PRIA has engaged with academia in a multitude of interventions, bringing community and practitioner knowledge into the portals of traditional research institutions and processes. By doing this, PRIA has helped Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) realize their social responsibility towards a communityâs needs and aspirations. This document traces PRIAâs work in promoting community engagement within HEIs in India and beyond. The experience, garnered over three decades, have been classified into six categories to highlight the different forms PRIAâs interventions as a facilitator have taken to build bridges between the world of formal research, the practitioner knowledge of civil society actors and the experiential knowledge of local communities. The experiences discussed in this paper are not intended to be comprehensive; a few specific interventions are described under each category to illustrate the nature of the engagements fostered and the practices promoted.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
A STUDY ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN IN THANJAVUR DISTRICTIAEME Publication
Â
Women tend to be more vulnerable to exploitation of various kinds, such as sexual harassment, domestic violence and exploitation in the workplace. Women also tend to be relatively easy targets of sexual exploitation, particularly if they are economically backward. They are deprived of political, social, economic and health opportunities. This study was interested to concentrate on to identify the quality of life of women in Thanjavur district. The researcher also focused to analyze the marital status, emotional disturbance, social attitude, Abuse and violence against women and quality of life of women. The sample size for the present study is 160 they were selected through stratified disproportionate random sampling method. The study observed that majority of the women are not having knowledge about act/laws for securing equal rights and opportunities for women, along with state/national policies for women. And half of the respondents have had low level of quality of work life. Women have different requirements and problems, which need to be addressed accordingly through specific interventions in areas like education, accessibility, training and employment, social security and protection for improving the status and quality of women.
Participatory Action Research for Sustainable Tribal Livelihood: An Eco Chain...IBRADKolkata
Â
ABSTRACT: The indigenous tribal community and forest have a symbiotic
relationship. Arresting the forest's degradation and development of livelihood option have
been tried with the Santhal in Purulia District of West Bengal as a partner through Participatory
Action Research (PAR). The Eco Chain Approach for creating awareness and SAPTASWAR,
a method to develop appropriate social institution for the conservation of natural resources
and adoption of technology developed by IBRAD, is illustrated with a case study herewith.
It is being carried out as an outcome-oriented intervention and finally generating a new
body of knowledge for replication in the similar context of sustainable livelihood of the
community.
Prof. Vibhuti Patel on Women's Studies in Praxis- Dr.Neera Desai's Contributi...VIBHUTI PATEL
Â
The dialectical relationship between `pedagogy' and `praxis', vis-Ă -vis the `women's question', had been a matter of great concern for pioneers of Women's Studies (WS) in India. The need to study women's issues in academic institutions and to conduct research based on experiential material and affirmative action had begun to be discussed among Indian women's studies scholars by the early eighties (Desai and Patel, 1988). The discourse on this subject has proved to be a fruitful exercise for activists, academics, researchers, policy planners and the UN system. This paper aims to critically reflect on womenâs development initiative in Udwada and surrounding villages of Pardi Taluka, South Gujarat by Dr. Neera Desai, Head of Sociology Department and the founding Director of Research Centre for Womenâs Studies (till she retired in 1985). She continued working with the project even after her retirement and took upon responsibility as an honorary Director of Centre for Rural Development (founded by her in 1981) of SNDT Womenâs University, Mumbai.
When Neeraben established Research Unit for Womenâs Studies (RUWS) in 1974 in SNDT Womenâs University, she had visualised action as an integral component of all programmes. In 1975, when UGC sponsorship came, RUWS became Research Centre for Womenâs Studies (RCWS). Neeraben defined Womenâs Studies (WS) as an academic discipline with five arms namely- research, documentation, teaching, training and action. Womenâs studies as an academic discipline start with the premise that women have subordinate status in our society and the knowledge-base created by WS should be used for empowerment of women. Thus WS has a transformative potential in terms of changing the gender based power relations.
A Geographical Study of Working Women from Kinwat Regioninventionjournals
Â
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
PRIA has engaged with academia in a multitude of interventions, bringing community and practitioner knowledge into the portals of traditional research institutions and processes. By doing this, PRIA has helped Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) realize their social responsibility towards a communityâs needs and aspirations. This document traces PRIAâs work in promoting community engagement within HEIs in India and beyond. The experience, garnered over three decades, have been classified into six categories to highlight the different forms PRIAâs interventions as a facilitator have taken to build bridges between the world of formal research, the practitioner knowledge of civil society actors and the experiential knowledge of local communities. The experiences discussed in this paper are not intended to be comprehensive; a few specific interventions are described under each category to illustrate the nature of the engagements fostered and the practices promoted.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
A STUDY ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN IN THANJAVUR DISTRICTIAEME Publication
Â
Women tend to be more vulnerable to exploitation of various kinds, such as sexual harassment, domestic violence and exploitation in the workplace. Women also tend to be relatively easy targets of sexual exploitation, particularly if they are economically backward. They are deprived of political, social, economic and health opportunities. This study was interested to concentrate on to identify the quality of life of women in Thanjavur district. The researcher also focused to analyze the marital status, emotional disturbance, social attitude, Abuse and violence against women and quality of life of women. The sample size for the present study is 160 they were selected through stratified disproportionate random sampling method. The study observed that majority of the women are not having knowledge about act/laws for securing equal rights and opportunities for women, along with state/national policies for women. And half of the respondents have had low level of quality of work life. Women have different requirements and problems, which need to be addressed accordingly through specific interventions in areas like education, accessibility, training and employment, social security and protection for improving the status and quality of women.
