This document discusses ovarian cysts, dividing them into non-neoplastic and neoplastic categories. Non-neoplastic cysts are further divided into functional, pathological, and other types. Functional cysts include follicular cysts, corpus luteal cysts, and theca lutein cysts, which are asymptomatic and typically resolve on their own within weeks. Pathological cysts include those seen in polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriotic cysts. Other non-neoplastic cysts include para-ovarian and para-fimbrial cysts. Neoplastic cysts include benign tumors, borderline tumors, and malignant tumors. The document provides details on characteristics, diagnosis,

1. Dr.Chaduvula Suresh Babu
Professor
Department of OBGYN
GIMSR
Visakhapatnam, AP, India

3.  Develops from “Genital ridge”

4.  It is suspended in the pelvis between uterus
and pelvic wall by a suspensory ligament
laterally and ovarian ligament medially
 It I supplied by ovarian arteries
 Venous drainage – Left renal vein and right
aortic vein
 Lymphatic – Para aortic lymph nodes

8.  1. Non-Neoplatic
 2. Neoplastic

9.  I. Non-Neoplastic :
A] Functional:
1. Follicular cyst,
2. Corpus Luteal Cyst
3. Theca Lutein Cyst
4. Haemorrhagic Cyst
5. Luteoma of Ovary in Pregnancy
B] Pathological:
1. PCOS
2. Chocolate cyst or Endometriotic cyst
3. Tubo-ovarian mass

10. C] Others: [Embryological defect]
1. Para-ovarian Cyst
2. Para-fimbrial Cyst
II. Neoplatic:
A] Benign tumours
B] Borderline or
Tumours of Lo Malignant PotentialPM
C] Malignant tumours

11.  Collection or retention of excess fluid in
preformed cavities resulting in enlargement
of ovary
 Not capable of proliferation [mostly]

12.  Functional Cyst
 Failure to break – 3 to 6
cm, unilocular, thin
walled, straw coloured
fluid
 Persistence of Immature
follicles
 Asymptomatic , regress
in 6 weeks
 Accidental/ incidental
pick
 TA/TV USG
 Conservative treatment
 OC pills

13.  Persistence of corpus
luteum 3-6 cm
 Unilocular, thick wall,
yellowish orange colour
 Asymptomatic, resolves
in 6 – 12 weeks
 Pain
 DD – Ectopic pregnancy.
 Diagnosis – TA/TV UG
 Conservative
 Surgery

14.  Bunch of Cyst, grey –
blue, honey combed pic
 Straw coloured fluid
 Bilateral
 2mm to 30 cm
 Asymptomatic
 Pain abdomen
 Asso.with –
Hydatidiform mole
 Twin Pregnancy
 HCG therapy in
infertility
 Conservative treatment

15.  Bleeding into either
corpus luteum or
follicular cyst
 Acute Pain abdomen
 Diagnosis – USG
 Expectant
treatment
 Surgery – like
cystectomy

16.  Any cyst with a
long pedicle
 Complete or
partial
 Acute abdomen
 Diagnosis – UG
 Treatment –
 Salipingooopherect
omy

17.  Asso. with pregnancy
 Androgen production
 Virilisation of mother
and masculinization
of female foetus
 Presents as discrete,
single or multiple
nodules in luteinized
stroma
 Recur in subsequent
pregnancy
 Conservative /
Cystectomy

18.  Enlarged ovaries with
peripherally situated
cysts
 Each cyst measures
from 2-9 mm with
stromal hyperplaia
 Infertility, Hirsutism,
menstrual disturbances
 Diagnosis – UG –
necklace pattern
distribution of cysts
 Hormonal assay
 Metabolic profile

19.  Treatment
 Life style
modification
 OC Pills
 OC pill with
cyproterone acetate
or spironolactone
 Metformin and
Clomiphene citrate
for infertility
 Lap. Ovarian drilling

20.  Asso. with
endometriosis
 Sampon’s theory
 Cyst with tarry or
chocolate coloured fluid
 Few cm to 20 cm
 Pain, Infertility,
Dyspareunia
 Diagnosis - USG
 Enucleation or
Cystectomy
 GnRH analogues or
Danazole

21.  Partial obstruction of the
vessels and lymphatics in
torsion ovary, unilateral
 Accumulation of fluid in
ovarian stroma
 soft, pearly white cyst
 Diffuse edema in medulla
and inner cortex
 Few cm to 25 cm
 Pain abdomen/ menses
disturbed
 Diagnosis - USG with
doppler
 Enucleation or cytectomy

22.  Located adjacent to
fallopian tube or
ovary
 Arises from
remnants of either
proximal or distal
wolfian duct
epithelium
 Asymptomatic or
Pain abdomen
 Diagnosis - USG
 Cytectomy

23.  Evaginations from
the tube
 single or multiple
 Few mm to 2cm
 Asymptomatic
 Infertility
 Excision

24. Thank You All