Guar gum nanoparticles are smaller than 10-1000 nanometers and have properties distinct from larger particles. They can be prepared using ionic gelation and cross-linking methods. Dynamic light scattering, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize the particles' size, morphology, and stability. Guar gum nanoparticles between 10-280 nm were successfully synthesized using these methods and characterized using these techniques. The particle size decreases with decreasing concentrations of guar gum and cross-linker. These nanoparticles have potential applications for targeted drug delivery.
ABSTRACT: The Study was undertaken with an objective to develop a protocol for micropropagation of Pongamia pinnata pierre through shoot apex segments shoot of 0.5 to 1.0 cm were collected and used as a explant. The treatment of 1.0 NaOCl (Sodium hypochloride) (W/v) solution 1 minute to 10 minute time duration. These treated explant washed trice with double distilled water and cultured in MS (Murashige and skoog) medium. In this experiment auxin 2, 4-D, NAA and cytokinin BAP, Kinetin were used for optimization of maximum callus induction.
Shoot apex explant culturing callus induction maximum callus is produced when MS medium with 3.0 mg/l, 2, 4-D and BAP 0.5 mg/l, the optimized physical condition has to be maintain throughout the experiment. In this study about 30 to 35% mature sotmatic embryos germinated after sub culture from shoot apex. Different concentration and combination of NAA, IAA, IBA and BAP were used to inducted rooting on MS based medium. When the hight in vitro shoot, were reached up to 8 cm with healthy shooted roots, the plants were ready for hardening. The complete protocol for somatic embryogenesis, shoot induction, root induction up to hardening.
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield Treated Imidazole Deriva...albertdivis
The Aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on two imidazole derivatives (i.e., imidazole and 2-methylimidazole) by various analytical methods.
ABSTRACT: The Study was undertaken with an objective to develop a protocol for micropropagation of Pongamia pinnata pierre through shoot apex segments shoot of 0.5 to 1.0 cm were collected and used as a explant. The treatment of 1.0 NaOCl (Sodium hypochloride) (W/v) solution 1 minute to 10 minute time duration. These treated explant washed trice with double distilled water and cultured in MS (Murashige and skoog) medium. In this experiment auxin 2, 4-D, NAA and cytokinin BAP, Kinetin were used for optimization of maximum callus induction.
Shoot apex explant culturing callus induction maximum callus is produced when MS medium with 3.0 mg/l, 2, 4-D and BAP 0.5 mg/l, the optimized physical condition has to be maintain throughout the experiment. In this study about 30 to 35% mature sotmatic embryos germinated after sub culture from shoot apex. Different concentration and combination of NAA, IAA, IBA and BAP were used to inducted rooting on MS based medium. When the hight in vitro shoot, were reached up to 8 cm with healthy shooted roots, the plants were ready for hardening. The complete protocol for somatic embryogenesis, shoot induction, root induction up to hardening.
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield Treated Imidazole Deriva...albertdivis
The Aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on two imidazole derivatives (i.e., imidazole and 2-methylimidazole) by various analytical methods.
Genipin cross-linked electrospun chitosan-based nanofibrous mat as tissue eng...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Objective(s):
To improve water stability of electrospun chitosan/ Polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers, genipin, a biocompatible and nontoxic agent, was used to crosslink chitosan based nanofibers.
Materials and Methods:
Different amounts of genipin were added to the chitosan/PEO solutions, chitosan/PEO weight ratio 90/10 in 80 % acetic acid, and the solutions were then electrospun to form nanofibers. The spun nanofibers were exposed to water vapor to complete crosslinking. The nanofibrous membranes were subjected to detailed analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, swelling test, MTT cytotoxicity, and cell attachment.
Results:
SEM images of electrospun mats showed that genipin-crosslinked nanofibers retained their fibrous structure after immerging in PBS (pH=7.4) for 24 hours, while the uncrosslinked samples lost their fibrous structure, indicating the water stability of genipin-crosslinked nanofibers. The genipin-crosslinked mats also showed no significant change in swelling ratio in comparison with uncrosslinked ones. FTIR-ATR spectrum of uncrosslinked and genipin-crosslinked chitosan nanofibers revealed the reaction between genipin and amino groups of chitosan. Cytotoxicity of genipin-crosslinked nanofibers was examined by MTT assay on human fibroblast cells in the presence of nanofibers extraction media. The genipin-crosslinked nanofibers did not show any toxic effects on fibroblast cells at the lowest and moderate amount of genipin. The fibroblast cells also showed a good adhesion on genipin-crosslinked nanofibers.
Conclusion:
This electrospun matrix would be used for biomedical applications such as wound dressing and scaffold for tissue engineering without the concern of toxicity.