Participatory Action Research for Sustainable Tribal Livelihood: An Eco Chain...IBRADKolkata
Â
ABSTRACT: The indigenous tribal community and forest have a symbiotic
relationship. Arresting the forest's degradation and development of livelihood option have
been tried with the Santhal in Purulia District of West Bengal as a partner through Participatory
Action Research (PAR). The Eco Chain Approach for creating awareness and SAPTASWAR,
a method to develop appropriate social institution for the conservation of natural resources
and adoption of technology developed by IBRAD, is illustrated with a case study herewith.
It is being carried out as an outcome-oriented intervention and finally generating a new
body of knowledge for replication in the similar context of sustainable livelihood of the
community.
Prof. Vibhuti Patel on Women's Studies in Praxis- Dr.Neera Desai's Contributi...VIBHUTI PATEL
Â
The dialectical relationship between `pedagogy' and `praxis', vis-Ă -vis the `women's question', had been a matter of great concern for pioneers of Women's Studies (WS) in India. The need to study women's issues in academic institutions and to conduct research based on experiential material and affirmative action had begun to be discussed among Indian women's studies scholars by the early eighties (Desai and Patel, 1988). The discourse on this subject has proved to be a fruitful exercise for activists, academics, researchers, policy planners and the UN system. This paper aims to critically reflect on womenâs development initiative in Udwada and surrounding villages of Pardi Taluka, South Gujarat by Dr. Neera Desai, Head of Sociology Department and the founding Director of Research Centre for Womenâs Studies (till she retired in 1985). She continued working with the project even after her retirement and took upon responsibility as an honorary Director of Centre for Rural Development (founded by her in 1981) of SNDT Womenâs University, Mumbai.
When Neeraben established Research Unit for Womenâs Studies (RUWS) in 1974 in SNDT Womenâs University, she had visualised action as an integral component of all programmes. In 1975, when UGC sponsorship came, RUWS became Research Centre for Womenâs Studies (RCWS). Neeraben defined Womenâs Studies (WS) as an academic discipline with five arms namely- research, documentation, teaching, training and action. Womenâs studies as an academic discipline start with the premise that women have subordinate status in our society and the knowledge-base created by WS should be used for empowerment of women. Thus WS has a transformative potential in terms of changing the gender based power relations.
A Geographical Study of Working Women from Kinwat Regioninventionjournals
Â
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A Study of the parents Opinion on Discrimination among degree College student...inventionjournals
Â
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This article presents the participation levels of the NSS volunteers' in National Service Scheme (NSS) activities in two
districts of North Andhra Pradesh. NSS is a central government scheme initiated to promote the student youth to work for
the community development which leads to building a better nation. This is a quantitative study, adopted the convenience sampling method and
collected the data from 842 students from these eight colleges through a structured questionnaire. The study found that 82.8 per cent of the
respondents actively participated in the regular activities of the NSS programme, 72.9 per cent of the respondents participated in the rallies of
awareness programmes. The study found that 78.3 per cent of the respondents participated in Environmental day, 70.9 per cent of the respondents
participated in International Yoga day, and 68.3 per cent of the respondents participated in Indian Republic day celebrations. The Covid-19
pandemic is one of the reasons for the reduction of the participation of the NSS volunteers. The functioning of the programme ofďcers (POs) and
NSS units in the colleges are satisfactory. The students need more guidance from the POs and concerned authorities to increase more participation
from NSS volunteers.
Leadership: Essence of Success in Social Sector of Bihar (India)iosrjce
Â
Leaders have been found to play a pivotal role in running and developing NGOs. This study aims to
find out the leaderâs perceptions about the impact of their leadership on employees performance and
development of their NGOs. The study explicitly shows the positive and significant nexus between leaderâs style
and strategy with leadership effectiveness and its sweeping impact on employeesâ motivation, commitment,
employeeâs satisfaction and well being as well as on enhancement of employeesâ work performance and
organizational productivity through leadership practices including information sharing, problem solving,
motivation, performance rewards and role-playing
Itâs basically about the rural and infrastructure development of a rural areas through which we can know about the life ,education ,and earning in rural areas is how much difficult.
Golden jubilee lecture for css, surat prof. vibhuti patelVIBHUTI PATEL
Â
Main concerns of womenâs movement in India have been:
⢠Men outnumber women in India, unlike in most countries where the reverse is the case.
⢠Majority of women go through life in a state of nutritional stress - they are anaemic and malnourished. Girls and women face nutritional discrimination within the family, eating last and least.
⢠The average Indian woman has little control over her own fertility and reproductive health.
