The newborn health challenge faced by India is more formidable than that experienced by any other country in the world. The newborn health is inevitably affected by the traditional care practices of the mothers causing high infant morbidity and mortality.The aim of the study were determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care and find out the association between knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care and to determine the association between these as well as with the selected demographic variables. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care in selected maternity centres in Madurai. Survey approach was employed to select sample and it consisted of 100 postnatal mothers. Data was collected using structured interview schedule. Findings of the study showed that 65% of postnatal mothers had moderate knowledge; 61% had favourable attitude and 57% of them had high practice of new born care. There was a significant association between knowledge and attitude (r=+0.567), knowledge and practice (r=+0.388), attitude and practice (r=+0.321) .There was a significant association between knowledge and education, monthly family income and obstetrical score at p<0.05. Findings of the study indicated the need to conduct frequent assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care. Awareness and attitude of the mothers towards new born care still has lots of lacunae especially in those who belong to the lower socio economic statusand poorly educated postnatal mothers. So it is imperative to provide comprehensive training in the field of new born care for mothers during pregnancy
To evaluate traditional neonatal beliefs and care practices among urban and rural residents and assessing predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts, Lahore and Rawalpindi of Pakistan. A total of 218 mothers having infants (< 2 years of age) were interviewed through collecting information through a questionnaire. In the logistic regression analysis, presence of professional birth attendant (P-value = 0.012, OR = 3.909), sterilization of feeding bottle (P-value = 0.013, OR = 3.280) and knowledge about reason of vaccination (P-value = 0.010, OR = 2.058) we re significantly associated with urbanization. Maternal education was significantly associated with correct timing to start weaning practice, breast milk was sufficient for infant, hand washing practice before breastfeeding, good cord care, vaccination status, reason of vaccination and knowledge about Jaundice in neonatal period (P <0.05). The results of multivariate ordinal regression showed that young literate mothers ((P < 0.001; OR = 3.192) started breastfeeding earlier than the elder and illiterate mothers. Furthermore, the women with normal delivery (P < 0.01; OR = 0.301) and low socioeconomic class (P < 0.10; OR = 0.339) started breastfeeding earlier. Among 218 mothers 44.5%, newborns were bathed immediately. A significant proportion of mothers 77.1% reported giving prelacteals as fi rst feed. Majority of mothers 30.7% apply oil on umbilical cord. also, 72.5% mothers administered gripe water to their infants. Traditional risky newborn care practices stress the need for promoting health education programs on improving newborn care practices.
Effectiveness of pre delivery preparation on anxiety among Primigravida mothe...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care.
Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice
A Descriptive Study on the Knowledge Regarding Breast-Feeding Problems and it...ijtsrd
A cross sectional design was used to assess the knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management among 100 postnatal mothers who were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by Structured Interview schedule and breast feeding assessment checklist. The findings of the study revealed that the overall mean knowledge score was 15±3.33. According to area the highest mean score was in the area of introduction about breast-feeding 7.14± 1.94 and lowest in engorgement of breast 1.22 ± 1.01 . Rank wise assessment of breast-feeding problems shows that less than half 46 of the mothers were having painful nipple and only 14 and 13 of mothers were having inverted and cracked nipple. Majority 60 of postnatal mothers had average knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management. From the study findings it could be concluded that postnatal mothers had average knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management. Thus, health education programs are required to enhance the knowledge regarding postnatal breast problems. Ms. Neha Verma | Ms. Kanchan Bala | Mrs. Laxmi Kumar "A Descriptive Study on the Knowledge Regarding Breast-Feeding Problems and its Management Among Post Natal Mothers in Selected Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18800.pdf
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding New Born Care among Pos...ijtsrd
In many communities around the world, newborn deaths are so common that children are not even named until they survive their first month of life. Children are an embodiment of our dreams and hopes for the future. For a nation to grow and progress, the well being and the health of the children is of crucial importance. Advances in medical research, the advent of new technologies have helped improve the healthcare of both well and sick newborn babies. Further innovation in baby care equipment have made the task of caring for babies much easier. Care practices immediately after delivery play a major role in causing neonatal morbidities and mortalities. Insufficient knowledge of parents regarding essential newborn care leads to decrease in the quality care. The investigators felt a real need to assess the mother's knowledge regarding essential newborn care. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of postnatal mothers regarding essential newborn care and to develop a pamphlet on new born care. A descriptive study with non experimental research design was adopted. Sixty postnatal mothers admitted in postnatal ward of SGT hospital ,Gurugram were selected using convenient sampling technique from 16 04 to 22 04 2019. The tool used was structured questionnaire. The study findings revealed that majority 63.3 of the postnatal mothers had satisfactory knowledge scores and only 10 postnatal mothers had inadequate knowledge scores, whereas rest 26.6 of the subjects had inadequate knowledge regarding essential newborn care. A pamphlet regarding essential newborn care was disseminated to postnatal mothers. Ms. Sumyra Nazir | Ms. Monica | Mr. Mohit ""A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding New Born Care among Postnatal Mother's with a View to Prepare a Pamphlet in SGT Hospital Gurugram"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30088.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30088/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-new-born-care-among-postnatal-mother%E2%80%99s-with-a-view-to-prepare-a-pamphlet-in-sgt-hospital-gurugram/ms-sumyra-nazir
A Longitudinal Study On Feeding Practices And Morbidity Patterns Of Infants I...iosrjce
Background: Feeding practices and illnesses during infancy are of critical importance for growth and
development of children .Though several programs have been implemented by WHO and UNICEF to improve
the health status of newborn and infant, child morbidity and mortality rates in rural area are still higher
compared to urban areas in India.
Objective: To assess the feeding practices and morbidity patterns of infants in a rural field practice area .
Methodology: A longitudinal study was undertaken in field practice area under community medicine
Department, Guntur from Jan 2013 to march 2014.A birth cohort of hundred children born during first 3
months of study period were assessed and followed up till they attained 1year age .Data collected on feeding
practices ,infant illnesses and socio-demographic factors.
Results: The incidence of episodes of morbidity was 2.78 per infant per year. Respiratory Tract Infections are
most common observed illness followed by diarrhea .Majority of the mothers (90%)
Were given colostrum ,50% were breast fed their babies with in 1 hour of delivery,60% were given
EBF(Exclusive Breast Feeding ). The illnesses are less common in first 6 months of infancy compared to
letter half of life .A Significant association between feeding practices and morbidities
Conclusion: Hence focusing education on faulty feeding practices and implementation of IMNCI(integrated
management of newborn and childhood illnesses ) at gross root level by health workers need to be emphasized
To evaluate traditional neonatal beliefs and care practices among urban and rural residents and assessing predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts, Lahore and Rawalpindi of Pakistan. A total of 218 mothers having infants (< 2 years of age) were interviewed through collecting information through a questionnaire. In the logistic regression analysis, presence of professional birth attendant (P-value = 0.012, OR = 3.909), sterilization of feeding bottle (P-value = 0.013, OR = 3.280) and knowledge about reason of vaccination (P-value = 0.010, OR = 2.058) we re significantly associated with urbanization. Maternal education was significantly associated with correct timing to start weaning practice, breast milk was sufficient for infant, hand washing practice before breastfeeding, good cord care, vaccination status, reason of vaccination and knowledge about Jaundice in neonatal period (P <0.05). The results of multivariate ordinal regression showed that young literate mothers ((P < 0.001; OR = 3.192) started breastfeeding earlier than the elder and illiterate mothers. Furthermore, the women with normal delivery (P < 0.01; OR = 0.301) and low socioeconomic class (P < 0.10; OR = 0.339) started breastfeeding earlier. Among 218 mothers 44.5%, newborns were bathed immediately. A significant proportion of mothers 77.1% reported giving prelacteals as fi rst feed. Majority of mothers 30.7% apply oil on umbilical cord. also, 72.5% mothers administered gripe water to their infants. Traditional risky newborn care practices stress the need for promoting health education programs on improving newborn care practices.
Effectiveness of pre delivery preparation on anxiety among Primigravida mothe...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care.
Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice
A Descriptive Study on the Knowledge Regarding Breast-Feeding Problems and it...ijtsrd
A cross sectional design was used to assess the knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management among 100 postnatal mothers who were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by Structured Interview schedule and breast feeding assessment checklist. The findings of the study revealed that the overall mean knowledge score was 15±3.33. According to area the highest mean score was in the area of introduction about breast-feeding 7.14± 1.94 and lowest in engorgement of breast 1.22 ± 1.01 . Rank wise assessment of breast-feeding problems shows that less than half 46 of the mothers were having painful nipple and only 14 and 13 of mothers were having inverted and cracked nipple. Majority 60 of postnatal mothers had average knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management. From the study findings it could be concluded that postnatal mothers had average knowledge regarding breast-feeding problems and its management. Thus, health education programs are required to enhance the knowledge regarding postnatal breast problems. Ms. Neha Verma | Ms. Kanchan Bala | Mrs. Laxmi Kumar "A Descriptive Study on the Knowledge Regarding Breast-Feeding Problems and its Management Among Post Natal Mothers in Selected Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18800.pdf
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding New Born Care among Pos...ijtsrd
In many communities around the world, newborn deaths are so common that children are not even named until they survive their first month of life. Children are an embodiment of our dreams and hopes for the future. For a nation to grow and progress, the well being and the health of the children is of crucial importance. Advances in medical research, the advent of new technologies have helped improve the healthcare of both well and sick newborn babies. Further innovation in baby care equipment have made the task of caring for babies much easier. Care practices immediately after delivery play a major role in causing neonatal morbidities and mortalities. Insufficient knowledge of parents regarding essential newborn care leads to decrease in the quality care. The investigators felt a real need to assess the mother's knowledge regarding essential newborn care. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of postnatal mothers regarding essential newborn care and to develop a pamphlet on new born care. A descriptive study with non experimental research design was adopted. Sixty postnatal mothers admitted in postnatal ward of SGT hospital ,Gurugram were selected using convenient sampling technique from 16 04 to 22 04 2019. The tool used was structured questionnaire. The study findings revealed that majority 63.3 of the postnatal mothers had satisfactory knowledge scores and only 10 postnatal mothers had inadequate knowledge scores, whereas rest 26.6 of the subjects had inadequate knowledge regarding essential newborn care. A pamphlet regarding essential newborn care was disseminated to postnatal mothers. Ms. Sumyra Nazir | Ms. Monica | Mr. Mohit ""A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding New Born Care among Postnatal Mother's with a View to Prepare a Pamphlet in SGT Hospital Gurugram"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30088.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30088/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-new-born-care-among-postnatal-mother%E2%80%99s-with-a-view-to-prepare-a-pamphlet-in-sgt-hospital-gurugram/ms-sumyra-nazir
A Longitudinal Study On Feeding Practices And Morbidity Patterns Of Infants I...iosrjce
Background: Feeding practices and illnesses during infancy are of critical importance for growth and
development of children .Though several programs have been implemented by WHO and UNICEF to improve
the health status of newborn and infant, child morbidity and mortality rates in rural area are still higher
compared to urban areas in India.
Objective: To assess the feeding practices and morbidity patterns of infants in a rural field practice area .
Methodology: A longitudinal study was undertaken in field practice area under community medicine
Department, Guntur from Jan 2013 to march 2014.A birth cohort of hundred children born during first 3
months of study period were assessed and followed up till they attained 1year age .Data collected on feeding
practices ,infant illnesses and socio-demographic factors.
Results: The incidence of episodes of morbidity was 2.78 per infant per year. Respiratory Tract Infections are
most common observed illness followed by diarrhea .Majority of the mothers (90%)
Were given colostrum ,50% were breast fed their babies with in 1 hour of delivery,60% were given
EBF(Exclusive Breast Feeding ). The illnesses are less common in first 6 months of infancy compared to
letter half of life .A Significant association between feeding practices and morbidities
Conclusion: Hence focusing education on faulty feeding practices and implementation of IMNCI(integrated
management of newborn and childhood illnesses ) at gross root level by health workers need to be emphasized
Patterns and determinants of breast feeding among mother infant pairs in dera...Zubia Qureshi
Background: Proper breastfeeding practices are effective ways for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present study was to determine the patterns and explore the determinants associated with breast feeding practices among the nursing women in Dera Ghazi Khan. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on randomly selected lactating mother infant pairs in Dera Ghazi Khan. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Analysis was done by using SPSS, chi square test was applied to see the association between breast feeding practices and its determinants such as knowledge of breast feeding practices. Results: Majority 372 (93%) of mothers mentioned that they had ever breastfed the youngest child. About 292 (73%) mothers gave colostrum to the child, and 48 (12%) exclusively breastfed. Weaning babies before four month of age was practiced by 84 (21%) of the mothers, 120 (55%) mothers started weaning at 4-6 months of child age, while 72 (18%) started to give additional food after baby turned six months old. Out of total 276 (69%) mothers reported that they had knowledge regarding breast feeding. Significant association was found between knowledge of breastfeeding and initiation and Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF) practices (p-values <0.05). Income, family type, mode of delivery and assistance for child were significantly associated with initiation of breastfeeding within one hour after birth (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Breast feeding practices in the studied area were not up to the mark. There is a strong need to improve the breastfeeding practices by Behavior Change Communication. Keywords: Breast feeding; Early initiation; Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF); Colostrum; Supplementary feeding; Infants
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Background Low birth weight is one of the important causes for the high infant mortality rate in developing countries. In India during the year 1991, the IMR was 80 per 1000 live births and neonatal mortality rate NMR was 51 per 1000 live births.LBW babies have been reported to lag behind their heavier counterpart in development for the rest of their lives. Objective The present study attempted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding management of low birth weight LBW babies among postnatal mothers. Methods In the present study, evaluative research approach was selected one group pre test and post test design was adopted. The structured interview schedule on management of low birth weight LBW babies among postnatal Mothers was used to collect the data. The main study was conducted at Kedarpur and Barai rural community Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, with the sample size of 40 postnatal mothers selected by using convenient sampling technique and the collected data were analyzed and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The overall mean score of the subjects in pre test was 56.25 with standard deviation 2.80. In post test, the mean percentage of the Overall means score of the subjects in post test was 76.25 with standard deviation 2.28. The obtained ‘t’ value was greater than the table value and found to be highly significant at the level of p 0.005. The findings evidenced structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of the postnatal mothers regarding management of low birth weight LBW babies. Conclusion The study concluded that there was a significant improvement in the knowledge after structured teaching programme. Thus structured teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge of the mothers. Ms. Divya Singh | Ms. Sunita Singh "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Management of Low Birth Weight (LBW) Babies among Postnatal Mothers in Selected Community at Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42452.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42452/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-management-of-low-birth-weight-lbw-babies-among-postnatal-mothers-in-selected-community-at-gwalior/ms-divya-singh
The relationship between prenatal self care and adverse birth outcomes in you...iosrjce
Birth outcomes refer to the end result of a pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the
relationship between self care practices during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in young women aged 16
to 24 years at a provincial maternity hospital in Zimbabwel. A descriptive corelational design was used. Orem’s
Self Care theory was used to guide the study. Eighty pregnant women were selected using systematic random
sampling and, data was collected using interviews from the 1 March - 31 April 2012. Permission to carry out
the study was obtained from the provincial maternity hospital, the Department of Nursing Science and the
Medical and Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings revealed such adverse birth outcomes as prematurity
(between 28-32 weeks) 10 (12.5%), still births, 3 (3.75%), low apgar 17 (21.2%) and low birth weight 16 (20%).
Adverse birth outcomes in the mothers included high blood pressure 32 (40%), HIV infection 20 (25%) and post
partum hemorrhage 7 (8.8%) Twenty-four (30%) participants had not booked for antenatal care, 1 (1.8%)
booked for antenatal care at less than 12 weeks while only 1 (1.8%) disclosed her pregnancy at above 29 weeks’
gestation. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between self care practices and adverse birth
outcomes, r=.340. This meant that birth outcomes improved as self care practices increased. Significant R2
. was
.115 meaning self care practices explained 11.5% of the variance observed in birth outcomes. Midwives should
advocate delay in sexual debut in young women to reduce adverse birth outcomes.