Gel matrix dependence on the dose response properties and diffusion phenomena...inventionjournals
Fricke-gel dosimeters proved to be suitable tools to perform 3D radiotherapy pre-treatment dosimetry. The tissue equivalent gel matrix helpsto preserve the spatial information of the dose. Several gel matrices proved to be suitable for dosimetric purposes. The influence of the gel matrices on both system dose response and diffusion processwasinvestigated. Three gel matrices were considered: Gelatinfrom porcine skin, Agaroseand polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde(GTA). In these systems, Xylenol-Orange (XO), an iron(III)chelator, forms red-colored complexeswith Fe3+ that eases the optical determination of the dose. However, the dose evaluationresults to be affectedbydifferent XO-Fe3+ complexes that absorb at different wavelengths. In particular,this phenomenon influences the dose response, the calibration curveand the dose threshold.Therefore, a deeper study of the XO-Fe3+ speciation mechanism could lead to a more accurate evaluation of the dose. A novel procedure, based on a laser-beam irradiation, was implemented for the diffusion process evaluation. The diffusion coefficients were calculated for the three gel matrices tested. PVAmatrix proved to highly limit the diffusion with respect to the other matrices. Further investigations are needed to verify the influence of XO-Fe3+complexeson the diffusion phenomenon.
Curcumin extract nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and antimicrobi...Innspub Net
In recent years, synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated for different medicinal uses. In the present study, we aimed at the biosynthesis of zinc oxide using a curcumin extract. Although, toxic effects of curcumin derivative and zinc oxide nanoparticles in different concentration have been studied specifically on animal models besides the antibacterial activity of synthesized curcumin extract and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The aim of the study was to synthesize extract combined zinc oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The synthesized nanoparticles and extract were characterized for the particle size distribution, morphology, optical properties and surface charge by using UVvisible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), (TEM) and (SEM). Elemental composition and structural properties were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Results: The synthesized nanoparticles and curcumin were irregular shape and had a size distribution in the range of 50–100 nm. The in vitro toxicity effects of zinc oxide and extract showed no toxic effect with different concentration with antibacterial effect.
A simple visible spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination
of ulipristal acetate present in bulk and tablet formulation. The currently
proposed method is established based on MBTH oxidation by ferric ions to
form an active coupling species (electrophile), followed by its coupling with
the ulipristal in acidic medium to form high intensiϑied green colored chromophore
having max at 609 nm. Validated the method as per the current
guidelines of ICH. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 6.25 –
37.50 g mL 1 with a high regression coefϑicient (r > 0.999). Reproducibility,
accuracy, and precision of the method are evident from the low values of R.S.D.
This method can be used in quality control laboratories for routine analysis of
ulipristal acetate in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Assessment of Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection and Susceptibility of Anti...BRNSS Publication Hub
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and serious health problem affecting many people each year around the world especially females. Therapy of UTI relies on the predictability of the agents causing UTI and knowledge of their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two major hospitals of Western Nepal. Tools for data collection were a data collection form. A total of 400 patient’s file with suspected UTI were reviewed, out of which 173 (43.3%) of the suspected samples showed the presence of potential pathogens causing UTI. UTI was most prevalent in females of age group of 21–30 years. Escherichia coli was the predominant (65.1%) bacterial pathogen. Amikacin was found to be the most sensitive antimicrobial followed by nitrofurantoin and gentamicin. Ampicillin showed a higher percentage of resistant, compared to other antimicrobials. As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process, regular surveillance and monitoring are necessary to provide effective treatment of UTIs.