⢠Literacy rate is lower in women as compared to men and far fewer girls than boys go to school. Even when girls are enrolled, many of them drop out of school.
⢠Womenâs work is undervalued and unrecognized. Women work longer hours than men and carry the major share of household and community work, which is unpaid and invisible.
⢠Once âwomenâs workâ is professionalized, there is practically a monopoly on it by men. For example, the professional chefs are still largely men. The Sexual Division of Labour ensures that women will always end up as having to prioritize unpaid domestic work over paid work. It is not a ânaturalâ biological difference that lies behind the sexual division of labour, but certain ideological assumptions.
⢠Women generally earn a far lower wage than men doing the same work, despite the Equal Remuneration Act of 1976. In no State do women and men earn equal wages in agriculture.
⢠Women are under-represented in various bodies of governance as well as decision-making positions in both public and private sectors.
⢠Women are legally discriminated against in land and property rights. Most women do not own property in their own names and do not get a share of parental property.
⢠Women face violence inside and outside the family throughout their lives.
An Empirical Analysis of the Empowerment of Rural Women Through Panchayati Ra...paperpublications3
Â
Abstract: This paper has attempted to investigate the political participation of the rural women and their actual condition in the panchayati raj institutions in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh. The study is based on primary data which has been collected from the Elected Women Representatives of various blocks of Ujjain district(as per 2009-10 panchayat elections) and also to explore, whether the women have been empowered after getting a 50% reservation at the grassroots level. This study has also revealed that after connecting with the panchayat whether the level of womenâs social status have increased or not and also analyse the impediments factors faced by the women in the working of panchayat.
Performance of social entrepreneurs in tiruchirappalli districtRAVICHANDIRANG
Â
Social entrepreneurship is one of the emerging areas which are mainly focus on sustainable developments.
The concept of social entrepreneurship is not new to India, but it has been performing in the name of NGOâs.
Social entrepreneurs are individuals with innovative solutions to societyâs most pressing social problems. They are ambitious and
persistent, tackling major social issues and offering new ideas for wide-scale change. Rather than leaving societal needs to the Government
or business sectors, social entrepreneurs find what is not working and solve the problems by changing the systems, spreading the
solution, and persuading entire societies to take new leaps. This paper is a case study model which mainly focuses on the performance
of select social entrepreneurs in Tiruchirappalli district.
A Study of the parents Opinion on Discrimination among degree College student...inventionjournals
Â
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This article presents the participation levels of the NSS volunteers' in National Service Scheme (NSS) activities in two
districts of North Andhra Pradesh. NSS is a central government scheme initiated to promote the student youth to work for
the community development which leads to building a better nation. This is a quantitative study, adopted the convenience sampling method and
collected the data from 842 students from these eight colleges through a structured questionnaire. The study found that 82.8 per cent of the
respondents actively participated in the regular activities of the NSS programme, 72.9 per cent of the respondents participated in the rallies of
awareness programmes. The study found that 78.3 per cent of the respondents participated in Environmental day, 70.9 per cent of the respondents
participated in International Yoga day, and 68.3 per cent of the respondents participated in Indian Republic day celebrations. The Covid-19
pandemic is one of the reasons for the reduction of the participation of the NSS volunteers. The functioning of the programme ofďcers (POs) and
NSS units in the colleges are satisfactory. The students need more guidance from the POs and concerned authorities to increase more participation
from NSS volunteers.
Leadership: Essence of Success in Social Sector of Bihar (India)iosrjce
Â
Leaders have been found to play a pivotal role in running and developing NGOs. This study aims to
find out the leaderâs perceptions about the impact of their leadership on employees performance and
development of their NGOs. The study explicitly shows the positive and significant nexus between leaderâs style
and strategy with leadership effectiveness and its sweeping impact on employeesâ motivation, commitment,
employeeâs satisfaction and well being as well as on enhancement of employeesâ work performance and
organizational productivity through leadership practices including information sharing, problem solving,
motivation, performance rewards and role-playing
Itâs basically about the rural and infrastructure development of a rural areas through which we can know about the life ,education ,and earning in rural areas is how much difficult.
Golden jubilee lecture for css, surat prof. vibhuti patelVIBHUTI PATEL
Â
Main concerns of womenâs movement in India have been:
⢠Men outnumber women in India, unlike in most countries where the reverse is the case.
⢠Majority of women go through life in a state of nutritional stress - they are anaemic and malnourished. Girls and women face nutritional discrimination within the family, eating last and least.
⢠The average Indian woman has little control over her own fertility and reproductive health.
⢠Literacy rate is lower in women as compared to men and far fewer girls than boys go to school. Even when girls are enrolled, many of them drop out of school.
⢠Womenâs work is undervalued and unrecognized. Women work longer hours than men and carry the major share of household and community work, which is unpaid and invisible.
⢠Once âwomenâs workâ is professionalized, there is practically a monopoly on it by men. For example, the professional chefs are still largely men. The Sexual Division of Labour ensures that women will always end up as having to prioritize unpaid domestic work over paid work. It is not a ânaturalâ biological difference that lies behind the sexual division of labour, but certain ideological assumptions.
