The document discusses different forms of energy including mechanical, heat, light, electrical, and chemical energy. It explains that mechanical energy can be kinetic energy, which is energy of motion, or potential energy, which is stored energy. Kinetic energy increases as motion increases. Potential energy is released as kinetic energy when matter moves. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another. A roller coaster converts gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy and back again. While mass is generally conserved, a small amount of mass can be converted to a large amount of energy according to the theory of special relativity.

1. 8 th Grade Chapter 3 Lesson 4 Pgs. 116 – 121 For Student Use Only

2. Energy For Movement Energy: the ability to do work Work: when a force (a push or pull) moves an object An object posses energy if it it capable of doing work. Ex. Heat energy, sound energy, movement

3. Energy For Movement Energy takes many forms: Heat Light Electrical Chemical Mechanical

4. Energy For Movement Mechanical Energy: Matter in motion or with the potential of motion. EX. Water flowing, drilling, mixer, running

5. Energy For Movement Energy Conversions: Energy is converted into different forms when mechanical energy is used. Drill gets hot Different energy can be converted into mechanical energy Gas energy to mechanical energy to make car go

6. Energy For Movement Types of Energy Kinetic Energy- “to move”- energy in motion- more kinetic energy faster motion Potential Energy- “stored energy” the potential to do work When potential energy is released as kinetic energy, matter moves

7. Energy For Movement Energy Conversions Potential and Kinetic Energy are also found in: Chemical energy Electric energy Light energy Sound energy When potential energy is released it becomes kinetic energy (some kind of kinetic energy)

8. Energy For Movement Matter and Energy Conservation: Matter and Energy cannot be created or destroyed by ordinary means They are conserved Law of Conservation of Matter: Matter can be neither created nor destroyed It is changed into other substances

9. Energy For Movement Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed but is only transformed from one substance to another

10. Energy For Movement Roller Coaster: Potential and Kinetic Energy Explain how a roller coaster has: Potential Energy Kinetic energy Energy Conversion

11. Energy For Movement Conservation of Mass and Energy: It is possible in extreme conditions to lose small amounts of mass. This mass is turned into a massive amount of energy. Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy: The total of the mass and energy of the universe always remains the same

12. Energy For Movement Theory of Special Relativity: Theory enables people to see how much energy is equal to a certain amount of matter E=mc 2 E= energy m= mass c= speed of light 2 The energy produced from a small amount of matter can yield BIG energy!