The study mainly to find out the effect of activated biomass on the yield of 10 years of Ceylon tall coconut plants at bris soil to develop a fertilizer mixture that supports plant productivity. The activated biomass was derived from coconut fronds and empty fruit bunch which were air-dried and carbonized in a stainless steel fabricated kiln at a temperature between 250oC-350oC for 4 h to develop the activated biomass. Seven treatments including control were selected. Measurements of yield parameters viz., fruit weight, nut weight, husk weight, water volume, fruit perimeter, fruit length, flesh thickness and the number of nuts increased were conducted every 2 months. There are significant differences at (P<0.05) were observed in some yield parameters, percent of nut increased, flesh thickness and fruits parameter were highest at T3. The treatment of T6 shows the highest records of fruits length, water volume, the weight of fruits, and husks weight. T7 recorded the highest reading of stem diameter. Further field evaluations are needed to determine the relationship of the level of activated biomass with the different level amount of NPK supply in inducing the nutrient availability and soil microbial.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Curcumin in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Curcumin, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Curcumin estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
Formulation and Evaluation of Intranasal Microemulsion containing RutinSagar Savale
Rutin-flavonoid-polyphenolic has gained attention in prevention of brain cancer. The low
permeability of Rutin (RU) across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) leads to its insufficient delivery which in
turns result in low therapeutic index. Therefore, developing a novel approaches enhancing the CNS delivery
of RU are required for the treatment of Cancer. The aim of this research work was to develop in
Microemulsion (ME) loaded with RU, for CNS targeting
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Miconazole nitrate
(MIC). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in
a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the Miconazole
nitrate (MIC) in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was validated as per ICH
guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was successfully applied
for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
Preparation and characterization of nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydro...Jing Zang
The aim of this study is to prepare nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate nanoparticles by salting out technique. In this study Cellulose acetate Hydrogen phthalate was taken as polymer. Nimesulide was selected as a model drug. This technique is suitable for drugs and polymers that are soluble in polar solvents such as acetone or ethanol. The effect of drug concentration and polymer concentration on nanoparticle size, shape, uniform size distribution and stability was studied. Nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, zetapotential and particle size distribution. Size of the particle was measured by SEM.(Scanning electron microscope).Surface charge and stability of the resultant nanoparticles was determined by Zetasizer. Particle size distribution was determined by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS. The cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate concentration and nimesulide concentration was varied from 5mg/ml to 10 mg/ml. The effect of drug and polymer concentrations on nanoparticle size, shape, particle size distribution was studied. Increased drug concentration has no impact on the particle size. The size of the particle was found to be decreased with increased polymer concentration. Increased polymer concentration has resulted in uniform particle size distribution. Higher the polymer concentrations and lower the drug concentrations resulted in uniform particle size distribution.
Genipin cross-linked electrospun chitosan-based nanofibrous mat as tissue eng...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Objective(s):
To improve water stability of electrospun chitosan/ Polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers, genipin, a biocompatible and nontoxic agent, was used to crosslink chitosan based nanofibers.
Materials and Methods:
Different amounts of genipin were added to the chitosan/PEO solutions, chitosan/PEO weight ratio 90/10 in 80 % acetic acid, and the solutions were then electrospun to form nanofibers. The spun nanofibers were exposed to water vapor to complete crosslinking. The nanofibrous membranes were subjected to detailed analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, swelling test, MTT cytotoxicity, and cell attachment.
Results:
SEM images of electrospun mats showed that genipin-crosslinked nanofibers retained their fibrous structure after immerging in PBS (pH=7.4) for 24 hours, while the uncrosslinked samples lost their fibrous structure, indicating the water stability of genipin-crosslinked nanofibers. The genipin-crosslinked mats also showed no significant change in swelling ratio in comparison with uncrosslinked ones. FTIR-ATR spectrum of uncrosslinked and genipin-crosslinked chitosan nanofibers revealed the reaction between genipin and amino groups of chitosan. Cytotoxicity of genipin-crosslinked nanofibers was examined by MTT assay on human fibroblast cells in the presence of nanofibers extraction media. The genipin-crosslinked nanofibers did not show any toxic effects on fibroblast cells at the lowest and moderate amount of genipin. The fibroblast cells also showed a good adhesion on genipin-crosslinked nanofibers.
Conclusion:
This electrospun matrix would be used for biomedical applications such as wound dressing and scaffold for tissue engineering without the concern of toxicity.
Gel matrix dependence on the dose response properties and diffusion phenomena...inventionjournals
Fricke-gel dosimeters proved to be suitable tools to perform 3D radiotherapy pre-treatment dosimetry. The tissue equivalent gel matrix helpsto preserve the spatial information of the dose. Several gel matrices proved to be suitable for dosimetric purposes. The influence of the gel matrices on both system dose response and diffusion processwasinvestigated. Three gel matrices were considered: Gelatinfrom porcine skin, Agaroseand polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde(GTA). In these systems, Xylenol-Orange (XO), an iron(III)chelator, forms red-colored complexeswith Fe3+ that eases the optical determination of the dose. However, the dose evaluationresults to be affectedbydifferent XO-Fe3+ complexes that absorb at different wavelengths. In particular,this phenomenon influences the dose response, the calibration curveand the dose threshold.Therefore, a deeper study of the XO-Fe3+ speciation mechanism could lead to a more accurate evaluation of the dose. A novel procedure, based on a laser-beam irradiation, was implemented for the diffusion process evaluation. The diffusion coefficients were calculated for the three gel matrices tested. PVAmatrix proved to highly limit the diffusion with respect to the other matrices. Further investigations are needed to verify the influence of XO-Fe3+complexeson the diffusion phenomenon.
Curcumin extract nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and antimicrobi...Innspub Net
In recent years, synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated for different medicinal uses. In the present study, we aimed at the biosynthesis of zinc oxide using a curcumin extract. Although, toxic effects of curcumin derivative and zinc oxide nanoparticles in different concentration have been studied specifically on animal models besides the antibacterial activity of synthesized curcumin extract and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The aim of the study was to synthesize extract combined zinc oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The synthesized nanoparticles and extract were characterized for the particle size distribution, morphology, optical properties and surface charge by using UVvisible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), (TEM) and (SEM). Elemental composition and structural properties were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Results: The synthesized nanoparticles and curcumin were irregular shape and had a size distribution in the range of 50–100 nm. The in vitro toxicity effects of zinc oxide and extract showed no toxic effect with different concentration with antibacterial effect.