⢠Women generally earn a far lower wage than men doing the same work, despite the Equal Remuneration Act of 1976. In no State do women and men earn equal wages in agriculture.
⢠Women are under-represented in various bodies of governance as well as decision-making positions in both public and private sectors.
⢠Women are legally discriminated against in land and property rights. Most women do not own property in their own names and do not get a share of parental property.
⢠Women face violence inside and outside the family throughout their lives.
An Empirical Analysis of the Empowerment of Rural Women Through Panchayati Ra...paperpublications3
Â
Abstract: This paper has attempted to investigate the political participation of the rural women and their actual condition in the panchayati raj institutions in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh. The study is based on primary data which has been collected from the Elected Women Representatives of various blocks of Ujjain district(as per 2009-10 panchayat elections) and also to explore, whether the women have been empowered after getting a 50% reservation at the grassroots level. This study has also revealed that after connecting with the panchayat whether the level of womenâs social status have increased or not and also analyse the impediments factors faced by the women in the working of panchayat.
Performance of social entrepreneurs in tiruchirappalli districtRAVICHANDIRANG
Â
Social entrepreneurship is one of the emerging areas which are mainly focus on sustainable developments.
The concept of social entrepreneurship is not new to India, but it has been performing in the name of NGOâs.
Social entrepreneurs are individuals with innovative solutions to societyâs most pressing social problems. They are ambitious and
persistent, tackling major social issues and offering new ideas for wide-scale change. Rather than leaving societal needs to the Government
or business sectors, social entrepreneurs find what is not working and solve the problems by changing the systems, spreading the
solution, and persuading entire societies to take new leaps. This paper is a case study model which mainly focuses on the performance
of select social entrepreneurs in Tiruchirappalli district.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Â
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar âDigital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?â on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus âManaging screen time: How to protect and equip students against distractionâ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective âStudents, digital devices and successâ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
Â
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasnât one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Â
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
Â
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
Â
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
Â
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Â
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
Â
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesarâs dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empireâs birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empireâs society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
A Study On Socio- Economic Status Of Vadar Community
1. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
Volume 19, Issue 7, Ver. III (July. 2014), PP 37-43
e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845.
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 37 | Page
A Study on Socio- Economic Status of Vadar Community
Mrs. Anita Sambhaji Pisal,
Assistant Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Social Science centre, Pune.
Abstract: Vadar community people are different from the other castes in India. The dressing style, language,
marriage system, festivals and other social events are also different then other communities. They have acquired
more or less traditions and customs of other communities of different communities in respective States of India.
It would not be exaggeration if we say that People from Vadar community are first Engineers as they are
considered to be the first people who made weapons from the stone. The Vadar community is known by different
names in India such as Mati Vadar, Gadi Vadar, Kala Vadar, Patharvat Vadar, Jati Vadar, Jati, Bhoaj etc.
The economic condition of Vadar community is very poor in the Pune District it is observed that they
are not able to full fill their basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter. These people are migrated all over
country to full fill their basic needs. Most of the rural based people migrate near by the village where they get
opportunity of employment.
I. Introduction
Vadar community is one of the many Indian nomadic communities, known for their hard laborious
work though they are found all over India. They are mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and
Karnataka. The estimated population o f Vadar community in Maharashtra was 4.35 Lakhs in 1991. [Source -
Dr. BARTI Report, Pune, 1991]
The Vadar community is known by different names in India such as Mati Vadar, Gadi Vadar, Kala
Vadar, Patharvat Vadar, Jati Vadar, Jati, etc. The main occupation of the Vadar community is traditional work
which includes stone cutting, mine work, stone engraver, digging, housing construction ect, They are found
working in agriculture laobur and non- agriculture labour in rural part of the Maharashtra state. Very few people
are working in urban areas either in Govt. services or Private organizations. There are popular for their hard
work in unorganized sector.
Economic condition of Vadar community is very poor; it is observed that they are not able to full fill
their basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter. These people are migrated all over country to full fill their
basic needs .most of the rural based people migrates near by the village where they get opportunity of
employment .
Vadar community people invented many stone apparatus which can be used in our daily life but today
this type work is not require to the present society The traditional work is decreasing day by day due to modern
technology, atomization and globalization . The use of traditional stone apparatus taken place by new electrical
equipments which leading to increase in unemployment of this community.
The main occupation of this community was mining, construction and others are taken place by JCB machine,
builders, contractors and labour unions. This also another cause of poverty and unemployment of Vadar
community.
II. Research Methodology
Introduction
The present study was conducted in Pune District of Maharashtra state. The study is purely based on
primary data collection; the data collection has made from Vadar communities of Pune district. The researcher
has been selected 15 villages from 15 Blocks of Pune district to conduct the present study of Vadar community.
To strengthen the database, secondary data has been collected from various books, reports, and record
available with government. The present study is supported by various articles and data available on internet
articles and experts opinion.