Assessment of Anxiety Level Related to Pregnancy Outcome among Primigravida M...ijtsrd
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts and physical changes like increased blood pressure. People with anxiety disorders usually have recurring intrusive thoughts and concerns. While pregnant, it is common for women to have anxiety. A first time mother is likely to worry about many impending changes to occur in her life. women also worry about birth defects.This study was conducted to assess the level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome among primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending antenatal OPD at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome among primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy and to find out the association between level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome with selected socio demographic variables. The research approach adopted in the study was the cross sectional. The research design for this study was non experimental. Written permission was taken from the Department of Gynaecology and the study was conducted in the antenatal OPD at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. Consecutive Sampling technique was applied on a sample of 60 mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending the antenatal OPD. For data collection, the tool was divided into 2 parts Part A – Socio demographic profile, and, part B– Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale HAM – A .The analysis was done by using differential and inferential statistics.The findings of the study revealed that maximum primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester included the age group of 30 35 years. Majority of the mothers were having mild anxiety i.e., 48 , 40 were having moderate level of anxiety and only 12 were having severe anxiety. The relationship between selected demographic variables with level of anxiety showed that socio economic status and residential areas have statistically significant association with the level of anxiety. Ms. Preetinder Kaur | Dr. Rimpy Tandon | Dr. Subhash Das | Alka Rojra | Amandeep Kaur | Anil Kumar | Anmol Kaur | Annu Devi | Ashish Garg "Assessment of Anxiety Level Related to Pregnancy Outcome among Primigravida Mother in Third Trimester" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38445.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38445/assessment-of-anxiety-level-related-to-pregnancy-outcome-among-primigravida-mother-in-third-trimester/ms-preetinder-kaur
Abstract—Child nutrition is an important factor for their physical and neuro-psychological development and overall health not only in childhood but also in adulthood. The World Health Organization recommends that mothers should be informed about the advantages and the enormous benefits of breastfeeding. It is part of the professional responsibility of nurses to promote good health care habits among women in fertile age and raise the overall health awareness of parents. The aim of the study was to research the knowledge of infant feeding among students in the Nursing Program. An anonymous survey was conducted among students in the Nursing I class. The survey group included a total of 51 students, ranging from 19 to 47 years old. All analyses were conducted using Statgraphics Plus software, version 2.1. It was found that students rate the advantages of breastfeeding for the mother as follows: faster recovery (29.4%); reduces the risk of cancer in women (21.6%), faster recovery of the weight of the mother before birth (27.5%). The majority of students were able to point out specific steps to successful breastfeeding and the respective time schedules of infant feeding (70%). The study found less satisfactory results of the participants’ knowledge on how to prepare infant dairy blends 19 (30.3%) and the duration of breastfeeding in 11 (21.6%). It can be concluded that students in the Nursing Program demonstrate good knowledge of infant nutrition.
Breastfeeding Practices of Postnatal Mothers: Exclusivity, Frequency and Dura...IJEAB
Mothers who perceive breastfeeding to be healthier, easier and more convenient breastfeed longer than those who perceive that breastfeeding is restrictive, inconvenient and uncomfortable. This study focused on the breastfeeding practices of postnatal mothers with regard to exclusivity, frequency and duration. It was a cross-sectional research design covering the three levels of health care institutions in the South-East Zone of Nigeria. Convenient sampling method was used to select 299 postnatal mothers who visited infant welfare clinics along with their infants. Three research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire on patterns of breastfeeding by postnatal mothers (QPBF) and checklist on health status of infants with varied breastfeeding patterns (CHSIVBP). Frequency distribution and percentages were used to answer the research questions while chi-square test was used in testing the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that most of the postnatal mothers practiced EBF for a short period, majority breastfed their infants on demand day and night, and majority also reported that their infants suckle the breast for more than 20minutes. Also breastfeeding patterns of the postnatal mothers was found to differ significantly across the three levels of health care institutions. Childbearing mothers need to be motivated on the need to practice EBF for six month postpartum.
Epidemiological aspects of maternal and child healthnew 3Sinmayee Kumari
"maternal and child health refers to the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care for mothers and children"
this topic is very essential for all the health care personnel
Management of Labor in Pregnant Women using Traditional Medicines in Northern...Premier Publishers
Labor comes with pain, hence expectant mothers would desire for procedures and materials that would quicken the process and provide relief to the extreme pain. Women in developing countries are known to patronize traditional medicines hence it is most probable traditional medicines will be used for labor purposes. This study therefore assessed the level of usage of traditional medicines among pregnant women in the Tamale metropolis, identified the products used and their reasons for usage. Using convenience sampling method, data was collected from 301 respondents from 20 suburbs within the Tamale metropolis using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and association between variables obtained using appropriate tools. Up to 25.9% of respondents used traditional medicine immediately before or during their most recent labor. Lower educational status, staying with extended family members, being a believer in Islam, home delivery and ever using traditional medicine before the most recent pregnancy were statistically associated with the use of traditional medicine to manage labor processes (p < 0.05). Various plants were found in formulating the traditional labor medicine known locally as ‘kalghutim’ with the bark of the Shea tree ((Vitellaria paradoxa) being present in most formulations.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Aim This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding dangerous sign of new born among postnatal mothers at selected hospital Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India and to find out various factors associated with it.Materials and methods An evaluative research approach with Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design and convenient sampling technique were used to select 60 postnatal mothers at selected hospitals Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. A self structured knowledge questionnaire was used for assessing the knowledge among the subjects. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Result There was significant difference between Pre test and Post test intervention level of knowledge t=40.533, p=0.0001 regarding dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers. There was no significant association between pretest knowledge score about dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers with their demographic variables p 0.05 . Conclusion Structure teaching programme was effective to enhance the knowledge of dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers. Anubha Verma | D Regina Rabello "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Dangerous Signs of New Born Among the Postnatal Mothers at Selected Hospitals, Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52446.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/52446/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-dangerous-signs-of-new-born-among-the-postnatal-mothers-at-selected-hospitals-lucknow/anubha-verma
Patterns and determinants of breast feeding among mother infant pairs in dera...Zubia Qureshi
Background: Proper breastfeeding practices are effective ways for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present study was to determine the patterns and explore the determinants associated with breast feeding practices among the nursing women in Dera Ghazi Khan. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on randomly selected lactating mother infant pairs in Dera Ghazi Khan. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Analysis was done by using SPSS, chi square test was applied to see the association between breast feeding practices and its determinants such as knowledge of breast feeding practices. Results: Majority 372 (93%) of mothers mentioned that they had ever breastfed the youngest child. About 292 (73%) mothers gave colostrum to the child, and 48 (12%) exclusively breastfed. Weaning babies before four month of age was practiced by 84 (21%) of the mothers, 120 (55%) mothers started weaning at 4-6 months of child age, while 72 (18%) started to give additional food after baby turned six months old. Out of total 276 (69%) mothers reported that they had knowledge regarding breast feeding. Significant association was found between knowledge of breastfeeding and initiation and Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF) practices (p-values <0.05). Income, family type, mode of delivery and assistance for child were significantly associated with initiation of breastfeeding within one hour after birth (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Breast feeding practices in the studied area were not up to the mark. There is a strong need to improve the breastfeeding practices by Behavior Change Communication. Keywords: Breast feeding; Early initiation; Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF); Colostrum; Supplementary feeding; Infants
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Background Low birth weight is one of the important causes for the high infant mortality rate in developing countries. In India during the year 1991, the IMR was 80 per 1000 live births and neonatal mortality rate NMR was 51 per 1000 live births.LBW babies have been reported to lag behind their heavier counterpart in development for the rest of their lives. Objective The present study attempted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding management of low birth weight LBW babies among postnatal mothers. Methods In the present study, evaluative research approach was selected one group pre test and post test design was adopted. The structured interview schedule on management of low birth weight LBW babies among postnatal Mothers was used to collect the data. The main study was conducted at Kedarpur and Barai rural community Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, with the sample size of 40 postnatal mothers selected by using convenient sampling technique and the collected data were analyzed and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The overall mean score of the subjects in pre test was 56.25 with standard deviation 2.80. In post test, the mean percentage of the Overall means score of the subjects in post test was 76.25 with standard deviation 2.28. The obtained ‘t’ value was greater than the table value and found to be highly significant at the level of p 0.005. The findings evidenced structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of the postnatal mothers regarding management of low birth weight LBW babies. Conclusion The study concluded that there was a significant improvement in the knowledge after structured teaching programme. Thus structured teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge of the mothers. Ms. Divya Singh | Ms. Sunita Singh "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Management of Low Birth Weight (LBW) Babies among Postnatal Mothers in Selected Community at Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42452.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42452/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-management-of-low-birth-weight-lbw-babies-among-postnatal-mothers-in-selected-community-at-gwalior/ms-divya-singh
The relationship between prenatal self care and adverse birth outcomes in you...iosrjce
Birth outcomes refer to the end result of a pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the
relationship between self care practices during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in young women aged 16
to 24 years at a provincial maternity hospital in Zimbabwel. A descriptive corelational design was used. Orem’s
Self Care theory was used to guide the study. Eighty pregnant women were selected using systematic random
sampling and, data was collected using interviews from the 1 March - 31 April 2012. Permission to carry out
the study was obtained from the provincial maternity hospital, the Department of Nursing Science and the
Medical and Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings revealed such adverse birth outcomes as prematurity
(between 28-32 weeks) 10 (12.5%), still births, 3 (3.75%), low apgar 17 (21.2%) and low birth weight 16 (20%).
Adverse birth outcomes in the mothers included high blood pressure 32 (40%), HIV infection 20 (25%) and post
partum hemorrhage 7 (8.8%) Twenty-four (30%) participants had not booked for antenatal care, 1 (1.8%)
booked for antenatal care at less than 12 weeks while only 1 (1.8%) disclosed her pregnancy at above 29 weeks’
gestation. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between self care practices and adverse birth
outcomes, r=.340. This meant that birth outcomes improved as self care practices increased. Significant R2
. was
.115 meaning self care practices explained 11.5% of the variance observed in birth outcomes. Midwives should
advocate delay in sexual debut in young women to reduce adverse birth outcomes.
