In Vehicular Communication, the security system against the attacker is very important. Sybil attacks have been regarded as a serious security threat to ad hoc networks and sensor networks. It is an attack in which an original identity of the vehicle is corrupted or theft by an attacker to creates multiple fake identities. Detecting such type of attacker and the original vehicle is a challenging task in VANET. This survey paper briefly presents various Sybil attack detection mechanism in VANET.
Compared to wired networks, Ad hoc networks are more vulnerable to security attacks
due to the lack of trusted centralized authority, lack of trust relationships between nodes. This paper
focuses on Sybil attack and its detection. A malicious node can generate and control a large number
of logical identities on a single device. This gives the illusion to network as these are different
legitimate nodes. An algorithm is proposed using position verification to detect the Sybil attack. The
algorithm is implemented in Network Simulator and the throughput, and packet delivery ratio with
and without Sybil attack.
A Lightweight Algorithm for Detecting Sybil Attack in Mobile Wireless Sensor ...Editor IJCATR
Considering the application of wireless sensor networks in critical area, such as battlefields, establishing security in these
networks is of utmost importance. One of the most serious and dangerous attack against these networks is Sybil attack. In this attack, a
malicious hostile node creates multiple fake identities simultaneously. This misleads legitimate nodes and, by mistake, they assume
each of these identifiers as real separate nodes. In this attack, malicious hostile node attracts so heavy traffic that can dramatically
disrupt routing protocols which has devastating effects on the network functions such as data integration, voting, and resource
allocation. The current research proposes a new lightweight algorithm for detecting Sybil attack in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
using sink nodes. The proposed algorithm is implemented to be assessed in terms of detection and error rates efficiency in a series of
experiments. Comparison of the experiment results with the results of other available algorithms revealed optimal performance of the
proposed algorithm.
A Study of Sybil and Temporal Attacks in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Types, Ch...Editor IJCATR
In recent years, the number of automobiles on the road has increased tremendously. Due to high density and mobility of vehicles,
possible threats and road accidents are increasing. Wireless communication allows sending safety and other critical information. Due to this
inherent wireless characteristic and periodic exchange of safety packets, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is vulnerable to number of
security threats like Sybil attack or temporal attack. In this paper, a detailed discussion has been done on both the type of attacks. With the
help of already published works, some approaches have also been studied which have proved to be of significance in detection of these
attacks.
Security attacks and solutions in vehicular ad hoc networks a surveypijans
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) have emerged recently as one of the most attractive topics for
researchers and automotive industries due to their tremendous potential to improve traffic safety, efficiency
and other added services. However, VANETs are themselves vulnerable against attacks that can directly
lead to the corruption of networks and then possibly provoke big losses of time, money, and even lives. This
paper presents a survey of VANETs attacks and solutions in carefully considering other similar works as
well as updating new attacks and categorizing them into different classes.
EFFICIENT DETECTION OF SYBIL ATTACK BASED ON CRYPTOGRAPHY IN VANETIJNSA Journal
Vehicular communications play a substantial role in providing safety transportation by means of safety message exchange. Researchers have proposed several solutions for securing safety messages. Protocols based on a fixed key infrastructure are more efficient in implementation and maintain stronger security in comparison with dynamic structures. The purpose of this paper present a method based on a fixed key infrastructure for detection impersonation attack, in other words, Sybil attack, in the vehicular ad hoc network. This attack, puts a great impact on performance of the network. The proposed method, using an cryptography mechanism to detection Sybil attack. Finally, using Mat lab simulator the results of this approach are reviewed, This method it has low delay for detection Sybil attack, because most operations are done in Certification Authority, so this proposed schema is a efficient method for detection Sybil attack.
VANET Security against Sybil Attack by Using New SRAN Routing ProtocolEditor IJCATR
A VANET facilitates communicate between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
is a sub type of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network i.e. MANET. Now days, road traffic activities are one of the most important daily routines
worldwide. VANET provides you most of information that are required for better safety and driving such as an accurate weather
description or early warnings of upcoming dangers. To successfully deploy VANET, security is one of the major challenges such as
protection from selfish vehicles that may block or mess traffic, bogus notifications etc. that may harm and losses lives, that must be
addressed. Sybil attacks have become a serious threat as they can affect the functionality of VANETs for the benefit of the attacker.
The Sybil attack is the case where a single faulty entity, called a malicious node, can create multiple identities known as Sybil nodes or
fake nodes. This project detects and prevents the Sybil attack using “Secure Routing for Ad Hoc Network” (SRAN) routing protocol.
SRAN is based on AODV protocol. In our proposed work, we have developed SRAN protocol to maintain routing information and
route discovery in such manner that will detect as well as prevent Sybil Attack. Each node will have a unique identity and their entry in
route table. SRAN Protocol easily detects such route that is not valid anymore for communication. It deletes all the related entries from
the routing table for those invalid routes
Compared to wired networks, Ad hoc networks are more vulnerable to security attacks
due to the lack of trusted centralized authority, lack of trust relationships between nodes. This paper
focuses on Sybil attack and its detection. A malicious node can generate and control a large number
of logical identities on a single device. This gives the illusion to network as these are different
legitimate nodes. An algorithm is proposed using position verification to detect the Sybil attack. The
algorithm is implemented in Network Simulator and the throughput, and packet delivery ratio with
and without Sybil attack.
A Lightweight Algorithm for Detecting Sybil Attack in Mobile Wireless Sensor ...Editor IJCATR
Considering the application of wireless sensor networks in critical area, such as battlefields, establishing security in these
networks is of utmost importance. One of the most serious and dangerous attack against these networks is Sybil attack. In this attack, a
malicious hostile node creates multiple fake identities simultaneously. This misleads legitimate nodes and, by mistake, they assume
each of these identifiers as real separate nodes. In this attack, malicious hostile node attracts so heavy traffic that can dramatically
disrupt routing protocols which has devastating effects on the network functions such as data integration, voting, and resource
allocation. The current research proposes a new lightweight algorithm for detecting Sybil attack in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
using sink nodes. The proposed algorithm is implemented to be assessed in terms of detection and error rates efficiency in a series of
experiments. Comparison of the experiment results with the results of other available algorithms revealed optimal performance of the
proposed algorithm.
A Study of Sybil and Temporal Attacks in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Types, Ch...Editor IJCATR
In recent years, the number of automobiles on the road has increased tremendously. Due to high density and mobility of vehicles,
possible threats and road accidents are increasing. Wireless communication allows sending safety and other critical information. Due to this
inherent wireless characteristic and periodic exchange of safety packets, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is vulnerable to number of
security threats like Sybil attack or temporal attack. In this paper, a detailed discussion has been done on both the type of attacks. With the
help of already published works, some approaches have also been studied which have proved to be of significance in detection of these
attacks.
