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OUTLINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],HISTORY OF BIOTERRORISM What is terror? Sense of injustice What leads to terrorism? Desperation and hate Anger and poverty Ignorance Terror is an emotion
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],POLICY ANALYSIS – DEFINE THE PROBLEM
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],“ Bioterrorism is a real threat to our country. It’s a threat to every nation that loves freedom. Terrorist groups seek biological weapons; we know some rogue states already have them…it’s important that we confront these real threats to our country and prepare for future emergencies.”  President Bush 6/12/02 POLICY ANALYSIS - ASSEMBLE THE EVIDENCE
SUMMARY AND PURPOSE OF THE ACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Summary: The act includes five core titles, four of which outline a plan to prepare for, respond to and protect against biological agents and an amendment title. Purpose: The Act was designed to IMPROVE the ability of the US to prevent, prepare, protect and respond to bioterrorism and other public health emergencies
METRICS FOR SUCCESS  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Act outlined specific preparedness goals in Title I – we will evaluate if these goals have been met in the remaining sections of the presentation What do we think the policy leaders were hoping to achieve?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],THE ACT TITLE I PREPAREDNESS GOALS
THE ACT TITLE I PREPAREDNESS GOALS Goal 3 : Developing and maintaining  medical countermeasures  (such as drugs, vaccines and other biological products, medical devices, and other supplies) against biological agents and toxins that may be involved in such emergencies Goal 4 :  Ensuring coordination and minimizing duplication  of Federal, State and local planning, preparedness and response activities including during investigation of a suspicious disease outbreak or other potential public health emergency Goal 5 : Enhancing the  readiness of hospitals  and other health care facilities to respond effectively to such emergencies
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],HISTORY OF RELATED US POLICY
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],HISTORY OF RELATED US POLICY  Continuing on into the 2000’s, related policy continued to iterate. The next proposal was the Bioterrorism Preparedness bill that became the Bioterrorism Preparedness Act of 2002.
BIOTERRORISM PREPAREDNESS: COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM BIOTERRORISM PREPAREDNESS ACT OF 2002 - 9/11 - Anthrax Attacks - Public Health Threats and Emergencies Act of 2000 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Improved National Response
EFFECTIVENESS AND EXECUTION OF THE ACT  Source  : Project BioShield Annual Report to Congress Aug 2006 – July 2007, US Department of Health and Human Services
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],KEY DEPARTMENTS AND ORGANIZATIONS  DHS, HHS and DoD NORTHCOM are key government entities involved to effectively execute the Act  Other key departments and organizations involved in the Act include: Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, Department of State, National Science Foundation, Department of Justice – Federal Bureau of Investigation, Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Customs, Department of Treasury and others
FUNDING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2001 – 2009 BIODEFENSE FUNDING (APPROX. 49 BILLION DOLLARS)  (Source: Franco, Crystal, Billions for Bio-defense: Federal Agency Bio-defense Funding 2008-2009, Bio-security and Bioterrorism Vol. 6, No 2) FY 01 FY 02 FY 03 FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 Total % of Total 1. HHS 271 2940 3738 4217 4148 4132 4066 4004 4173 31690 64% 2. DHS 0 0 422 1788 1981 567 354 358 2545 9014 18% 3. DOD 390 904 503 606 596 566 592 622 737 5518 11% 4. DOA 0 0 200 109 298 247 186 186 277 1503 3% 5. EPA 20 187 132 119 97 129 153 164 197 1200 2.5% 6. DOS 4 71 67 67 67 71 62 57 64 530 1% 7. NSF 0 9 31 31 31 31 27 25 15 200 .5% Total 685 4111 5095 6937 8219 5745 5441 5415 8008 49,655 100%
FY09 BIODEFENSE FUNDING FOR BIOTERRORISM  (APPROX. 8 BILLION DOLLARS) (Source: Franco, Crystal, Billions for Bio-defense: Federal Agency Bio-defense Funding 2008-2009, Bio-security and Bioterrorism Vol. 6, No 2) Dollars allocated are in Millions 84%  of total is for DHS and DHHS
