased by artificial aeration and nutrient enrichment, respectively. However, further studies are recommended to study the economic feasibility. D. M. S. H. Dissanayaka | V. P. T. Dhananjaya | E. J. Kosgollegedara | S. Karthigayini "Impact of Improved Aeration on Decomposition Rate of Enriched Compost" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38557.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/38557/impact-of-improved-aeration-on-decomposition-rate-of-enriched-compost/d-m-s-h-dissanayaka
Due to the fossil fuel crisis in past decade, mankind has to focus on developing the alternate energy sources such as biomass, hydropower, geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy. The developing of alternative-fuel technologies are investigated to deliver the replacement of fossil fuel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Prediction of recovery energy from ultimate analysis of waste generation in ...IJECEIAES
Refuse derived fuel (RDF) is an environmentally friendly renewable fuel developed to reduce waste generation. RDF can consist of various kinds of waste such as paper and gardens. One of the critical parameters is the chemical element and calorific value. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for waste reduction and the relationship of ultimate longevity in RDF to the calorific value. This study's paper and garden waste mixture were P0 (100% paper), P25 (75% paper and 25% garden), P50 (50% paper and 50% garden), P75 (25% paper and 75% garden), and P100 (100% garden). The calorific value of the mixture can reach 3.6-5.2 kWh/kg. Simultaneously the relationship of ultimate elements nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and ash affects the heating value of RDF. Sampling the application in Depok City can reduce waste by 6.67%, with the potential for electrical energy from paper and garden wastes of 358,903.8 kWh and 48,681 kWh, respectively. This shows that this energy waste can supply 0.1% of the total daily electricity demand in Depok City.
Phytoremediation potential of native plant species for gaseous pollution from...Innspub Net
In developing countries, brick kilns are not well regulated by government agencies. As a result most of the time they are installed near to the cities to reduce transport cost. They use coal, waste plastic, scrap tires, etc as fuel. Brick kiln produces number of toxic pollutant like CO2, SOx, NOx, HF, etc. They produce tons of gaseous pollution which effect near and far settled human population. Phytoremediation is considered the most suitable option for developing countries because of low cost, eco-friendliness and easily manageable. In current study, the purpose was to identify tolerant plant species near the brick kilns by measuring air pollution tolerance index (APTI). Species of trees including Mangifera indica, Morus alba, Acacia nilotica, Eucalyptus globulus, Dalbergia sissoo and Moringa oleifera were selected for sampling. Samples were collected during July and December at 100m, 300m, 500m and 700m distance around the brick kilns from two selected sampling sites. Moringa oleifera (APTI=17.60) was identified as tolerant and a sink of hydrogen fluoride (HF). Whereas, Eucalyptus globules (APTI=9.91) was found sensitive, so it can be used as bio-indicator of HF. This study recommends the plantation of Moringa oleifera around brick kiln for HF phytoremediation.
Generation of Syngas using Anacardium Occidentaleijtsrd
The purpose of this project is to produce syngas from Anacardium occidentale shell which can be used in the piston engine of a short range helicopters like Mosquito XEL etc. which can be used for various applications like for agriculture fertilization and for local transport in an affordable price to the civilians. This anacardium occidentale is also known as cashew nut in most of the region. This project states the production of the syngas through downdraft gasification process as it is proven that it produces very less tar waste compared to other gasifiers. In this project, we will be also reusing the biomass char by converting it into an active catalyst which can be used for various applications like bio diesel production and in pyrolysis process to boost up the chemical reactions. This project also involves the waste management as we are running out of renewable resources of fuel such as fossil fuels which are obtained from the earth. In this project, we will be able to make use of such a fuel in the aviation industry which is obtained from a waste of a phytomass. In this project, we will be focusing on the production of this fuel from anacardium occidentale shells and study its characteristics by distinguishing with other phytomasses. T. Ayyasamy "Generation of Syngas using Anacardium Occidentale" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42604.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/electrical-engineering/42604/generation-of-syngas-using-anacardium-occidentale/t-ayyasamy
Case Study on Removal of Ambazari lake Water impurities By using Corn Cob and...IJERA Editor
This study was carried out for the utilization of Corn Cobs and Neem leaves as adsorbent for the removal of Surface water impurities . From the above observation it was concluded that Corn cobs were found suitable adsorbents because of their high mechanical strength, rigidity and porosity. Hence, contaminants like oxides of salts, detergents, suspended particles, coloured dyes, oil and grease get adsorbed in the surface of the corn cobs. It is a cheap and low cost method using one the less utilized agricultural bio-wastes of the globe.