Security attacks and solutions in vehicular ad hoc networks a surveypijans
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) have emerged recently as one of the most attractive topics for
researchers and automotive industries due to their tremendous potential to improve traffic safety, efficiency
and other added services. However, VANETs are themselves vulnerable against attacks that can directly
lead to the corruption of networks and then possibly provoke big losses of time, money, and even lives. This
paper presents a survey of VANETs attacks and solutions in carefully considering other similar works as
well as updating new attacks and categorizing them into different classes.
EFFICIENT DETECTION OF SYBIL ATTACK BASED ON CRYPTOGRAPHY IN VANETIJNSA Journal
Vehicular communications play a substantial role in providing safety transportation by means of safety message exchange. Researchers have proposed several solutions for securing safety messages. Protocols based on a fixed key infrastructure are more efficient in implementation and maintain stronger security in comparison with dynamic structures. The purpose of this paper present a method based on a fixed key infrastructure for detection impersonation attack, in other words, Sybil attack, in the vehicular ad hoc network. This attack, puts a great impact on performance of the network. The proposed method, using an cryptography mechanism to detection Sybil attack. Finally, using Mat lab simulator the results of this approach are reviewed, This method it has low delay for detection Sybil attack, because most operations are done in Certification Authority, so this proposed schema is a efficient method for detection Sybil attack.
VANET Security against Sybil Attack by Using New SRAN Routing ProtocolEditor IJCATR
A VANET facilitates communicate between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
is a sub type of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network i.e. MANET. Now days, road traffic activities are one of the most important daily routines
worldwide. VANET provides you most of information that are required for better safety and driving such as an accurate weather
description or early warnings of upcoming dangers. To successfully deploy VANET, security is one of the major challenges such as
protection from selfish vehicles that may block or mess traffic, bogus notifications etc. that may harm and losses lives, that must be
addressed. Sybil attacks have become a serious threat as they can affect the functionality of VANETs for the benefit of the attacker.
The Sybil attack is the case where a single faulty entity, called a malicious node, can create multiple identities known as Sybil nodes or
fake nodes. This project detects and prevents the Sybil attack using “Secure Routing for Ad Hoc Network” (SRAN) routing protocol.
SRAN is based on AODV protocol. In our proposed work, we have developed SRAN protocol to maintain routing information and
route discovery in such manner that will detect as well as prevent Sybil Attack. Each node will have a unique identity and their entry in
route table. SRAN Protocol easily detects such route that is not valid anymore for communication. It deletes all the related entries from
the routing table for those invalid routes
An Integrated Multi-level Security Model for Malicious Attacks Resiliency in ...Dr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
Road accident and traffic congestion are global issues faced by many countries around the world. Road accident led to fatalities and injuries, while traffic congestion led to inconvenient driving and fuel energy wastage. Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), as part of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), has the ability to provide safety and non-safety applications to users on roads for safe, reliable and comfort driving. In this paper, propose an integrated multi-level Security model and core purpose of this model is to provide the resiliency against malicious attack and aim to reduce incidents of road accidents, as well as to ease traffic congestion.
An Enhanced Approach to Avoid Black hole Attack in Mobile Ad hoc Networks usi...ijsrd.com
A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is very receptive to security attacks due to its open medium, dynamically changing network topology, lack of centralized monitoring. These vulnerabilities are nature of MANET structure that cannot be removed. As a consequence, attacks with malicious intent have been and will be devised to exploit these vulnerabilities and to cripple MANET operations. One of the well known attack on the MANET is the Black Hole attack which is most common in the ondemand routing protocols such as AODV. A black hole attack refers to an attack by a malicious node, which forcibly gains the route from a source to a destination by the falsification of sequence number and hop count of the routing message. This paper represents an enhanced AOMDV routing protocol for avoiding black hole attack in MANET. This routing protocol uses Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) to form link disjoint multi-path during path discovery to provide better path selection in order to avoid malicious nodes in the path using legitimacy table maintained by each node in the network. Nonmalicious nodes steadily isolate the black hole nodes based on the values collected in their legitimacy table and avoid them while making path between source and destination. The effectiveness of our approach is illustrated by simulations conducted using network simulator ns-2.34.
A comparitive study of efficient anonymous routing protocols in maneteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
A Review of Network Layer Attacks and Countermeasures in WSNiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Denial of Service (DOS) Attack and Its Possible Solutions in VANETDr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
In this
respect, the network availability is exposed to many types of attacks.
In this paper, Denial of Service (DOS) attack on network availability
is presented and its severity level in VANET environment is
elaborated. A model to secure the VANET from the DOS attacks has been developed and some possible solutions to overcome the attacks have been discussed.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are based on network technology where cars act as mobile nodes to form a communication network. In VANETs, routing protocols have a significance regarding the overall network performance since they determine the way of sending and receiving packets between mobile nodes. Most of the protocols proposed for VANETs are adapted from Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) routing protocols. However, due to the specific characteristics of VANETs, especially high mobility, and dynamic topology, the routing protocols in ad hoc networks do not adapt immediately to VANETs. Therefore, secure routing of Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) against attacks, which are of various types, is still a challenging issue. This paper is going to present a synthesis of the most relevant protocols that have addressed the secure routing issue in VANETs. It also establishes a comparison regarding the offered features and the studied performance aspects through which it is notified that a security mechanism depends not only on the level of efficiency but also on the network constraints.
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has come out as an important research field over the last few years. VANETs are the likely an influencing approach to provide safety of driver and other applications for the traffic conditions as well as passengers. Being dynamic in nature, it establishes the network, according to the situation and need of the users and provides reliable communication among the vehicles. Due to its great benefits, it is highly vulnerable to various attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security attacks between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Many research works have been done to improve the performance and security of this network. The main aim of this paper is the security using hashing and techniques to calculate the trust in VANETs.
VANET is next generation vehicular network and
its applications will be play key to safe human life while journey
on highway. Security is one of the key prominent factors for
implement VANET in real environment.In this survey paper, discuss in detail the various computing methods and illustrate the relationship with vehicular network. Using these computing
methods to secure the vehicular network from attackers and
attacks.
An ids scheme against black hole attack to secure aomdv routing in manet pijans
In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) all the nodes are freely moves in the absence of without ant
centralized coordination system. Due to that the attackers or malicious nodes are easily affected that kind
of network and responsible for the routing misbehavior. The routing is network is mandatory to deliver
data in between source and destination. In this research we work on security field in MANET and proposed
a novel security scheme against routing misbehavior through Black hole attack. The Ad hoc On demand
Multipath Routing (AOMDV) protocol is consider for routing and also to improves the routing quality as
compare to single path routing protocol. The attacker is affected all the possible paths that is selected by
sender for sending data in network. The malicious nodes are forward optimistic reply at the time of routing
by that their identification is also a complex procedure. The proposed Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
scheme is identified the attacker information through hop count mechanism. The routing information of
actual data is reached to which intermediate node and the next hop information is exist at that node is
confirm by IDS scheme. The black hole attacker node Identification (ID) is forward in network by that in
future attacker is not participating in routing procedure. The proposed security scheme detects and
provides the deterrence against routing misbehavior through malicious attack. Here we compare the
routing performance of AOMDV, Attack and IDS scheme. The performance of normal multipath routing
and proposed IDS scheme is almost equal. The attacker has degrades the whole routing performance but
observed that in presence of attacker, routing misbehavior is completely block by the proposed IDS scheme
and recovers 95 % of data as compare to normal routing.
