A Comparative Study of Leadership Effectiveness I.E., Interpersonal Relations, Intellectual Operations, Behavioural and Emotional Stability, Ethical and Moral Strength, Operation as A Citizen between Male and Female in Mizo- Population.
The present title of the problem is “A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e.,
interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and emotional stability, ethical and moral strength,
operation as a citizen between male and female in Mizo- population”
A proposal that establishing a well-articulated organizational culture with engaging employees and effective leaders is essential to achieving and enhancing employee’s psychological health and workplace safety.
Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership Effectiveness in Service Sectorijtsrd
Leadership is always being an area to probe since ages. Leadership perspectives are found different continuously not only with ages but also with different category and type of organizations, leaderships has been a study with humungous dynamism. The way environment and organizations are changing, the challenges of leadership have also changed and new perspectives have taken place in industry related to leadership concept. This study is focused on understanding the influence through emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness in today’s time. The paper helps in understanding the role of emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness. The study is conducted in service organization of Pune and Mumbai. Only banks, education, retail and IT service leaders are considered for collection of data. The data is analysed by using correlation and regression analysis. The study found that emotional intelligence is highly correlated with leadership effectiveness and it is essential for any organization of service sector to have leaders with emotional intelligenece for effective performance of organization. Swati John "Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership Effectiveness in Service Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30573.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/30573/role-of-emotional-intelligence-in-leadership-effectiveness-in-service-sector/swati-john
Group #2 Report on "Organizational Behavior" for PA3 - Management in Organizations, College of Public Administration - Tarlac State University. Authored by Omar Navarro Dimarucot
A proposal that establishing a well-articulated organizational culture with engaging employees and effective leaders is essential to achieving and enhancing employee’s psychological health and workplace safety.
Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership Effectiveness in Service Sectorijtsrd
Leadership is always being an area to probe since ages. Leadership perspectives are found different continuously not only with ages but also with different category and type of organizations, leaderships has been a study with humungous dynamism. The way environment and organizations are changing, the challenges of leadership have also changed and new perspectives have taken place in industry related to leadership concept. This study is focused on understanding the influence through emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness in today’s time. The paper helps in understanding the role of emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness. The study is conducted in service organization of Pune and Mumbai. Only banks, education, retail and IT service leaders are considered for collection of data. The data is analysed by using correlation and regression analysis. The study found that emotional intelligence is highly correlated with leadership effectiveness and it is essential for any organization of service sector to have leaders with emotional intelligenece for effective performance of organization. Swati John "Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership Effectiveness in Service Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30573.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/30573/role-of-emotional-intelligence-in-leadership-effectiveness-in-service-sector/swati-john
Group #2 Report on "Organizational Behavior" for PA3 - Management in Organizations, College of Public Administration - Tarlac State University. Authored by Omar Navarro Dimarucot
The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Change Management...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
HOW AESTHETIC LEADERSHIP STYLE MIGHT RELATE TO EMPLOYEE MORALE AT WORKPLACE? ...JIANGUANGLUNG DANGMEI
Leadership plays an important role in shaping employee morale but organizations are facing the challenges of dealing low morale of employees. Studies have shown that poor leadership and heartless management are among numerous reasons for low morale among employees in the organizations and recent trends towards organizational downsizing and restructuring have negatively impacted employee morale leading to low organizational productivity and thus organizational transformation must be accompanied with maintaining moral responsibility. In this regard, the researchers explore the emerging aesthetic leadership style on how it might help to foster positive employee morale and found that aesthetic leadership style builds positive work environment which is crucial for employee morale at the workplace. It also creates positive feelings around the organizations by emphasizing on empathy, emotions, ethics, value-based and moral behavior. This paper analyzes the aesthetic leadership style with the implications for future leadership preparation to harness positive employee morale at the workplace and concludes that by considering aesthetic leadership style can boost positive employee morale necessary for enhancing organizational performances.
Meaning of HR and HRM, Nature & Scope of HRM, Functions of HRM, Role and Objectives of HRM, Personnel Management, Policies and Strategies and Recent Trends of HRM.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR- UNIT-5-BBA-OSMANIA UNIVERSITY, Organizational Culture , Factors influencing organizational culture, Morale, Types of Morale, Organizational Effectiveness, Indicators of organizational effectiveness, Achieving Organizational effectiveness, Managing conflict, Causes of conflict , How to manage conflicts in an organisation , Managing conflict with the boss , Managing conflict with peers/colleagues , Managing conflicts with the subordinates .
This pdf file may includes concept of organizational behaviour, characteristics of OB and it's importants to the business organization and leadership process with the major contributing disciplines of organization (Psychology, Social psychology, Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science). This pdf helpful to know about the emerging trends of OB ans d it's challenges and opportunities in an organization. It's also includes the belief systems, attitude of employees and managers towards organization and values and norms of the organization.
The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Change Management...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
HOW AESTHETIC LEADERSHIP STYLE MIGHT RELATE TO EMPLOYEE MORALE AT WORKPLACE? ...JIANGUANGLUNG DANGMEI
Leadership plays an important role in shaping employee morale but organizations are facing the challenges of dealing low morale of employees. Studies have shown that poor leadership and heartless management are among numerous reasons for low morale among employees in the organizations and recent trends towards organizational downsizing and restructuring have negatively impacted employee morale leading to low organizational productivity and thus organizational transformation must be accompanied with maintaining moral responsibility. In this regard, the researchers explore the emerging aesthetic leadership style on how it might help to foster positive employee morale and found that aesthetic leadership style builds positive work environment which is crucial for employee morale at the workplace. It also creates positive feelings around the organizations by emphasizing on empathy, emotions, ethics, value-based and moral behavior. This paper analyzes the aesthetic leadership style with the implications for future leadership preparation to harness positive employee morale at the workplace and concludes that by considering aesthetic leadership style can boost positive employee morale necessary for enhancing organizational performances.