Assessment of Anxiety Level Related to Pregnancy Outcome among Primigravida M...ijtsrd
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts and physical changes like increased blood pressure. People with anxiety disorders usually have recurring intrusive thoughts and concerns. While pregnant, it is common for women to have anxiety. A first time mother is likely to worry about many impending changes to occur in her life. women also worry about birth defects.This study was conducted to assess the level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome among primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending antenatal OPD at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome among primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy and to find out the association between level of anxiety related to pregnancy outcome with selected socio demographic variables. The research approach adopted in the study was the cross sectional. The research design for this study was non experimental. Written permission was taken from the Department of Gynaecology and the study was conducted in the antenatal OPD at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. Consecutive Sampling technique was applied on a sample of 60 mothers in 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending the antenatal OPD. For data collection, the tool was divided into 2 parts Part A – Socio demographic profile, and, part B– Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale HAM – A .The analysis was done by using differential and inferential statistics.The findings of the study revealed that maximum primi gravida mothers in 3rd trimester included the age group of 30 35 years. Majority of the mothers were having mild anxiety i.e., 48 , 40 were having moderate level of anxiety and only 12 were having severe anxiety. The relationship between selected demographic variables with level of anxiety showed that socio economic status and residential areas have statistically significant association with the level of anxiety. Ms. Preetinder Kaur | Dr. Rimpy Tandon | Dr. Subhash Das | Alka Rojra | Amandeep Kaur | Anil Kumar | Anmol Kaur | Annu Devi | Ashish Garg "Assessment of Anxiety Level Related to Pregnancy Outcome among Primigravida Mother in Third Trimester" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38445.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38445/assessment-of-anxiety-level-related-to-pregnancy-outcome-among-primigravida-mother-in-third-trimester/ms-preetinder-kaur
Abstract—Child nutrition is an important factor for their physical and neuro-psychological development and overall health not only in childhood but also in adulthood. The World Health Organization recommends that mothers should be informed about the advantages and the enormous benefits of breastfeeding. It is part of the professional responsibility of nurses to promote good health care habits among women in fertile age and raise the overall health awareness of parents. The aim of the study was to research the knowledge of infant feeding among students in the Nursing Program. An anonymous survey was conducted among students in the Nursing I class. The survey group included a total of 51 students, ranging from 19 to 47 years old. All analyses were conducted using Statgraphics Plus software, version 2.1. It was found that students rate the advantages of breastfeeding for the mother as follows: faster recovery (29.4%); reduces the risk of cancer in women (21.6%), faster recovery of the weight of the mother before birth (27.5%). The majority of students were able to point out specific steps to successful breastfeeding and the respective time schedules of infant feeding (70%). The study found less satisfactory results of the participants’ knowledge on how to prepare infant dairy blends 19 (30.3%) and the duration of breastfeeding in 11 (21.6%). It can be concluded that students in the Nursing Program demonstrate good knowledge of infant nutrition.
Breastfeeding Practices of Postnatal Mothers: Exclusivity, Frequency and Dura...IJEAB
Mothers who perceive breastfeeding to be healthier, easier and more convenient breastfeed longer than those who perceive that breastfeeding is restrictive, inconvenient and uncomfortable. This study focused on the breastfeeding practices of postnatal mothers with regard to exclusivity, frequency and duration. It was a cross-sectional research design covering the three levels of health care institutions in the South-East Zone of Nigeria. Convenient sampling method was used to select 299 postnatal mothers who visited infant welfare clinics along with their infants. Three research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire on patterns of breastfeeding by postnatal mothers (QPBF) and checklist on health status of infants with varied breastfeeding patterns (CHSIVBP). Frequency distribution and percentages were used to answer the research questions while chi-square test was used in testing the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that most of the postnatal mothers practiced EBF for a short period, majority breastfed their infants on demand day and night, and majority also reported that their infants suckle the breast for more than 20minutes. Also breastfeeding patterns of the postnatal mothers was found to differ significantly across the three levels of health care institutions. Childbearing mothers need to be motivated on the need to practice EBF for six month postpartum.
Epidemiological aspects of maternal and child healthnew 3Sinmayee Kumari
"maternal and child health refers to the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care for mothers and children"
this topic is very essential for all the health care personnel
Management of Labor in Pregnant Women using Traditional Medicines in Northern...Premier Publishers
Labor comes with pain, hence expectant mothers would desire for procedures and materials that would quicken the process and provide relief to the extreme pain. Women in developing countries are known to patronize traditional medicines hence it is most probable traditional medicines will be used for labor purposes. This study therefore assessed the level of usage of traditional medicines among pregnant women in the Tamale metropolis, identified the products used and their reasons for usage. Using convenience sampling method, data was collected from 301 respondents from 20 suburbs within the Tamale metropolis using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and association between variables obtained using appropriate tools. Up to 25.9% of respondents used traditional medicine immediately before or during their most recent labor. Lower educational status, staying with extended family members, being a believer in Islam, home delivery and ever using traditional medicine before the most recent pregnancy were statistically associated with the use of traditional medicine to manage labor processes (p < 0.05). Various plants were found in formulating the traditional labor medicine known locally as ‘kalghutim’ with the bark of the Shea tree ((Vitellaria paradoxa) being present in most formulations.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Aim This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding dangerous sign of new born among postnatal mothers at selected hospital Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India and to find out various factors associated with it.Materials and methods An evaluative research approach with Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design and convenient sampling technique were used to select 60 postnatal mothers at selected hospitals Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. A self structured knowledge questionnaire was used for assessing the knowledge among the subjects. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Result There was significant difference between Pre test and Post test intervention level of knowledge t=40.533, p=0.0001 regarding dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers. There was no significant association between pretest knowledge score about dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers with their demographic variables p 0.05 . Conclusion Structure teaching programme was effective to enhance the knowledge of dangerous sign of newborn among postnatal mothers. Anubha Verma | D Regina Rabello "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Dangerous Signs of New Born Among the Postnatal Mothers at Selected Hospitals, Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52446.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/52446/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-dangerous-signs-of-new-born-among-the-postnatal-mothers-at-selected-hospitals-lucknow/anubha-verma
A Study to Identify the Post Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in...ijtsrd
Complications in early post natal periods may lead many issues such as breast engorgement, perineal pain, constipation, and urine incontinence. Postpartum complications contribute to a lot of maternal morbidity. A Descriptive study was conducted to identify the post partum complications among post natal mothers. The study was conducted on 120 post natal mothers who were selected using convenient sampling technique. The study was explained to participants and consent was taken. Data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire and self reported practice check list. Homogeneity was maintained for demographic variables. The result showed Identification of post partum complications shows that that in perineal pain, pain in perineal area 45 . In constipation, difficulty to express stool 33.33 , a sense that everything didn’t come out 33.33 , hard or small stool 20.83 . In breast engorgement, 20.83 mothers reported pain and swelling in breast, hardness in breast 20 and flat nipple 15 . In urine incontinence, intense urge of urine 2.5 . Himani Bora | Kanchan Bala | Laxmi Kumar "A Study to Identify the Post-Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in Selected Hospital of Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/33524/a-study-to-identify-the-postpartum-complications-among-post-natal-mothers-in-selected-hospital-of-dehradun-uttarakhand/himani-bora