NTRUSION D ETECTION S YSTEMS IN M OBILE A D H OC N ETWORKS : S TATE OF ...ijcsa
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are more vulnerable
to different attacks. Prevention methods as
cryptographic techniques alone are not sufficient t
o make them secure; therefore, efficient intrusion
detection must be deployed and elaborated to facili
tate the identification of attacks. An Intrusion De
tection
System (IDS) aims to detect malicious and selfish n
odes in a network. The intrusion detection methods
used
normally for wired networks can no longer adequate
when adapted directly to a wireless ad-hoc network,
so existing techniques of intrusion detection have
to be changed and new techniques have to be determi
ned
to work efficiency and effectively in this new netw
ork architecture of MANETs. In this paper we give a
survey of different architectures and methods of in
trusion detection systems (IDSs) for MANETs
accordingly to the recent literature.
Towards Improving Security in VANET: Some New Possible Attacks and their Poss...Dr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
in this slide, it will discuss two new types of attacks which are called road side traffic signal attack and also Internet attack in vehicular network. The authors will explain an attacker‟s behaviour and how he/she will launch an attack on a road side traffic signal and Internet services and create problems for other users of network. Through different scenarios, it will explain the
effect of these attacks on other components of network.
Proposal: An Efficient Security and Privacy Scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Vehicles in a vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) broadcast information about the driving environment in the road. Due to the open-access environment, this means that the VANET is susceptible to security and privacy issues. However, none of the related works satisfies all security and privacy requirements. Besides, their proposed has huge overhead in terms of computation and communication. To address the above issues, we will propose the security and privacy scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and one secure hash function. Hence the reliability of each message being signed and checked has been improved. The main aim of this work is to satisfy all aspect requirements of security and privacy and reduce the computational complexity of the system.
Survey on VSPN: VANET-Based Secure and Privacy-Preserving NavigationIJERA Editor
VANET provide facility for the vehicles on roads to communicate for driving safety. The basic idea is to allow arbitrary vehicles to broadcast ad hoc messages to other vehicles. However, this raises the issue of security and privacy. Here, we have described various existing solutions/protocols that are used in order to satisfy the security and privacy requirement of the vehicular ad hoc network. We have also described security issues and challenges in VANET. We have presented various security attributes that may be considered as criteria to measure security such as availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation. This paper also give the detail information of some of the schemes such as RAISE ,IBV with their pros and cons.
A review on various security attacks in vehicular ad hoc networksjournalBEEI
Ad hoc vehicle networks (VANET) are being established as a primary form of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) and a critical infrastructure to provide vehicle passengers with a wide range of safety applications. VANETs are increasingly common nowadays because it is connecting to a wide range of invisible services. The security of VANETs is paramount as their future use must not jeopardize their users' safety and privacy. The security of these VANETs is essential for the benefit of secure and effective security solutions and facilities, and uncertainty remains, and research in this field remains fast increasing. We discussed the challenges in VANET in this survey. Were vehicles and communication in VANET are efficient to ensure communication between vehicles to vehicles (V2V), vehicles to infrastructures (V2I). Clarified security concerns have been discussed, including confidentiality, authentication, integrity, availableness, and non-repudiation. We have also discussed the potential attacks on security services. According to analysis and performance evaluations, this paper shows that the ACPN is both feasible and appropriate for effective authentication in the VANET. Finally, the article found that in VANETs, encryption and authentication are critical.
Dear Student,
DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS is one of the Hardware Training and Software Development centre available in
Trichy. Pioneer in corporate training, DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS provides training in all software
development and IT-related courses, such as Embedded Systems, VLSI, MATLAB, JAVA, J2EE, CIVIL,
Power Electronics, and Power Systems. It’s certified and experienced faculty members have the
competence to train students, provide consultancy to organizations, and develop strategic
solutions for clients by integrating existing and emerging technologies.
ADD: No:73/5, 3rd Floor, Sri Kamatchi Complex, Opp City Hospital, Salai Road, Trichy-18
Contact @ 7200021403/04
phone: 0431-4050403
An Integrated Multi-level Security Model for Malicious Attacks Resiliency in ...Dr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
Road accident and traffic congestion are global issues faced by many countries around the world. Road accident led to fatalities and injuries, while traffic congestion led to inconvenient driving and fuel energy wastage. Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), as part of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), has the ability to provide safety and non-safety applications to users on roads for safe, reliable and comfort driving. In this paper, propose an integrated multi-level Security model and core purpose of this model is to provide the resiliency against malicious attack and aim to reduce incidents of road accidents, as well as to ease traffic congestion.
An Enhanced Approach to Avoid Black hole Attack in Mobile Ad hoc Networks usi...ijsrd.com
A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is very receptive to security attacks due to its open medium, dynamically changing network topology, lack of centralized monitoring. These vulnerabilities are nature of MANET structure that cannot be removed. As a consequence, attacks with malicious intent have been and will be devised to exploit these vulnerabilities and to cripple MANET operations. One of the well known attack on the MANET is the Black Hole attack which is most common in the ondemand routing protocols such as AODV. A black hole attack refers to an attack by a malicious node, which forcibly gains the route from a source to a destination by the falsification of sequence number and hop count of the routing message. This paper represents an enhanced AOMDV routing protocol for avoiding black hole attack in MANET. This routing protocol uses Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) to form link disjoint multi-path during path discovery to provide better path selection in order to avoid malicious nodes in the path using legitimacy table maintained by each node in the network. Nonmalicious nodes steadily isolate the black hole nodes based on the values collected in their legitimacy table and avoid them while making path between source and destination. The effectiveness of our approach is illustrated by simulations conducted using network simulator ns-2.34.
A comparitive study of efficient anonymous routing protocols in maneteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
A Review of Network Layer Attacks and Countermeasures in WSNiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Denial of Service (DOS) Attack and Its Possible Solutions in VANETDr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
In this
respect, the network availability is exposed to many types of attacks.