Meaning of HR and HRM, Nature & Scope of HRM, Functions of HRM, Role and Objectives of HRM, Personnel Management, Policies and Strategies and Recent Trends of HRM.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR- UNIT-5-BBA-OSMANIA UNIVERSITY, Organizational Culture , Factors influencing organizational culture, Morale, Types of Morale, Organizational Effectiveness, Indicators of organizational effectiveness, Achieving Organizational effectiveness, Managing conflict, Causes of conflict , How to manage conflicts in an organisation , Managing conflict with the boss , Managing conflict with peers/colleagues , Managing conflicts with the subordinates .
This pdf file may includes concept of organizational behaviour, characteristics of OB and it's importants to the business organization and leadership process with the major contributing disciplines of organization (Psychology, Social psychology, Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science). This pdf helpful to know about the emerging trends of OB ans d it's challenges and opportunities in an organization. It's also includes the belief systems, attitude of employees and managers towards organization and values and norms of the organization.
Similar to A Comparative Study of Leadership Effectiveness I.E., Interpersonal Relations, Intellectual Operations, Behavioural and Emotional Stability, Ethical and Moral Strength, Operation as A Citizen between Male and Female in Mizo- Population.
DIVERSITY IN ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 8
Diversity in Organizational Psychology
Timothy Weaver
Southern New Hampshire University
Industrial / Organizational Psychology
Professor Hanna
June 9, 2021
Diversity in Organizational Psychology ??
Leadership and Motivation I am confused with your headers. Are you doing Diversity or Motivation?
Introduction
Motivating employees in any given organization is one of the most crucial aspect of leadership as it determines the level of performance and direction undertaken by the staff members. Leadership in the organizational setting entails the ability of the top management to utilize the available workforce as well as the readily available resources to attain the objectives and the goals of the organization. Researchers and scholars have identified that leaders play a vital role in directing the efforts and intensity of the workers through the empowering the employees (Hays-Thomas, 2016). Motivation is one of the best tools that the leaders in successful organizations utilize to maintain a higher level of productivity in each season. Leaders have a huge responsibility in the organization in regardless of either being a supervisor, manager or the CEO of the company. These headers are centered, in APA.
Literature Review
The key terms vital in understanding, the discussion in the paper consists of leadership Style, Motivation and organization behavior, which will further become the subtopics of the literature review in the paper. This should be a minimum of 3 paragraphs. You should be telling me about at least 3 peer reviewed articles. Tell me a little about the three chosen articles. I’m really confused, most of your references are about diversity and you are writing about leadership, motivation and organizational behavior?
Ashikali and Groeneveld (2018) looked into ….
Guillaume et al., (2019) investigated…
Inegbedion et al., (2020) researched…Or whatever are your three articles.
Literature Review
Jin, Lee, and Lee, (2017) argue that there has been very little research on diversity and the role of diversity management. Jin et al., (2017) also argue that what few studies have been done have been flawed. Jin et al., (2017) found that minorities are less likely to feel positive about their jobs. According to Jin et al., (2017), sometimes the confusion about diversity lies with whose actual responsibility it is to manage diversity. Previous studies on diversity have looked at diversity activities promoting diversity and without investigating who should be implementing diversity policies (Jin et al., 2017). Jin et al., (2017), believes that leaders who practice inclusivity will have people that have a more positive outlook, as well as more group cohesiveness. In fact, Jin et al., (2017) believe that an inclusive leader will predict high job satisfaction in marginalized groups as opposed to whites.
Key Subtopics include: Diversity Manag ...
Annotated Bibliography – Part 115MGMT 8410 Assignment A.docxjustine1simpson78276
Annotated Bibliography – Part 1 15
MGMT 8410 Assignment: Annotated Bibliography – Part 1
Uchenna Ohaeri, [email protected]
Student ID #: A00647580
Program: PhD in Management
Specialization: Leadership and Organizational Change
Faculty: Terry McGovern, [email protected]
Walden University
September 4, 2016
Scandura, T. A., & Pellegrini, E. K. (2008). Trust and leader-member exchange: A closer look at relational vulnerability. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(2), 101–110. doi: 10.1177/1548051808320986
The study by Scandura and Pellegrini examined the effect of trust in a leader-member exchange (LMX) quality, which they conducted amongst 228 full-time employed professionals enrolled in an Executive MBA program at a large Southeastern University. The authors achieved this by espousing Lewicki, Bunker, and Stevenson’s 11-item scaling method, which explored the Calculus-Based Trust (CBT), and Identification-Based Trust (IBT) scales. The scales are rated on the Cronbach alpha index to show their proportionality and linearity with LMX. Scandura and Pellegrini’s study revealed that a third-order “S-shaped” polynomial relationship existed between the CBT and LMX. They also found out that a linear relationship existed between the IBT and LMX, thereby providing support for their Hypothesis number 2.
The authors’ work draws strength from some four decades of available leadership researches and their opposition with leadership styles. Their main proposition is connected to the fact that leaders differentiate in their dyadic relationship with followers rather than espousing a particular leadership style with other members of the team or group. According to them, recent studies has resulted to the LMX research development, which in their view, asserts that the supervisor–subordinate dyad exist between two different possibilities ranging from “low-quality” relationship to “high-quality” relationships.