Background: Maternal health remains today, one of the major public health concerns in developing countries. Maternal deaths and newborn deaths usually occur within 48 hours of delivery. In Cameroon, despite all the initiatives set up by the Ministry of Public Health to reduce the mortality rate, the situation remains alarming in terms of postnatal consultation; this is much more felt in the West region of Cameroon, which is one of the most affected regions because 43.1% of women who give birth in hospitals do not return to postnatal consultation and this rate is higher than the national average with a value of 21.5%. Objective:This work aims to determine the factors influencing postnatal follow-up in the Bafang Health District. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study for analytical purposes, carried out in the Bafang Health District between January 1 to November 30, 2017. Our study population consisted of all women of childbearing age living in the Bafang Health District during the study period. The variables studied were sociodemographic characteristics, socio-cultural characteristics and the provision of care. Results: Analysis carried out during this study, it appears that, the person who informs the women on the dates of rendez-vous during the CPoN (OR = 2.92; [95%CI = 1.16-7,]; p-value = 0.02), women who think the appropriate period of postnatal follow-up is 6 weeks postpartum (OR = 4.27, [95%CI = 1.47-12.39], p-value = 0.00 ) and those who massage the abdomen after childbirth (OR = 2.62, [95%CI = 1.34 - 5.12], p-value = 0.00) are more likely to have knowledge about follow-up postnatal. While women who have no knowledge of postnatal follow-up (OR = 0.18, 95%CI = 0.07-0.45, p-value = 0.00) are less likely to have more knowledge. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge of the existence and importance of postnatal consultation (CPoN), traditional practices are the factors that influence postnatal follow-up in the Bafang Health District. A good and effective care for women after childbirth requires increased awareness campaigns at the hospital level as well as in community settings.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on the Knowle...ijtsrd
Malnutrition and Tuberculosis chronic infectious disease are both problems of considerable magnitude in the most underdeveloped regions of the world. Malnutrition can leads to secondary immunodeficiency that increase the host susceptibility to infection. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on the knowledge and practice regarding dietary pattern among mothers of children with tuberculosis admitted in pediatric ward. Quasi experimental with two groups pre test post test design was used for 60 mothers at IPD and OPD of pediatric department and purposive sampling technique was used. Self structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and checklist for practice. In post test experimental group mothers have 63.3 average knowledge, 26.6 poor knowledge and 10 good knowledge while in the control group, 53.3 poor knowledge, 46.6 average knowledge and non hove good knowledge. In experimental group mean score was 17.9 1.96 while in control group mean score was 11.8 2.99. At the “p” value 0.05, the calculated t value 3.21 was compared with the tabulated value 2.01 . In post test experimental group, mothers have 53.3 good practice, 46.6 average practice and none have poor practice while in the control group, 63.33 average practice, 23.3 poor practice and 13.3 good practice. In experimental group mean score was 19.13 1.99 while in the control group, mean score was 14.06 2.85.At the “p” value 0.05, the calculated t value 3.28 was compared with the tabulated value 2.01 . These finding reveals that the planned teaching program on dietary pattern was effective. Mrs. Anchal Tiwari | Mrs. Anugrah Charan | Dr. Sarika Gupta "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on the Knowledge and Practice Regarding Dietary Pattern among Mothers of Children with Tuberculosis Admitted in Pediatric Ward at KGMU Hospital, Lucknowv" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38591.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38591/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-program-on-the-knowledge-and-practice-regarding-dietary-pattern-among-mothers-of-children-with-tuberculosis-admitted-in-pediatric-ward-at-kgmu-hospital-lucknowv/mrs-anchal-tiwari
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude on Birth Preparednes...ijtsrd
Statement of problem “A Descriptive study to assess the knowledge and attitude on birth preparedness among primigravida mothers attending Gynae OPD at Civil Hospital Sangrur, Punjab.†A Descriptive research design was used for the present study. A study sample of primigravida mothers. Data was collected by knowledge questionnaire and likert scale. The data was analysed in the terms of frequency, percentage, distribution. Material and method A study to assess the knowledge and attitude on birth preparedness among primigravida mothers attending Gynae OPD at civil hospital Sangrur, Punjab. Descriptive research design was used. The sample size was 100 of Primigravida mothers under Purposive sampling technique. Knowledge was assessed by structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude was assessed by Likert scale. Result It was found that most of Primigravida mothers shows that 77 77 had Average knowledge and mostly Primigravida mothers shows that 97 97 had neutral attitude. The correlation between knowledge and attitude was significant. . Conclusion The study concluded that, the level of knowledge of primigravida mothers was average knowledge and attitude was neutral. Tejdeep Kaur | Mr. Prabhjot Singh | Dr. Rajwant Randhawa "A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude on Birth Preparedness among Primigravida Mothers Attending Gynae OPD at Civil Hospital Sangrur, Punjab" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47835.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/47835/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-and-attitude-on-birth-preparedness-among-primigravida-mothers-attending-gynae-opd-at-civil-hospital-sangrur-punjab/tejdeep-kaur
Knowledge and Practice of Immunization amongst the care-givers of 12-23 month...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Study on utilization of antenatal care and outcome of pregnancy in a medical ...Sudipta Naskar
A study on Ante-natal care utilization by the mothers in Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital done by the 3rd Professional (Part I) M.B.B.S. students of Calcutta National Medical College under the guidance of the teachers of Community Medicine.
Maternal perception about neonatal jaundice in eastern nepal a qualitative studydineshdharel13
The perception of mothers regarding recognition, seriousness, causes and treatment of jaundice in their newborn babies mostly reflected their own misconceptions about this common neonatal problem. The experience of mothers caring for children with jaundice in their neonatal period along with the influence of their family and society evidently shaped their perceptions about neonatal jaundice.
Knowledge Regarding Immunization among Mothers of Under Five Childrenijtsrd
Introduction Immunizations is one of the most successful and core effective public health investigation to bring future generation healthy. According to Health and Family welfare Dept of India, the under five child mortality rate was 28 per 1000 live births 2021 and six killer disease are among the major cause for death of children. Method and material A quantitative survey research design was used to assess the knowledge regarding immunization among mothers of under five children. The study was conducted in Doiwala Block in Dehradun.108 under five children mothers were selected by Non probability Convenient sampling technique. Data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential analysis method Results Research finding reveals that less than half 39.81 of mother’s had good knowledge, 33 30.55 mothers had very good knowledge, and very less 8.33 had excellent knowledge regarding benefits of immunization for children Conclusion Based on the research findings it was concluded that maximum mothers not have excellent knowledge regarding advantages of child immunization in rural area, to achieve 100 immunization of children, we have need awareness programme for mothers in rural community areas. Ms. A. Dimri | Mr. A Bijalwan | Ms. A. Gurung | Ms. A Semwal | Ms. A. Kalura | Mr. Atul Kumar | Mr. Suresh Chander "Knowledge Regarding Immunization among Mothers of Under Five Children" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50512.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/50512/knowledge-regarding-immunization-among-mothers-of-under-five-children/ms-a-dimri
Patient compliance: Challenges in management of cardiac diseases in Kuala Lum...pharmaindexing
Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the degree of compliance among cardiac patients who attend the health facilities in Kuala Lumpur and Perak, Malaysia. The reasons for non-compliance and recommendations from healthcare professionals were also evaluated.
Method
A cross-sectional study of 400 patients and 100 healthcare professionals was carried out. This study utilizes variables on external factors and internal factors as the measurement tools. The questionnaire which consists of Morisky self-reported medication adherence questions was administered to patients and causes for non-compliance sought. Questionnaire for healthcare professionals was used to determine strategies that can improve compliance rate.
Results
The study revealed a 15.8% of high adherence rate, 54.3% of moderate adherence rate and 30% of poor adherence to cardiovascular disease medications. The chi-square tests showed the strong association between dependent and independent variables. The model chosen for testing the patient compliance through external and internal factors gives an R2 value of 85.0% with an adjusted R2 of 84.7%. The F value (317.187) was also significant (p=0.000) which means that the variables have better fit in the multivariate model. The major reasons determined for non-adherence were attitudes and beliefs, lifestyle, side effects and cost of medications. The study recommends that pharmacists and dispensing technicians should be adequately qualified to provide proper counselling to cardiac patients on their medicines and disease conditions.
Conclusion
The result of this study is of value to health care providers. Compliance to cardiovascular medications will avoid treatment failures encountered in therapy.
Overview on Recurrence Pregnancy Loss etiology and risk factorspharmaindexing
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) can be defined as more than two to three consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks’ gestation; it affects approximately 1% to 2% of women. RPL is a multifactorial disease. It is very important to study the etiology and risk factors of RPL to find the best diagnostic tests and suitable therapeutic intervention. This article will discuss the current understanding etiologies and risk factors of RPL.
Novel treatments for asthma: Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory agents.pharmaindexing
Asthma management is a challenge due to the prevalence of disease in the world. Based on the immunological and inflammatory mechanisms of asthma, corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory participate greatly in the treatment plan. Due to different reasons, there is still an unmet need to develop new agents in this field. A lot of compounds with anti-inflammatory effect are investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical studies.
A review on liver disorders and screening models of hepatoprotective agentspharmaindexing
The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It has a wide range of functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of bio chemicals necessary for digestion. The liver is necessary for survival; there is currently no way to compensate for the absence of liver function long term, although liver dialysis can be used short term.