In this paper, Denial of Service (DOS) attack on network availability
is presented and its severity level in VANET environment is
elaborated. A model to secure the VANET from the DOS attacks has been developed and some possible solutions to overcome the attacks have been discussed.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are based on network technology where cars act as mobile nodes to form a communication network. In VANETs, routing protocols have a significance regarding the overall network performance since they determine the way of sending and receiving packets between mobile nodes. Most of the protocols proposed for VANETs are adapted from Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) routing protocols. However, due to the specific characteristics of VANETs, especially high mobility, and dynamic topology, the routing protocols in ad hoc networks do not adapt immediately to VANETs. Therefore, secure routing of Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) against attacks, which are of various types, is still a challenging issue. This paper is going to present a synthesis of the most relevant protocols that have addressed the secure routing issue in VANETs. It also establishes a comparison regarding the offered features and the studied performance aspects through which it is notified that a security mechanism depends not only on the level of efficiency but also on the network constraints.
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has come out as an important research field over the last few years. VANETs are the likely an influencing approach to provide safety of driver and other applications for the traffic conditions as well as passengers. Being dynamic in nature, it establishes the network, according to the situation and need of the users and provides reliable communication among the vehicles. Due to its great benefits, it is highly vulnerable to various attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security attacks between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Many research works have been done to improve the performance and security of this network. The main aim of this paper is the security using hashing and techniques to calculate the trust in VANETs.
VANET is next generation vehicular network and
its applications will be play key to safe human life while journey
on highway. Security is one of the key prominent factors for
implement VANET in real environment.In this survey paper, discuss in detail the various computing methods and illustrate the relationship with vehicular network. Using these computing
methods to secure the vehicular network from attackers and
attacks.
An ids scheme against black hole attack to secure aomdv routing in manet pijans
In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) all the nodes are freely moves in the absence of without ant
centralized coordination system. Due to that the attackers or malicious nodes are easily affected that kind
of network and responsible for the routing misbehavior. The routing is network is mandatory to deliver
data in between source and destination. In this research we work on security field in MANET and proposed
a novel security scheme against routing misbehavior through Black hole attack. The Ad hoc On demand
Multipath Routing (AOMDV) protocol is consider for routing and also to improves the routing quality as
compare to single path routing protocol. The attacker is affected all the possible paths that is selected by
sender for sending data in network. The malicious nodes are forward optimistic reply at the time of routing
by that their identification is also a complex procedure. The proposed Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
scheme is identified the attacker information through hop count mechanism. The routing information of
actual data is reached to which intermediate node and the next hop information is exist at that node is
confirm by IDS scheme. The black hole attacker node Identification (ID) is forward in network by that in
future attacker is not participating in routing procedure. The proposed security scheme detects and
provides the deterrence against routing misbehavior through malicious attack. Here we compare the
routing performance of AOMDV, Attack and IDS scheme. The performance of normal multipath routing
and proposed IDS scheme is almost equal. The attacker has degrades the whole routing performance but
observed that in presence of attacker, routing misbehavior is completely block by the proposed IDS scheme
and recovers 95 % of data as compare to normal routing.
NTRUSION D ETECTION S YSTEMS IN M OBILE A D H OC N ETWORKS : S TATE OF ...ijcsa
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are more vulnerable
to different attacks. Prevention methods as
cryptographic techniques alone are not sufficient t
o make them secure; therefore, efficient intrusion
detection must be deployed and elaborated to facili
tate the identification of attacks. An Intrusion De
tection
System (IDS) aims to detect malicious and selfish n
odes in a network. The intrusion detection methods
used
normally for wired networks can no longer adequate
when adapted directly to a wireless ad-hoc network,
so existing techniques of intrusion detection have
to be changed and new techniques have to be determi
ned
to work efficiency and effectively in this new netw
ork architecture of MANETs. In this paper we give a
survey of different architectures and methods of in
trusion detection systems (IDSs) for MANETs
accordingly to the recent literature.
Towards Improving Security in VANET: Some New Possible Attacks and their Poss...Dr.Irshad Ahmed Sumra
in this slide, it will discuss two new types of attacks which are called road side traffic signal attack and also Internet attack in vehicular network. The authors will explain an attacker‟s behaviour and how he/she will launch an attack on a road side traffic signal and Internet services and create problems for other users of network. Through different scenarios, it will explain the
effect of these attacks on other components of network.
Proposal: An Efficient Security and Privacy Scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Vehicles in a vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) broadcast information about the driving environment in the road. Due to the open-access environment, this means that the VANET is susceptible to security and privacy issues. However, none of the related works satisfies all security and privacy requirements. Besides, their proposed has huge overhead in terms of computation and communication. To address the above issues, we will propose the security and privacy scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and one secure hash function. Hence the reliability of each message being signed and checked has been improved. The main aim of this work is to satisfy all aspect requirements of security and privacy and reduce the computational complexity of the system.
Survey on VSPN: VANET-Based Secure and Privacy-Preserving NavigationIJERA Editor
VANET provide facility for the vehicles on roads to communicate for driving safety. The basic idea is to allow arbitrary vehicles to broadcast ad hoc messages to other vehicles. However, this raises the issue of security and privacy. Here, we have described various existing solutions/protocols that are used in order to satisfy the security and privacy requirement of the vehicular ad hoc network. We have also described security issues and challenges in VANET. We have presented various security attributes that may be considered as criteria to measure security such as availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation. This paper also give the detail information of some of the schemes such as RAISE ,IBV with their pros and cons.
A review on various security attacks in vehicular ad hoc networksjournalBEEI
Ad hoc vehicle networks (VANET) are being established as a primary form of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) and a critical infrastructure to provide vehicle passengers with a wide range of safety applications. VANETs are increasingly common nowadays because it is connecting to a wide range of invisible services. The security of VANETs is paramount as their future use must not jeopardize their users' safety and privacy. The security of these VANETs is essential for the benefit of secure and effective security solutions and facilities, and uncertainty remains, and research in this field remains fast increasing. We discussed the challenges in VANET in this survey. Were vehicles and communication in VANET are efficient to ensure communication between vehicles to vehicles (V2V), vehicles to infrastructures (V2I). Clarified security concerns have been discussed, including confidentiality, authentication, integrity, availableness, and non-repudiation. We have also discussed the potential attacks on security services. According to analysis and performance evaluations, this paper shows that the ACPN is both feasible and appropriate for effective authentication in the VANET. Finally, the article found that in VANETs, encryption and authentication are critical.
Dear Student,
DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS is one of the Hardware Training and Software Development centre available in
Trichy. Pioneer in corporate training, DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS provides training in all software
development and IT-related courses, such as Embedded Systems, VLSI, MATLAB, JAVA, J2EE, CIVIL,
Power Electronics, and Power Systems. It’s certified and experienced faculty members have the
competence to train students, provide consultancy to organizations, and develop strategic
solutions for clients by integrating existing and emerging technologies.