A simple visible spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination
of ulipristal acetate present in bulk and tablet formulation. The currently
proposed method is established based on MBTH oxidation by ferric ions to
form an active coupling species (electrophile), followed by its coupling with
the ulipristal in acidic medium to form high intensiϑied green colored chromophore
having max at 609 nm. Validated the method as per the current
guidelines of ICH. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 6.25 –
37.50 g mL 1 with a high regression coefϑicient (r > 0.999). Reproducibility,
accuracy, and precision of the method are evident from the low values of R.S.D.
This method can be used in quality control laboratories for routine analysis of
ulipristal acetate in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Assessment of Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection and Susceptibility of Anti...BRNSS Publication Hub
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and serious health problem affecting many people each year around the world especially females. Therapy of UTI relies on the predictability of the agents causing UTI and knowledge of their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two major hospitals of Western Nepal. Tools for data collection were a data collection form. A total of 400 patient’s file with suspected UTI were reviewed, out of which 173 (43.3%) of the suspected samples showed the presence of potential pathogens causing UTI. UTI was most prevalent in females of age group of 21–30 years. Escherichia coli was the predominant (65.1%) bacterial pathogen. Amikacin was found to be the most sensitive antimicrobial followed by nitrofurantoin and gentamicin. Ampicillin showed a higher percentage of resistant, compared to other antimicrobials. As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process, regular surveillance and monitoring are necessary to provide effective treatment of UTIs.
The study mainly to find out the effect of activated biomass on the yield of 10 years of Ceylon tall coconut plants at bris soil to develop a fertilizer mixture that supports plant productivity. The activated biomass was derived from coconut fronds and empty fruit bunch which were air-dried and carbonized in a stainless steel fabricated kiln at a temperature between 250oC-350oC for 4 h to develop the activated biomass. Seven treatments including control were selected. Measurements of yield parameters viz., fruit weight, nut weight, husk weight, water volume, fruit perimeter, fruit length, flesh thickness and the number of nuts increased were conducted every 2 months. There are significant differences at (P<0.05) were observed in some yield parameters, percent of nut increased, flesh thickness and fruits parameter were highest at T3. The treatment of T6 shows the highest records of fruits length, water volume, the weight of fruits, and husks weight. T7 recorded the highest reading of stem diameter. Further field evaluations are needed to determine the relationship of the level of activated biomass with the different level amount of NPK supply in inducing the nutrient availability and soil microbial.
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of Curcumin in a mixture or fixed dose combination. For the ternary mixture containing Curcumin, no spectrophotometric method for evaluation has been reported so far. Thus our aim is to develop method for Curcumin estimation in ternary mixture using U.V spectrophotometry.
Formulation and Evaluation of Intranasal Microemulsion containing RutinSagar Savale
Rutin-flavonoid-polyphenolic has gained attention in prevention of brain cancer. The low
permeability of Rutin (RU) across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) leads to its insufficient delivery which in
turns result in low therapeutic index. Therefore, developing a novel approaches enhancing the CNS delivery
of RU are required for the treatment of Cancer. The aim of this research work was to develop in
Microemulsion (ME) loaded with RU, for CNS targeting
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Esti...Sagar Savale
UV Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation for quantitative estimation of Miconazole nitrate
(MIC). U.V Spectrophotometric method have been widely employed in determination of individual components in
a mixture or fixed dose combination. Our aim is to develop spectroscopic method for estimation of the Miconazole
nitrate (MIC) in ternary mixture by using U.V spectrophotometry. The method was validated as per ICH
guidelines. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the method. It was successfully applied
for the analysis of the drug in bulk and could be effectively used for the routine analysis.
Preparation and characterization of nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydro...Jing Zang
The aim of this study is to prepare nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate nanoparticles by salting out technique. In this study Cellulose acetate Hydrogen phthalate was taken as polymer. Nimesulide was selected as a model drug. This technique is suitable for drugs and polymers that are soluble in polar solvents such as acetone or ethanol. The effect of drug concentration and polymer concentration on nanoparticle size, shape, uniform size distribution and stability was studied. Nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, zetapotential and particle size distribution. Size of the particle was measured by SEM.(Scanning electron microscope).Surface charge and stability of the resultant nanoparticles was determined by Zetasizer. Particle size distribution was determined by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS. The cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate concentration and nimesulide concentration was varied from 5mg/ml to 10 mg/ml. The effect of drug and polymer concentrations on nanoparticle size, shape, particle size distribution was studied. Increased drug concentration has no impact on the particle size. The size of the particle was found to be decreased with increased polymer concentration. Increased polymer concentration has resulted in uniform particle size distribution. Higher the polymer concentrations and lower the drug concentrations resulted in uniform particle size distribution.