Carbamazepine induced Steven Johnson syndrome: A case reportpharmaindexing
Drugs are the most common cause that induces Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) and includes antiepileptic drugs, antiretroviral drugs, anti-tuberculosis drugs, Sulphonamides, fluoroquinolones, penicillins, non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Multivitamins. The genetic markers are also the cause for carbamazepine induced Steven Johnson Syndrome. In our study, the antiepileptic drug (Carbamazepine) is the cause for Steven Johnson Syndrome. A female patient aged 25 years came to the hospital with the complaints of bubbling over the skin and all over the body with papillary vesicles associated with pain and irritation, fever, myalgia, and nausea. The patient is known case of Phenytoin induced Steven Johnson Syndrome. In this case the patient developed the Steven Johnson Syndrome approximately after one month after starting the carbamazepine.By the withdrawal of the drug, the condition of the patient was improved.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
Monoherbal formulation development for laxative activitypharmaindexing
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia specifically approves flaxseed as a poultice for boils externally and demulcent or laxative internally. In this study monoherbal formulation development for laxative activity of flaxseed was undertaken. The plantLinumusitatissimumhasshowed higher percentage of total ash as well as alcohol soluble extractive values. The aqueous extract of Linumusitatissimumwas prepared by using pilot scale extraction plant and spray drying unit. The qualitative phytochemical studies reveal the presence of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins. From the available literatures it was found that Linumusitatissimum contains more number of amino acids. The formulated tablets showed acceptable pharmacopoeial limits and complies with specifications for thickness, hardness, friability and weight variation. The formulation has showed better laxative activity indicating additive property of the combined phytoconstituents of the plant.
Pneumonia and respiratory failure from swine origin influenza H1n1pharmaindexing
Swine influenza (swine flu) became alarming health concern when World Health Organization declared as “public health emergency of international concern” on April 25, 2009. After documentation of human-to-human transmission of the virus in at least three countries of two WHO regions, the WHO raised the pandemic level to 6.1 During the 1918, flu pandemic infected one-third of the world's population (an estimated 500 million people) and caused approximately 50 million deaths.2 In 1976, an outbreak of swine influenza occurred in New Jersey, USA, which involved more than 200 cases, some of them severe, resulting in one death.3 In 1988, another fatality was reported as a complication of swine influenza.
Late 19th century was evident of intelligent biomaterial; which has changed researcher’s perspective towards science and technology. This intelligent biomaterial are envisioned to have huge impact on Healthcare from sequential signalling of biomedical molecule, mimicking natural gene, an effective drug carrier, to high resolution diagnostic tool.From drug discovery aspect many of NCE fail to reach therapeutic potential due to PK/ PD profile. Nanotechnology has changed the face of drug discovery form chemical evaluation to structure of proteins in signalling pathways and development of chemical antibody. Nanotechnology from lab to market approval is long process due to regulatory evaluation. Though it seems to be bright future market it has to go through a long process from being innovation to complete market product. This makes whole process expensive making investor reluctant to invest in big projects.Western world is aware of dramatic potential of nano-projects; which has its limitation in financial investments; with major challenge of transforming nano science to commercial pharmaceutical product.
The Flaws in health practice in post-operative management of a patient in ter...pharmaindexing
Introduction
Congenital urinary tract obstructions are common cause of kidney damage sometimes which sometimes presents itself without symptoms leading to abnormalities in blood filtration and consequently retarded kidney function. A cohort study was conducted in such patient to find out the short comings in treatment strategy.
Case presentation
A four years old child, weighing 14 kg was brought with severe constipation, fever, chest congestion and cough later developed left eye disorientation after admission to hospital, diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction, indicating acidosis and loss of electrolytes due to excessive loss of water. His therapy management included surgical treatment, dialysis and to improve his electrolyte levels within the normal with the treatment chest congestion and fever.
Conclusion
This case study reports the post operative treatment of congenital urinary tract obstructions in a tertiary care hospital and highlights the discrepancies observed. Antibiotic rationality and irrational prescribing was observed. The case study highlights the need of a clinical pharmacist in the health care team.
Corticosteroid induced disorders – An overviewpharmaindexing
Glucocorticoids are important in the treatment of many inflammatory, allergic, immunologic, and malignant disorders, and the toxicity of glucocorticoids is one of the commonest causes of iatrogenic illness associated with chronic inflammatory disease.Glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy is characterized by fast-twitch or type II muscle fiber atrophy. Corticosteroid (CS) therapy is widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.Osteoporosis remains one of its major complications.Steroid induced glaucoma is a form of open angle glaucoma occurring as an adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy. Glucocorticoids induce hepatic and extrahepatic insulin resistance.Glucocorticoid treatment impairs both glucose transport in fat and muscle cells. Corticosteroid-induced psychosis represents a spectrum of psychological changes that can occur at any time during treatment. Cushing’s syndrome describes the signs and symptoms associated with prolonged exposure to inappropriately high levels of the hormone cortisol. Physicians must be aware of these adverse effects and be equipped to manage them.
Anti-inflammatory activity of pupalia lappacea L. Jusspharmaindexing
Pupalia lappacea (L) Juss is an erect shrub used in folklore medicine to treat bone fractures and in inflammatory conditions. Methanolic extract of aerial parts shown is claimed in traditional medicine that the leaves of the plant are used in the treatment of inflammation. In the present study, the methanolic extract of Pupalia lappacea was screened for its anti-inflammatory activity using carageenan induced rat paw edema egg white induced paw oedema models. The methanolic extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg p.o exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw edema model (p<0.01). In egg white induced model, methanolic extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg inhibited paw oedema significantly (p<0.01) indicating that both test samples inhibit the increase in number of fibroblasts and synthesis of collagen and mucopolysaccharides during prostaglandin formation during the inflammation. These experimental results have established a pharmacological evidence for the folklore claim of the drug to be used as an anti inflammatory agent. HPTLC analysis of the extract shows the presence of gallic acid 1.24mg/ml, ferulic acid 2.00mg/ml, chlorogenic acid 46.25mg/ml and rutin 7.02mg/ml of the extract which were responsible for the claimed anti-inflammatory action in the animal models studied.
Lucinactant: A new solution in treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrom...pharmaindexing
Lucinactant is a novel synthetic surfactant, approved by the FDA on March 6th 2012, for use in treatment of RDS. It’s superiority as compared to the previously approved surfactants lie in containing sinapultide, a 21-amino acid peptide also known as KL4 peptide, which has been designed to mimic the activity of human surfactant protein. Lucinactant is completely devoid of any animal derived components. It is the fifth drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of RDS. It has shown immense efficacy in phase two clinical trials and animal model studies and exhibited better efficiency when compared to other surfactants in both 24 hour and two week mortality rates of infants in RDS. Lucinactant tends reduce the surface tension at the air-liquid interface of alveolar surfaces and allows lungs to function normally. It was observed that the side effects were lesser with Lucinactant when compared with other naturally derived surfactants.
Bioactivity screening of Soil bacteria against human pathogenspharmaindexing
Microorganisms have a profound effect on medical science as they not only infect & cause disease but also produce metabolic products that can cure infections. Soil happens to be a source for a variety of microorganisms. Most of the bacteria, particularly actinomycetes produce biologically active secondary metabolites. Though there are a number of antibiotics available, there is a pressing need for the discovery of new source for antimicrobials against the pathogens due to the development of drug resistance of the pathogenic microorganisms. In addition to, new pathogenic strains are also developing and causing infection to human beings. Bioactive compounds are compounds that are produced by any living organism and are known to exhibit various biological activities both in-vitro & in-vivo. Bioactivity may be antimicrobial, antineoplastic, anticancerous, immunomodulation, antifertility & others. Soil bacteria were isolated by standard technique and by making use of selective media. The isolates were identified and subjected for preliminary screening to look for their ability to produce bioactive materials. A total of 96 strains were isolated from three different soil samples. 14 of them were found to have antibacterial activity against the human pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, E.coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aureginosa and Salmonella typhi by preliminary screening. Further the selected (3) bacteria were grown in the suitable culture media for the production of bioactive metabolites by using rotary shake flask. The active metabolites was isolated by solvent extraction and concentrated by evaporation under reduced pressure. The antimicrobial screening of the active metabolites showed prominent effect against the clinical pathogens under the study.
A study on sigmoid Volvulus presentation and managementpharmaindexing
A study on sigmoid volvulus presentation and management was a 2yr retrospective study done at RMMCH.The diagnosis of sigmoid volvulus was made from a history of large bowel obstruction (constipation, abdominal distension, and abdominal pain), which were often recurrent and plain abdominal radiographs.The morbidity associated isSuperficial wound infection occurred in four patients. All the infected wounds eventually healed with conservative measures. Clinical anastomotic dehiscence was noted in 1 patient for which during relaparotomy proximal colostomy and mucous fistula was done. The mortality associated is shown is there were 9 deaths of which 7 were due to sepsis and 2 were due to comorbid illness. Two out of eight patients for whom a colopexy was done had a recurrent attack of sigmoid volvulus. The duration of hospital stay ranged between 10 and 21 days. Use of sigmoidoscopic detorsion for viable colon should be encouraged. Sigmoidopexy, which is associated with a recurrence rate of 20% in our series of patients, should be used selectively.Hartmann’s procedure is a safe option in sigmoid volvulus with gangrenous bowel. Primary anastomosis in emergency situation can be carried out with morbidity and mortality in patients with viable colon
Evaluation of Preliminary phytochemical on various some medicinal plantspharmaindexing
The present study was carried out to evaluate the physical status and percentage yield of methanolic extract and its fractions of whole plant of Leucas cephalotes, leaves of Hiptage benghalensis and leaves of Kydia calycina were recorded for future references and Preliminary phytochemical screening of MLC, MHB and MKC revealed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroidal and phenolic compounds. MLC revealed the presence of all the above mentioned phytoconstituents except saponins and also MKC steroidal compounds. The fractions of MLC, MHB and MKC revealed the presence of glycosides, phenolic compounds, steroids and flavonoids.