ADD: No:73/5, 3rd Floor, Sri Kamatchi Complex, Opp City Hospital, Salai Road, Trichy-18
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REAL-TIME INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR BIG DATAijp2p
The objective of the proposed system is to integrate the high volume of data along with the important
considerations like monitoring a wide array of heterogeneous security. When a real time cyber attack
occurred, the Intrusion Detection System automatically store the log in distributed environment and
monitor the log with existing intrusion dictionary. At the same time the system will check and categorize the
severity of the log to high, medium, and low respectively. After the categorization, the system will
automatically take necessary action against the user-unit with respect to the severity of the log. The
advantage of the system is that it utilize anomaly detection, evaluates data and issue alert message or
reports based on abnormal behaviour.
Internet of Things means every household or handy device which is used to make our world easy and better and connected with IP which transmit some data.
This slide covers IOT description, OWASP Top 10 2014 & its recommendations.
A Novel Sybil Attack Detection Mechanism in Urban Vehicular NetworksIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
SYBIL ATTACK ON LOWEST ID CLUSTERING ALGORITHM IN THE MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKIJNSA Journal
It is quite a challenging task to achieve security in a mobile ad hoc network because of its open nature, dynamically changing topology, lack of infrastructure and central management. A particular harmful attack that takes the advantage of these characteristics is the Sybil attack, in which a malicious node
illegitimately claims multiple identities. This attack can exceedingly disrupt various operations of the mobile ad hoc networks such as data aggregation, voting, fair resource allocation scheme, misbehavior detection and routing mechanisms etc. Two routing mechanisms known to be vulnerable to the Sybil attack in the mobile ad hoc networks are multi-path routing and geographic routing. In addition to these
routing protocols, we show in this paper that the Sybil attack can also disrupt the head selection mechanism of the lowest ID cluster-based routing protocol. To the best of our knowledge, this is for the first time that a Sybil attack is shown to disrupt this cluster based routing protocol. To achieve this, we
illustrate to have introduced a category of Sybil attack in which the malicious node varies its transmission power to create a number of virtual illegitimate nodes called Sybil nodes, for the purpose of
communication with legitimate nodes of the Mobile Ad Hoc Network. The variation in the transmission power makes the Sybil attack more deadly and difficult to be detected.
Enhanced Conditional Privacy Preservation In VANETsIJERDJOURNAL
Abstract:- The Vehicle drivers (users) do not want their personal information such as vehicle names, license plate, speed, positions, moving routes, and user information to be revealed, in order to protect them against any illegal tracing or user profiling. Thus, this information must be protected from any kind of misuse or attacks. For this the obscurity of vehicular nodes should be supported to preserve privacy of vehicles and their users. Also, we should be able to investigate for accidents or liabilities from non-repudiation. Hence, we present an enhanced conditional privacy preservation scheme for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). This scheme includes an ID-based cryptosystem to assure user's obscurity using pseudonyms; however the model provides a backdoor for authorities to track misbehaving and suspicious users
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are based on network technology where cars act as mobile nodes to form a communication network. In VANETs, routing protocols have a significance regarding the overall network performance since they determine the way of sending and receiving packets between mobile nodes. Most of the protocols proposed for VANETs are adapted from Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) routing protocols. However, due to the specific characteristics of VANETs, especially high mobility, and dynamic topology, the routing protocols in ad hoc networks do not adapt immediately to VANETs. Therefore, secure routing of Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) against attacks, which are of various types, is still a challenging issue. This paper is going to present a synthesis of the most relevant protocols that have addressed the secure routing issue in VANETs. It also establishes a comparison regarding the offered features and the studied performance aspects through which it is notified that a security mechanism depends not only on the level of efficiency but also on the network constraints.
VANET Security against Sybil Attack by Using New SRAN Routing ProtocolEditor IJCATR
A VANET facilitates communicate between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
is a sub type of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network i.e. MANET. Now days, road traffic activities are one of the most important daily routines
worldwide. VANET provides you most of information that are required for better safety and driving such as an accurate weather
description or early warnings of upcoming dangers. To successfully deploy VANET, security is one of the major challenges such as
protection from selfish vehicles that may block or mess traffic, bogus notifications etc. that may harm and losses lives, that must be
addressed. Sybil attacks have become a serious threat as they can affect the functionality of VANETs for the benefit of the attacker.
The Sybil attack is the case where a single faulty entity, called a malicious node, can create multiple identities known as Sybil nodes or
fake nodes. This project detects and prevents the Sybil attack using “Secure Routing for Ad Hoc Network” (SRAN) routing protocol.
SRAN is based on AODV protocol. In our proposed work, we have developed SRAN protocol to maintain routing information and
route discovery in such manner that will detect as well as prevent Sybil Attack. Each node will have a unique identity and their entry in
route table. SRAN Protocol easily detects such route that is not valid anymore for communication. It deletes all the related entries from
the routing table for those invalid routes.
FLOODING ATTACKS DETECTION OF MOBILE AGENTS IN IP NETWORKScsandit
This paper deals with detection of flooding attacks which are the most common type of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks in a Mobile Agent World. We propose a new framework for the detection of flooding attacks by integrating Divergence measures over Sketch data structure. The performance of the proposed framework is investigated in terms of detection probability and false alarm ratio. We focus on tuning the parameter of Divergence Measures to optimize the performance. We conduct performance analysis over publicly available real IP traces, in Mobile Agent Network, integrated with flooding attacks. Our analysis results prove that our proposed algorithm outperforms the existing solutions.
Trustworthy Service Enhancement in Mobile Social Networkijsrd.com
Mobile Social Network is network which allows mobile users to discover and interact with existing and potential friends. A Trustworthy Service Evaluation (TSE) system is a system that enables users to share service reviews in Service oriented mobile social networks (S-MSNs). Each service provider should independently maintain a TSE for itself that collects and stores users’ reviews about its services without requiring any third trusted authority. These service reviews can be made available to interested users to make service selection decisions. In this three unique service review attacks are identified, i.e., link ability, rejection, and modification attacks, and then develop security mechanisms for the TSE to deal with these attacks. In this we extend the bTSE(basic TSE) to a Sybil-resisted TSE (SrTSE) which enable the detection of two typical sybil attacks. In SrTSE if a user generates multiple reviews toward a vendor in a predefined time slot with different pseudonyms, the real identity of that user will be revealed. Hence a Trustworthy Service in Mobile Social Network is introduces so that users can access services securely.
Detection of Sybil attack in vehicular ad hoc networks by analyzing network ...IJECEIAES
Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging technology which can be very helpful for providing safety and security as well as for intelligent transportation services. But due to wireless communication of vehicles and high mobility it has certain security issues which cost the safety and security of people on the road. One of the major security concerns is the Sybil attack in which the attacker creates dummy identities to gain high influence in the network that causes delay in some services and fake voting in the network to misguide others. The early detection of this attack can prevent people from being misguided by the attacker and save them from getting into any kind of trap. In this research paper, Sybil attack is detected by first applying the Poisson distribution algorithm to predict the traffic on the road and in the second approach, analysis of the network performance for packet delivery ratio (PDR) is performed in malign and benign environment. The simulation result shows that PDR decreases in presence of fake vehicles in the network. Our approach is simple and effective as it does not require high computational overhead and also does not violate the privacy issues of people in the network.