Scandura & Pellegrini’s finding reveals the significance of trust in the leader as a valuable tool between LMX and performance. This is affirmative, as the LMX concept is analyzed as a “trust-building” process. The implications of this study of the social exchange theory (SET) are that it will help in providing strategies on how ethical leaders affect organizational goals and outcomes. Some researchers posit that the SET suggests that team members and employees requite the leaders' behavior on them on a mutual ground. Relationship in social exchange can eventually evolve which is characterized by good levels of trust and diminished levels of control. The important concern is that it is pertinent to note that some of the LMX parameters have measures that are directly correlated with the concept of trust. I contend that power distance, which is an important cultural factor in any social exchange, may have an influence in an LMX relationship. Consequently, further research should be conducted in order to investigate the.
Managing Emotional Intelligence for Effective Leadership in Organizationijtsrd
Leadership is described as the heart of every organization and it is a process of leading followers team. To get better outcome from the employees and to achieve the organizational goals, the leader should be able to understand the pulse of the employees and his or her own. This research study is to understand how the employees Emotional Intelligence can be enhanced for developing effective leadership skills within them. Emotional intelligence has become increasingly popular as a measure for identifying potentially effective leaders, as a tool for developing effective leadership skills. The aim of the present paper was to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and effective leadership. There are numerous definitions of such leadership that have come to light however these definitions have always been debatable. Most scholars agree that the concept of leadership does not ascribe to one specific definition however, provided the following definition of leadership in his landmark publication, leadership "Leaders inducing followers to act for certain goals that represent the values and the motivations - the wants and needs, the aspirations and expectations - of both leaders and followers Emotional intelligence correlated with several components transformational leadership suggesting that it may be an important components of effective leadership in particular emotional intelligence leader's monitors and respond to subordinates and make them feel at work. Dr. Seema Singh | Ms. Aditi "Managing Emotional Intelligence for Effective Leadership in Organization" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23629.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/23629/managing-emotional-intelligence-for-effective-leadership-in-organization/dr-seema-singh
Assignment 1 The Role of the Leader and the VisionIn this modul.docxdeanmtaylor1545
Assignment 1: The Role of the Leader and the Vision
In this module, you reviewed the role of organizational visions and the role of the leader with respect to the vision. When leaders are aware of their mental models and leadership skills, they are more equipped to recognize their connection to the vision and engage team members in a shared vision.
Use resources from professional literature in your research.
academic articles regarding the role of the leader and the vision of an organization. On the basis of your research and experience, in a minimum of 400 words, respond to the following points:
· Discuss at least three action items related to your organization's vision.
· Discuss how the organizational vision can influence ethics in an organization. How does modeling relate to the vision?
· Relate your discussion post to your professional and personal experiences, as applicable.
Designing the perfect leader
Understanding the roles of professionalism and personality
Review
One of the perennial challenges facing leaders is which side of the fence they sit on
regarding the “personality versus process” debate. Typically, one group of leaders will
firmly believe in the cult of personality, and will trust in their own vision and their will to
impose it on their organization. However, in the other camp, there will be those who believe
it is all about process and control, that “what can’t be measured, can’t be managed”. Sadly,
the greater challenge is often missed, which is not how you implement one over the other
but how you reconcile them.
No matter how clear a vision or policy the person at the top has, they are dealing with
people, and people will blur the edges, whatever the prevailing ethos. For example,
imagine that a company has a choice of candidates for a new Chief Executive officer
(CEO). One has a high achieving record as a finance director exerting complete control
over their divisional; the other is equally well qualified, but as a creative director in the
marketing division. Who will lead the company most effectively? Or more pertinently, who
will be able to dovetail the two key drivers of professionalism and personality?
Horns of a dilemma
This decision relates directly to the nub of the argument for an article by Mastrangelo et al.
(2014) entitled “The relationship between enduring leadership and organizational
performance”. In the paper, the authors seek to explore the effect of professional
leadership behaviors (task-oriented, setting up processes) and personal leadership
behaviors (people-oriented, trust-building) on the intentions of employees to cooperate.
The central thesis held by the authors is that employee intentions are controlled by
professional leadership, but this is done through the existence of personal leadership
behaviors.
Enduring leadership
Let us take the example, then, of the new CEO of the company above, where the Board
decided they needed someone who exhibited primarily professional leadership.
The positive affect of leadership on employee performance and its impact on i...Alexander Decker
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). Science, Technology and Medicine Journals Call for Academic Manuscripts
Similar to A Comparative Study of Leadership Effectiveness I.E., Interpersonal Relations, Intellectual Operations, Behavioural and Emotional Stability, Ethical and Moral Strength, Operation as A Citizen between Male and Female in Mizo- Population. (20)
Many countries have seen the importance of financial education by making financial
education a national strategy. In Vietnam, although the National Strategies for Inclusive Financial
Education has been proposed since 2017 and officially included in the National Financial Inclusion
Strategy in 2020, however, financial education is still quite new, and many people are not aware of
the necessity of financial l
Today, in the rapidly emerging globalization process, increasing the competitiveness of enterprises
depends on increasing of their firm performance. Although there are many methods and techniques affecting
firm performance, Information technology (IT) capabilities has become one of the most widely used method,
especially in dealing with supply chain matters of a firm. The aim of our study is to express whether innovation
and organization learning is effective as intermediate variable to the effects of IT capabilities at firm’s
performance. The opinion which claim
Globally, the number of startup companies has rapidly expanded during the last 5-8 years. Offering
products and/or services that greatly enhance the lives of its clients is a major focus for these firms. In India,
local and federal government initiatives have provided new enterprises and entrepreneurs with much
momentum and assistance, helping India become the world's top startup location. The Government of India
(GOI) launched the "Startup India" campaign in 2015 to promote entrepreneurship and support businesses to
achieve this goal (Babu, S., Sridevi, K.,2019). An IBM Center for Business Value and Oxford Economics study
in 2018 found that 90% of Indian companies fail within the first five years of operation. Potential difficulties
that startups may run across, both generally and specifically in the Indian market, have been described by
several authors.