The Potential Application of Gasification for Biomass Power Generation in Iso...IJERA Editor
Indonesia has renewable energy source very large, as biomass. Installed capacity power plants of Indonesia
now 53,585 MW, where the potential energy biomass is the largest of renewable sources of energy that owned
by Indonesia. The machine of gasification is designed to produce combustible gas (CO, H2, CH4). These
combustible gas are produced to replace fossil fuel as engine fuel to generate electricity. However, the
properties and characteristics of these combustible gas should meet the characteristic of the engine as every
engine has its own specific characteristic. In this research, Biomass Power Generation (BPG) which work more
properly with CO was used. High level of tar contained in produced combustible gas contaminates the engine
filter rapidly. Therefore, the machine cannot be operated at a longer time. The objective of this research was to
study the potential application of downdraft gasification machine with high content of CO and low production
of tar. Downdraft gasification machine which designed in this research had installed capacity as much as 50 kW
with reactor diameter and height were 900 mm and 1000 mm, respectively. The testing result showed that power
generated from this machine was 40 kW, efficiency 80 % and can be operated for 6 hours. The optimum
combustible gas produced by this machine occurred at CO, H2 and CH4 content were 21.75 %, 13.12 % and 1.12
%, respectively. Besides of using active carbon, tar removal was carried out using dust trap system (wet
scrubber). The potential reduction of value of greenhouse gases emission is about 37 until 67 %. Based on an
analysis calculation of financial , a test performance of gasification, and analysis of environmental impact, the
use of system gasification can be used on a system a power plant in the isolated area from national electricity
company in Indonesia.
The Potential Application of Gasification for Biomass Power Generation in Iso...IJERA Editor
Indonesia has renewable energy source very large, as biomass. Installed capacity power plants of Indonesia
now 53,585 MW, where the potential energy biomass is the largest of renewable sources of energy that owned
by Indonesia. The machine of gasification is designed to produce combustible gas (CO, H2, CH4). These
combustible gas are produced to replace fossil fuel as engine fuel to generate electricity. However, the
properties and characteristics of these combustible gas should meet the characteristic of the engine as every
engine has its own specific characteristic. In this research, Biomass Power Generation (BPG) which work more
properly with CO was used. High level of tar contained in produced combustible gas contaminates the engine
filter rapidly. Therefore, the machine cannot be operated at a longer time. The objective of this research was to
study the potential application of downdraft gasification machine with high content of CO and low production
of tar. Downdraft gasification machine which designed in this research had installed capacity as much as 50 kW
with reactor diameter and height were 900 mm and 1000 mm, respectively. The testing result showed that power
generated from this machine was 40 kW, efficiency 80 % and can be operated for 6 hours. The optimum
combustible gas produced by this machine occurred at CO, H2 and CH4 content were 21.75 %, 13.12 % and 1.12
%, respectively. Besides of using active carbon, tar removal was carried out using dust trap system (wet
scrubber). The potential reduction of value of greenhouse gases emission is about 37 until 67 %. Based on an
analysis calculation of financial , a test performance of gasification, and analysis of environmental impact, the
use of system gasification can be used on a system a power plant in the isolated area from national electricity
company in Indonesia
Fertilizer plant waste carbon slurry has been investigated after some processing as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes and phenols using columns. The results show that the carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from carbon slurry being porous and having appreciable surface area (380 m2/g) can remove dyes both cationic (meldola blue, methylene blue, chrysoidine G, crystal violet) as well as anionic (ethyl orange, metanil yellow, acid blue 113), and phenols (phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol) fruitfully from water. The column type continuous flow operations were used to obtain the breakthrough curves. The breakthrough capacity, exhaustion capacity and degree of column utilization were evaluated from the plots. The results shows that the degree of column utilization for dyes lies in the range 60 to 76% while for phenols was in the range 53-58%. The exhaustion capacities were quite high as compared to the breakthrough capacities and were found to be 217, 211, 104, 126, 233, 248, 267 mg/g for meldola blue, crystal violet, chrysoidine G, methylene blue, ethyl orange, metanil yellow, acid blue 113, respectively and 25.6, 72.2, 82.2 and 197.3 mg/g for phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol, respectively