Social Research
The objective of social research is clearly the discovery of causal relationship in human behaviors. It is
generally acknowledged that in human behaviors as much as in natural phenomenon, a large degree of
measurable and predictable sets of associations occur. Social Science Research is an organized and scientific
effort to acquire former knowledge about the social phenomenon and the social facts. Social Research studies
the social values, beliefs, traditions and events. Social Research is the two side of a same coin, which means that
theory and practice must go hand in hand. Social research plays a vital role in the field of social sciences. It has
2. A Study on Socio- Economic Status of Vadar Community
www.iosrjournals.org 38 | Page
become an integral part of social work. It is the pursuit of the human with the help of study, observation,
comparison and experiment.
In short, the search of knowledge through objectives and systematic method of finding solution to a
problem in research. Social Research is related to social life. It investigates and verifies social issues and social
interactions. It formulates laws in regard to different social phenomenon and the principles to guide this
phenomenon. It also tries to investigate the relationships that exist between various facts and phenomenon of
social life.
Social work Research
Social Work Research is the application of research methods to the production of knowledge that
social workers need to solve problems they confront in the practice of social work. The knowledge is useful in
appraising the effectiveness of methods and techniques of social work. It provides information that can be taken
into consideration by social worker prior to making decisions that affect their clients, programmes or agencies
such as use of alternative intervention techniques or change or modification of the programmed.
Social work Research offers an opportunity for all social workers to make differences in their practice.
There is no doubt about the face that social worker will be more effective practitioner guided by the findings of
social work research.
Social Work Research is regarded as the systematic use of research concepts, methods, techniques and
strategies to provide information related to the objectives of social work programmes and practices. Thus, the
units of analysis of social work research could be individuals, group, families or programmes of the agency.
Social Work Research is the search of knowledge including knowledge of alternative practice and intervention
techniques, which would be of direct use of the social work profession and thus enhance the practice of social
work methods.
Definition:
Dr. D.K. Laldas, âSocial work Research may be defined as systematic investigation into the problems
in the field of social work.â
Prof. P. Ramchandran, âSocial Work Research is the use of scientific method in the search of
knowledge of alternative practice and intervention techniques which would be of direct use to the social work
profession.â
Social Work Research primarily deals with problems faced by professional social workers, social work
agencies and community in their concern with social work functions. In other words, in social work research,
the problems to be investigated are always found in the course of doing social work or planning to do it.
It is very obvious that in social work research, the study of problems is done from the point of view of
social work and that of professional social work. Social Work researcher lays special emphasis on evaluation.
This is the one of the reasons that social work research is also understood as evaluative research.
Selection of the topic
The present research study is an attempt to examine and describe the socio-economic status, family
skills, health status, and educational status Vadar community.
The status of Vadar community in general is not good there for the people of community facing social,
economic, health and educational problems not only Maharashtra state but also in other part of India.
A large number of research studies conducted so for on the various denotified communities but known has
found conducted research study on Vadar community specially Pune district of ,Maharashtra state , therefore
researcher has selected the Pune district of Maharashtra state to explore and describe the problems of Vadar
community.
Purpose of the Study
Vadar Community is scattered in all over the India. This caste is included in the Nomadic Tribes list of
Maharashtra state and some other state Vadar community treated as SC/ST. Even though it is considered as
backward community and provided services and various schemes by the Govt. but still there is no progress
found in this community. The main purpose to selected this topic of present study is to know the basic
problems such as superstition , education , health, globalization and occupational changes ,unawareness
about the Govt. schemes and Migration of this community .To know and overcome the issues of Vadar
community researcher has selected the home district âPune for the present study .
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Objectives of the Study
1. To Study the socio- economic and educational status of Vadar community
2. To study impact of modernization on Vadar community
3. To study and describe the status of women in Vadar community
4. To study Government schemes and programmers related to Vadar community.
Hypotheses
ď The related of unemployment is increased due to impact of globalization /modernization on traditional
occupation of Vadar Community.
ď Unawareness of Govt. Schemes and Programmes leaded to non development of Vadar community.
III. Scope of the Study
The study on the Vadar community was extended to cover the personal interview, family background,
socio- economic condition, traditional occupation, education, wages, and health. Further the study was focused
on the scope for Vadar community in Pune district. This study can be helpful in the larger level for the
development of status of Vadar community.
Universe of the Study
It consist 15 Blocks were more or less peoples of the Vadar community located in rural and few were
in urban areas. The population of the Vadar community in Pune District is seven lakh sixty five thousand. The
researcher has selected on villages were the maximum Vadar community located in 15Blocks of Pune District.
Sampling Size
A total 522 respondents were selected randomly from 15villages in Pune District. Quantitative and
qualitative data were generated through personal interview schedule a long with participatory observation,
interaction and discussion with key information, aged persons, and housewives and traditional
healer.