Behaviour finance is the study of how psychological phenomena affect financial behaviour. This
financial science is used in making financial decisions. Amid the development of the digital economy, paylater
innovation has emerged. It is feared that the ease of use of paylater can have a negative impact, one of which is
the attitude of impulsive buying. This research will analyze the effect of financial literacy, self-control, risk
perception, and percieved ease of use on impulsive buying behaviour. This research is based on Decision Affect
Theory, which is a theory that discusses financial decision behaviour that is influenced by self-emotion. This
research is uses purposive sampling wi
Improving the business environment is one of the key strategies to promote local and regional
economic development. However, which factors affect the business environment of the provinces is still
controversial. Using survey data from 400 investors and managers and a multivariate regression analysis
method, this study has identified the factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong province. The
analysis results show that there are 09 factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong City, including
entry costs, land access and tenure, transparent, informal charges, time cost, pro-activeness, business support
services, labor training and legal institutions. In
The effect of work attitude and innovation ability on employee innovation performance is of great
significance for improving the innovation ability of manufacturing enterprises and building an "Innovative
Country" in China.This article theoretical analysis was conducted on the mechanism by which the work attitude
of employees in manufacturing enterprises affects innovation performance and the mediating mechanism of
innovation ability. Based on data from Chinese manufacturing enterprises, empirical analysis was conducted
using SEM models. Resear
The concept of organizational resilience continues to grow in focus and importance, but there
has yet to be an agreed upon measure of organizational resilience. Organizational resilience can be seen as a
corporation’s ability to adapt to change and maintain flexibility within their supply chain. Resilience and
flexibility at all organizational levels is necessary, in a proactive manner, to turn resilience into a competitive
advantage
In this paper, by using the basic method of differential geometry, combined with the optimization
theory and the basic technique of data analysis, the definition, basic properties and statistical characteristics of
nonlinear correlation coefficients on manifolds are studied and given, test the rationality and validity of the
nonlinear correlation coefficient defined in this paper. Therefore, the study of this paper has certain theoretical
value and potential practical significance.
This study aims to analyze and prove whether there is a positive and significant influence
between product quality and poki prices on purchasing decisions for Kobba brand coffee. The survey was
conducted using 53 respondents who were buyers who had purchased Kobba brand coffee more than once.
Information from respondents was obtained through a list of questions that were sent and returned by
respondents
In this paper, we introduce a universal framework for mean-distortion robust risk measurement and
portfolio optimization. We take accounts for the uncertainty based on Gelbrich distance and another uncertainty
set proposed by Delage & Ye. We also establish the model under the constraints of probabilistic safety
criteria and compare the different frontiers and the investment ratio to each asset. The empirical analysis in the
final part explores the impact of different parameters on the model results.
Despite the attainment of the famous Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of reducing the number
of poor people across the globe a significant number still live below the poverty line. The problem of poverty is
more endemic in developing countries like Nigeria. Several intervention efforts have been in place to address
the poverty question which persists partly due to serious financial exclusion and unethical activities of informal
finance providers.
The focus of this research was to establish the effect of entrepreneurship Ecosystem in inculcating
entrepreneurial propensity for community development. Promotion of entrepreneurship in Kenya has existed
ever since independence. The Government has shown tremendous support to entrepreneurship growth. The
Government have channelled financial support through funding such as Women Enterprise fund, Youth
Enterprise Fund and Uwezo Fund
In this paper, we consider an AAI with two types of insurance business with p-thinning dependent
claims risk, diversify claims risk by purchasing proportional reinsurance, and invest in a stock with Heston
model price process, a risk-free bond, and a credit bond in the financial market with the objective of maximizing
the expectation of the terminal wealth index effect, and construct the wealth process of AAI as well as the the
model of robust optimal reinsurance-investment problem is obtained, using dynamic programming, the HJB
equation to obtain the pre-default and post-default reinsurance-investment strategies and the display expression
of the value function, respectively, and the sensitivity of the model parameters is analyzed through numerical
experiments to obtain a realistic economic interpretation. The model as well as the results in this paper are a
generalization and extension of the results of existing studies.
:Textiles and clothing are a fundamental part of everyday life and an important sector in the global
economy. It is hard to imagine a world without textiles. Clothes are worn by almost everyone, almost all the time
and it also becomes an important expression for an individuality. In 2015, emission from textiles production
totaled 1.2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent throughout its lifecycle. The fashion industry is a large consumer of
water, high volumes of water containing
In this paper, we construct a Credit Default Swap pricing model for default recovery rates under
distributional uncertainty based on a structured pricing model and distributional uncertainty theory. The model
is algorithmically transformed into a solvable semi-definite programming problem using the Lagrangian dual
method, and the solution of the model is given using the projection interior point method. Finally, an empirical
analysis is conducted, and the results show that the model constructed in this paper is reasonable and efficient
The closures of schools, colleges, and universities in many countries worldwide during the COVID19 pandemic have reshaped every aspect of our normal lives and educational experience. As a result of
extended periods of lockdown, whole populations have been advised to stay in their households and
communicate with others through distance electronic communications methods such as Zoom, Teams, Google
meetings etc. More than 1
Even though economists and academics have been studying money laundering for many years, there
are still gaps in the research because there is a dearth of trustworthy data on the activity as well as an absence
of specific sources and methods of collection in government-based reporting. The Walker-Unger gravity model
was used in this study to determine the countries that Russian-based money launderers used as funding
destinations between the years 2000 and 2020, as well as whether there are any variations in country rankings
during economic downturns. The investigation's findings indicated that even during recessionary times, money
launderers with Russian bases consistently preferred certain countries as their destination
This study will establish a scientific foundation for analyzing and assessing the development of
human resources in industrial parks of Hai Duong province. According to statistics and primary data, the
study analyzes the current situation of human resource development in the industrial parks in Hai Duong
province, states achievements, limitations and their causes, thereby giving solutions to improve the human
resource development in industrial parks of Hai Duong province in the future for the economic development
of industrial parks in particular and Hai Duong province in general.