Sybil Attack Analysis and Detection Techniques in MANETrahulmonikasharma
Security is important for many sensor network applications. A particularly harmful attack against sensor and ad hoc networks is known as the Sybil attack [6], where a node Illegitimately claims multiple identities.Mobility cause a main problem when we talk about security in Mobile Ad-hoc networks. It doesn’t depend on fixed architecture, the nodes are continuously moving in a random fashion. In this article we will focus on identifying the Sybil attack in MANET. It uses air medium for communication so it is more prone to the attack. Sybil attack is one in which single node present multiple fake identities to other nodes, which cause destruction.
Abstract SYBIL attack is a severe security trouble to be solved for successful delivery of packets in mobile adhoc network. In this issue, a mischievous hub that uses steering convention to advance itself as having the littlest way to the hub whose bundles it wants to get. In flood based convention, if the evil hub reaction achieves the asking for hub past to the answer from the genuine hub, a fake course is made. This paper deals with the presentation of SYBIL attack in MANET. Various previous techniques have been discussed in these papers that were used to prevent SYBIL attack. MANETs are vulnerable to a diversity of attacks, so attacks has to be mitigated in initial setup. KEYWORDS: Routing, SYBIL Attack And Security, AODV.
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collections of self-organizing mobile nodes with dynamic topologies and no centralized authority. Each node participating in the network acts both as host and a router. So each node can participate to transfer data packet to destination node but suppose one node in network is removed at time it is very difficult to maintain the information about all node. The main advantage and disadvantage of MANETs provides large number of degree of freedom and self-organizing capability of that make it completely different from other network. Due to the nature of MANETs, to design and development of secure routing is challenging task for researcher in an open and distributed communication environments. In MANET, the more security is required in comparison to wired network. If source node chooses this fake route, malicious nodes have the option of delivering the packets or dropping them.
Keywords: MANETs, Security, Cryptography.
Survey on Different Packet Drop Detection Techniques in Mobile AdHoc NetworkEditor IJMTER
Mobile means to move any direction and ad-hoc means temporary infrastructure less
network. In mobile ad-hoc network packet sending and receiving is most important things. When
packets send to one node to another node this sending node reach to destination at this time if packets
are drop so because of this reason security is not maintained. Packets drop using malicious node or
not and also find the detection of packet drop. In this paper various security techniques in packet
dropping attack for the security purpose.
EXAMINING MODERN DATA SECURITY AND PRIVACY PROTOCOLS IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLESijcsit
A fully automated, self-driving car can perceive its environment, determine the optimal route, and drive
unaided by human intervention for the entire journey. Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the
potential to drastically reduce accidents, travel time, and the environmental impact of road travel. Such
technology includes the use of several sensors, various algorithms, interconnected network connections,
and multiple auxiliary systems. CAVs have been subjected to attacks by malicious users to gain/deny
control of one or more of its various systems. Data security and data privacy is one such area of CAVs that
has been targeted via different types of attacks. The scope of this study is to present a good background
knowledge of issues pertaining to different attacks in the context of data security and privacy, as well
present a detailed review and analysis of eight very recent studies on the broad topic of security and
privacy related attacks. Methodologies including Blockchain, Named Data Networking, Intrusion
Detection System, Cognitive Engine, Adversarial Objects, and others have been investigated in the
literature and problem- and context-specific models have been proposed by their respective authors
A fully automated, self-driving car can perceive its environment, determine the optimal route, and drive
unaided by human intervention for the entire journey. Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the
potential to drastically reduce accidents, travel time, and the environmental impact of road travel. Such
technology includes the use of several sensors, various algorithms, interconnected network connections,
and multiple auxiliary systems. CAVs have been subjected to attacks by malicious users to gain/deny
control of one or more of its various systems. Data security and data privacy is one such area of CAVs that
has been targeted via different types of attacks. The scope of this study is to present a good background
knowledge of issues pertaining to different attacks in the context of data security and privacy, as well
present a detailed review and analysis of eight very recent studies on the broad topic of security and
privacy related attacks. Methodologies including Blockchain, Named Data Networking, Intrusion
Detection System, Cognitive Engine, Adversarial Objects, and others have been investigated in the
literature and problem- and context-specific models have been proposed by their respective authors.
COMPARISON BETWEEN DIVERGENCE MEASURES FOR ANOMALY DETECTION OF MOBILE AGENTS...ijwmn
This paper deals with detection of SYN flooding attacks which are the most common type of attacks in a Mobile Agent World. We propose a new framework for the detection of flooding attacks by integrating Divergence measures over Sketch data structure. We compare three divergence measures (Hellinger Distance, Chi-square and Power divergence) to analyze their detection accuracy. The performance of the proposed framework is investigated in terms of detection probability and false alarm ratio. We focus on
tuning the parameter of Divergence Measures to optimize the performance. We conduct performance analysis over publicly available real IP traces, in Mobile Agent Network, integrated with flooding attacks. Our experimental results show that Power Divergence outperforms Chi-square divergence and Hellinger
distance in network anomalies detection in terms of detection and false alarm.
VANET SECURITY AND PRIVACY – AN OVERVIEWIJNSA Journal
Even though vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) bring tremendous benefits to society, yet they raise
many challenges where the security and privacy concerns are the most critical ones. In this paper, we
provide a detailed overview of the state-of-the-art security and privacy requirements in VANET. Also, a
brief of the approachesthat are proposed in the literature to fulfil these requirements is given in this paper.
Besides that, a classification of the various VANET attacks based on the communication system
layersisprovided in this paper. In addition, the different types of VANET adversaries and attackers
arepresented here.In general, this paper aims to provide a good piece of information about VANET
security and privacy, in order to be used as a tool to help researchers in this field in developing secure
privacy-preserving approaches for VANET.
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1. Journal for Research| Volume 01| Issue 01 | March 2015
ISSN: 2395-7549
All rights reserved by www.journalforresearch.org 27
A Review on Sybil Attack Detection Techniques
Jaydip Kamani Dhaval Parikh
PG Student Associate Professor
Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer Engineering
L.D. College Of Engineering L.D. College Of Engineering
Abstract
In Vehicular Communication, the security system against the attacker is very important. Sybil attacks have been regarded as a
serious security threat to ad hoc networks and sensor networks. It is an attack in which an original identity of the vehicle is
corrupted or theft by an attacker to creates multiple fake identities. Detecting such type of attacker and the original vehicle is a
challenging task in VANET. This survey paper briefly presents various Sybil attack detection mechanism in VANET.