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Bioenergy production is a promising way to manage the organic waste material while generating the heat and electricity. Anaerobic digestion of the organic material is gaining attraction due to its easy operation and the cost effectiveness. Biogas plant is an efficient bio energy production which mainly practices in developing country to transform waste into gas through the anaerobic digestion. It is a renewable energy source which helps to fulfil the energy need especially for developing country. In this research, the small-scale biogas plant was designed and implemented for household need with cow dung as a substrate. Biogas composition was measured with a multifunctional portable gas analyser. The mean content of methane (CH4) was 63.64% and carbon dioxide (CO2) was 29.04%. Substrate was allowed for store in varying time, i.e., one week, two weeks, and three weeks before the digestion process to increase the bacterial community. The longer the manure/cow dung is stored in a closed container before pass through the digester, the shorter the time for the anaerobic decomposition process.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
assessment of biomass of leaves of water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes)IJAEMSJORNAL
Green chemistry methods for nanoparticles synthesis have implemented the valorization of renewable waste that reduces the use of chemicals and sub-products to minimize the environmental impact. Herein, we report a method to synthesize Ag and Au nanoparticles (AgNPs, AuNPs) using one of the world´s worst aquatic weeds, water hyacinth. From a reaction between a solution of AgNO3 or HAuCl4 and controlling the pH, the nanoparticles were synthesized. The optimum pH value to obtained uniform quantum dots was found to be acidic for AgNPs and neutral for AuNPs. The size was highly dependent on pH for AgNPs, a smaller size was for acidic pH, and the larger size was for basic pH, and cubic and hexagonal are the predominant structures, no dependent was observed in AuNPs, and orthorhombic is the most common form. This method was sustainable because water hyacinth is a renewable resource in all world, and their use is not being exploited in any process. The bioreduction process using water hyacinth promotes the metallic nanoparticles formation and applied standard conditions for temperature and pressure. Also, the rate of synthesis is fast.
Similar to ABILITY TO ABSORB CARBON DIOXIDE BY SAPLINGS OF RAMBUTAN FOREST (NEPHELIUM RAMBOUTAN-AKE) (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
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2. Ability to Absorb Carbon Dioxide by Saplings of Rambutan Forest (Nephelium Ramboutan-Ake)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 426 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
The effort to reduce the increase in CO2 emissions in Central Kalimantan is to increase
carbon stocks through planting / rehabilitation activities on critical lands. To support these
activities a study / study of several types of plants is needed whose ability is not yet known to
absorb CO2, especially in plants in the growing phase of sapling levels. The long-term goal
of this study is to determine the role and contribution of plant species as plants for critical
land rehabilitation in climate change mitigation efforts in Central Kalimantan.
According to Kusminingrum (2008) and other researchers (Kotta et al., 2018; Ludang and
Mangkoedihardjo, 2009; Ludang et al., 2007; Samudro et al., 2018), the presence of CO2 gas
in the atmosphere is currently very abundant and can stimulate photosynthesis and increase
growth and productivity without being followed by increased water requirements
(transpiration). But the increase in the concentration of large CO2 gas has resulted in the
effect of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) that have an impact on global warming. According to
Samiaji (2009), the concentration of CO2 gas in the atmosphere has a very large contribution
to global warming, which is around 55% compared to other GHGs.
Popular plant of Rambutan Hutan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake)is commonly cultivated by
the community. At present there have been many studies related to measuring the ability of
CO2 absorption by several types of plants. The problem is that the research is still limited to
the tree-level growth phase. Research on the growth phase of plant saplings, especially the
saplings of plants aged ± 3-5 months, such as Rambutan Hutan is still lack. Though the data
is very important to know and can be used as basic data in predicting the amount of CO2
absorbed by plants along with the age increase of these plants related to climate change
mitigation on critical land.
The research aims to (a) measure the ability of the CO2 uptake of Rambutan Forest
saplings (b) measure the fluctuations in saplings' CO2 uptake during the measurement period
of 06.00-06.30, 12:00 p.m.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB, (c) analyze biomass / dry weight
reserves organic carbon stored in Rambutan Forest plant.
2. METHODS
2.1. Place and time of research
The research was carried out in the City of Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan Province,
Laboratory of the Jakenan Pati Research Institute for Agricultural Environment, Central Java
for the calculation of CO2 absorption. Palangka Raya University Forest Product Technology
Laboratory for calculating biomass and organic carbon. Research implementation June - July
2018.
2.2. Materials
The materials consist of saplings ± 3-5 months old Rambutan Forest (Nephelium ramboutan-
ake), printer ink, HVS A4 80 gr paper, markers, label paper, paper folders, plastic folders,
large envelopes, used newsprint and large ice box. The tool includes a chamber of size 50 cm
x 50 cm x 30 cm, Gas Cromatography, syringe, calipers, meter, 50 cm ruler, oven, desiccator,
blast furnace, ignition cup, bucket, analytic scales, small plastic basket, rubber band, cameras,
scissors cuttings, analytical scales, blenders and writing instruments.