Comparision of in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoperazone and levofloxac...pharmaindexing
Cefoperazone (a third generation cephalosporin) has effective in vitro activity against majority of pathogens. Levofloxacin (a flouroquinolone) is one which prescribed more due to its increased antibacterial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical bacteria. Microbial resistance to antibiotics is now prevalent and poses a serious clinical threat. An attempt has been made to evaluate sensitivity of Cefoperazone and Levofloxacin against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. A total of 120 isolates were collected from different pathological laboratories and medical centers in Karachi, Pakistan. The above stated clinical isolates were extracted from urine/stool, skin, blood and sputum samples. Results show least resistance of Levofloxacin as compare to Cefoperazone against Escherichia coli (32.5% and 42.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36% and 48%) while Staphylococcus aureus is still susceptible towards Cefoperazone and least sensitive to Levofloxacin by showing 26.6% and 50% resistance respectively. Study concluded that the prevalent pathogens are still susceptible towards Levofloxacin and Cefoperazone but the gradual increase in resistance is alarming to the general practice of prescribing antibiotic which require routine evaluation and surveillance to ensure the effectiveness of the antibacterial agents.
Concept of srotas from ayurvedic perspective with special reference to neurologypharmaindexing
Ayurveda is a life science. The researchers of ayurveda could rule out the presence of srotas (channels) spreading throughout the human body. These srotas (channels) are governed by vayu which is using all the srotas (channels) of the body to carry out the functional and physiological activities of the human body without which the human society will not exist. Several synonymous words have been described by the ayurvedicacharyas for srotas. Some are micro and some are macro in structures and they adopt the same colour of the particular dhatus of the body to which it belongs. The aim of the study is to justify that srotas are nothing but innurmerable channels or pathways of the nervous system governed by electric current without which no functional and physiological activities of the human body will develope.
Health promotion survey in overweight and obese students of universities in n...pharmaindexing
Introduction
Overweight and obesity is one of the major health problems in the UK and worldwide. Approximately two-thirds of the population in the UK is either overweight or obese. Overweight and obesity is an important issue that causes distress to most women. Health promotion is the best method to educate overweight and obese women. It is defined as the process enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health by Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. It is aimed to enhance the well-being of the individuals and their positive attitudes towards prevention of various diseases. In order to make any improvement to the health promotion for overweight and obesity, the risk factors and the opinions from the public should first be identified and addressed.
Methods
Cross-sectional survey design was selected with a questionnaire that consisted of 20 open and close ended questions. A sample size of 196 was determined. The data thus gathered was analyzed using SPSS V20 (Statistical Package for Social Science version 20). Descriptive statistics (fx) and (SD) were used and Chi-square X2 test for association was employed.
Results
Out of the total 196 responses, only (40%) of the students had normal weight (SD 1.1), (25%) students had a good understanding of health promotion (SD 1.6), half (50%) appeared concerned about their weight (SD 0.5), (60%) had an obese family member (0.5). The BMI of students was associated with the presence of an obese member in their family and their weight as a concern for them. (P-value <0.05).
Conclusion
The health promotion service is beneficial as it was found to have raised concerns in the mind of the students regarding over weight and obesity. However it was observed that the understanding of health promotion service was different among students and this is the root of the problem.
A study on current marketed formulation of unani medicine used in the treatme...pharmaindexing
can be divided into two types according to presence or absence of sugar in urine viz. ZIABETUS SADA(Ziabetus Barid) and ZIABETUS SHAKRI (Ziabetus Har). Diabetes Mellitus (Zayabetus) is one of the most important lifestyle related disorders that is mostly widespread in urban areas. The Unani system of originated in Greece. Hippocrates is known as the father of Unani system of medicine. The theoretical framework of Unani system of medicine is based on his teachings.After a number of other greek Scholars enriched the system considerably. Of the Galen (131-120 AD) stands out as the one who established its foundation on which Arab physicians like Rhazes (850-925 AD) and Avicenna (980-1037 AD) constructed an imposing edifice. The number of people around the World suffering from diabetes has skyrocketed in the last two decades, from 30 to 230 millions. East Asian countries have the highest burden of diabetes. India comprises of 85% of the adult population of Southeast Asia and therefore the major contribution to diabetic population in South East Asia is from India. It has been estimated that India, considered as the diabetic capital of the World with more than 32 milion diabetes patients would continue to lead even at 2030 ith a whopping 80 million diabetics. So many brands and formulations are available in market like-Diab-Eaze,Dolabi Tablets,Herbo Diabecon,Gurmar Capsules,Neem Capsules,Fenugreek Capsules,Safoof- E- Ziabetes- Dulabi.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
The hemodynamic and autonomic determinants of elevated blood pressure in obes...
A descriptive study on newborn care among postnatal mothers in selected maternity centersin Madurai, Tamilnadu.
1. Darling .B. jiji et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-2(2) 2014 [119-124]
* Corresponding author: Darling .B. jiji
E-mail address: jijinjijin2000@gmail.com www.ijamscr.com
~ 119 ~
IJAMSCR |Volume 2 | Issue 2 | April - June - 2014
www.ijamscr.com
Research article
A descriptive study on newborn care among postnatal
mothers inselected maternity centersin madurai, Tamilnadu.
Darling .B. jiji1
*, Ranjita.S. Wankhede2
, Bazil Alfred Benjamin3
1
Lecturer in college of nursing, Sebha University, Sebha.
2
Asst .Lecturer in college of nursing, Sebha University, Sebha.
3
Radiographer in Ministry of health, Brack, Shathi.
ABSTRACT
The newborn health challenge faced by India is more formidable than that experienced by any other
country in the world. The newborn health is inevitably affected by the traditional care practices of the
mothers causing high infant morbidity and mortality.The aim of the study were determine the
knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care and find out the
association between knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new born care and
to determine the association between these as well as with the selected demographic variables. A
descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers
regarding new born care in selected maternity centres in Madurai. Survey approach was employed to
select sample and it consisted of 100 postnatal mothers. Data was collected using structured interview
schedule. Findings of the study showed that 65% of postnatal mothers had moderate knowledge; 61%
had favourable attitude and 57% of them had high practice of new born care. There was a
significant association between knowledge and attitude (r=+0.567), knowledge and practice (r=+0.388),
attitude and practice (r=+0.321) .There was a significant association between knowledge and education,
monthly family income and obstetrical score at p<0.05. Findings of the study indicated the need to
conduct frequent assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers regarding new
born care. Awareness and attitude of the mothers towards new born care still has lots of lacunae
especially in those who belong to the lower socio economic statusand poorly educated postnatal
mothers. So it is imperative to provide comprehensive training in the field of new born care for mothers
during pregnancy.
Key words: Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, Postnatal mother, Newborn care.
INTRODUCTION
Child birth and neonatal period have great
emotional effect on families and could be
considered as a new experience in life.
Neonatal mortality is the most leading cause of
mortality in under 5 year children. It is
estimated that out of 3.9 million neonatal death
occur worldwide, almost 30% occur in India [1].
Care practices immediately after delivery play
a major role in causing neonatal
morbidities and mortalities. Essential new born
care practices were outlined to decrease the
neonatal morbidity and mortalities [2,3].
All new-borns get care as per the perception
and socio- cultural behaviour of the society.
New born care is strongly influenced by
women’s social status, health status and home
care practices for mother and new born care
services[3].
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences
and Clinical Research (IJAMSCR)
2. Darling .B. jiji et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-2(2) 2014 [119-124]
In India 25 million babies are born every year
which accounts for 20% of global birth,
1million die before completing the 4 first week
of life. This accounts for nearly 25% of the
total the total 3.9 million neonatal deaths
worldwide[4]. The major causes of neonatal
deaths reported include prematurity 28%, sepsis
and pneumonia 26%, birth asphyxia and
injuries 23%, tetanus 7%, congenital anomalies
7% and diarrhoea[5].
Insufficient knowledge of parents regarding new
born care could lead to parent’s confusion,
decrease quality of care and threaten neonatal
health. Neonatal care include clean cord care,
thermal care, initiating breastfeeding immediately
after birth (within one hour ) and immunization.