Keywords: VANET, Security, Sybil Attack detection, Incorrect Safety Messages
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is a special type of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) with some unique characteristics
like, high mobility, no power constraint, large scale, variable density etc. there is On Board Unit (OBU) to replace node in
MANET and Road Side Unit (RSU) to provide infrastructure. VANETs are very dynamic in nature because connection between
nodes is very short lived. It is designed for Vehicular to vehicular (V2V) and Vehicular to Infrastructure (V2I) communication
[7]. Security in VANETs is important, because the message sent by one vehicle might have important consequences such as
accident prevention. There are many possible attacks on VANETs; one of the harmful attacks is Sybil attack.
Fig. 1: VANET Architecture [8]
This paper presents literature survey for detecting Sybil attack in VANETs. The rest of the paper is divided as: Section II will
briefly introduce Sybil attack, Section III will present the survey about Sybil attack in VANETs, and Section IV will present
results. And last we will conclude the paper
II. SYBIL ATTACK IN VANET
To ensure an ad hoc network, we need to consider the following attributes criteria to measure security which includes
availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation [1].
Availability:A.
The availability deals with the network services for all nodes comprises of bandwidth and connectivity. In order to encounter the
availability issue, prevention and detection techniques using group signatures scheme has been introduced.
2. A Review on Sybil Attack Detection Techniques
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Confidentiality:B.
This service provides the confidentiality to the communication content. It guarantees the privacy of drivers against unauthorized
observers. The most popular technique pseudonyms are used to preserved privacy in vehicular networks.
Authentication:C.
Authentication is the verification of identity between vehicles and RSUs and the validation of integrity of the information
exchange. Additionally, it ensures that all vehicles are the right vehicle to communicate within network.
Integrity:D.
Data integrity is the assurance that the data received by nodes, RSUs and AS is the same as what has been generated during the
exchange of message. In order to protect the integrity of the message, digital signature which is integrated with password access
is used.
Non-Repudiation:E.
This Ensures that sender and receiver cannot deny ever sending and receiving the message such as accident messages. In certain
fields, non-repudiation is called audit ability where by RSUs and vehicles can prove have been receive and sent respectively.
Some of the attacks are mentioned below [1].
Sybil Attack:1)
In this attack sort, a node sends multiple messages to alternative nodes and every message contains a special Forged supply
identity. The fundamental goals of the assaulter are to produce illusion to alternative nodes by wrong messages and to enforce
alternative nodes on the road to go away the road for the advantages of the assaulter.
Black Hole Attack:2)
In this problem a node refuses to participate in the network or when an established node drops out to form a black hole. In this all
the traffic of the network gets redirected towards a specific node which is actually doesn’t exist which results in data lost.
ID Disclosure:3)
It is a passive attack. During this attacker send the malicious code to the neighbors of the target node and collects the desired
information. They take the ID of the target node and its current location. Due to this target vehicle’s ID are disclosed and that
they lose their privacy. In this global observer will access their information by observance the route of the target vehicle
Man in the Middle Attack:4)
The attacker sits in the middle of the two communicating vehicle and launch this attack. In this type of attacker control all the
communication between the sender and the receiver but communicating vehicles assume they are directly communicating with
each other. In MIMA attacker listen the communication between the vehicles and inject false or modified message between the
vehicles.
Brute Force:5)
Safety information is crucial in VANET. For secure VANET application as appropriate cryptographic algorithms and
approaches. The attacker can use the brute force technique to find the cryptographic key.
Denial of Service (DOS) Attack:6)
In DOS the most objective is to prevent the legitimate user from accessing the network services and from network resources.
DOS attack will occur by jam the channel system so no authentic vehicle will access it. In VANET it's most major problem
because the user cannot communicate within the network and pass data to other vehicle that could result in a lot of devastation in
life important application.
Sybil Attack;7)
Sybil attack is a kind of impersonation, where multiple identities of the attacker node are present. Fig. 2 shows the Sybil nodes
assuming multiple personalities of the attacker node.
In Sybil attack, a malicious node forges different identities in the form of different nodes.
This forge gives wrong information to neighboring vehicles by communicating with other physical nodes and
distributing false traffic information.
This attack is very dangerous in routing because a node can claim to be in several positions at the same time.
3. A Review on Sybil Attack Detection Techniques
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Fig. 2: Sybil Attack [6]
Sybil attacks can incur great security threats to VANETs. First, Sybil nodes may create an illusion of traffic jam. A driver may
convince the neighboring vehicles that there is traffic jam ahead, so that they will choose alternate path and allow the driver a
clear path to his/her destination. Second, Sybil nodes may directly or indirectly inject false data into the networks, greatly
impacting on the data consistency of the system. For example, while voting to generate a traffic status report, if some of the
voters are Sybil vehicles, the report may wrong. Finally, Sybil nodes may originate further DoS attacks such as channel jamming
attacks and message suppression attacks.
III. LITERATURE REVIEW SYBIL ATTACK
In 2011, Mina Rahbari et al., [1] proposed a Sybil attack detection method using cryptographic system. This method is based on
a fixed key infrastructure for detection impersonation attack, in other words, Sybil attack. Using a Mat lab simulator the results
of this study are reviewed. The method has low delay for detection Sybil attack, because most operations are done in
Certification Authority, so this proposed scheme is an efficient method for detection Sybil attack. This proposed schema has a
problem that, if nodes move to other rejoin detection of Sybil attack does not work properly.
In 2011, Sushmita Ruj et al., [2] introduced the concept of data-centric Misbehavior Detection Schemes (MDS) to detect false
messages and misbehaving nodes by observing their actions after sending out the messages. In the data-centric MDS, each node
decides whether received information is correct or false. The decision is based on the consistency of recent messages. Voting or
majority decisions are not needed, that makes MDS resilient to identify Sybil attacks. Once misbehavior is detected, Instead of
revoking all the secret ID of misbehaving nodes it imposes fines on misbehaving nodes and hence discouraging them to act
selfishly. The results showed that the scheme reduced the computation and communication costs that were involved in revoking
all the secret ID of misbehaving nodes.
S. Park et al. [3] suggested new timestamp series approach based on road side unit support. This approach doesn’t require
special infrastructure, and it also not require public key infrastructure. it is rare that two vehicles passes multiple RSUs at
exactly the same time, based on this assumption and temporary relation between vehicles and RSU, two messages with same
timestamp series by same RSU will be considered as a Sybil messages by one vehicle. This approach neither needs vehicular-
based public-key infrastructure (VPKI) nor Internet accessible RSUs, so it is economical solution for the VANETs.
Disadvantages of this approach are: it requires to a precise deployment of RSUs in urban areas and traffic messages are gradually
extended and this increases time of message authentication.
Yong Hao et al. [4] presented a new scheme. This scheme determines Sybil attacks regionally in a very cooperative means by
examining the rationality of vehicles' position to their own neighbors. This technique is based on vehicle position in privacy
preserved VANETs. Without additional hardware and utilizing the characteristics of communication and vehicles’ GPS positions
which square measure enclosed within the periodically broadcasted safety related messages this scheme determines Sybil nodes
with efficiency. Simulation result shows that detection time is longer when needed security level is higher and it decreases when
the offset distance will increase. But this would not work in multi-malicious and multi-Sybil node scenario.