Solar photovoltaic systems are becoming essential in renewable energy sources to help reduce
dependence on renewable energy sources, fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. In the world today, many
successful businesses bring efficiency to the environment as well as the global economy. However, to evaluate
the business performance of the global supply chain, it is necessary to find an appropriate method. This article
uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) methods to compare
performance across businesses
The objective of this research is 1) to study social media usage behavior of the elderly and 2) to
examine the relationship between factors of the social media usage behavior of the elderly in Surat Thani
Province, Thailand. The data were collected from selected elderly aged 60 years and older in Surat Thani
Province. The number of the sample in this study was 400. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the
data. Statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Chi-Square
More from International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) (20)
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
Website Link :
https://skyeresidences.com/
https://skyeresidences.com/about-us/
https://skyeresidences.com/gallery/
https://skyeresidences.com/rooms/
https://skyeresidences.com/near-by-attractions/
https://skyeresidences.com/commute/
https://skyeresidences.com/contact/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-and-balcony/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-king-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
#Skye Residences Etobicoke, #Skye Residences Near Toronto Airport, #Skye Residences Toronto, #Skye Hotel Toronto, #Skye Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Near Toronto Airport Accommodation, #Suites Near Toronto Airport, #Etobicoke Suites Near Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Pearson International Airport, #Toronto Airport Suite Rentals, #Pearson Airport Hotel Suites
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...
A Comparative Study of Leadership Effectiveness I.E., Interpersonal Relations, Intellectual Operations, Behavioural and Emotional Stability, Ethical and Moral Strength, Operation as A Citizen between Male and Female in Mizo- Population.
1. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM)
Volume 4 Issue 8 August 2019, P.P. 35-40
ISSN: 2456-4559
www.ijbmm.com
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 35
A Comparative Study of Leadership Effectiveness I.E.,
Interpersonal Relations, Intellectual Operations, Behavioural and
Emotional Stability, Ethical and Moral Strength, Operation as A
Citizen between Male and Female in Mizo- Population.
Naorem Binita devi
Mizoram University; India
Abstract: The present title of the problem is “A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e.,
interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and emotional stability, ethical and moral strength,
operation as a citizen between male and female in Mizo- population”. The objectives of the present study is: To
find out the descriptive statistics of leadership effectiveness of male and female included in the study; To study
the correlational analysis of leadership effectiveness of male and female included in the study; To compare the
leadership effectiveness between male and female included in the present study. To achieve this objective eighty
participants are randomly selected and included in this study. The Data are collected from Aizawl area.
Participants are ranging age group from 20-24 years. All the participants are administered leadership
effectiveness scale ( to measure interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and emotional
stability, ethical and moral strength, adequacy of communications, operation as a citizen). Data can be
analyzed quantitatively. The obtained data is processed by Mean and standard deviation of the Male and
Female of all variables included in the study; Pearson’s intercorrelational analysis among all the variables
included in the present study; One way of analysis for the comparisons of Male and Female ( included in the
study).Results have indicated that The mean value of International relations between Male and female are found
56.43 and 61.06 respectively and F value between groups (F=11.122) are found to be statistically significant.
The mean value of Intellectual operations (IOS) between Male and Female are found 40.06 and 40.36
respectively and F value between groups (F=.131) are found statistically insignificant. The mean value of
Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS) between Male and Female are found 34.86 and 38.20 respectively and F
value between groups (F=9.74)are found to be Statistically significant. The mean value of Ethical & Moral
Strength between Male and Female are found 61.56 and 61.43 respectively and F value between groups
(F=..021) are found to be insignificant. The mean value of Adequacy of communication (AOC) between Male
and Female are found 33.73 and 34.80 respectively and F value between groups (F=.751) are found to be
insignificant. The mean Value of Operations as a citizen (OC) between Male and Female are found 31.83 and
29.83 respectively and F Value between groups (F=.085) are found to be insignificant. The correlation
coefficients of .20 and .25 are significant at .05 and .01 level of significance respectively. The correlation
coefficients are ranged between .20 to .59. All 15 correlation are significant at .05 and .01 level respectively.
Keywords: Leadership, Interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and emotional stability,
ethical and moral strength,
Leadership is an integral part of work and social life. In fact in any given situation where a group of people want
to accomplish a common goal, a leader may be required. Leadership behaviour occurs in almost all formal and
informal social situations. Even in a non formal situation such as a group of friends some sort of a leadership
behaviour occurs wherein one individual usually takes a lead in most of the group activities.
I. Some characteristic of Leaders are
a) Adaptable of situations; b) Alert towards social situation; c) cooperative; d) decisive; e) dependable; f)
assertive ;g) confident and persistent knowledge.
There are many ways in which leadership can be categorized. Accordingly there are many types of leaders as
given below.
Visionary Leader:
2. A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual...
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 36
Visionary leader is the one who has a long-term perspective, who is externally oriented and has a broad interest
in industry, economy, regulations, and politics. His tasks include forming a mission statement, vision and
values. He is supposed to transform and structure the organization to ensure survival and growth. Example of
visionary leader can be a director, senior executive, chair and head of school, senior partner etc.
Integration Leader:
Integration leader is the one who has medium-term perspective. He has an inside out orientation where his main
focus is on his own organization. His main function is to develop organization’s systems and processes. He
reconciles conflicting interests. He develops and champions a strong culture. He ensures effective running of
whole organization by using and innovating corporate knowledge and recruiting and retaining talent.