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (HHS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HHS ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (HHS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HHS ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HHS HOSPITAL PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL (CDC) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (DHS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NORTHERN COMAND (DOD NORTHCOM) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUBSEQUENT POLICY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BioShield ACT OF 2004 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PANDEMIC AND ALL HAZARDS  PREPAREDNESS ACT OF 2006 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERRORISM ACT  GOAL #1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERRORISM ACT  GOAL #2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERRORISM ACT  GOAL #3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERRORISM ACT  GOAL #4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERRORISM ACT  GOAL #5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUCCESS OF THE BIOTERROISM ACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BIOTERRORISM PREPAREDNESS ANALYSIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ARE WE PREPARED? (1 of 2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ARE WE PREPARED? (2 of 2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
State by State Preparedness Benchmark 2007 Source :  Ready or Not 2007,  Trust for America’s Health
FUTURE CHALLENGES (1 OF 2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FUTURE CHALLENGES (2 OF 2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source  : CRS Report “Homeland Security: Establishment and Implementation of the United States North Command (2/5/05) and CRS Report, “Hurricane Katrina: DOD Disaster Response” (9/19/05)
Questions? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PUBLIC LAW 107–188 JUNE 12, 2002 PUBLIC HEALTH SECURITY  AND BIOTERRORISM PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE ACT OF 2002
[object Object]
POLICY ANALYSIS – CONSTRUCT THE ALTERNATIVES  The Bioterrorism Act does get credit for enhancing alternatives to pre-existing relevant policies. Our suggestions for improvement include: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES  (HHS)  www.hhs.gov ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL (CDC) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CDC PPREPAREDNESS GOALS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HEALTH RESOURCES AND SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (HRSA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HHS PANDEMIC AND ALL-HAZARDS PREPAREDNESS ACT PROGRESS REPORT 2007 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY  (DHS)  www.dhs.gov
2007 ANNUAL PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEW ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FUTURE TRENDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FUTURE TRENDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TRUST FOR AMERICA’S HEALTH 2007

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Group 1 Final Presentation The Bioterrorism Act

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  • 9. THE ACT TITLE I PREPAREDNESS GOALS Goal 3 : Developing and maintaining medical countermeasures (such as drugs, vaccines and other biological products, medical devices, and other supplies) against biological agents and toxins that may be involved in such emergencies Goal 4 : Ensuring coordination and minimizing duplication of Federal, State and local planning, preparedness and response activities including during investigation of a suspicious disease outbreak or other potential public health emergency Goal 5 : Enhancing the readiness of hospitals and other health care facilities to respond effectively to such emergencies
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  • 13. EFFECTIVENESS AND EXECUTION OF THE ACT Source : Project BioShield Annual Report to Congress Aug 2006 – July 2007, US Department of Health and Human Services
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  • 16. 2001 – 2009 BIODEFENSE FUNDING (APPROX. 49 BILLION DOLLARS) (Source: Franco, Crystal, Billions for Bio-defense: Federal Agency Bio-defense Funding 2008-2009, Bio-security and Bioterrorism Vol. 6, No 2) FY 01 FY 02 FY 03 FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 Total % of Total 1. HHS 271 2940 3738 4217 4148 4132 4066 4004 4173 31690 64% 2. DHS 0 0 422 1788 1981 567 354 358 2545 9014 18% 3. DOD 390 904 503 606 596 566 592 622 737 5518 11% 4. DOA 0 0 200 109 298 247 186 186 277 1503 3% 5. EPA 20 187 132 119 97 129 153 164 197 1200 2.5% 6. DOS 4 71 67 67 67 71 62 57 64 530 1% 7. NSF 0 9 31 31 31 31 27 25 15 200 .5% Total 685 4111 5095 6937 8219 5745 5441 5415 8008 49,655 100%
  • 17. FY09 BIODEFENSE FUNDING FOR BIOTERRORISM (APPROX. 8 BILLION DOLLARS) (Source: Franco, Crystal, Billions for Bio-defense: Federal Agency Bio-defense Funding 2008-2009, Bio-security and Bioterrorism Vol. 6, No 2) Dollars allocated are in Millions 84% of total is for DHS and DHHS
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  • 38. State by State Preparedness Benchmark 2007 Source : Ready or Not 2007, Trust for America’s Health
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  • 54. TRUST FOR AMERICA’S HEALTH 2007