3. Alpian, Yetrie Ludang and Wahyu Supriyati
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 427 editor@iaeme.com
2.3. Procedures
Saplings Rambutan Forests are stored in beds for ± 2 weeks to adjust to the conditions of the
surrounding environment so as not to stress.
Sampling of plant saplings of CO2 gas is Rambutan Forest with a chamber method. The
saplings are placed on the cement floor and then covered with a hood equipped with a
thermometer, dry batteries and small fans, as well as control hoods (without plant saplings).
Cover each side of the lid with sand to avoid air entering the hood. A small fan is turned on in
the hood and the rubber cover / septum above the lid is opened for 2-3 minutes and closed
again. Taking gas samples inside the hood through the septum by using a syringe and
recording the temperature data on the thermometer in the hood and the temperature around
the study location on the thermometer outside the hood in each period of gas sampling time.
Gas sampling is carried out in the period of 06.00-06.30, 12.00-12.30 and 15.00-15.30 WIB
with gas sampling time intervals of the 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th minute so that the
total gas samples taken are 144 sample.
2.4. Carbon dioxide measurements
The gas sample in the syringe was sent to the Jakenan Pati Research Center for Agricultural
Environment, Central Java, to analyze CO2 using Gas Cromatography. The data from the
CO2 gas analysis then calculated the CO2 gas absorption rate in the hood using the formula
Khalil, et. al., (1991):
where:
F = CO2 absorption rate in hoods (mg / m2 / minute)
dc/dt = Difference in CO2 concentration per unit time (ppm / minute)
Vch = Box volume (m3
)
Ach = Box area (m2
)
mW = Molecular weight CO2 (gr)
mV = Volume molekul CO2 (22,41 L)
T = Average temperature during gas sampling (o
C)
CO2 uptake by plant saplings (Fb) is the difference between the rate of CO2 uptake in a
hood containing plant saplings with CO2 absorption rates in hoods without plants / controls
(K), with the following formula:
Fb = F - K
where:
Fb = CO2 Absorption by plant saplings (mg / m2 / minute)
F = CO2 uptake in hood (mg / m2 / minute)
K = CO2 Absorption Rate in control hood / no plants (mg / m2 / minute)
2.5. Biomassa andOrganic Carbon measurements
Analysis of biomass and organic carbon stock in the roots, stems and leaves of Rambutan
Hutan was carried out using the gravimetric method at the Forest Products Technology
Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Palangka Raya University.
4. Ability to Absorb Carbon Dioxide by Saplings of Rambutan Forest (Nephelium Ramboutan-Ake)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 428 editor@iaeme.com
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Carbon dioxide uptake
The results of the study showed that the average rate of absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2)
saplings of Rambutan Hutan plants was 0.165 mg / m2 / minute or 9,900 mg / m2 / hour.
Each type of plant has different abilities in absorbing CO2 and this is influenced by several
factors, namely temperature, sunlight intensity, water availability, overall leaf area, leaf age
and growth phase (Dwidjoseputro, 1980). Salisbury and Ross (1995), differences in the
ability of plants to absorb CO2 are influenced by leaf area, relative thickness of leaves,
number of stomata, plant age and environmental factors. Research on carbon dioxide
absorption has been carried out as in Table 1.
Table 1 Research on carbon dioxide absorption for three plants
No Saplings
Average CO2
Absorption
(mg/m2/minute)
References
1 Papaya (Carica papaya L.) 0.640 Ludang and Junaedi (2015)
2
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus
Lam.)
0.150 Ludang and Junaedi (2015)
3 Jelutung (Dyera lowii Hook. F.) 0.349 Ludang et. al (2017)
Data in Table 1 when compared with the average CO2 absorption of Rambutan Forest
seedlings (Nephelium ramboutan-ake)higher than the average CO2 absorption of saplings of
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), but smaller compared to the type of saplings of
Papaya (Carica papaya L.)andJelutung (Dyera lowii Hook. F.).
3.2. Fluctuations in carbon dioxide uptake
Pattern of fluctuations in CO2 uptake that occur in Rambutan saplings The highest CO2
uptake occurs at 15.00-15.30 then followed at 12.00-12.30 WIB and lowest at 06.00-06.30
WIB. Lakitan (2012) that the optimum temperature for photosynthesis is equivalent to
temperature during the day. In addition, these conditions also affect the efficiency of
photosynthesis. Maulana (2011) explains that the high intensity of sunlight is able to carry
out photosynthesis maximally. Gratimah (2009) that maximum photosynthetic efficiency will
be achieved when the intensity of sunlight is full and long days so that the gradual increase in
sunlight will increase photosynthesis to the level of light compensation that is the level of
light when CO2 is equal to CO2 emissions. Fluctuations in the CO2 absorption of Rambutan
Forest seedlings are affected by fluctuations in the average temperature within the hood and
the average temperature outside the surrounding research site.