Identification of Bioactive Compounds in the acetone extract of Daedalea eleg...AI Publications
Daedalea elegans is a Nigerian wild (non-edible) higher fungus with great potentials in the pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics and food industry. This current study investigates the bioactive compounds that can be found in the acetone extract of D. elegans using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). There were twenty-eight compounds identified to be present in the acetone extract of the fungi under study and these are Benzoic acid (0.40%), Nonanoic acid (0.14%), Oxetane, 2,2,4-trimethyl- (0.28%), n-Decanoic acid (0.09%), Phthalimide (0.44%) Dodecanoic acid (0.24%), E-2-Hexenyl benzoate (0.21%), 2,4-Difluorobenzene, 1-benzyloxy- (0.16%), Tetratetracontane (0.55%), Isopropylphosphonic acid, fluoroanhydryde (0.28%), Benzene, (1-methylundecyl)- (0.21%), Tetradecanoic acid (0.76%), Cyclohexanepropanol, .alpha.,2,2,6-tetrame (0.56%), Pentadecanoic acid (0.71%), E-2-Hexenyl benzoate (0.32%), Pentadecanoic acid (0.97%), 1-Decanol, 2-hexyl- (0.46%), 9-Tetradecenal, (Z) (1.67), n-Hexadecanoic acid (23.59%) is the second most abundant, Phthalic acid, butyl undecyl ester (1.08%), Eicosanoic acid (0.79%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (44.64%) was the highest in quantity, Octadecanoic acid (6.98%), Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (2.64%), 2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-(3,8,12,16-tetramethyl-heptadeca-3,7,11,15-tetraenyl)-cyclohexanol (1.95%), 9(11)-Dehydroergosteryl benzoate (8.37%), 9(11)-Dehydroergosteroltosylate (1.28%), 4,6-Decadienal, 8-ethyl-10-[4-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3,9 (0.22%). These compounds possess activities which includes but not limited to cancer chemotherapy, antifeedant against pine weevil, antifungi agent in topical therapeutic preparation, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-convulsant, antioxidants, hypocholesterolemic, anti-androgenic, nematicide, analgesic, intermediate for food-grade additives, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes and plastic, antineoplastic agent, biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membrane to mention a few. This study has been able to show that D. elegans is a good source of bioactive compounds with great potentials that can be harnessed in various industries.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are the most stable metal nanoparticles, also called Gold Colloidal nanomaterials that have quasi-dynamic nature.
Their properties include high stability, high surface area, good conductivity, and low toxicity and biocompatibility Useful in biological applications.
formulation and evaluation of microbeadsgurleen kaur
Microencapsulation has been employed to sustain the drug release, reduce or eliminate drug related adverse effects, dose intake and improve the bioavailability inspite drug undergo extensive first pass metabolism ultimately improve the compliance in pharmacotherapy of inflammation and pain.
Microencapsulation by ionotropic gelation technique is one of the widely used method for preparation of calcium alginate beads which has ability to form gels reaction with calcium salts .
Microencapsulation has been employed to sustain the drug release, reduce or eliminate drug related adverse effects, dose intake and improve the bioavailability inspite drug undergo extensive first pass metabolism ultimately improve the compliance in pharmacotherapy of inflammation and pain.
Microencapsulation by ionotropic gelation technique is one of the widely used method for preparation of calcium alginate beads which has ability to form gels reaction with calcium salts .
Comparison between Oral Delivery of Eudragit RSPO Microsphere-Based Matrix Ta...BRNSS Publication Hub
The study aims at the comparative study of once-daily ziprasidone loaded polymeric microspheres-based (ZEmsp) matrix tablets (ZEmsp-T) as a sustained delivery system with conventional matrix tablets. The effect of variation in the drug/polymer ratio on the physicochemical characteristics of the microspheres was investigated. The optimized ZEmsp formulation demonstrated favorable mean particle size and drug loading along with sustained release pattern. After the selection of the optimized microspheres, matrix tablets were compressed with different direct tableting agents. After successful preparation and evaluation of ZEmsp-T, we found that batch ZEmsp-T3 and ZEmsp-T4, respectively. The optimized matrix tablets showed sustained release pattern of the drug release. The same parameters were evaluated for conventional matrix tablets, but results were not complies. Thus, results of this study prove the suitability of using Eudragit RSPO as a sustained release polymeric material to develop microspheres combined with different tableting agents to prepared matrix tablets were designed successfully for once-daily oral administration to avoid dosing frequency
Gold Nano Particles Of Cancer Treatment: A ReviewShrikant Shirole
Gold nanoparticles are emerging as promising agents for cancer
therapy and are being investigated as drug carriers, photothermal
agents, contrast agents and radiosensitisers. Cancer is the disease
caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the
body.In this review some various nanotechnology is found the 10 new
technique and treated with all the cancer treatment is beneficial
compare to other cancer therapy.Will the synthesis of various gold
nano particles and find out the gold nano shells, gold nano cages, gold
colloidal nano spheres. Then Nanoparticles can be used to target bio markers or antigens that
are highly specific to Cancer cells.This gold nano particles using the therapy Rheumatoid
arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, Cancer detection. The introduces to the cancer diseases,nano
particles techniques, cancer therapy, then various types of the gold nano particles, propertices
of cancer cells, future scope of cancer treatment, applications, background of cancer
treatment will be discussed.