The traditional practices like applying cow
dung on the umbilical stump, oil instillation
into nose etc also contribute to new-born’s risk
of morbidity and mortality[6,7].
Objectives of this study were to :
1. Determine the existing knowledge of
postnatal mothers regarding new born care.
2. Determine the attitude of postnatal mothers
regarding new born care .
3. Determine the practices of postnatal
mothers regarding new born care .
4. Find out the relationship between
knowledge, attitude and practices of
postnatal mothers regarding new born care.
5. Determine the association between
knowledge and selected demographic
variables of postnatal mothers regarding
new born care.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To achieve the objectives a descriptive research
design was adopted. The population of the
study included the postnatal mothers who were
admitted and delivered in selected maternity
centres of Madurai Corporation. Thus 100
postnatal mothers were selected using simple
random sampling technique. A structured
interview schedule was used to collect the data.
It consisted of four parts, viz. Part –I that
helped to collect the demographic data of
neonate and postnatal mother; Part – II that was
aimed at assessing the postnatal mother’s
knowledge about new born care.Thequestionnaire
consisted of34 questions.The knowledge score
were categorized as follows: 0 -50% inadequate
knowledge; 51- 75% moderately adequate
knowledge; 76- 100% adequate knowledge. Part –
III consisted of Likert type attitude scale to
assess the attitude regarding new born care. It
consisted of 22 items. The attitude level were
categorized based on scores obtained as
unfavourable (<50%), moderate (51-75 %) and
favourable attitude (>75%). Part- IV consisted of
13 questions, as checklist to assess the practices
of mothers on new born care. The level of
practice was categorized arbitrarily based on
scores obtained as inadequate (<50), moderate
(50-75) and adequate (>75%). The prepared tool
was validated by experts. The reliability of the
tool was found to be r =0.98.
RESULTS
The study sample consisted of 100 postnatal
mothers. Table 1, shows that majority of
postnatal mothers 57% were below 20 years age;
most of postnatal mothers 64 belongs to Hindu
religion; 50 of them had education up to high
school; 93 of them were not working; 46 of
them had the income Rs. 2001 – 6000; most of
them 64 belongs to joint type of family; 96
postnatal mothers were non- vegetarians; 66 had
obstetrical score of multipara; 92 were had
below 1 weeks of postnatal days; and 28 got
antenatal care from private doctor and only 3
postnatal mothers had no antenatal care.
Table 2 shows that out of 100, 65% postnatal
mothers had moderate knowledge, 22%had
inadequate knowledge and 13% had adequate
knowledge regarding new born care among
postnatal mothers. Table 3 shows that 61% had
a favourable attitude and
none of them had unfavourable attitude towards
new born care. The highest scores were found
in the aspect of immunization followed by a
favourable attitude towards father’s role in new
born care and towards breast feeding.
Table 4 shows that more than half postnatal
mothers 57% had high practice level, 43% had
moderate practice level and none with low
practical level. The highest mean scores were
found in the aspect of basic new born care
followed by immunization. The lowest mean
score was found in the aspect of breast
feeding. This shows a low breast feeding
practice among mothers.Table 6 and Table 7
Correlation was computed between knowledge
and attitude, knowledge and knowledge and
practice and practice and attitudes. All of which
showed a significant correlation at 0.05 level .
3. Darling .B. jiji et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-2(2) 2014 [119-124]
www.ijamscr.com
~ 121 ~
Table 1.Percentage distribution of socio demographic variables. N=100
Variables Frequency Percentage
Age ( in years )
Below 20
21 -30
31- 40
Above 41
57
41
2
-
57
41
2
-
Religion
Hindu
Christian
Muslim
64
11
25
64
11
25
Education
Illiterate
Primary school
High school
Higher secondary
College
6
50
40
3
1
6
50
40
3
1
Occupation
Working
Not working
7
93
7
93
Monthly family income
Below Rs. 2000
Rs .2001 - 6000
Rs . 6001 - 10000
Above Rs. 10000
16
46
34
4
16
46
34
4
Type of family
Joint family
Nuclear family
64
36
64
36
Dietary pattern
Vegetarian
Non – vegetarian
4
96
4
96
Obstetrical score
Primi para
Multi para
34
66
34
66
Number of postnatal days
Below 1 week
2 – 3 weeks
4 – 5 weeks
6 weeks
92
8
-
-
92
8
-
-
Type of antenatal care
Primary health care
Secondary health care
Tertiary health care
Private doctor
Health worker
No antenatal care
20
16
26
27
8
3
20
16
26
27
8
3
4. Darling .B. jiji et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-2(2) 2014 [119-124]
Table: 2a. knowledge aspects of postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Knowledge aspects Statements Max.score Mean SD Mean
(%)
SD
(%)
Basic concept of new born care 4 4 2.28 0.8 57.0 19.8
Breast feeding in new born baby 9 9 5.43 1.6 60.3 18.3
Maintenance of temperature & prevention of
hypothermia
5 5 2.74 1.2 54.8 23.5
Prevention of infection 9 9 6.17 1.8 68.6 19.9
Immunization 2 2 1.08 0.6 54.0 28.1
Danger signs in new born 5 5 3.12 1.1 62.4 21.1
Combined 34 34 20.82 4.5 61.2 13.1
Table: 2b. knowledge level of postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Knowledge level Category Frequency Percentage
Inadequate ≤50% score 22 22.0
Moderate 51-75% score 65 65.0
Adequate >75% score 13 13.0
Table: 3a. Attitude aspects of postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Attitude aspects Statements Max.
score
Mean SD Mean (%) SD (%)
Basic concept of new born care 2 10 6.58 1.7 65.8 17.2
Breast feeding in new born baby 5 25 20.33 4.1 81.3 16.3
Thermal protection 4 20 14.03 3.1 70.2 15.3
Prevention of infection 7 35 27.92 3.7 79.8 10.7
Immunization 2 10 9.40 0.9 94.0 9.3
Diarrhoea management 1 5 3.66 1.7 73.2 34.0
Father role in new born care 1 5 4.09 1.2 81.8 24.5
Combined 22 110 86.01 9.6 78.2 8.8
Table: 3b. Attitude levelof postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Attitude level Category Frequency Percentage
Unfavourable ≤ 50% score - -
Moderate 51-75% score 39 39
Favourable >75% score 61 61
Table: 4a. Practice aspects of postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Practice aspects Statements Max. score Mean SD Mean (%)
Basic concept of new born care 2 2 1.93 0.3 96.5
Breast feeding in new born baby 4 4 2.16 1.0 54.0
Thermal protection 3 3 2.43 0.7 81.0
Prevention of infection 3 3 2.48 0.6 82.7
Immunization 1 1 0.89 0.3 89.0
Combined 13 13 9.89 1.5 76.18
5. Darling .B. jiji et al / Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Research Vol-2(2) 2014 [119-124]
www.ijamscr.com
~ 123 ~
Table: 4b. Practice level of postnatal mothers regarding new born care N=100
Practice level Category Frequency Percentage
Low ≤50% score - -
Moderate 51-75% score 43 43.0
High >75% score 57 57.0
Table :5 Scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of the new born care among
postnatal mothers N= 100
Aspects Statements Max. score Mean SD Mean (%)
Knowledge 34 34 20.82 4.5 61.2
Attitude 22 110 86.01 9.6 78.2
Practice 13 13 9.89 1.5 76.1
Table : 6 Correlation between knowledge, attitude and practice of the new born care
among postnatal mothers N=100
Parameters correlated r- value p-value
Knowledge & Attitude ( KA) +0.567 P<0.01
Knowledge & Practice ( KP ) +0.388 P<0.05
Attitude & Practice (AP ) +0.321 P<0.05
CONCLUSION
Assessment of knowledge regarding new born
care among postnatal mothers revealed showed
that 65% of postnatal mothers had moderate
knowledge; 61% had favourable attitude and
57% of them had high practice of new born
care. There was a significant association
between knowledge and attitude (r=+0.567),
knowledge and practice (r=+0.388), attitude and
practice (r=+0.321). There was a significant
association between knowledge and education,
monthly family income and obstetrical score at
p<0.05. The WHO recommends for dry cord
care. 60% of postnatal mothers felt that there
was no need for any medication application on
the stump. A large proportion of postnatal
mothers 88% disagreed that application of ash,
cow dung, ghee on cord as essential. Low
practice scores were seen in the aspect of
breast feeding and discarding colostrum. Poor
knowledge, attitude and practice was associated
with young postnatal mothers, low education
and who had acquired their knowledge from
sources other than health workers. So it is
imperative to provide comprehensive training in
the field of new born and infant care for
mothers.
REFERENCES
[1] Senarath U, Fernando DN, Vimpani G, Rodrigo I, Factors associated with maternal knowledge of
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