Whereas there are fluctuations in the temperature of the inside and outside of the hood in
the graph as seen at 06.00-06.30 WIB at 26.90 0C, 25.27 0C; 12.00-12.30 WIB at 37.63 0C,
33.14 0C; at 15.00-15.30 WIB at 39.00 0C, 34.04 0C. Sunlight at the research site shines
quite brightly which affects the increase in temperature and absorption of CO2. Ludang and
Junaedi (2015), the temperature inside the containment plays an important role in the ability
of plant saplings to fix CO2 in the process of photosynthesis, the higher the temperature in
the hood causes the higher the amount of CO2 to be fixed. Maulana (2011) explains that the
high intensity of sunlight is able to carry out photosynthesis maximally. Xu (2000), which is
when temperatures increase, plant activity will increase until it reaches the optimal
temperature and then decreases.
5. Alpian, Yetrie Ludang and Wahyu Supriyati
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 429 editor@iaeme.com
The average concentration of CO2 in the hood containing Rambutan Forest seedlings was
828.59 ppm. Ginting (2009), the process of increasing the concentration of CO2 in the air
coupled with high sunlight intensity can increase the rate of CO2 uptake in some types of
plants.
3.3. Biomass andOrganic Carbon
Brown (1997) explained that roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruit are components
of biomass. Confirmed by Elias, et. al. (2010), the components of tree biomass consist of root
biomass, main stem, branch stems, twigs, and leaves. The weight of biomass / dry weight per
sample of plant saplings is the sum of heavy biomass / dry weight (roots, stems, branches and
leaves) carried out directly in the laboratory. Budiadi and Sabarnurdin (2001) explain the
method of calculating biomass, which is that each part of the tree is separated into each root,
stem, branch, and leaf then weighed as wet weight, then taken samples to dry the furnace in
the laboratory in the oven for biomass calculations. The results showed that the average
biomass / dry weight of the rambutan forest seedlings of 13.66 g consisted of stem
components (6.57 g), roots (5.41 g) and leaves (1.68 g). Pamoengkas, et.al. (2000) Tree
biomass is the measure most often used to describe and study plant growth. Photosynthetic
products are used by plants for vertical and horizontal growth processes (Adinugroho and
Sidiyasa, 2009).
The results of the calculation of the percentage of organic carbon from Rambutan Forest
seedlings in this study were 55.50%. Brown, et. al. (1986), the average percentage of organic
carbon in plants is 50%, this value is smaller when compared to the results of this study.
Percentage of carbon organic carbon in Rambutan seedlings The forest is almost the same as
the percentage of organic carbon in the Gelam seedlings, which is equal to 54.86% (Alpian,
2014). The percent percent of organic carbon from Rambutan Forest seedlings is much
greater when compared to the results of the Bansal, et. al. (1988), where the percentage of
organic carbon in wood plants with needle leaves ranged from 40-45% and wide leaf wood
ranged from 40-42%. The organic carbon content of saplings of Rambutan Forest plants was
7.59 g consisting of stem components (3.6 g), roots (2.98 g) and leaves (0.92 g). The saplings'
organic carbon values of Rambutan Forest plants are smaller than those of Alpian (2014) in
the saplings of Gelam plants with a diameter of 0.6 to 0.8 mm (base diameter of the stem
measured 30 cm above the ground surface containing organic carbon ranging from 9-19 g.
Hairiah, et. Al. (2011), measuring the amount of carbon stored in the body of a living plant
(biomass) can describe the amount of CO2 absorbed by plants.
4. CONCLUSION
1. The ability of the average absorption of carbon dioxide in the children of Rambutan
Forest is 0.165 mg / m2 / minute or 9,900 mg / m2 / hour.
2. Fluctuations in the absorption of carbondioxide saplings of Rambutan Forest plants
are increasing based on the measurement period (morning, afternoon and evening).
3. The biomass and organic carbon content of Rambutan Forest saplings is 13.66 g and
7.59 g. Component parts of the stem contain biomass and organic carbon, followed by
roots and leaves.
Research on the process of carbon dioxide absorption needs to be carried out
continuously considering that there are still many types of seedling plants in Central
Kalimantan both in natural forests and plantations that have not been studied in full.
6. Ability to Absorb Carbon Dioxide by Saplings of Rambutan Forest (Nephelium Ramboutan-Ake)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 430 editor@iaeme.com
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Direktorat
Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan
Tinggi in accordance with the Fiscal Year 2018 Research Contract because it has funded this
research.
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