Table.No-2.1
Sample size of the Vadar Community in Pune district
Sr.No Talukas Vadar
Community
Population
No of Families
Vadar
community
Villages Population of
the Selected
villages
Selected
Sample
5%
1) Baramati 65000 8000 Kamblewashwar 700 35
2) Daund 1,00,000 20000 Daund 1600 80
3) Indapur 35000 4000 Bhandgaon 600 30
4) Bhor 20000 1500 Bhambavde 300 15
5) Purandhar 30000 3000 Purandar 600 30
6) Velhe 10000 1000 Vehle 300 15
7) Haveli 40,000 2000 Haveli 700 35
8) Pune city 1,70 ,000 42000 Gokhalenagar 2100 105
9) Pimpri 1,53,000 33000 Nehrunagar 1540 77
10) Khed 30000 3000 Khed 200 10
11) Shirur 25000 2700 Koregaon 600 30
12) Junnar 20000 1500 Otur 400 20
13) Ambegaon 17000 1200 Kanase 200 10
14) Maval 20000 1500 Hinjawadi 400 20
15) Mulshi 30000 3000 Talegaon 200 10
Total population 7,65,000 91,900 Village population 10,440 522
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Table.No-2.2
Sources of Data Collection
The information has been obtained from both primary and secondary sources.
Primary Data: Primary data which include first hand information has been collected by using interview schedule
for Vadar Community.
Secondary Data: The secondary but main data was drawn from the Pune district. Maharashtra and other
department and also from the personal discussion. Beside this the researcher has used observation method for
collection of data.
IV. Tools of Data Collection
The interview schedule and observation method was used for data collection.
Interview Schedule: The structured interview schedule was prepared in Marathi. For Vadar Community
women questions were asked in Marathi and Vadari language which is their mother tongue. The interview
schedule covered personal information, family background, traditional working condition and health and health
information and other educational and vocational aspects relating to Vadar community.
Observation Method: Observation is a basic method of attaining information about social phenomena under
investigation. Researcher has observing the real conditions of women. Mostly these Vadar community economic
condition and social background is very poor. Vadar Community was changing her dressing style and life style.
Thus all endeavors have been taken to make the study just finding of the study.
Focused Group Discussion: Discussion plays a vital role in the data collection in this study; the researcher
discussion with Vadar community collected the relevant information.
V. Major findings of the study
⢠Gender: It is found that 65 % of the respondents were male and 35 % were found to be Female.
⢠Age: It is found that 41 % of the respondents belonged to the age groups of 46 to 55 years, while 29 % of
the respondents were in the age groups of 36 to 45 years, another, 25 % of the respondents were in the age
groups of 25 to 35 years and 6 % of the respondents were in the age groups of above 56.
⢠Sub caste: It is found that 52 % of the respondents were Gadi Vadar, 34 % of the respondents were Mati
Vadar, 9 % were Pathrut Vadar .5 % of the respondents were Jati Vadar.
⢠Languages: It is found that 53%of the respondents were speaking using Marathi language at home 47% of
the respondents were using Telgu language at home.
⢠Type of family: It is found that 42 % of the respondents belonged to joint family system. 42% of the
respondents were belonged to nuclear family system and only 8%of the respondents were belonged to
single parent family system.
⢠Accommodation status: 71.3 % respondents having their own houses .22.4 % respondents were living in
rented houses. 6.3% respondents were living in relativeâs houses.
⢠Education: It is found that 50 % of the respondents who were interviewed were illiterate and 42 % of the
respondents were educated up to High School, 3 % of the respondents were Secondary and 5 % of the
respondents were having other Degree/Course of education.
⢠Total stay: It is found that 69% of the respondents were staying in Pune since
Sr.No Talukas Villages Population of the
Selected villages
Selected
Sample
5%
1) Baramati Kamblewashwar 700 35
2) Daund Daund 1600 80
3) Indapur Bhandgaon 600 30
4) Bhor Bhambavde 300 15
5) Purandhar Purandar 600 30
6) Velhe Vehle 300 15
7) Haveli Haveli 700 35
8) Pune city Gokhalenagar 2100 105
9) Pimpri Nehrunagar 1540 77
10) Khed Khed 200 10
11) Shirur Koregaon 600 30
12) Junnar Otur 400 20
13) Ambegaon Kanase 200 10
14) Maval Hinjawadi 400 20
15) Mulshi Talegaon 200 10
Total population Village population 10,440 522
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⢠35 years. 17% of the respondents were staying in Pune district since 50 years.24%of the respondents were
staying in Pune district since 25 years
⢠TYPE OF WORK: It is found that, 42% of the respondents were working in daily wages worker.7 % of
the respondents were working in Driveling sectors. 7 % of the respondents were working in construction
work and Stone âmine work. 38%t of the respondents was working in other types of work.
⢠Income: It is found that 71% of the respondents were having a monthly income of Rs. 1000 to 3000.11% of
the respondents were having a monthly income of Rs.4000 to 6000. 7 % of the respondents were having a
monthly income of Rs.7 000 to 10000. 7 % of the respondents were having a monthly income of Rs.11000
.to 13000. 3% of the respondents were having a monthly income of Rs.14000 to 16000.
⢠Traditional business: It is found that, 67 %Vadar people were not doing family business and 33 % Vadar
people were doing family business.
