The document outlines the historical development of the space race during the Cold War, highlighting the contributions of German scientists to both the US and USSR's space programs. Key events include the launch of the Soviet's Sputnik satellites, which catalyzed the US space program, and the eventual moon landing by Apollo 11 in 1969. It also touches on espionage efforts in space and suggests that the space race served as a symbolic competition between the superpowers, culminating in collaborative moments like the handshake in orbit between American and Soviet astronauts.

1. A5 THE HISTORY OF
RUSSIA THE COLD WAR
SPACE RACE – CLASS 5
ENCORE – FALL 2011 –
SPRING 2012
Joe Boisvert – Gulf Coast State College

4. Nazi Space
Program
The official picture:
A4 (V2) as a missile.
According to an
unofficial agenda
from Peenemünde
this was only a first
step on the road to
space flight. Sketch
made in
Peenemünde.

5. Both the USSR and the US
Benefited From German Scientist
 The US let in German Scientist before, during
and after the WW2. We developed the “bomb”
first in great part due to German Scientist.
German Rocket Science also key!
 The USSR Captured Many German Scientist
after WW2 – Due to Spying and the use of
Captured German Scientist and Equipment the
USSR developed Atomic Weapons Capability
and started Space Race

6. Dr. Werner von Braun, left, the head of the Nazi rocket program, was brought to
America after the war because our government considered his knowledge and
expertise too vital to fall into enemy hands.

7. The Space Race – Soviet vs US
 During the Cold War, both the United States
and the Soviet Union endeavored to
demonstrate their power.
 The space race served as an opportunity for
the two nations to showcase their scientific
and technological capabilities.
 Amidst propaganda, the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.
competed for superiority in space as they
constantly tried to top each other.

8. Spying From Space
The race to employ spy satellites has
been ongoing. It dates back to the very
beginnings of the space age.
The Soviets and ourselves were locked
in a data gathering race that is still
taking place at this very moment, but
the stage has changed and there are a
lot more players now.

9. Fighting and Spying
from Space
The very first space craft to have
a weapon on it was launched
from the old Soviet Union.
The MOL program in the 60’s the
US was able to see an object that
was under 2 inches in size from
100 miles up in space
The Soviet Union later developed
one capable of seeing an object
3” from 300 Miles

10. US had U-2 Spy Planes
During the cold war we developed the U-2 spy plane.
In its day it was a miracle.
It could fly at over 60,000 feet and was thought to be
safe since it was felt that this was beyond the range of
Soviet antiaircraft missiles.
We began flying this plane over the old Soviet Union to
gather data on their missiles and such, but as we did,
the Soviets were advancing the capabilities of their
defensives and were able to increase the range of their
antiaircraft missiles and shoot down one of our U-2 spy
planes.

11. Soviet Zenit Spy
Satellite
Both countries
had secret
spying program
based in Space
from almost the
beginning

12. . Then Space Flight with Animals.
 Due to the fear of burn-up in reentry and
contamination by space germs, the first space
flights planned were in the form of unmanned
satellite launches
In 1957 the Soviets
successfully launched
the unmanned
satellite, Sputnik I, into
orbit sending millions
of Americans into
shock

13. Sputnik Program – Soviet Union
 The second Sputnik satellite (Sputnik 2) was launched on
November 3, 1957. It carried a dog named Laika. Information
was sent back for about a week and the dog was put to sleep.
The last Sputnik (Sputnik 3) was launched on May 15, 1958. It
was in orbit for 2 years. This Sputnik was intended to be a
space laboratory to study the Earth’s magnetic field and
radiation belt. This one could actually hold cameras and other
data transmitters. It was the most technological of the three.
The Sputnik satellites started the space travel development.
That is how the U.S. started to develop new spacecrafts. If it
weren’t for Sputnik, we wouldn’t have been the first people on
the moon.

14. In conclusion, Sputnik started the space race.
It started a huge revolution. Sputnik changed
our world.

15. Sheppard First US Astronaut in Space
Cold War rival USSR had flown cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin first --
less than a month before on a flight that was higher and longer --
and some in the nascent NASA thought the space race was
already lost.

16. Cape Canaveral, Florida
Crowds of Americans watch the first Manned
Flight

17. Chinese Space Program
The succesful launching of the Shenzhou V, the Divine Vessel,
on 15 October 2003, withtaikonaut Yang Liwei on board,
marked a giant leap forward in the Chinese space program that
saw its origins in the 1960s.

18. China launched its second manned spacecraft,
The launch is part of a more encompassing space
program that includes space walks, the docking of a
capsule with a space module and the launch of a
permanent space lab.

19. The United States Reaches the Moon 1969
Kennedy's goal was accomplished with the Apollo 11 mission when
astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Lunar Module (LM)
on the Moon on July 20, 1969 and walked on its surface

20. Moon Walk 1969

21. “Most of the space program were related
to the Cold War crises of the early 1960s,
in which space flight served as a surrogate
for face-to-face military confrontation

22. The end of the Cold War rivalry in space between the two great
superpowers is easy to spot: It was the famous handshake
between Soviet space commander Alexei Leonov and Nasa
astronaut Tom Stafford when their two vehicles docked together in
orbit.