KEYWORDS: Gold nano particles techniques, cancer treatment, clinical trials.
Abstract
Objective(s):
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (NGPs) is environmentally safer than chemical and physical procedures. This method requires no use of toxic solvents and synthesis of dangerous products and is environmentally safe. In this study, we report the biosynthesis of NGPs using Streptomyces djakartensis
isolate B-5.
Materials and Methods:
NGPs were biosynthesized by reducing aqueous gold chloride solution via a Streptomyces isolate without the need for any additive for protecting nanoparticles from aggregation. We characterized the responsible Streptomycete; its genome DNA was isolated, purified and 16S rRNA was amplified by PCR. The amplified isolate was sequenced; using the BLAST search tool from NCBI, the microorganism was identified to species level.
Results:
Treating chloroauric acid solutions with this bacterium resulted in reduction of gold ions and formation of stable NGPs. TEM and SEM electro micrographs of NGPs indicated size range from 2- 25 nm with average of 9.09 nm produced intracellular by the bacterium. SEM electro micrographs revealed morphology of spores and mycelia. The amplified PCR fragment of 16S rRNA gene was cloned and sequenced from both sides; it consisted of 741 nucleotides. According to NCBI GenBank, the bacterium had 97.1% homology with Streptomyces djakartensis strain RT-49. The GenBank accession number for partial 16S rRNA gene was recorded as JX162550.
Conclusion:
Optimized application of such findings may create applications of Streptomycetes for use as bio-factories in eco-friendly production of NGPs to serve in demanding industries and related biomedical areas. Research in this area should also focus on the unlocking the full mechanism of NGPs biosynthesis by Streptomycetes.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
1. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.6, June 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
44doi: 10.32622/ijrat.76201928
Abstract— Guar gum Nano particles are smaller in size,
due to their smaller size of exact directing, drug release
possible, improvement of salutary efficiency and decrease of
harmlessness. NPs are low-cost, biocompatible, non-toxic,
and biodegradable to chemical alterations. The guar gum
Nano particles are widely used in pharmaceuticals. This
methods also used for the preparation of Nano particles are
nonchemical, precipitation, dialysis, spray drying and
mixture of these methods. Current review focus on the
synthesis, types, preparation and characterization of Guar
gum Nano particles by Ionic gelation method and cross
linking method most advanced application related to targeted
drug delivery. Nanoparticles act as possible transfers for
some classes of cosmetics and drugs. It has been set up that
the creation of nanoparticles depends upon the molecular
mass of the galactomannan, solvent, surfactant, cross-linker
and agitation. The particle size can be determined by
scanning electron microscopy studies such as DLS, UV and
SEM. The morphology and size of the gum Nano particles are
determined by increased technique created spherical
nanoparticles of size 10–280 nm. The results are given within
the sort of tables and graphs.
Index Terms— Guar gum, Tris sodium
Trimetaphosphate, sodium hydroxide, ultrapure water, Ionic
gelation method.
I. INTRODUCTION
Guar Gum Nano particles measures
10-1000nanometres or less. The properties of many
conventional materials change when formed from
nanoparticles. This is normally as a result of nanoparticles
have a bigger extent per weight than larger particles that
causes them to be a lot of reactive to another molecules. The
size of the particle depends upon nozzle size, atomization
pressure, and spray flow, body of water air temperature and
quantity of cross linking.1
Drug delivery system notion is not
novel in the action of some syndromes. Targeting delivery of
drugs to carry a necessary dose of drug to the mark, proper
carriers of drug were required. These Nano particle carriers
have key potential application for the admin of health-giving
Manuscript revised June 4, 2019 and published on July 10, 2019
Mr.G.Muthaih, Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagrjuna University,
Guntur,Andhrapradesh,India.
Mrs.S.Nagamani, Information Technology, Lakireddy balireddy college of
Engineering, Mylavarm, Andhrapradesh,India.