⢠Problems faced at work place: It also found that 31 % of the respondents were less employment facing
these difficulties in this sector. 30 % of the respondents were working in more time this sector. 7 % of the
respondents were pressures in this working sector. 2 %of the respondents were not facing any difficulties in
this work sector.
⢠Supportive business: It is found that 67 % of the respondents were doing supportive business. It is
found that, 17 %of the respondent were Selling Domestic Animal (Goat) and Income of supportive
Business Per month Rs.500-1000. 19 %of the respondents were selling vegetable and Income of supportive
Business per monthRs.1001-1500. 23 % of the respondent were Selling Domestic Animal (Hen) and
Income of supportive Business Per month Rs1501-2000. 4 %of the respondents were doing other work and
Income of supportive Business per month Rs. Above 2000.
⢠Hours of work: It is also found that, 41 % of the respondents were working in the 12 hours on her life.29 %
of the respondent were working in the 10 hours on her life.25% of the respondent were working in the 8
hours on her life.
⢠The condition on the job setup: It is also found that, 72 % of the respondents were good condition on the
job setup. 18 % of the respondents were better condition of the job setup. 7 % of the respondents were ok
condition on the job set up.
⢠Wife Helping their Husband in their Work: It is also found that, 53 % of the respondents helping their
Husband because need of money 19 % of the respondents helping their Husband because Full fill needs of
family and working together.
⢠Condition of Female worker with men worker: It is also found that, 19 % of the respondents were good
towards the female workers. 48 % of the respondents were better towards the female workers.33 percent
respondents were ok towards the female workers.
⢠Customs and tradition: It also found that, 86 % of the respondents were giving the importance to the
customs and tradition. 14 % of the respondents were not giving the importance to the customs and tradition.
⢠Women involve in family decision: It also found that, 43 % of the respondents were woman involve to
domestic purpose in decision making in family. Very few recent respondents were involving education and
financial purpose.
⢠Difficulties of Women: It also found that, 32 % of the respondents were womanâs facing no freedom to
walk in society.18 % of the respondents were womanâs facing social pressure in family.6 % of the
respondents were woman No freedom in job in family.
⢠Changes: It also found that, 97 % of the respondents were changes in their living Style. 3 %of the
respondents were not having changes in their living style.
⢠It also found that, 30% of the respondents were changes in our living style in impact of the media. 33 % of
the respondents were changes in our living style in impact of the moderations. 13 % of the respondents
were changes in our living style in impact of the education
Follow the Rules of society: It is found that, 92 % of the respondents were Following the Rules of society.
8 % of the respondents were not following the rules of the society
⢠Women facing the society difficulties: It is found that, 43 % of the woman respondents were facing job
problem in society. 35 % of the woman respondents were facing no freedom to walk in society. 15 % of the
woman respondents were social pressure in society. 4 % of the woman respondents were no freedom in job
in society. 3 % of the woman respondents were facing all difficulties in society.
⢠Education: It is found that, 83 percent of the respondents were going to school. 17 percent of the
respondents were not going to school.
⢠It is also found that, 67 % of the respondents were going to Marathi medium school. 12 % of the
respondents were going to English medium school.3 percent respondents were going to Govt. school.
⢠Economic development: Education is the important instrument of the economic development 81 % of the
respondents said that education is the important instrument of the economic development. 19 % of the
respondents were not giving answers.
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⢠Awareness of Government policies: It is found that, 67 % of the respondents were awareness about the
government policies. 33%of the respondents were not aware about government policies.
⢠Social Development programmes: It also found that, 47 % of the respondents were Organizationing the
programmed of the improvement the Vadar community situation. 27 % of the respondents were the
awareness programmed of the improvement the Vadar community situation.22 % of the respondents were
the get together programmed of the improvement the Vadar community situation.5 % of the respondents
were the all programmed of the improvement the Vadar community situation.
⢠Developmental Role of Vadar community: It also found that, 40 % of the respondents were social
movement. 34 % of the respondents was arranged the programmed. 15 % of the respondents were help the
economic .11 % of the respondents were all try in community.
⢠Improvement of the Vadar community: It is found that, 47%of the respondents were establishing the
organization to improve the Vadar community situation. 27% of the respondents were getting awareness of
all types and improve the Vadar community situation. 21 % of the respondents were celebrating get
together and discuses the problem in Vadar community.
⢠Social worker in Vadar community: It is found that 62 % of the respondents told that there were social
workers in Vadar community. 38 % of the respondents told that there were not any social workers in Vadar
community.
⢠Government role: It is found that, 82% of the respondents said that role of the government to improvement
the Vadar community status. 18%of the respondents were not taking proper action to the government to the
improvement the Vadar community status.
⢠Inter-Sub Caste Marriage: It is found that, 31 % of the respondents were not married in Inter-Sub Caste
Marriage. 69 % of the respondents were married in Inter-Sub Caste Marriage.