Fulfilment Leader: Fulfilment leader is the one who has a short-term perspective. He is a knowledge expert who
is result oriented and who has customer service thinking. He pleases the customer by delivering results on time.
He makes continuous improvement by unlocking individual potential and optimum usage of resources.
Transactional Leader: Transactional leaders are the ones who take the initiative in offering some form of need
satisfaction in return for something valued by the employees, such as pay promotion, improved job satisfaction
or recognition. The leader sets clear goals, and is adept at understanding the needs of employees and selects
appropriate, motivating rewards.
Transformational Leaders: Transformational leadership is the process of engaging the commitment of the
employees in the context of the shared values and the shared vision. It is particularly relevant in the context of
managing change. It involves relationship of mutual trust between the leaders and the followers.
Charismatic Leader
Till now we have read about different types of leaders but some time sit happens that we are awed by a leader
and follow him/her blindly. The personal charm of the person influences
us. These types of leaders are known as charismatic leaders.
II. Factors of Leadership
There are four major factors in leadership:
Follower: Different people require different styles of leadership A person who lacks motivation requires a
different approach than one with a high degree of motivation. The fundamental starting point is having a good
understanding of human nature, such as needs, emotions, and motivation.
Leader: You must have an honest understanding of who you are, what you know, and what you can do. To be
successful you have to convince your followers, not yourself or your superiors, that you are worthy of being
followed.
Communication: You lead through two-way communication. Much of it is nonverbal. What and how you
communicate either builds or harms the relationship between you and your employees.
Situation: All are different. What you do in one situation will not always work in another. You must use your
judgment to decide the best course of action and the leadership style needed for each situation.
Researchers like Hemant ; neha Sharan; Shalini Singh (2011) have intended to investigate the relationship
between leadership style, emotional intelligence and psychological distress amongst managers working in
private Insurance sector. Regression analysis has revealed the Bureaucratic leadership style to be a major
contributor of psychological distress showing poor general health, high anxiety and depression. Other
researchers like Ali Bousbia Brahim ;Ogjen Ridic and Tomislav Jukic (November 2015)’s research was
conducted to see how efficiently and effectively managers used available human and other material and
financial resources to satisfy customers and achieve organizational goals. The paper investigated the impact of
transactional leadership style on employees’ performance in Algerian banks. This research indicated that
charismatic leadership, relation-oriented leadership, and ethic-based contingent reward leadership were
positively associated with employee motivation.A group of researchers likeMei-Hui Lin1 and Tsai-Fu Chuang
(2014) investigate the effect of leadership styles of science teachers on the learning motivation of elementary
school students. The results showed that: 1) Both the transformational and transactional leadership styles have
been employed by elementary school teachers in this study. 2) The correlations between the above two
leadership styles and the learning motivation of students are both “moderate to good relationship”. 3) The
transformational and the transactional leadership styles can explain 52.60% of variance for the learning
motivation of students. 4) Multiple regression analysis can be used to infer causal relationships between the
leadership styles of teachers and the learning motivation of students. Again Researchers like Iqbal N ; Anwar S;
3. A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual...
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 37
and Haider(2015) investigate the effect of leadership styles practiced in an organization and their effect on
employee performance. The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of different leadership styles
autocratic, democratic, and participative style- on employee performance. It was concluded that the autocratic
leadership is useful in the short term and democratic leadership style is useful in all time horizon. And
participation leadership style is most useful in long term and effect on employees is positive.
III. Methodology
The present study has been designed to investigate “A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e.,
interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and emotional stability, ethical and moral strength,
operation as a citizen between male and female in Mizo- population “ranging age groups of 20-24 yrs. For this
study, a sample of 80 participants are randomly selected from Mizoram. All the participants are administered
leadership effectiveness scale.
Sample: Sample (N=60 i.e.,30 male and 30 female) for the present study was drawn randomly from Aizawl
area. The selected participants are administered test of and leadership effectiveness scale. The testing is made on
individual setting.
Tests Used: The following tests are used for the present study:
1. Leadership effectiveness scale.
Brief description of the test is as follows:
1. Leadership Effectiveness Scale: This scale was developed by Mrs.Haseen Taj (2001). In identifying the
areas of leadership effectiveness scale, one needs to examine carefully the traits that make a leader
effective or ineffective. It consists of 79 statements and five points (i.e., always, often, occasionally,
rarely, never) against each statement and the participant has to choose one out of the five alternatives. It
measures six major areas (i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, behavioural and
emotional stability, ethical and moral strength; adequacy of communication, operation as a citizen).
Positive scoring like always (A) 5; often (B), 4; Occasionally (c),3; Rarely (D), 2 and Never (E) 1
respectively. For negative items scoring like always (A) 1; often(B) 2; occasionally (C) 3, rarely (D) 4
and never (E) 5 respectively.
Let’s describe six areas of leadership effectiveness scale:
1. Interpersonal Relations: Leadership effectiveness depends upon followers perceiving and responding to
the leader’s display of competence, fairness and identification.
2. Intellectual operations: The most effective leaders appear to exhibit a greater degree of versatility and
flexibility that enables them to adapt their behaviour to the changing and contradictory demands made
on them.
3. Behavioural and emotional stability: Leaders regularity and practicability of behaviour is important in
smoothing ongoing interaction. In case of a leader, this stability of behaviour provides a basis for the
group to function on an even plan, without unnecessary disturbance, if a leader’s position is known and
can be counted on, obviously there is less uncertainty in the system. The behavioural stability alone
does not judge the leader’s effectiveness; in addition, he should possess the emotional stability too.
When a leader behaves on the basis of momentary whim, or seems to be arbitrary in making decisions,
a destructive element is introduced into the leadership process. Therefore, the leader should possess
predictable behaviour and emotional stability to exhibit effective leadership. In this area the
institutional heads leads to challenge the crisis with calmness, self-confidence, dependability and
consistency in words and actions are included.