Dr.D.Ramachandran, Department of Chemistry,Acharya Nagrjuna
University,Guntur,Andhra Pradesh,India.
molecule. Lipase is mostly used enzyme in feed, food,
pharmaceutics, which can hydrolyze obese into glycerol and
full of fatty acid2, 3
. Ionic gelation (IG), also called
‗ion-induced gelation‘, ends up in small particles (MPs)
nanoparticles (NPs) and with defects like improper surface
morphology, fragile particulate system, high dispensability
index, and lack of correct surface modification sites to
connect purposeful moieties.[4—6]Nanoparticles act as
possible carries for numerous courses of drugs such as,
antihypertensive ,agents, immunomodulators, hormones and
anticancer agents.Macro molecules like proteins, nucleic
acids, antibodies and peptides.
[7-8]
O
O
OH CH2OH
OH
OHOH
HO
HOO
HOH2C
O
O
HO
H2C
STMP
Span80Glycerol
Distilled Water Continious Stirring
4 Hours
Nano Emulsion
Kept Overnight
rpm20000
Recentrifugation
30 minutes
Centrifugation
30 minutes
Cross linker
Guargum Nano Particle
rpm20000
Guargum Powder
Structure of
Guargum
NaOH
Fig 1:Systematic process of Guar gum Nano Particle
preparation based on Ionic Gelation Method
II. RELATED WORK
Nano Particles are a category of materials with diameters
within the vary from 1 to 100nm. These systems area unit
created unremarkably in nature, and that they area unit
referred to as colloids, aerosols and submicron solids; these
area unit dirt particles and suspended solids in liquid systems,
smoke, clouds and mist. Different nanoparticles area unit
deliberately created for distinctive applications in areas of
medication and physics[9-11].Fabricated metal colloids are
used for the so many years in manufacturing of glass[12-14].
PCA ways applied with numerous qualitative analysis
techniques have mature to become themedicine analysis, as
well as techniques capable of aiding within the diagnosis of
multiple diseases like breast and cervical cancer[17,18] and
leukemia [19]. GGNPs has been widly used for breast cancer
delivery to the drug unless retarding property and condition
Preparation and characterization of Guar gum Nano
Particle through DLS, UV and SEM
Gunti Muthaiah, S.Nagamani, Dr.D.Ramachandran
2. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.6, June 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
45doi: 10.32622/ijrat.76201928
to microorganism degradation within the intensive. Very
little data is out there within the open literature for the chance
of exploitation gum based mostly Nano sized materials as a
drug carrier In this an attempt is formed in getting ready Nano
sized uncoated and catalyst functionalized gum NPs by ionic
gelation and cross-linking methodology. Particle size poly
dispersity index, and size was established by DLS, UV, and
SEM.
III.EXPERIMENTAL
A .Chemicals required
Guargum(Mw220kDa),Ttrisodium
trimetaphosphate,Na3P3O9 (STMP), and sodium hydroxide
(NaOH).All solutions were ready with ultrapure water.
B. Preparation
Preparation of cross-linked nanoparticles varied
amounts of GG (concentration starting from 0.05 to 0.2 %
w/v) were additional in to a 2M NaOH solution (100 ml,
pH=12.0) and were allowed to hydrate for a minimum of 2h
underneath constant magnetic stirring at temperature.A
STMP solution (100mL, concentration varied from 0.2 to
10% w/v) was then additional at a rate of flow of one mL/min
employing a peristaltic pump, and therefore the reaction
mixture was then ceaselessly stirred nightlong. The resultant
mixture dispersion was dialyzed against H2O till neutral pH
(approx.72h). An aliquot of the sample suspension was
unbroken for particle size measurements, whereas the
remaining product was freeze-dried by freeze drying then
keep in an exceedingly desiccator.