Huibin Xu et al., [5] proposed a novel approach to observe incorrect safety message in a VANET. During this scheme the trait
of safety message reported by neighbor vehicles was evaluated by detecting the consistency between the actions and the words.
If it is inconsistent, the safety message is recognized as incorrect message; otherwise, the message is accepted. The approach
depends on using data from safety message and beacon message, shared with immediate neighbors. The data provides speed and
location information, allowing each neighbor vehicle to process data and detect malicious information and discard it. Vehicle
checks the validity of the information from message. The speed information is verified by the relationship between location and
speed. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is effective and efficient to detect the incorrect safety message. But it is
not appropriate for large number of vehicles as well as the data speed is additionally high.
ByungKawn Lee et al., [6] proposed a Detection Technique against a Sybil Attack protocol using Session Key based
Certificate (SKC) to validate inter-vehicle IDs in VANETs. In DTSA, the SKC (Session Key based Certificate) used to verify the
IDs among vehicles, and additionally generates a vehicle’s anonymous ID, a session Key, the expiration date and a local server’s
4. A Review on Sybil Attack Detection Techniques
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certificate for the detection of a Sybil Attack and the verification time for ID. This method additionally reduces detection and
verification time as a result of hashing and XOR function. User’s privacy is additionally protected. Disadvantage is that it
calculates SKC and certificate both side means server and node side so overhead in computation is there.
IV. RESULT
Table 1 gives summury of survey.
Table - 1
Comparison of Methods
Method Description Advantages Limitation
Efficient Detection Of Sybil
Attack Based On
Cryptography In Vanet[1]
Uses cryptography to detect Sybil attack
Low delay as most work is
done at CA.
Proposed schema has a
problem that, if nodes
move to other rejoin
detection of Sybil attack
does not work properly.
On Data-centric
Misbehavior Detection in
VANETs[2]
This method detects false messages and
misbehaving nodes by observing their actions
after sending out the messages. In the data-
centric MDS, each node decides whether
received information is correct or false
This method imposes fines on
node that detected as Sybil
node and hence discouraging
them to act selfishly without
revoking their credentials
hence saving the time.
Not applicable to all
scenario. Sometimes it
happens that malicious
vehicle coming from
opposite side may give
false information of traffic.
Defense against Sybil attack
in vehicular ad hoc network
based on roadside unit
support[3]
In this only RSU issues the
Timestamp to the vehicle when passing nearby
it and each time stamp is digitally signed it.
When vehicle want to send information to any
vehicle then it request RSU to issue timestamp
to it, after getting timestamp it send message
to other vehicle and attaches the timestamps
given by RSU.
Simple method with no
requirement of extra hardware
or public key infrastructure.
Message size increases as
vehicle have to attach
timestamp.
Needs careful placements
of RSUs.
Cooperative Sybil Attack
Detection for Position
Based Applications in
Privacy Preserved
VANETs[4]
Technique is based on vehicle position.
Without additional hardware and utilizing the
characteristics of communication and
vehicles’ GPS positions which are enclosed
within the periodically broadcasted safety
related messages.
Scheme determines Sybil nodes
with efficiency.
No requirement of additional
hardware.
Detection time is longer
when needed security level
is higher and it decreases
when the offset distance
will increase.
But this would not work in
multi-malicious and multi-
Sybil node scenario.
Detecting the Incorrect
Safety Message in
VANETS[5]
In this method inconsistency between action
and the safety message is determined to use it
in detecting Sybil node
Scheme is effective and efficient
to detect the incorrect safety
message.
Not appropriate for large
number of vehicles as well
as the data speed is
additionally high.
A DTSA(Detection
Technique Against A Sybil
Attack) Protocol Using
SKC(Session Key Based
Certificate) On VANET[6]
This method uses session key base certificate
approach.
Lightweight as well as efficient
with some extra hardware.
Also provides privacy of
vehicles.
It calculates SKC and
certificate both side means
server and node side so
overhead in computation
is there.
V. CONCLUSION
From this review we can conclude that detection techniques based on resource testing is not proper method as smart attacker can
exploit it. While techniques based on signal strength measurements RSSI is promising at some extent. Method like determining
the position of vehicles in privacy preserved VANETs using cooperative neighbors is good if number of malicious vehicles is
small. While Techniques based on pseudonyms is good as it preserves the privacy of vehicles but comes with needs of extra
infrastructure like DMV and need of renewal of pseudonyms as well as distribution of the same. While techniques based on
cryptography is better but requires PKI for the same. Method based on tracking the inaccuracy between action and safety
messages sent by vehicle is good. While DTSA scheme is lightweight and also promising in Sybil attack detection based on
session key certificates. Timestamp series method is best with disadvantage of large message size in case when large number of
timestamps. One can use above method as per requirements. It is clear that using key based method gives best results in
detecting as well as in eviction of Sybil attack. But there is tradeoff between privacy and efficiency.
5. A Review on Sybil Attack Detection Techniques
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REFERENCES
[1] Mina Rahbari1 and Mohammad Ali Jabreil Jamali, “Efficient Detection of Sybil Attack Based On Cryptography in Vanet”, International Journal of
Network Security & Its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.3, No.6, November 2011.
[2] Sushmita Ruj, Marcos Antonio Cavenaghi, Zhen Huang, Amiya Nayak, “On Data-centric Misbehavior Detection in VANETs”, International journal of
Network Security& its applications, 2011
[3] Soyoung Park, Baber Aslam ,“Defense against Sybil attack in vehicular ad hoc network based on roadside unit support”, Embedded Security In Cars
Conference(ESCAR), 2009
[4] Yong Hao, Jin Tang, Yu Cheng, “Cooperative Sybil Attack Detection for Position Based Applications in Privacy Preserved VANETs”, IEEE Globecom
2011 proceeding.
[5] Huibin Xu, Limin Hua, Yumei Ning and Xiaoping Xue, “Detecting the Incorrect Safety Message in VANETS”, Research Journal of Applied Sciences,
Engineering and Technology 5(17): 4406-4410, ISSN: 2040-7459; e- ISSN: 2040-7467, 2013.
[6] ByungKawn Lee, “A DTSA(Detection Technique Against A Sybil Attack) Protocol Using SKC(Session Key Based Certificate) On VANET”, Electrical &
Electronics Engg., Volume 3 , Issue 1; Spl. Issue of IC3T @ISSN: 2248-9584,201
[7] S. Swapna Kumar, "Vehicular Ad-hoc network" International Journal of Computer, Information, Systems and Control Engineering Vol:8 No:4, 2014
[8] Web-Site blog:
http://bbcr.uwaterloo.ca/~slcesped/vanet/