4. Ethical and Moral strength: The leader who has ethical and moral commitment/strength is fully
committed to the goals of the organization and his role in accomplishing these goals. A leader who
values his organization’s goals and takes great pride in fulfilling his organizational role will be example
of his moral strength. He believes it morally right to belong to the organization. He is likely to be
defensive to the criticism of his firmness and criticism of those he sees not putting forth a maximum
efforts in their work. A leader should also serve as a behaviour model for the group members. His
behaviour should be congruent with the norms of openness and trust. His modelling serves as an
important function of enabling the members to experiment with new kinds of behaviour that may turn
out to be effective for them.
5. Adequacy of communications: Adequacy of communication is vital to the process of effective
leadership. Effective leadership uses communication to get people committed to a joint activity with a
common plan. Barnard (1962) said, “infusing a belief in a common purpose is an essential executive
4. A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual...
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 38
function”. The leader who fails to keep communication less open on a developing issue will find that
followers are less able to understand the necessity for a particular course of action.
6. Operation as a citizen: An effective leader should be a friendly liaison officer between the organization
and community. He should adapt in fostering good public relations, securing community participation
for improving and developing his institution, making institution conscious of the need to serve the
community better.
Scoring:
1. Positive items:
2. 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,10,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,30,32,35,36,38,39,42,43,44,45,46,
47,48,50,51,53,56,57,59,60,63,64,65,66,67,73,74,75,78. (Positive scoring: Always (A)=5; Often (B)=4;
Occasionally (O)=3; Rarely (D)=2; Never (E)=1).
3. Negative items:
4. 6,9,11,29,31,33,34,37,40,41,49,54,55,58,61,62,68,69,70,71,72,76,77,79.(Negative scoring: Always
(A)=1; Often (O)=2; Occasionally (C)= 3; Rarely (D)=4; Never= 5).
Different areas:
1. Interpersonal relations items are 1,7,13,15,16,22,23,33,34,38,47,53,57,58,67,73.(16 items).
2. Intellectual operations items are 3,5,12,17,18,39,40,41,51,56,59,60,75. (13 items).
3. Behavioural and emotional stability items are 10,11,48,55,61,68,69,72,74,76,77.(11 items).
4. Ethical and Moral Strength items are 6,8,9,20,21,26,27,28,29,30,31,35,37,42,50,66,70,71,79.(19
items).
5. Adequacy of communication items are 2,4,14,32,45,46,49,54,62,64,65. (11 items).
6. Operations as a citizen items are 19,24,25,36,43,44,52,63,78. (9 items).
Procedures: The randomly selected samples for the present study from different parts of Aizawl are
administered Individually.
IV. Scoring of the test
Hand scoring was done by using prescribed scoring keys for different tests.
Statistical analysis:
Data can be analyzed quantitatively. The obtained data is processed to obtain the following information:
1. Mean and standard deviation of the Bank employees and businessmen of all variables included in the
study.
2. Pearson’s intercorrelational analysis among all the variables included in the present study.
3. One way of analysis for the comparisons of Male and Female (included in the study).
V. RESULT
The result tables for the present study were as follows:
TABLE:I
Mean, standard deviation of Male and Female on Interpersonal Relations (IRS),Intellectual Operations
(IOS),Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS), Ethical & Moral strength (EMS), Adequacy of
communication (AOC) and Operations as a citizen (OC).
Variables N Mean S.D.
IRS Male 30 56.43 5.59
Female 30 61.06 5.15
IOS Male 30 40.06 3.51
Female 30 40.36 2.87
BMS Male 30 34.86 4.82
Female 30 38.20 3.30
EMS Male 30 61.56 3.72
Female 30 61.43 3.59
AOC Male 30 33.73 4.59
Female 30 34.80 2.82
OC Male 30 31.83 4.62
Female 30 29.83 4.19
5. A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual...
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 39
TABLE:II
Intercorrelation matrix for all the variables included in the study.
IRS IOS BMS EMS AOC OC
IRS ---- .35** .22* .17 -.06 .25**
IOS ----- -.11 .20* -.01 .21*
BMS ----- -.07 -.04 -.17
EMS ----- .06 .59**
AOC ---- .10
OC ----
Note: *p<.05; **p<.01 (2-tailed level)
TABLE:III
Summary of ANOVA of significance difference between Male and Female on Interpersonal Relations
(IRS),Intellectual Operations (IOS),Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS), Ethical & Moral strength
(EMS), Adequacy of communication (AOC) and Operations as a citizen (OC).
Variables SS df MS F
IRS Between groups 322.017 1 322.017 11.12SN
Within groups 1679.233 58 28.952
Total 2001.250 59
IOS Between groups 1.350 1 1.350 .131 NS
Within groups 596.833 58 10.290
Total 598.183 59
BMS Between Groups 166.667 1 166.667 9.74 SN
Within Groups 992.267 58 17.108
Total 1158.933 59
EMS Between Groups .267 1 .267 .021NSWithin Groups 730.733 58
12.579
Total 731.000 59
AOC Between Groups 17.067 1 17.067 .751NS
Within groups 730.733 58 14.529
Total 859.733 59
OC Between groups 60.029 1 3.079 .085NS
Within groups 1130.333 58 19.830
Total 1190.333 59
VI. FIGURES
The following figures are showing Mean Bar Diagram comparision on Interpersonal relations (IRS), Intellectual
operations (IOS),Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS),Ethical & Moral Strength (EMS),Adequacy of
Communication (AOC),and Operations as a citizen (OC).