Solvent
Polymer in aqueous phase
(Guar gum)
O/W Emulsion
Nano Emulsion
Cross linked Nano particles in preparative media
Cross linked Nano particles in preparative media
Sonication Span80 (Emulsifier)
Glycerol
NaoH STMP (Cross linker) Tri sodium
trimetaphasphate
Centrifugation After that again Wash and
Centrifugation
Stirring one Complete
Night
Fig 2: Schematic representation of nano particle
preparation
Batch
GG
concentrati
on (%)
STMP
concentrati
on (%)
Size SDn
m
PD
I
GGNP 0.5 10 780±1.4 0.5
1
GGNP
2
0.5 5 460±1.3 0.4
GGNP
3
0.5 2.5 417±1.2
0.3
2
GGNP
4
0.4 1 360±1.6
0.2
8
GGNP
5
0.4 0.5 537±8.9
0.2
5
GGNP
6
0.4 0.25 450±12.4 0.2
GGNP
7
0.3 0.05 387±0.6
0.1
8
GGNP
8
0.3 0.03 593±1.3
0.1
2
GGNP
9
0.3 0.02 208±0.9
0.1
1
Table 1: Characterization of different Nanoparticle
Fig 3: STMP Concentration and PDI
C. DLS Analysis
Particle size and DLS measurements the common hydraulics
diameter of the nanoparticles determined in water at 25 °C by
dynamic lightweight scattering measurements employing a
Malvern Zeta size ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, Worcester,
UK). The same Instrument allow the determination of 3
measurements and polydispersity index (PDI). Additionally,
period of time dynamic nanoparticle image was achieved by
nanoparticle following analysis (NTA) employing a Nano
sight LM10 instrument prepared with a sample chamber with
a 532nm optical maser and a 560 nm long pass filter. The
particle size was calculated exploitation the Stokes–Einstein
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
10.00 2.50 0.50 0.05 0.02
PDI
% Concentration
3. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.6, June 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
46doi: 10.32622/ijrat.76201928
Fig. 4: (b) Guar gum Nano particle Correlation function
D. UV-Vis Spectra Analysis:
The reduction of pure guar gum Nano particles was
monitored under UV–vis spectrophotometer (Thermo
scientific-Genesys10S) 3ml of sample was withdrawn .The
absorbance was measured. UV-vis spectral analysis was done
by between 300-700nm.Guar gum nanoparticles formation
and the stability of the reduced GGNPs in the filtrate were
monitored by using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (fig. 5a and
5b). An UV-Vis Spectrophotometer is one of the most
important to determine the formation of polymer
nanoparticles. The results were plotted and Shown in Fig.6a
and 6b. The UV–Vis spectrum Showed an SPR peak of guar
gum nanoparticles at 350 nm. It as well known that shape and
size of the Guar gum nanoparticles reflects the absorbance
peak. The absorption spectrum obtained showed a strong
surface Plasmon resonance band maximum at 355 nm (fig. 5)
a characteristic peak of guar gum nanoparticles.
Fig 5: (a) Guar gum with solvent (b) after addition of
cross linker STMP
Fig.6 (a): UV-Visible spectral analysis of synthesized guar
gum nano particles without cross linker
Fig.6 (b): UV-Visible spectral analysis of synthesized
guar gum nanoparticles with cross linker (STMP)
E. SEM ANALYSIS
The scanning microscope (SEM) is one of the
foremost versatile instruments on the market for the check
and analysis of the microstructure morphology and chemical
conformation characterizations.
SURAFCE MORPHOLOGY
The surface morphology of nanoparticles was studied by
scanning microscopy employing a(SEM Jeol JSM-6060LV)
Instrument. Sample were placed on stumps, dehydrated
with chemical element Associate in Nursing covered with
golden alloy in a chemical element atmosphere (current 20
mA, pressure 10e-3 Pa (employing a coater (Quorum, Q
150RES)).
4. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.6, June 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
47doi: 10.32622/ijrat.76201928
Fig.7(a) SEM Micrograph of 100nm
Fig 7(b) SEM micrograph of Guar gum Nano Particles.
Fig. 7(c) SEM Micrograph of 1µm
Fig.7(d) Guar gum particles
V.RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is one among the
foremost versatile instruments on the market for the
investigation and analysis of the microstructure morphology
and chemical conformation characterization. Guar gum Nano
particles were investigated by SEM as show Fig-7(a, b) The
SEM micrographs the particle size were obtained 10-100 nm
which is show in the Fig 7(a, b c d).
VI.CONCLUSION
The techniques namely DLS, UV and SEM mainly used for
morphological studies of nanoparticles. Various researchers
used these techniques to point out that the made Nano
particles were additional or less uniform in size and form.
However, challenges and also the success for the researchers
during this rising field would rely to an oversized extent on
the provision, value and simple handling and performance of
the delicate techniques delineate during this paper. Further,
the standard and extent of data derived through these
techniques i.e. DLS, ultraviolet and SEM chemical analysis,
additionally depends to an oversized extent on the extent of
understanding of the user, experience and right sample
preparation, characterization techniques for nanoparticle
employed in drug delivery application.
REFERENCES
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48doi: 10.32622/ijrat.76201928
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AUTHOR PROFILE
Mr.Gunti Muthaiah Research scholar in department of
Chemistry at Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur. He
published 4 International Journals. He attended 4
national conferences. He has 7 years of teaching
experience and 5 years of Research experience.
Sikhinam Nagamani. Working as an Assistant
Professor in the department of IT, Lakireddy
Balireddy Collge of Engineering,,Mylavarm. She
attended five conferences and published 7
Interantional jornals. She has eleven years of Teaching
experience.She is a member of ISTE, CSI& IAENG
Dr.D.Ramachandran working as associate professor in
Department of chemistry at Acharya Nagarjuna
University,Guntur. He published 38 national journals
and 68 International journals. He attended 40 national
conferences and 6 International Conferences.