⢠It is found that, 18 % of the respondents were not allowed inter sub-caste marriage. 11 % of the respondents
were Not Value in Society on married in inter sub-caste marriage. Very few percent respondents were not
need to married in inter sub- caste marriage
⢠Marriage celebrated: It is found that, 50%of the respondents were celebrating in traditional fashion. 31%
of the respondents were celebrating in new fashion. 19 % of the respondents were celebrating both.
⢠Get dowry: It is found that, 40 % of the respondents were not giving the dowry because following the old
system. 20% of the respondents were giving the dowry because Give the money in bride.32 % of the
respondents was Follow the old system
⢠Celebrated in festival: It is found that, 41% of the respondents were celebrating the hanuman jayati. 28
%of the respondents were celebrating Laximidevi yatra. 13% of the respondents were celebrating Sidganath
yatra .6%of the respondents were celebrating Masoba Yatra.
⢠Food Consumption: It is found that, 47 % of the respondents were non-vegetarian. 25 % of the
respondents were Vegetarian.28 % of the respondents were both type of Food Consumption
⢠It is found that, 37 % of the respondents were non-vegetarian means his like fish. 7 % of the respondents
were non-vegetarian means his like meat .3 % of the respondents were food consumption of other types of
meat.
⢠Addiction: It is found that, 67 %of the respondents were addict habit. 33 % of the respondents were not
addicted habit.
⢠It is found that, 33 % of the respondents were drinker. 25% of the respondents were Addict in tobacco. 8 %
of the respondents were smoking in Cigarette.2%of the respondent were smoking Bedi [tobacco].
ďˇ Effect on health: It is found that, 43 % of the respondent knew Disability, Ect. 16% of the respondent knew
Chronicle Diseases different illness.13 % of the respondent knew Seasonal Diseases illness.
⢠It is found that the 62% of the respondent were going to thePrimary health care and 21% of respondents
were going to the Govt. hospital, 15 % of respondents were going to priest and very few respondents were
going to the private hospital.
⢠Awareness of the health: It is found that, 72 % of the respondents were aware of the new different illness.
28 % of the respondents were not aware of the new different illness. 43% of the respondents were not going
to the Primary health care and 20 % respondents were going to the Primary health care .15% of
respondents were not going to the Govt. hospitals, 12 % of respondents were not going to hospitals and 3%
respondents were going to the priest and very few respondents were going to the private hospitals.
⢠Health camp: It is found that the respondent were 39% of the Political leader were organizing health camp
in your society. 24% of the Municipal Corporation was organizing health camp in your society. 15% of the
Social N.G.O was organizing health camp in your society. . 21% of the other people were organizing
health camp in your society
⢠Land ownership: It is found that, 60% respondents were having land. 40% of the respondents were not
having land. 23 % of the respondents were having land between 1 to 5 acre Bagayat. 11 % of the
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respondents were having land of 5 to 10acre Girayati. 3% of the respondents were having land of 10 to
15acre Padik. 3%of the respondents were having land of above 15 acres.
⢠Cropping pattern: It is found that, 3 % of the respondents were taking Javari crops in farm. 6 % of the
respondents were taking wheat crops in farm. 2 % of the respondents were taking Millett crop in farm. 4 %
of the respondents were taking sugar crop in farm. 2 % of the respondents were taking sun flower crop in
farm. 19 % of the respondents were taking rice in fain farm. 3 % of the respondents were taking other type
of crops in farm.
⢠Livestock: It is found that, 13 %of the respondents were having donkeys as livestock. 19 % of the
respondents were having bedfellows as livestockâs and 12 %of the respondents were not having any live
stock. 20 % of the respondents were goatâs livestock.13 % of the respondents was having hen livestock and
11 % of the respondents were Pig live stock. 13 % of the respondents were having other livestock.
VI. Conclusion
⢠Vadar community peoples were mostly illiterate and the level of education amongst the literate parents was
to secondary school education only.
⢠Vadar community peoples were carrying good opinion about the attitude of working Vadar woman.
⢠Vadar community was expert in building structure for Vadar management in the ancient time they built
wells ponds, dames, canals for storage & big bungalows supply of weaker but todayâs Lack of the
traditional work. There for finish the identity of the Vadar community.
⢠The peoples of Vadar community were not well aware about their health. Because of lack of awareness
about health issues, they were not able to prevent diseases.
⢠The peoples of Vadar community spend their money to celebrate the religious festivals whether they have
to take money on loan.
⢠The impact of the modernization on the religion, customs and traditional work of the Vadar Community.
⢠Major impact of the Vadar Community population facing in the shape of loss of identity through the
establishment of industries that brings in development in the technology and its concurrent side -effects.
VII. Suggestions:
⢠Necessary Health, Education and Employment facilities are to be created by Government by early making
funds by long-term planning.
⢠The vocational training should provide long term & short-term courses to develop skills & knowledge in
Vadar community people.
⢠Special attention needs to should be given to the Vadar community women and children.
⢠Important role of the government is to improve the stats Vadar community.
⢠Government should have a long-term plan for improvement of the Socio-economic status of the Vadar
community.
⢠Awareness amongst the Vadar community women needs to be created by Government for improvement of
their status.
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