Figure:1
Mean Interpersonal Relations (IRS)
M F= M ( M ale= 1) & F ( Female= 2)
M F
2.001.00
MeanIRS
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
Fi gure:2
Mean Intel l ectual Operati ons (IOS)
MF= M (Mal e=1) & F (Femal e=2)
M F
2.001.00
MeanIOS
40.4
40.3
40.2
40.1
40.0
Figure: 3
Mean Behaviour & Moral St rengt h (BMS)
MF=M(Mal e=1) & F (Femal e=2)
MF
2.001.00
MeanBMS
39
38
37
36
35
34
F igur e:4
Mean Ethical & Mor al Str ength ( EMS)
M F= M ( M al e= 1) & F ( Femal e= 2)
M F
2.001.00
MeanBMS
39
38
37
36
35
34
Figure:5
Mean Adequacy of Com m unication (AOC)
MF=M(Mal e=1) & F (Femal e=2)
MF
2.001.00
MeanAOC
35.0
34.8
34.6
34.4
34.2
34.0
33.8
33.6
Figure: 6
Mean Operat ions as a Cit iz en(OC)
MF=M(Mal e=1) & F (Fem al e=2)
MF
2.001.00
MeanOC
32.0
31.5
31.0
30.5
30.0
29.5
6. A comparative study of leadership effectiveness i.e., interpersonal relations, intellectual...
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 40
VII. DISCUSSION
The results are discussed in the following ways:
The result Table-I shows mean, standard deviation and Table-III shows F value of all the variables i.e.,
interpersonal relations (IRS), Intellectual operations (IOS), Behaviour & Moral strength (BMS), Ethical &
Moral Strength (EMS), Adequacy of communication (AOC) and Operations as a citizen (OC).The mean value
of International relations between Male and female are found 56.43 and 61.06 respectively and F value between
groups (F=11.122) are found to be statistically significant. The mean value of Intellectual operations (IOS)
between Male and Female are found 40.06 and 40.36 respectively and F value between groups (F=.131) are
found statistically insignificant. The mean value of Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS) between Male and
Female are found 34.86 and 38.20 respectively and F value between groups (F=9.74)are found to be Statistically
significant. The mean value of Ethical & Moral Strength between Male and Female are found 61.56 and 61.43
respectively and F value between groups (F=..021) are found to be insignificant. The mean value of Adequacy
of communication (AOC) between Male and Female are found 33.73 and 34.80 respectively and F value
between groups (F=.751) are found to be insignificant. The mean Value of Operations as a citizen (OC) between
Male and Female are found 31.83 and 29.83 respectively and F Value between groups (F=.085) are found to be
insignificant. Table II shows the intercorrelation matrix for all the variables included in the study. The
correlation coefficients of .20 and .25 are significant at .05 and .01 level of significance respectively. The
correlation coefficients are ranged between .20 to .59. All 15 correlations are significant at .05 and .01 level
respectively. Interpersonal Relations (IRS) has positive significant correlation with Intellectual operations (IOS)
(.35<.01); Behaviour & Moral strength (BMS) (.22<.05); Operation as a citizen (OC) (.25<.01) respectively.
Intellectual operations (IOS) has positive significant Ethical & Moral strength (EMS) (.20<.05) and operation as
a citizen (OC) (.21<.05) respectively. Behaviour & Moral Strength (BMS) has no significant correlations on
ethical & moral strength (BMS), adequacy of communication (AOC) and Operation as a citizen (OC). Ethical
and Moral strength (EMS) has positive significant correlation with operation as a citizen (OC) (.59 <.01).
VIII. Conclusion
In conclusion part, the investigator found very interesting finding about the measures of leadership effectiveness
i.e., interpersonal relations (IRS) Intellectual operations (IOS), Behaviour and Moral strength (BMS), Ethical
and moral strength (EMS), adequacy of communication (AOC and operations as a citizen (OC). Here the
investigator found that interpersonal relations (IRS) and behaviour & moral strength (EMS) have statistically
significant and the females have more mean values than the male counterpart. When the investigator observed
the mean value i.e., intellectual operations (IOS), female has some more point value than male counterpart; for
ethical and moral strength (EMS), Male has little point value than female counterpart; for adequacy of
communication (AOC), female have little more value than male counterpart, and for operation as a citizen (OC),
male have more mean value than female counterpart. This study is totally based on the data collected by the
investigator.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
H.Lalfawmliana,student,dept. Of psychology; MZU,Batch feb 2017-july 2019.
REFERENCES
[1.] Haseen Taj . Manual for Leadership Effectiveness Scale ,(LES).Rakhi Prakashan,Agra,2001.
[2.] Hemant;Neha Sharan; Shalini Singh.Leadership style,emotional intelligence and psychological distress
in private insurance managers. Indian Journal of Health and well-being. 2(2),2011, 526-528.
[3.] Ali Bousbia Brahim; Ognjen Riđić and Tomislav Jukić . THE EFFECT OF TRANSACTIONAL
LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE – CASE STUDY OF 5 ALGERIAN BANKING
INSTITUTIONS.Economic Review – Journal of Economics and Business, Vol. XIII, Issue 2.
(November
[4.] 2015).
[5.] Mai Ngoc Khuong and Dang Thuy Hoang .The Effects of Leadership Styles on Employee Motivation
in Auditing Companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. , International Journal of Trade, Economics
and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 4. (August 2015).
[6.] Mei-Hui Lin1, Tsai-Fu Chuang.The Effects of the Leadership Style on the Learning Motivation of
Students in Elementary Schools. Journal of Service Science and Management. 7, February 2014 1-
10.Published Online (http://www.scirp.org/journal/jssm)http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2014.71001.
[7.] Iqbal N; Anwar S.and Haider N.Effect of Leadership Style on Employee Performance.Arabian Journal
of Business and Management Review.5.5,10.4172/2223-5833.1000146, (2015).